Page 168.  Public: The Castle Tavern, Holborn, kept by Tom Belcher—the “Daffy Club”.—169. “Here’s a health to old honest John Bull:” The verses were taken from a rare old volume entitled: The Norwich Minstrel, p. 30, (See Bibliog.):—

“HONEST JOHN BULL.”

“Here’s a health to ‘Old honest John Bull’;
   When he’s gone we shan’t find such another;
With hearts and with glasses brim full,
   We’ll drink to ‘Britannia, his mother’;
For she gave him a good education,
   Bade him keep to his God and his King,
Be loyal and true to the nation,
   And then to get merry and sing.

“For John is a good-natured fellow,
   Industrious, honest and brave;
Not afraid of his betters when mellow,
   For betters he knows he must have.
There must be fine lords and fine ladies,
   There must be some little, some great;
Their wealth the support of our trade is,
   Our trade the support of the State.

“Some were born for the court and the city,
   And some for the village and cot;
For it would be a dolorous ditty,
   If we were born ‘equal in lot’.
If our ships had no pilots to steer,
   What would come of poor Jack on the shrouds?
Or our troops no commanders to fear,
   They would soon be arm’d robbers in crowds.

“The plough and the loom would stand still,
   If we were made gentlefolks all;
If clodhoppers—who then would fill
   The parliament, pulpit or hall?
‘Rights of Man’ makes a very fine sound,
   ‘Equal riches’ a plausible tale;
Whose labourers would then till the ground?
   All would drink, but who’d brew the ale?

“Half naked and starv’d, in the streets
   We should wander about, sans culottes;
Would Liberty find us in meats,
   Or Equality lengthen our coats?
That knaves are for levelling, don’t wonder,
   We may easily guess at their views;
Pray, who’d gain the most by the plunder?
   Why, they that have nothing to lose.

“Then away with this nonsense and stuff,
   Full of treason, confusion and blood;
Every Briton has freedom enough
   To be happy as long as he’s good.
To be rul’d by a glorious king,
   To be govern’d by jury and laws;
Then let us be happy and sing,
   ‘This, this, is true Liberty’s cause’.”

