[670] First printed in The Alleyn Papers (for the Shakespeare Society), p. 8, by Collier, who remarks:—"In the original MS. this dramatic dialogue in verse is written as prose, on one side of a sheet of paper, at the back of which, in a more modern hand, is the name 'Kitt Marlowe.' What connection, if any, he may have had with it, it is impossible to determine, but it was obviously worthy of preservation, as a curious stage-relic of an early date, and unlike anything else of the kind that has come down to us. In consequence of haste or ignorance on the part of the writer of the manuscript, it has been necessary to supply some portions, which are printed within brackets. There are also some obvious errors in the distribution of the dialogue, which it was not easy to correct. The probability is that, when performed, it was accompanied with music."
[671] MS. "Jack."
[672] MS. "W. Fre."—which Dyce supposed to be an abbreviation for Wench's Friend.
[673] MS. "Frend."
[674] MS. "Wen" (i.e. Wench).
[675] MS. "Wen."
[676] Bauble.
[677] In the Introduction I have expressed my opinion that this ballad is a forgery.
[678] We are to suppose an allusion to Robert Greene.
[679] The anagram of Marlowe.
In a copy of Hero and Leander Collier found, together with other questionable matter, the following MS. notes:—"Feb. 10, 1640. Mr. [two words follow in cipher], that Marloe was an atheist, and wrot a booke against [two words in cipher,] how that it was all one man's making, and would have printed it, but it would not be suffred to be printed. Hee was a rare scholar, and made excellent verses in Latine. He died aged about 30."—"Marloe was an acquaintance of Mr. [a name follows in cipher] of Douer, whom hee made become an atheist; so that he was faine to make a recantation vppon this text, 'The foole hath said in his heart there is no God.'"—"This [the name in cipher] learned all Marloe by heart."—"Marloe was stabd with a dagger and dyed swearing."
CONTAYNINGE THE OPINION OF ONE CHRISTOFER MARYLE, CONCERNYNGE HIS DAMNABLE OPINIONS AND JUDGMENT OF RELYGION AND SCORNE OF GODS WORDE.
From MS. Harl. 6853, fol. 320.
That the Indians and many Authors of Antiquitei have assuredly written of aboue 16 thowsande yeers agone, wher Adam is proved to have leyved within 6 thowsande yeers.
He affirmeth[681] That Moyses was but a Juggler, and that one Heriots can do more then hee.
That Moyses made the Jewes to travell fortie yeers in the wildernes (which iorny might have ben don in lesse then one yeer) er they came to the promised lande, to the intente that those whoe wer privei to most of his subtileteis might perish, and so an everlastinge supersticion remayne in the hartes of the people.
That the firste beginnynge of Religion was only to keep men in awe.
That it was an easye matter for Moyses, beinge brought up in all the artes of the Egiptians, to abvse the Jewes, being a rvde and grosse people.
[* * * * * * * * * *][682]
That he [Christ] was the sonne of a carpenter, and that, yf the Jewes amonge whome he was born did crvcifye him, thei best knew him and whence he came.
That Christ deserved better to dye than Barrabas, and that the Jewes made a good choyce, though Barrabas were both a theife and a murtherer.
That yf ther be any God or good Religion, then it is in the Papistes, becavse the service of God is performed with more ceremonyes, as elevacion of the masse, organs, singinge men, shaven crownes, &c. That all protestantes ar hipocriticall Asses.
That, yf he wer put to write a new religion, he wolde vndertake both a more excellent and more admirable methode, and that all the new testament is filthely written.
[* * * * * * * * * *][682]
That all the Appostels wer fishermen and base fellowes, nether of witt nor worth, that Pawle only had witt, that he was a timerous fellow in biddinge men to be subiect to magistrates against his conscience.
That he had as good right to coyne as the Queen of Englande, and that he was acquainted with one Poole, a prisoner in newgate, whoe hath great skill in mixture of mettalls, and havinge learned such thinges of him, he ment, thorough help of a cvnnynge stampe-maker, to coyne french crownes, pistolettes, and englishe shillinges.
That, yf Christ had instituted the Sacramentes with more cerymonyall reverence, it would have ben had in more admiracion, that it wolde have ben much better beinge administred in a Tobacco pype.
[* * * * * * * * * *][682]
That one Richard Cholmelei[683] hath confessed that he was perswaded by Marloes reason to become an Athieste.
