—— Number discharged from the eight Gaols in the Metropolis in a period of four years:

—— Discharged from 1792 to 1799:

—— Tried at the Old Bailey from Sept. 1790 to 1791, 394

—— Tried at the Old Bailey from April 1793 to 1794, 448

—— Tried in the year 1795, their Crimes and Sentences, 446, 447

—— Committed annually for trial in the Metropolis from 2,500, to 3,000, 96

Prisons in the Metropolis, 331, 582

Prosecutor for the Crown—The Utility of such an Establishment, 21, 26
The injury occasioned by the want of it in defeating Justice, 426, 427
A severe Burden on the subject to prosecute, 426
Further Reasons in favour of the Proposition, 430, 432, 539

Prostitutes—Their unhappy Situation, and the dreadful consequences of it, Cap. XII., 333
The evil cannot be prevented, but may be alleviated, 337
Number of Prostitutes of various classes estimated at 50,000, 340
Proposals for regulating them not inconsistent either with Religion or Morality, 343
The Example of Holland and India quoted, 345

Public Houses, vide Alehouses.

Punishments—defeat their ends by too much Severity, 6
Death should be inflicted as seldom as possible, ibid.
Disproportionate to the Offences, 6, n., 8
A Definition of Punishments, 29
Should be proportioned to the Offence, &c., 29, 30
The objects of inflicting Punishments, ibid.
General Rules relative to Punishments, 32, 33
The Severity of Punishments exposed, 34, 35, 36, 94
Punishments examined as they apply to the various Offences known in the English Law, 38, 39, &c.
Punishments by the new Code of the Emperor Joseph, 60, 63
Marquis Beccaria's Opinion and Maxims, 53, n.
The System of Punishments fully considered, Cap. XVI., 434-500
Punishments inflicted on various Offences by the English Law, 437, 438, 439, &c. &c.
Punishments as now regulated tend to increase Crimes, (See Convicts), 449-452

Q.

Quarter Sessions of the Peace:

—— and General Sessions of Middlesex, in certain Cases, act under a Commission of Oyer and Terminer, 445

—— Held in London, eight times a year, 428

—— in Westminster, four times a year, ibid.

—— in Middlesex, eight times a year, ibid.

—— in Tower Liberty, eight times a year, ibid.

—— in Surry, four times a year, ibid.

Quays—Plunder committed upon—See River Plunder.

R.

Rape, Laws Relative, to it in England, Death by 18 Eliz. c. 7, 47
The Egyptian Law relative to this Crime, ib.
The Athenian ditto, ib.
The Roman ditto, ib.
The Jewish ditto, ib.

Receivers of Stolen Property:
Receivers of Cash, or Bank Notes, not punishable, 8
nor of Horses and Cattle, 9, n.
3000 estimated to be in the Metropolis, 10
The greatest encouragers of Thieves, 9
Their wonderful increase in the last 20 years, 12
Restraints upon them a public benefit, 13, 14, 104
Make previous contracts with Thieves, 103, 291
Hostlers at Watering Houses often Receivers of Corn, &c., 88
Journeymen Butchers receive Cattle, 104
Receivers considered separately, Cap. VIII., 288, 308, &c.
The chief cause of Public Depredation, 289
The different Classes detailed, 292, 293
By 3 and 4 William and Mary, c. 9. made Accessaries after the fact, 294
By 4 Geo. I. c. 11. punishable by Transportation for fourteen Years, 295, 301
The Laws enumerated relative to Receivers, and their defects pointed out, 293, 301
A proposition to make the Receiving Stolen Goods an original Offence, 302
Remedies proposed under eight different heads by regulating certain Classes of Dealers, 303, 307
A System of inspection recommended, 308
Applied to for their assistance in recovering valuable Property which is stolen, 384

