Uladislaus crowned king of Hungary, ii. 105;
violates his treaty with the Turks, ib.;
its fatal results, ib.

Urban VI. aids Charles of Durazzo in his designs on Joanna of Naples, i. 487;
sanctions perjury towards heretics, ii. 210 note ^c;
his contest with Clement VII., 240;
validity of his election, 241.

Urgel (count of), lays claim to the crown of Aragon, ii. 40, 41;
rejection of his pretensions, 42;
consequences of his unwise resort to arms, ib.

Usury treated as a crime, iii. 337, 339 note ^c.

Valencia, constitution of the kingdom of, ii. 57.

Valentinian III., authority of the holy see extended by, ii. 161.

Vandals, portions of the Roman empire possessed by the, i. 1.

Vase of Soissons, story of the, i. 155;
principle involved in the anecdote, 301, 302 and note ^p.

Vassals and Vassalage. See Feudal System.

Vavassors, privileges attaching to the rank of, i. 194 and note ^b;
their manorial courts, 219.

Venice, conflicts of, with Genoa, i. 444;
defeat of her admiral by the Genoese, 445;
insolence of the latter towards her ambassadors, 446;
successful tactics of her doge, 447;
triumph of her fleet, 448;
her alleged early independence, 452;
her subjection to the emperors, 453 and note ⁿ;
her Dalmatian and Levantine acquisitions, 454;
her government: powers of the doge, 455;
the great council, 456;
criminal jurisdiction, how exercised, 457;
checks to undue influence on the part of the doge, 458;
singular complication in ballots for the dogeship, 459;
Marin Falieri's treason, 460;
the council of ten and its secret proceedings, 460, 461;
exclusion of the nobles from trade, 461 note ^y;
Venetian form of government not entitled to high admiration, 462, 463 and note;
territorial acquisitions of Venice, 464;
prophecy of the doge Mocenigo, 465, 466 and note;
Venetian conquests under Carmagnola, 466;
wars of the republic with Mahomet II., 493, 495.

Vere, favouritism of Richard II. towards, iii. 66;
his funeral, 74.

Verona, seized by Francesco da Carrara, i. 464.

Vienna, Æneas Sylvius's florid description of, iii. 345 note ^u.

Villani (John) falls a victim to the plague, i. 57 note.

Villeins and villenage: conditions of villeins, i. 199;
consequences of their marriage with free persons, 200, and 201 note ^b;
privileges acquired by them, 201, 202 and notes;
their obligations, 331;
their legal position in England, 333;
villenage never established in Leon and Castile, ii. 6;
question of its existence among the Anglo-Saxons, 276;
dependence of the villein on his lord, iii. 171;
condition of his property and children, 172 and note ^b;
legal distinctions, 172 and notes;
difficulties besetting the abolition of villenage, 173;
gradual softening of its features, 174-176;
merger of villeins into hired labourers, 177;
effects of the anti-poll-tax insurrection, 181;
disappearance of villenage, 181, 182;
elucidatory notes on the subject, 260-264.

Virgin, absurd miracles ascribed to the, iii. 300 note.

Visconti and Torriani families, rivalry of the, i. 409, 410;
triumph of the Visconti, 410;
their power and unpopularity, 411;
their marriages with royalty, 412 and note ^e;
tyranny of Bernabo Visconti, 439;
Giovanni Visconti's brutality, ib.;
his assassination, 466;
Filippo Visconti's accession, ib.;
his ingratitude to Carmagnola, ib.;
his mistrust of Sforza, 482;
his alliance with Alfonso, 492;
quarrels of the family with the popes, ii. 235.

Wages, futility of laws for the regulation of, iii. 178.
See Labourers.

Waldenses. See Religious Sects.

Wales, causes of the turbulent state of, iii. 169 note.

Walworth, and Philpot made stewards of a subsidy (temp. Richard II.), iii. 59;
allegations relative to their stewardship, 60.

Wamba (king of the Visigoths), question of his deposition discussed, ii. 156.

War, private, exercise of the right of, i. 207;
by whom checked and suppressed, ib. and note ^t;
its prevalence amongst the German nobles, ii. 95, 96.

Warna, circumstances which led to the battle of, ii. 105.

Warwick (earl of), popularity of the, iii. 65;
made a lord appellant, 72;
banished by Richard II., 77.

Water-Ordeal. See Ordeals.

Wenceslaus, confirmed in the imperial succession, ii. 87;
his deposition, ib.;
he abets the league of the Rhine, 93.

Weregild, or compensation for murder. See Murder.

Wicliff (John), influence of the tenets of, ii. 252;
iii. 179 and note ^t, 388, 389.

Widows in Burgundy, reason for the speedy remarriage of, i. 93 note ^x.

Wilfrid (bishop of Hexham), question involved in his appeal to the pope, ii. 164 note ^t.

William of Holland elected emperor of Germany, ii. 76.

William the Conqueror, separation of the ecclesiastical and civil tribunals by, ii. 222 and note ^a;
position of England at its conquest by him, 302;
his considerate treatment of Edgar, ib. note ^b;
alleged inadequacy of the military forces of the Saxons, 303 note;
their fruitless rebellions against him, 304 and notes;
instances of his oppressive conduct, 305;
his devastating clearances for forests, 311;
and inhuman forest laws, 312 and note;
his enormous revenues, 313;
his feudal innovations, 314;
his preservation of public peace and efforts to learn English, 315 and note;
policy of his manorial grants, 317;
tyranny of his government, 318.

Winchester, early opulence and populousness of, iii. 225.

Windsor castle, labourers for the erection of, how procured, iii. 150.

Winfrid (St. Boniface), importance of the ecclesiastical changes effected by, ii. 164.

Wisbuy, ordinances of, iii. 334 and note ^a.

Witchcraft, cruel treatment of persons charged with, iii. 385 note ^c.

Witikind, acknowledgment of Charlemagne's authority by, i. 10.

Witenagemot, bishops appointed by the, ii. 180;
its characteristics, 279;
how often assembled, 411, 412.
See Anglo-Saxons.

Women, legal position of, in Italy during coverture, i. 152 note ^z;
perils attending their marriage with slaves, 200 note ^a.

Woollen manufacture established in Flanders, iii. 318;
impolitic regulations respecting it, 319 and note ^c;
export of wool from England, 320;
English woollen manufacture, 321;
policy adopted towards the Flemings, ib. and note ^o;
laws relative to the trade, 322;
relations of England and Spain regarding it, 323 notes.

Worms, diet of. See Diet.

Wykeham (bishop of Winchester) invested with the great seal, iii. 73.

York (Richard, duke of) appointed protector to Henry VI., iii. 191;
his claim to the throne, 194;
his cautious policy 195.

Yorkists and Lancastrians, wars of the, iii. 197.

Zimisces (John), military exploits of, ii. 126.

Zisca (John), the blind hero, victories of the Bohemians under, i. 481;
his exploits; enthusiasm of his followers, ii. 103.

THE END.

LONDON: PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, STAMFORD STREET, AND CHARING CROSS.

Transcribers note:
In the original work the footnotes were alphabetical. This has been preserved in the html version but for ease of searching they have been converted to numerics in the text version.