Theis thinges, with many other, shall by good and honest men be proved to be his opinions and common speeches, and that this Marloe doth not only holde them himself, but almost in every company he commeth, perswadeth men to Athiesme, willinge them not to be afrayed of bugbeares and hobgoblins, and vtterly scornynge both God and his ministers, as I Richard Bome [sic] will justify bothe by my othe and the testimony of many honest men, and almost all men with whome he hath conversed any tyme will testefy the same: and, as I thincke, all men in christianitei ought to endevor that the mouth of so dangerous a member may be stopped.
He sayeth moreover that he hath coated[684] a number of contrarieties out of the scriptures, which he hath geeven to some great men, who in convenient tyme shalbe named. When theis thinges shalbe called in question, the witnesses shalbe produced.
[Now-a-days inquiries as to the age of the earth are of interest only to Geologists; and all may criticise with impunity the career of Moses—provided that they do not employ the shafts of ridicule too freely. Marlowe's strictures on the New Testament—grossly exaggerated by the creature who penned the charges—were made from the literary point of view. We should blame nobody to-day for saying that the language of Revelations is poor and thin when compared with the language of Isaiah. Again, as to the statement that Romanism alone is logical, and that Protestantism has no locus standi,—has not the doctrine been proclaimed again and again in our own day by writers whom we all respect? The charge that Marlowe had announced his intention of coining French crowns is so utterly absurd as to throw discredit upon all the other statements. It must be remembered that the testimony was not upon oath, and that the deponent was a ruffian.]
[680] This is the original title, which has been partly scored through to make way for the following title:—A Note delivered on Whitson eve last of the most horrible blasphemes utteryd by Christofer Marly who within iii dayes after came to a soden and fearfull end of his life.
[681] Words printed in italics are scored through in the MS.
[682] Where lacunæ occur the clauses are unfit for publication.
[683] In the margin are the words "he is layd for,"—i.e., steps are being taken for his apprehension.
[684] Quoted.
An edition of Marlowe cannot be more fitly concluded than by a reprint of Mr. R. H. Horne's noble and pathetic tragedy, The Death of Marlowe (originally published in 1837), one of the few dramatic pieces of the present century that will have any interest for posterity. For permission to reprint this tragedy I am indebted to Mr. Horne's literary executor, Mr. H. Buxton Forman.
| DRAMATIS PERSONÆ. | |
|---|---|
| Christopher Marlowe,Thomas Heywood, | Dramatists and Actors. |
| Thomas Middleton, | Dramatist. |
| Cecilia, | Runaway Wife of the drunkard, Bengough. |
| Jacconot, alias Jack-o'-night | A Tavern Pander and Swashbuckler. |
| Gentlemen, Officers, Servants, &c. | |
Public Gardens—Liberty of the Clink, Southwark.
Enter Marlowe and Heywood.
Heywood.
Marlowe.
Heywood.
Marlowe.
Heywood.
Marlowe.
Heywood.
Marlowe.
Heywood.
Marlowe.
Heywood.
Marlowe.
Heywood.
Enter Cecilia.
Cecilia.
Marlowe.
Cecilia.
Marlowe.
Cecilia.
Marlowe.
Cecilia.
Marlowe.
Cecilia.
Marlowe.
Cecilia.
Marlowe.
Cecilia.
Marlowe.
Cecilia.
Marlowe.
Cecilia.
Marlowe.
Cecilia.
Marlowe.
Cecilia.
Marlowe.
Cecilia.
Exit.
Marlowe.
Exit.
Gravel Lane; Bankside.
Enter Heywood and Middleton.
Middleton.
And yet it may end well, after his fit is over.
Heywood.
But he is earnest in it.
Middleton.
'Tis his habit; a little thunder clears the atmosphere. At present he is spell-bound, and smouldereth in a hot cloud of passion; but when he once makes his way, he will soon disperse his free spirit abroad over the inspired heavens.
Heywood.
I fear me she will sow quick seed of feverish fancies in his mind that may go near to drive him mad.
Middleton.
How so? He knoweth her for what she is, as well as for what she was;—the high-spirited and once virtuous wife of the drunkard Bengough. You remember him?
Heywood.
I have seen him i' the mire. 'Twas his accustomed bed o' nights—and morning, too—many a time. He preferred that to the angel he left at home. Some men do. 'Tis a sorrow to think upon.
Middleton.