Religion, Places of Public Worship in the Metropolis, 568

Register of delinquency proposed to be kept by the Central Board of Police, 554

Remedies for Evils mentioned in this Work:
To remove the Imperfections in the Criminal Code, 24
To improve the System of the Hulks, 27
To improve also the Mode of Transportation, and the Employment of Convicts, 481, &c.
To establish National Penitentiary Houses, 457, 460
To improve the System in granting Licences to Public Houses—See Alehouses.
To regulate Dealers in Old Iron, Metals, Stores, Old Wearing Apparel, Founders of Metals, &c. by Licence, 304
To improve the Laws relative to the prevention of Pillage and Plunder in the River Thames—See River Plunder.
To improve the Laws relative to the prevention of Frauds, Embezzlements, Pillage and Plunder in Ships of War, and Transports, and in the Naval and other public Arsenals (See Dock-yards), 26, 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258
To prevent Highway Robberies and Burglaries, 103
To prevent the Coinage of base Money, and the Sale and Circulation of the same, 190, 211
To prevent the evil effects of the Devices of Cheats, Swindlers, Gamblers and fraudulent Persons, viz.
Swindlers in general, 113, 150
Fraudulent Pawnbrokers, 109
Hawkers and Pedlars, 116
Puffing diurnal Auctioneers, 117
Puffing Money Lenders, 118
Illegal Lottery Insurers, 151, 162
Itinerant Jews, 147, 148
Various Classes of Cheats and Swindlers, &c. with Cautions to Tradesmen and others to beware of them, 131
A general Remedy proposed, 131, 132
To prevent the evil of receiving Stolen Goods, and through this medium the Commission of Robberies, Burglaries, Thefts, Larcenies, Embezzlements, Frauds and Swindling, &c. under eight different heads, 302, 303, 304, &c.
To prevent Justice from being defeated in the apprehension of Offenders, by Rewards to Officers and others apprehending them (See Rewards), 392, 393
To prevent Frauds in the trial of Offenders by appointing a Prosecutor for the Crown, 21, 26
To proportion all punishments to the nature of the Offence, and to abolish sanguinary and severe Punishments, 28, 29, 59, 60
To improve the System with regard to Pardons—(See Pardons), 27
To improve the System of Police for the Metropolis, by establishing a Fund for Rewards, 509, 512
To establish a concurrent Jurisdiction over the whole of the Metropolis, 419, 420
To establish Police Magistrates in London, 513, n.
To establish a Board of Police as a centre point, where a responsible superintending agency, under the Secretary of State for the Home Department, should be pledged to attend to the great outlines of the Police of the Metropolis—(See Police), 25, 26
A System for the more easy recovery of small Debts, 584, 585, 586, 587
To improve the Municipal Police, by extending the same Laws, Penalties and Punishments to every part of the Metropolis, 599, &c.
General View of all the Remedies proposed in this Work, against the existing Evils which at present infest the Metropolis, Ch. XX. p. 602, &c.

Restraints imposed on Criminal People cannot affect the Liberty of the Subject, 13
Those already established to obtain Revenue, severer, 14

Revenue of the Customs greatly injured by River Plunder, 241, n.

Rewards—To be given by Magistrates in order to enable them to detect offenders—The utility explained, 509-511
Rewards necessary to all classes of Public Officers of Justice, for the purpose of exciting vigilance, 409, 410
Rewards granted at present for ten specific Offences, detailed, 390, 391
Amount paid by Sheriffs from 1786 to 1797, £.94,430, 393, n.
Rewards paid on Prosecutions at the Old Bailey from Sept. 1790 to 1791, 394, 395
Small Rewards recommended for detecting inferior Offences, 393, 394
The quantum of the Reward to be left to the discretion of the Judge, and allowed according to the merit of the parties, whether there is a conviction or not, 393, 396
Rewards proposed for the detection of Coiners and Utterers of Base Money, 207
For the detection of Plunderers in the Dock-yards, 272

River Plunder, its amazing extent, probably not less than Half a Million per annum, Cap. VIII., 215, 237, 238, 239
Yet not exceeding 15s. per Cent. on the value of the Property exposed, 215, 216, & table
13,000 Vessels and more discharge and receive three millions of Packages annually in the River, 217
Various classes of River Plunderers.

River Pirates, (particular instances of their audacious Depredations), 218, 220
Night Plunderers, 220, 223
Light Horsemen, or nightly Plunderers of West India Ships, 223, 226
Heavy Horsemen, or Lumpers, 226, 227
Game Watermen, ibid.
Game Lightermen, 228, 231
Mud-Larks, 230
Revenue Officers, 231, 232
Scuffle-hunters, 233, 234
Copemen, or Receivers, 235, 236
See further Marine Police.

Robberies and Burglaries—not prevented by the Police System of 1792, and the reason why, 509
Chiefly for want of giving small Rewards, 510

Robbery, defined, 54

Roman Laws, relative to Murder, Theft, 41, 51

S.

Salaries, proposed to be increased to the Servants of the Crown, on the abolition of Perquisites, 282

Sartine, M. de, Minister of Police in Paris, two singular Anecdotes of, 525, 526, &c.

Saxon Laws relative to Murder, 44

Schools in the Metropolis, 569

Scuffle-hunters, A class of Labourers who hunt after Work when Ships are discharging, chiefly with a view to plunder, 233, 234

Sequin of Turkey, counterfeited in London, 18, 184, 190

Servants—Corrupted by the temptations of the Metropolis, 12
Particularly by the Lottery, 153, 155

Sewers, their origin and great utility, the Acts relative to them, 591

Sharpers, an account of noted Females concerned in different kinds of Frauds, 127, 130

Sharpers and Swindlers, their various devices to defraud the Public, 114, 115

—— Ought to find security for their Good Behaviour, 135

Ships, in the River Thames, the Loss and Inconvenience arising from the
present mode of discharging, (See River Plunder)

Silk Manufacturers of Spital-Fields, their Address of Thanks for the
Establishment of the Police System in 1792, 519, 520, n.