Page 174.  Haik, read Haïk: Armenian.—178. Conqueror of Tippoo Sahib: General Harris (1791).—181. March: The exact date was discovered by me in private letters in Norwich.  See Life, i., p. 91.  George left Norwich on the evening of 1st April, 1824, and consequently reached London early on the morning of 2nd April.—182. Lodging: No. 16 Millman Street, Bedford Row.—185. The publisher: Sir Richard Phillips.—185. Mr. so-and-so: Taylor of Norwich.—186. The Magazine: The Monthly Magazine; or, British Register.—187. The Oxford Review: The Universal Review; or, Chronicle of the Literature of all Nations.  No. 1, March, 1824, to No. 6, January, 1825.  See also pp. 190, 203 and ff.—191. Red Julius, called elsewhere by Borrow Iolo Goch: A Welsh bard of the fifteenth century.—193. Cæsar’s Castle: The Tower of London.—194 and 423. Blessed Mary Flanders: Defoe’s Moll Flanders, See Bibliog. at the end of Romany Rye.—197. Booksellers’ shop: The shop was a depository of the Religious Tract Society, the publishers of Legh Richmond’s Annals of the Poor, of which the first section was the Dairyman’s Daughter (pp. 101).—203. Newly married: Richard, Jr., m. Feb., 1823.—204. “Newgate Lives”: The true title was: Celebrated Trials, and Remarkable Cases of Criminal Jurisprudence, from the earliest records to the year 1825, Lond., 1825 (February), 6 vols. 8vo.—205. Translator of “Faustus”: Faust, a Drama by Goethe, and Schiller’s Song of the Bell; translated by Lord Francis Leveson Gower, Lond., J. Murray, 1823, 8vo; 2nd ed., enlarged, ibid., 1825, 2 vols. 8vo.—208. Translator of Quintilian: I doubt whether this was John Carey, LL.D. (1756-1826), who published an edition of Quintilian, 1822, but no translation.  My information is positive that it was Wm. Gifford, translator of Juvenal, 1802, 3rd ed. 1817.—215. Oxford: This constant satirising of the great English university in connection with the publisher’s theory, doubtless grew out of a series of articles printed in the Magazine during the years ’23 and ’24, and which may be summarised by this notice in vol. lvi., p. 349: “In a few days will appear a series of Dialogues between an Oxford Tutor and a Disciple of the new Commonsense Philosophy; in which the mechanical principles of matter and motion will be accurately contrasted with the theories of occult powers which are at present cherished by the Universities and Royal Associations throughout Europe”.—220. Churchyard: St. Giles churchyard where Capt. Borrow was buried on the 4th of March previous.—220. A New Mayor: Inexact.  Robert Hawkes was mayor of Norwich in 1822.  Therefore he was now ex-mayor—220. Man with a Hump: Thomas Osborn Springfield, was not a watchmaker so far as is known in Norwich, but “carried on the wholesale silk business, having almost a monopoly of the market” (Bayne’s Norwich, p. 588).—221. Painter of the heroic: Benjamin Robert Haydon (1785-1846).—224. Norman Arch: The grand entrance and exit to the Norwich Cathedral, west side.—225. Snap: The Snap-Dragon of Norwich is the Tarasque of the south of France, and the Tarasca of Corpus day in Spain.  It represents a Dragon or monster with hideous jaws, supported by men concealed, all but their legs, within its capacious belly, and carried about in civic processions prior to the year 1835; even now it is seen on Guy Fawkes’ day, the 5th of November.—Whiffler: An official character of the old Norwich Corporation, strangely uniformed and accoutred, who headed the annual procession on Guildhall day, flourishing a sword in a marvellous manner.  All this was abolished on the passage of the Municipal Reform Act in 1835.  As a consequence, says a contemporaneous writer, “the Aldermen left off wearing their scarlet gowns, Snap was laid up on a shelf in the ‘Sword Room’ in the Guildhall, and the Whifflers no longer danced at the head of the procession in their picturesque costume.  It was a pretty sight, and their skill in flourishing their short swords was marvellous to behold.”  See Romany Rye, pp. 349-50.—Billy Blind and Owlenglass (Till Eulenspiegel): See Bibliography.—228. Brandt and Struensee: For High-Treason in Denmark, 1772.  See Celebrated Trials, iv., p. 465; and for Richard Patch (“yeoman Patch”), 1805, vol. v., p. 584.—229. Lord Byron: The remains of the poet lay in state from Friday 9th July, 1824, in Sir Edward Knatchbull’s house, Great George Street, to Monday the 12th when they were conveyed to Hucknall-Torkard in Nottinghamshire.  On that day (12th July) Borrow witnessed the procession as described in the text.—233. Carolan’s Receipt: Torlough (i.e., Charles) O’Carolan, the celebrated Irish harper and bard, was born at Nobber, Co. Meath, in 1670, and died in 1738.  See Alfred Webb’s Compendium of Irish Biography, Dublin, 1878, p. 372; J. C. Walker’s Irish Bards, 1786, App., pp. 86-87, and Dict. of Nat. Biog., xli., p. 343.  The “Receipt” in Irish is in Walker, and at the end of Vallancey’s Irish Grammar, second ed., Dublin, 1781. [565]  Here is the translation given in Walker:—

“When by sickness or sorrow assail’d,
   To the mansion of Stafford I hie’d
His advice or his cordial ne’er fail’d
   To relieve me—nor e’er was denied.

“At midnight our glasses went round,
   In the morning a cup he would send;
By the force of his wit he has found
   That my life did on drinking depend.

“With the spirit of Whiskey inspir’d,
   By my Harp e’en the pow’r is confess’d;
’Tis then that my genius is fir’d,
   ’Tis then I sing sweetest and best.