And one that tears cannot wash! Master Marlowe hath too deep a reading i' the books of nature to nail his heart upon a gilded weathercock. He is only desperate after the fashion of a pearl diver. When he hath enough he will desist—breathe freely, polish the shells, and build grottoes.
Heywood.
Nay, he persisteth in not knowing her for a courtesan—talks of her purity in burning words, that seem to glow and enhance his love from his convictions of her virtue; then suddenly falls into silent abstraction, looking like a man whose eyes are filled with visions of Paradise. No pains takes she to deceive him; for he supersedes the chance by deceiving himself beyond measure. He either listens not at all to intimation, or insists the contrary.
Middleton.
This is his passionate aggravation or self will: he must know it.
Heywood.
'Tis my belief; but her beauty blinds him with its beams, and drives his exiled reason into darkness.
Middleton.
Here comes one that could enlighten his perception, methinks.
Heywood.
Who's he? Jack-o'-night, the tavern pander and swashbuckler.
Enter Jacconot.
Jacconot.
Save ye, my masters; lusty thoughts go with ye, and a jovial full cup wait on your steps: so shall your blood rise, and honest women pledge ye in their dreams!
Middleton.
Your weighty-pursed knowledge of women, balanced against your squinting knowledge of honesty, Master Jack-o'-night, would come down to earth, methinks, as rapid as a fall from a gallows-tree.
Jacconot.
Well said, Master Middleton—a merry devil and a long-lived one run monkey-wise up your back-bone! May your days be as happy as they're sober, and your nights full of applause! May no brawling mob pelt you, or your friends, when throned, nor hoot down your plays when your soul's pinned like a cockchafer on public opinion! May no learned or unlearned calf write against your knowledge and wit, and no brother paper-stainer pilfer your pages, and then call you a general thief! Am I the only rogue and vagabond in the world?
Middleton.
I' faith, not: nay, an' thou wert, there would be no lack of them i' the next generation. Thou might'st be the father of the race, being now the bodily type of it. The phases of thy villany are so numerous that, were they embodied they would break down the fatal tree which is thine inheritance, and cause a lack of cords for the Thames shipping!
Jacconot.
Don't choke me with compliments!
Heywood (to Middleton).
He seems right proud of this multiplied idea of his latter end.
Jacconot.
Ay; hanging's of high antiquity, and, thereto, of broad modern repute. The flag, the sign, the fruit, the felon, and other high and mighty game, all hang; though the sons of ink and sawdust try to stand apart, smelling civet, as one should say,—faugh! Jewelled caps, ermined cloaks, powdered wigs, church bells, bona-roba bed-gowns, gilded bridles, spurs, shields, swords, harness, holy relics, and salted hogs, all hang in glory! Pictures, too, of rare value! Also music's ministrants,—the lute, the horn, the fiddle, the pipe, the gong, the viol, the salt-box, the tambourine and the triangle, make a dead-wall dream of festive harmonies!
Middleton.
Infernal discords, thou would'st say!
Jacconot (rapidly).
These are but few things among many! for 'scutcheons, scarecrows, proclamations, the bird in a cage, the target for fools' wit, hic jacet tablets (that is, lying ones), the King's Head and the Queen's Arms, ropes of onions, dried herbs, smoked fish, holly boughs, hall lanthorns, framed piety texts, and adored frights of family portraits, all hang! Likewise corkscrews, cat-skins, glittering trophies, sausage links, shining icicles, the crucifix, and the skeleton in chains. There, we all swing, my masters! Tut! hanging's a high Act of Parliament privilege!—a Star-Chamber Garter-right!
Middleton (to Heywood laughingly).
The devil's seed germinates with reptile rapidity, and blossoms and fructifies in the vinous fallows of this bully's brain!
Jacconot.
I tell thee what——(looking off) another time!
Exit Jacconot hastily.
Heywood.
Middleton.
Heywood.
Middleton.
Enter Cecilia, followed by Jacconot.
Jacconot.
Well, well, Mistress St. Cecil; the money is all well enough—I object nothing to the money.
Cecilia.
Then, go your ways.
Jacconot.
My ways are your ways—a murrain on your beauties!—has your brain shot forth skylarks as your eyes do sparks?
Cecilia.
Go!—here is my purse.
Jacconot.
I'll no more of't!—I have a mind to fling back what thou'st already given me for my services.
Cecilia.
Master Jacconot, I would have no further services from thee. If thou art not yet satisfied, fetch the weight and scales, and I will cast my gold into it, and my dross besides—so shall I be doubly relieved.