Societies in London for Morals, Arts, &c., 570, 571

Society for the Relief of Persons imprisoned for small Debts, an excellent Institution, 589

Sodomy, the Laws relative to it, and the Punishment, 46

—— Introduced into England by the Lombards, ibid.

Soup Charities, their peculiar excellence in relieving the Poor, 81, 82, n., 356

Southwark, the Acts relative to its Police, 594

Spirituous Liquors, the astonishing Consumption of, &c., 327, n.

Statutes, See Acts of Parliament.

Statute Law—Necessity of its Revisal, and the steps taken for that purpose, 7, n., 32

Stolen Goods, See Receivers.

Stores, Government, See Embezzlement; Naval Embezzlements; Acts, 257

Streets in the Metropolis, estimated at 8000, 411

Sugars, the Plunder of, estimated at £.97,000 a year, lost by the Planters and Merchants, and £.25,000 by the Revenue, 241, n.

—— Annual losses by Samples, £.60,000 and upwards, 235, n.

Suicide, the effect of Gambling in the Lottery, 144, n.

Summary View of the Causes of the Insufficiency of the Police, under nine different heads, 24, 25, 26, 27

—— Of Prisoners committed in one year, 429

Superstition of the Jews, See Jews.

Swindlers, See Sharpers.

T.

Tea Gardens, Public Evils, 345

—— Proposals for regulating them, 347

Thames (River) See River Plunder—Marine Police.

Thefts (petty) Causes and Progress of, Cap. III., 74, & seq.

—— By Persons not belonging to the Fraternity of Thieves, estimated at £.700,000, 10

—— From Ships in the River and upon the Wharfs, See River Plunder.

—— From Dock-yards, Ships of War, &c. See Dock-yards.

—— Burglaries, Highway Robberies, &c., 93, 94, 103

Theft. First punished with Death by Henry I. 1108, 52
The Laws relative to Theft in this and other Nations, 51

Thieves. Professed Thieves not intimidated when put on their Trial; reasons assigned, 424, 425, 426, 449, 450
The different classes of persons who resort to thieving and robbing, 95, 96
Many Thieves taken off by the War, but many remain behind on account of ruptures and other disabilities, which, however, do not prevent their committing Crimes, 99, 100
The means used by them to accomplish their purposes, 100, 105, 291

Tokens, Provincial Coins, respecting which Regulations are proposed, 198

Transportation, when first introduced as a Punishment, 454
Offences punishable in this way detailed, 440
Expence of the Transportation of Convicts to New South Wales, and their Confinement in the Hulks, 460, 469

Travelling Police, A plan of hinted at, 109, n.

Treason, The Laws relative to it explained, viz:
Of High Treason, 38, 39, 40
The great inaccuracy of the Act of Edward III. in blending together Crimes disproportionate in their nature, 39
The Laws of China relative to High Treason, 40
Petty Treason, how punished, 41

Twenty Thousand rise every morning in the Metropolis, without knowing how they are to be subsisted through the day, 313, n.

Tyburn Ticket, A premium given for apprehending and prosecuting Burglars, House-Breakers and Horse-stealers, explained, 391, n.

U.

Useful Cautions, to Tradesmen and others against the devices of Cheats and Swindlers, and to prevent frauds and Impositions, 124, 131

V.

Vagrants and Vagrancy. A specification of what constitutes this Offence:

—— Idle and disorderly persons, how punished, 442, &c.

—— Rogues and Vagabonds, 443

—— Incorrigible Rogues, ib.

Vessels, trading to the River Thames, nearly 13,500 in the course of a year, 215-217

Volunteers, See Loyal Military Associations.

W.

War, The means of employing Criminals, 99, 100

—— Civil Wars seldom waged from considerations of Virtue or the security of Liberty, 37

Watch-houses in the Metropolis, 414, n.

Watching the Metropolis, the Laws relating thereto, 411, 412

Watchmen and Patroles to be placed under the control of the Police, 106, 107

—— Their miserable Establishment from 8½d. to 2s. a night, 107

—— How appointed and paid, 411, 412, 411, n.

—— Their general unfitness, 412, 413

—— The abuses which arise from this source, ib.

—— The number in the Metropolis, 414

—— Rewards proposed to excite vigilance, 415, 416

Watchmakers to be registered, 108

Water and Waterworks, 595

Watermen on the Thames, Act 34 Geo. III. regulating their Fares, &c., 596

West India Produce pilfered in a year, 240, 241, n.

Westminster, The Acts of Parliament relative to its Police, 411, n., 412, n.

Women and Children of late years regularly frequent the Tap rooms of Public Houses a proof of the Corruption of Morals, 310-314

Writs. An extraordinary Statement of the astonishing expence of small Law-suits, exemplified by an authentic Table of the number of Writs issued in Middlesex in the course of a year, 587
The Subject further explained, 585, 588

FINIS.

[Printed by H. Baldwin and Son, New Bridge-street, London.]

FOOTNOTES