“Ye friends and ye neighbours draw near,
   Attend to the close of my song;
Remember, if life you hold dear,
   That drinking your life will prolong.”

Curiously enough among the subscribers to the Romantic Ballads, Norwich, 1826, we find these names: (p. 185) “F. Arden, Esq., London, five copies,” “T. G. O’Donnahoo, Esq., London, five copies;” (p. 187) “Mr. J. Turner, London”.

Page 244. The Review: The Review actually ceased January, 1825, with its sixth number.—268. Laham: In Heb. bread is lèhem; but our author probably wrote it by sound.  Z’hats is the acc. of hats, the Arm. for bread; for as Borrow’s source, old Villotte (1714), says: “Accusativus præfigit nominativo literam z”.—270 and 286. Mesroub, read Miesrob, who, about a.d. 450 introduced the Armenian alphabet.  271. Sea in Arm. is dzow.  See Romany Rye, p. 356—281. Adelánte (Span.): Come in.—281. Bueno (Span.): Good.  This sound of the word bueno, heard in 1825 from the Jew Manasseh, was brought to Borrow’s memory in 1836 when he met the Jew Abarbanel on the roads in Spain.  See B. in S., p. 65, sm. ed.—282. Una vez, etc. (Span.): On one occasion when he was intoxicated.—282. Goyim (Heb.): Nations, Gentiles.—282. Lasan akhades, read Lâshôn haqqôdesh: Sacred language, i.e., Hebrew.—282. Janin: Wine in Heb. is yâyim (not yânin), but our author quoted correctly from the Dialoghi di Amore composti per Leone Medico, Vinegia, 1541, and the Span. ed. (which I use): Los Dialogos de Amor de mestre Leon Abarbanel medico y Filosofo excelente, Venetia, 1568, sm. 410 (Bodleian).  The passage is: “And he (Noah), after the flood, was called Janus on account of his invention of wine, for Janin in Hebrew signifies wine, and he is represented with two faces turned in opposite directions, because he saw before the flood and after it”. [566]  G. B. always writes Abarbenel for Abarbanel.  His true name was Leo Abrabanel.—282. Janinoso (Judæo-Span.) meaning vinosus, intoxicated.—283. Epicouraiyim: Christians, as below, the “Epicureans,” for so the rabbis of the East call us in the West—properly, “unbelievers”.  But Borrow’s form is not found in Buxtorf (1869)—read [unknown Hebrew text] Epikûrôsîn and (pop.) Epikûrîn.—285. Sephardim: Spanish and Portuguese Jews, as the Ashkenazim are the German Jews.—290 to 301. I am at . . .: Greenwich, Blackheath and Shooter’s Hill (301).—304. Colonel B. . . .: Col. Blood.  See Celebrated Trials, vol. ii., pp. 248-354: “Thomas Blood, generally called Colonel Blood, who stole the crown from the Tower of London, 1671”.—317. Got fare to . . ., read Amesbury, Wilts.—323. City of the Spire: Salisbury.—325. From . . ., read Bristol.—330. Stranger: Could not be William Beckford (1759-1844) of Fonthill Park, three miles from Hinton, a dozen or fifteen miles from Salisbury.  Besides the place was sold in 1822 and George Mortimer occupied it in 1825.  Borrow had been walking five days in a N.W. direction from Salisbury, and all his narrative harmonises with the places and dates that bring him to Horncastle in August, 1825—362. Abedariums, read abecedariums.—363. Flaming Tinman: He is also called by Borrow, Blazing Tinman, Flying Tinker, Blazing Bosville or Boswell, and finally Anselo Herne, his true clan-name.—367. Ten years ago, i.e., thirteen, when he was at Tamworth in April or May, 1812.—377. The Romany chi, etc.: See p. 387 for the translation.—379. Answer to the gillie: The Rommany churl and the Rommany girl love thieving and spaeing and lying and everything but honesty and truth.—390. Peth yw, etc. (W.): What is that lying there on the ground?  Yn wirionedd, in truth, surely.—390. Gwenwyn: Poison!  Poison! the lad has been poisoned!—394. Hanged the mayor: The suppressed name of the Welshman and the whole account of the affair is given in Wild Wales, p. 7 (chapter iii).—404. Bardd Cwsg: The Sleeping Bard, by Ellis Wynn.  See Bibliog.—421. Merddin Wyllt (Myrddin): i.e., Wild Merlin, called the Wizard.—423. Found written: See Moll Flanders by Defoe, p. 188, ed. 1722: “Oh! what a felicity is it to mankind,” said I, “that they cannot see into the hearts of one another!”  I have carefully re-read the whole volume of Moll Flanders, and find no such passages as those referred to here, save the one above.  Hence, we may justly infer that Borrow quoted the spirit, rather than the words, of his author.  See Romany Rye, pp. 305-6.—431. Catraeth, read Cattraeth.  The reference is to Aneurin’s book, the Gododin, or Battle of Cattraeth.  See Bibliog.—432. Fish or flesh: See Borrow’s Targum, St. Petersb., 1835, p. 76, under the “History of Taliesin,” ending:—