Jacconot.
I say again—and the devil bear me fierce witness!—it is not gold I want, but rightful favour; not silver, but sweet civility; not dross, but the due respect to my non-pareil value! Bethink thee, Cecil—bethink thee of many things! Ay! am not I the true gallant of my time? the great Glow-worm and Will-o'-the-wisp—the life, the fortune, and the favourite of the brightest among ye!
Cecilia.
Away!
Jacconot.
Whither?
Cecilia.
Anywhere, so it be distant.
Jacconot.
What mean'st by discarding me, and why is it? 'Slud! is this the right sort of return for all my skilful activities, my adroit fascinations of young lords in drink, my tricks at dice, cards, and dagger-play, not to speak too loudly of bets on bear-baits, soap-bubbles, and Shrovetide cocks; or my lies about your beauty and temper? Have I not brought dukes and earls and reverend seniors, on tip-toe, and softly whispering for fear of "the world," right under the balcony of your window?—O, don't beat the dust with your fine foot! These be good services, I think!
Cecilia (half aside).
Alas! alas!—the world sees us only as bright, though baleful stars, little knowing our painful punishments in the dark—our anguish in secret.
Jacconot.
Are you thinking of me?
Cecilia.
Go!
Jacconot.
Go!—a death's-head crown your pillow! May you dream of love, and wake and see that!
Cecilia.
I had rather see't than you.
Jacconot.
What's i' the wind,—nobleman, or gentleman, or a brain fancy—am not I at hand? Are you mad?
Cecilia (overcome).
I'd gladly believe I have been so.
Jacconot.
Good. I'm content you see me aright once more, and acknowledge yourself wrong.
Cecilia (half aside, and tearfully).
O, wrong indeed—very wrong—to my better nature—my better nature.
Jacconot.
And to me, too! Bethink thee, I say, when last year, after the dance at Hampton, thou wert enraged against the noble that slighted thee; and, flushed with wine, thou took'st me by the ear, and mad'st me hand thee into thy coach, and get in beside thee, with a drawn sword in my hand and a dripping trencher on my head, singing such songs, until——
Cecilia.
Earthworms and stone walls!
Jacconot.
Hey! what of them?
Cecilia.
Jacconot (aside).
Cecilia.
Exit.
A Room in the Triple Tun, Blackfriars.
Marlowe, Middleton, and Gentlemen.
Gentleman.
Marlowe.
Middleton.
Marlowe.
Enter Drawer with a tankard.
A Gentleman (rising).
Marlowe.
Gentlemen.
Heywood.
Marlowe.
Middleton.
Heywood.
Marlowe.
(Marlowe throws open a side window that reaches down to the floor, and stands there, looking out.)
Heywood (to Middleton).
Middleton.
(Pointing towards the open window.)
Heywood.
Middleton.
(Heywood and Middleton retire apart—Cecilia is passing by the open window.)
Marlowe.
Cecilia (pausing).
(She steps in through the window.)
Marlowe.
Cecilia.
Marlowe.
Cecilia.
Marlowe.
Cecilia.
Marlowe.
Cecilia (going).
Marlowe.
Cecilia (firmly).
Marlowe.
Cecilia (tenderly).
Marlowe.
Cecilia (firmly).
Marlowe.
Cecilia.
(She turns to look at him—then steps through the Window—Exit.)
Marlowe.
(Heywood and Middleton approach.)
Heywood.
Marlowe.
Street Music.—Jacconot, singing outside.
Middleton.
Marlowe (through his teeth).
Heywood.
Enter Jacconot, with a full tankard.
Jacconot.
Ever awake and shining, my masters! and here am I, your twin lustre, always ready to herald and anoint your pleasures, like a true Master of the Revels. I ha' just stepped over the drawer's body, laid nose and heels together on the door-mat, asleep, and here's wherewith to continue the glory!
Middleton.
We need not your help.
Heywood.
We thank you, Jack-o'-night: we would be alone.
Jacconot.
What say you, Master Marlowe? you look as grim as a sign-painters' first sketch on a tavern bill, after his ninth tankard.
Middleton.
Cease your death-rattle, night-hawk!
Marlowe.
That's well said.
Jacconot.
Is it? So 'tis my gallants—a night-bird like yourselves, am I.
Marlowe.
Beast!—we know you.
Jacconot.
Your merry health, Master Kit Marlowe! I'll bring a loud pair of palms to cheer your soul the next time you strut in red paint with a wooden weapon at your thigh.
