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The Sanskrit drama

Chapter 109: H
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About This Book

A scholarly study traces the origins, development, theory, and practice of classical Indian drama written in Sanskrit and Prākrit, examining ritual and Vedic antecedents, the Nāṭyaśāstra’s account of divine origin, and debates prompted by newly discovered early fragments. It analyzes major dramatists and representative plays through the first millennium, outlines technical principles of poetics and stagecraft—such as rasa, characterization, metre, and performance conventions—and distinguishes theoretical prescriptions from later imitative works. The author confines discussion to literary-dramatic traditions, omitting vernacular theatre, and emphasizes how textual confusion in sources complicates but also illuminates understanding of classical dramatic art.

[Contents]

H

Hair, how worn on the stage, 366, 367.

Hāla, or Sātavāhana, 74, 76;
refers to drama, 45, n. 1.

Hamartia, Aristotelian doctrine of, 279, n. 1.

Hammīra, a Mahomedan invader, 248, 249, 250.

Haṅsavatī, a queen of Duḥṣanta, 158, 160.

Hanumant, 63, 111, 113, 190, 227, 245, 246, 266, 269.

Happy ending, necessary in drama, 38, n. 2, 140, 278, 354.

Hara, the god, 240, 241.

Haradatta, on Mahābhāṣya, 34.

Harem life, effect on drama, 65, 280.

Haribrahmadeva, of Raypur, 270.

Hāricandra, a poet, 91.

Harihara, author of the Bhartṛharinirveda, 248.

Harihara, brother of Mādhava, 268.

Hariçcandra, tale of, 240.

Harisiṅha, of Simraon, 261.

Harlequin, origin of the character of the, 39.

Harṣa, dramatist, of Kanyakubja (A.D. 606–48), 42, 85, 103, 155, 170–81, 204, 239, 256, 278, 284, 303, 305, 311, 325, 355, n. 3, 368.

Harṣa, Candella, king of Jejākabhukti, 239.

Harshness, as an allegorical character, 255.

Hastigiri, lord of, 268.

Haughty, hero, 305, 306, 307, 347;
enemy of the hero, 307, 308.

Hemacandra, Jain author, 225, 243, 254, 255, 258, 260, 273, 275.

Hemakūṭa, place of abode of Mārīca, 154.

Hemān̄gada, a Vidyādhara, 229.

Hemān̄gī, a heroine, 263.

Herakleidai, of Euripides, known in India, 59.

Heresy, as a character, 252.

Heretics, parodied in the Prahasana, 348;
excluded from spectacles, 370.

Hero, in Sanskrit drama, 305–7, 323;
should be on stage during each Act, 140, 301;
appropriate to several types of drama, 345–51.

Heroic comedy, see Nāṭaka and Nāṭikā.

Heroic (vīra) sentiment, 320, 323, 346;
[380]metre and style appropriate to, 331, 332.

Heroine, in New Comedy, 62;
in Sanskrit drama, 308–10;
in different types of play, 346–8, 350, 351.

Heroism, 165, 168, 177, 195, 211, 278.

Hertel, Prof. J., theory of the origin of the drama, 16–18.

Hetaera drama, Buddhist, 84, 85.

Hetaerae, 62, 133, 313, 334, 335, 346;
form of names of, 313.

Hiḍimbā, wife of Bhīma, 95, 96, 106, 109, 213.

Hillebrandt, Prof. A., view of origin of drama, 25, 35, 36, n. 1, 39, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53.

Hindi, vernacular drama in, 243.

Hindu revival under the Guptas, 60.

Hippolytos, of Euripides, 279, n. 1.

Historical drama, 248–51.

Hiuan-Tsang, 170, 284.

Hoernle, Dr. A. F. R., theory as to identity of Vikramāditya, 144.

Holi festival, 41.

Horrible, descriptions of the, 192, 223.

Horror, sentiment of, 319, 320, 324, 325;
metre and style appropriate to, 331, 332.

Horse sacrifice, ritual abuse in, 25;
of Agnimitra and Samudragupta, 149.

Hultzsch, Prof. E., on date of Murāri, 225, 259.

Human sacrifice, as motif, 259.

Humorous speech (vyāhāra), 329.

Humour, 136, 159, 160, 177, 192, 211.

Hūṇas, 144, 145, 168.

Hunters, speech of, 347.

Hunting, miseries of, 152, 160.

Huth, G., views on date of Kālidāsa, 145, n. 1;
on order of his poems, 167.