“I saw the end with horror
Of Sodom and Gomorrah!
And with this very eye
Have seen the [Trinity];
I till the judgment day
Upon the earth shall stray:
None knows for certainty
Whether fish or flesh I be.”

The original Welsh of the “Hanes Taliesin” is in the Gorchestion Beirdd Cymru, 1773—Bibliog. at the end of Romany Rye.—432. Take this: This Bible, with Peter Williams’ name in it, was sold in London in 1886 out of Geo. Borrow’s collection.—443. Mumpers’ Dingle: Near Willenhall, Staffordshire.  The place is properly Momber or Monmer Lane, and is now occupied by the “Monmer Lane Ironworks,” hence totally obliterated.—444. Volundr (Völundr): The Wayland Smith of Northern legends.  See in the Bibliog. under “Wayland Smith,” and Mallet, p. 570.—456. Ingeborg: The lines are from the Romantic Ballads of 1826, p. 58, entitled the “Heroes of Dovrefeld.  From the old Danish.”—456. “As I was jawing:” Text and translation of the whole eight lines are found on pp. 182-83 of the Lavo-Lil, 1874:—

Adrey, in.

Kaulomescro, blacksmith.

printed by
hazell, watson and viney, ld.,
london and aylesbury

[0a]  We are all relations, all alike; all who are with us are ourselves.

[0b]  Chal is simply the contraction of chavál, a form cognate with chavoró the diminutive of chavó, a lad.  Chavál is still common in Spain, both among the Gypsies and the lower orders of Spaniards.—Ed.

[1a]  MS., “On the fifth day of July, 1803, at East D---, a beautiful little town in the western division of Norfolk, I first saw the light”.

[1b]  “In Cornwall are the best gentlemen.”—Corn. Prov.

[2a]  MS., “after being insulted by him”.

[2b]  So in MSS.; “manly,” an erratum.

[3]  MS., “Orford”.

[13]  Norwegian ells—about eight feet.

[23]  MS., “in regimental slang”.

[34]  MS., “Ambrose” throughout the book.

[81]  MS., “like the philologist Scaliger, who, though acquainted with the exact value of every word in the Latin language, could see no beauty in the ‘Enchantments of Canidia,’ the masterpiece of the prince of Roman poets.  What knew he,” etc.

[112]  MS. note: “Written in 1843”.

[115]  MS., “à Monsieur Peyrecourt” or “Pierrecourt”.

[126]  MS., “Simpson”.

[137]  Klopstock.

[158]  MS., “John Thurtell”.

[185]  MS., “Bartlett”.

[187]  MS.,  “Saviour”.

[190]  MS., “High Tory principles”.

[201]  MS., “Arden” throughout.

[210]  The MS. develops this paragraph as follows:—

So Francis Ardry called upon me, and right glad I was that he did so; and after we had sat conversing for some time, he said, “Did you ever see Kean?”