Marlowe.
Who sent for you, dorr-hawk?—go!
Jacconot.
Go! Aha!—I remember the word—same tone, same gesture—or as like as the two profiles of a monkey, or as two squeaks for one pinch. Go!—not I—here's to all your healths! One pull more! There, I've done—take it, Master Marlowe; and pledge me as the true knight of London's rarest beauties!
Marlowe.
Jacconot (stooping quickly).
A miss, 'fore-gad!—the wall has got it! See where it trickles down like the long robe of some dainty fair one! And look you here—and there again, look you!—what make you of the picture he hath presented?
Marlowe (staggers as he stares at the wall).
Jacconot (singing).
Marlowe (drawing).
Middleton and Heywood.
Middleton (to Jacconot).
Jacconot (singing at Marlowe).
Marlowe (furiously).
(rushes at Jacconot—they fight—Marlowe disarms him; but Jacconot wrests Marlowe's own sword from his hand, and stabs him—Marlowe falls)
Middleton.
Marlowe (clasping his forehead).
Jacconot.
O, content you, Master Marplot—it's you that's down, drunk or sober; and that's your own blood on your fingers, running from a three-inch groove in your ribs for the devil's imps to slide into you. Ugh! cry gramercy! for it's all over with your rhyming!
Heywood.
Middleton.
Marlowe.
Jacconot.
No such matter; it was my doing. You shouldn't ha' ran at me in that fashion with a real sword—I thought it had been one o' your sham ones.
Middleton.
Away!
Heywood.
Marlowe (delirious.)
Jacconot (half aside.)
Marry, but it can!—or else your sword's a foolish dog that dar'n't bite his owner.
Marlowe.
Jacconot.
There'll be no "encore" to either, I wot; for thou'st led an ill life, Master Marlowe; and so the sweet Saint thou spok'st of, will remain my fair game—behind the scenes.
Marlowe.
Middleton.
Heywood.
Jacconot (aghast.)
'Twas dreadful—'twas! Christ help us! and lull him to sleep in's grave. I stand up for mine own nature none the less. (Voices without) What noise is that?
Enter Officers.
Chief Officer.
This is our man—ha! murder has been here! You are our prisoner—the gallows waits you!
Jacconot.
What have I done to be hung up like a miracle? The hemp's not sown nor the ladder-wood grown, that shall help fools to finish me! He did it himself! He said so with his last words!—there stands his friends and brother players—put them to their Testament if he said not he did it himself?
Chief Officer.
Middleton.
Jacconot.
"Caitiff" back again in your throat! and "gross nothing" to boot—may you have it to live upon for a month, and die mad and starving! Would'st swear my life away so lightly? Tut! who was he? I could always find the soundings of a quart tankard, or empty a pasty in half his time, and swear as rare oaths between whiles—who was he? I too ha' write my odes and Pindar jigs with the twinkling of a bedpost, to the sound of the harp and hurdygurdy, while Capricornus wagged his fiery beard; I ha' sung songs to the faint moon's echoes at daybreak and danced here away and there away, like the lightning through a forest! As to your sword and dagger play, I've got the trick o' the eye and wrist—who was he? What's all his gods—his goddesses and lies?—the first a'nt worth a word; and for the two last, I was always a prince of both! "Caitiff!" and "beast!" and "nothing!"—who was he?
Chief Officer.
Jacconot (after a pause).
Then may Vice and I sit crown'd in heaven, while Law and Honesty stalk damned through hell! Now do I see the thing very plain!—treachery—treachery, my masters! I know the jade that hath betrayed me—I know her. 'Slud! who cares? She was a fine woman, too—a rare person—and a good spirit; but there's an end of all now—she's turned foolish and virtuous, and a tell-tale, and I am to be turned to dust through it—long, long before my time: and these princely limbs must go make a dirt-pie—build up a mud hut—or fatten an alderman's garden! There! calf-heads—there's a lemon for your mouths! Heard'st ever such a last dying speech and confession! Write it in red ochre on a sheet of Irish, and send it to Mistress Cecily for a death-winder. I know what you've got against me—and I know you all deserve just the same yourselves—but lead on, my masters!
Exeunt Jacconot and Officers.
Middleton.
Heywood (bending over the body.)
(A shriek outside the house).
Middleton.
Heywood (as if awaking).
Middleton.
Cecilia rushes in.
Cecilia.
Middleton.