“No,” said I, “but I have heard both of him and of Belcher.  I should like to see either, especially the latter.  Where are they to be found?”

“I know nothing of the latter,” said Frank, “but if you wish to see Kean, you had better come with me where he will appear to-night after a long absence.  The public are anxiously waiting for him, intending to pelt him off the stage.”

“And what has he done,” said I, “to be pelted off the stage?”

“What is very naughty,” said Frank; “breaking one of the commandments.”

“And did he break the commandment on the stage?”

“No,” said Frank, “I never heard that he broke it on the stage, except in the way of his profession.”

“Then, what have the public to do with the matter?”

“They think they have,” said Frank.

And then we went out together to see Shakespeare’s “Richard,” or rather we went to see the man who was to personate Shakespeare’s “Richard”—and so did thousands; we did not see him, however.  There was a great tumult, I remember, in the theatre.  The man who was to perform the part of Richard, and who it was said was the best hand for interpreting the character that had ever appeared on the stage, had a short time before been involved in a disgraceful affair, and this was to be his first appearance on the stage since the discovery.  The consequence was that crowds flocked to the theatre with the firm intention of expressing their indignation.  “We will pelt his eyes out,” said a man who sat beside me in the pit—for we sat in the pit—and who bore the breach of all the commandments in his face.  The actor in question, however, who perhaps heard the threats which were vented against him, very prudently kept out of the way, and the manager coming forward informed the public that another would perform the part—whereupon there was a great uproar.  “We have been imposed upon,” said the individual who sat beside me.  “I came here for nothing else than to pelt that scoundrel off the stage.”  The uproar, however, at length subsided, and the piece commenced.  In a little time there was loud applause.  The actor who had appeared in place of the other was performing.  “What do you clap for?” said I to the individual by my side, who was clapping most of all.  “What do I clap for?” said the man.  “Why, to encourage Macready, to be sure.  Don’t you see how divinely he acts? why, he beats Kean hollow.  Besides that, he’s a moral man, and I like morality.”  “Do you mean to say,” said I, “that he was never immoral?”  “I neither know nor care,” said the man; “all I know is that he has never been found out.  It will never do to encourage a public man who has been found out.  No, no! the morality of the stage must be seen after.”

[212]  MS. “Charlie” and “Charlie’s” throughout.

[222]  The MS. adds: “‘It will, perhaps, be as well, first of all, to go to the exhibition of British art, which is at present open.  I hear he has a picture there, which he has just finished.  We will look at it, and from that you may form a tolerable estimate of his powers.’  Thereupon my brother led the way, and we presently found ourselves in the Gallery of British Art.”

[231]  Arden throughout the MS.

[232]  The text is: “Malheur, as the French say, that it is so choked”.

[235]  “Bishop Sharpe,” a pugilist of that name and time.

[236]  Three are after my death.

[249]  MS. (apparently) “L---,” but see p. 276.

[250a]  MS., “is quite as rational an amusement as politics”.

[250b]  Le Noir in MS. A, and in Rom. Rye, app.

[251a]  MS., “L---,” or “T.”

[251b]  MS., “Canning”.

[350]  MS., “The Times”.

[484]  MS. “Lord A[berdeen]”.

[553]  The one sole emendation consists in substituting the masc. cheval for the fem. jument, on p. 314.  Le jument est beau was a solecism that could not longer be tolerated.

[555]  Boxiana, ii., 497.

[565]  Beginning—

Mas tinn no slán atharlaigheas féin,
Do ghluàis me trá, agus bfhéirde mé,
Air cuáirt an Seóin le sócal dfhághail,
“An Stafartach saímh, nach gnáth gan chéill.”

[566]  “El qual (Noé) despues del diluuio, por su inuencion del uino, fue lhamado lano, porque Ianin en ebràico quiere dezir uino, y lo pintan con dos caras boltadas, porque tuuo uista antes del diluuio y despues” (Foja 71, verso).