Shaftesbury, iii. 397.

Shakers, iii. 449.

Shakspeare, i. 21, 268, 511, ii. 239, 254, 306, 315, iii. 210, 214, 216, 321, 363, 369, 400, 457.

Shame, i. 424, iii. 379.

Shenstone, ii. 275.

Siècle, iii. 112 n.

Sight, sense of, ii. 193 seq.

Simonists, iii. 305.

Simplicius, ii. 157.

Sirach, Jesus, iii. 352.

Sketches, value of, iii. 178.

Skull, explained from vertebræ iii. 85.

Slavery, as a wrong, i. 432.

Sleep, necessity of, ii. 337, 428, 462, 463, 466;

action of vital force in, ii. 463, 466;

positive character of, ii. 464;

relation to brain life, ii. 465;

relation to death, i. 358, iii. 267 seq.

Socialists, iii. 250.

Socrates, i. 288, 343, ii. 107, 281, 363, iii. 299, 249, 252, 405.

Somnambulism, ii. 467, iii. 98 seq.

Sömmering, iii. 21.

Sophist, distinguished from philosopher, ii. 362, 363.

Sophistry, i. 63, ii. 263, 264.

Sophocles, i. 21, 295, 328, iii. 214.

Soul, historical, iii. 2, 3, 13;

opposition between soul and body, ii. 102-104, 378;

in what sense the word should be used, iii. 105;

a motive which has led to the assumption of, ii. 409;

theoretical and practical results of assumption, ii. 77, 409, 494.

Southey, ii. 427.

(Cf. Principium individuationis).

Spallanzani, ii. 469.

Species, iii. 123.

Spectator, ii. 233.

Spinal cord, ii. 483-484.

Spinoza, on benevolence, i. 486;

biography of, i. 497;

explanation and use of concepts, i. 111, ii. 241, 266;

ethical teaching of, i. 114, 367, iii. 403;

God of, iii. 106;

on knowledge of Ideas, i. 231, 232 n.;

on immortality, iii. 280, 291;

on love, iii. 338;

method of, i. 100 n., 108, ii. 212;

his place in western philosophy, ii. 13 n.;

rejection of spiritualism, ii. 177;

conception of substance, i. 33, ii. 373, 391;

rejection of teleology, iii. 91, 93, 94;

on will, i. 164, 377, 385, ii. 120.

Spiritualism, ii, 177.

Stahl, i. 64.

State, the, i. 442-448, 451, iii. 409-411.

Statics, ii. 226.

Stewart, Dugald, ii. 226, 240.

Stobæus, i. 114, 117, 118, 378, 506 n., ii. 137, 319, 350.

Stoics, Stoicism, i. 113-120, ii. 453.

Strauss, D. F., iii. 437, 457.

Stupidity, i. 30.

Style, ii. 44, 246, 247.

Suarez, i. 146, 162, 198 n., ii. 13, 89, 100.

Subject, the, has two parts, i. 132;

of will, iii. 126;

of knowing, i. 3, 6, 16, 123, 124, ii. 166-169, 170 seq.;

pure, will-less subject of knowing, i. 253 seq., iii. 128 seq.

Sublime, the, i. 259-268.

Suetonius, iii. 321.

Suffering, universality of, i. 399 seq.;

sanctifying power of, i. 511;

of life, i. 401-407, 417, iii. 114.

Sufism, iii. 423, 432.

Suicide, i. 408, 514-520, iii. 117.

Suidas, ii. 98.

Sulzer, ii. 141.

Supernaturalism, ii. 369

Swift, iii. 399.

Swoon, the twin-brother of death, iii. 256.

Sybarites, ii. 199.

Syllogism, ii. 292-304.

Symbolism, i. 308 seq.

Symmetry, analogy with rhythm iii. 240, 241.

Sympathy, definition and division, iii. 419.

Systems, philosophical, ground of interest in, ii. 360, 361;

contrast between Schopenhauer's and others, i. 32, ii. 180, 393;

division of those starting from object, i. 33;

error of those which proceed historically, i. 352;

criteria of truth of, ii. 391.

Tatianites, iii. 439.

Tauler, iii. 434, 435.

Teleology, i. 201-210, iii. 77-95.

Tennemann, i. 67, ii. 12.

Termini technici, iii. 312.

Tersteegen, i. 496.

Tertullian, ii. 368, iii. 305, 439.

Thales, i. 33.

Theodicy, iii. 394, 404.

Theon of Smyrna, iii. 313.

Thilo, iii. 158.

Thing in itself, as opposed to phenomenon, i. 40, 44, 128, 142 145, 157, 166, ii. 31, 168, 169, 402, 403, iii. 292;

how knowledge of it can be attained, i. 41, 128, ii. 31, 174, 175, 404, 405;

in what sense it is the will, i. 142, ii. 407;

why our knowledge of it is not exhaustive, i. 157, ii. 406, iii. 9, 24, 25, 27, 286 seq.;

in history of philosophy, i. 220, ii. 30, 117, 174, 185, 380, 390, iii. 45.

Tholuk, iii. 432.

Thorwaldsen, iii. 195.

Thracians, iii. 398.

Tiedemann, ii. 470.

Tien, ii. 97.

Time, nature of, i. 9, 44, ii. 205, iii. 12;

ideality of, ii. 201, 204;

prædicabilia a priori of, 121 seq. (Cf. Space).

Times, the, i. 178 n., ii. 459, iii. 304, 450.

Tourtual, ii. 187.

Tragedy, i., 326-330, iii. 212-216. 454.

Transcendent, ii. 387.

Transcendental knowledge, i. 224;

philosophy, ii. 11.

Travelling, æsthetic effect of, iii. 131.

Trent, decrees of Council of, iii. 441.

Treviranus, ii. 470, iii. 35.

Truth, definition, i. 30, ii. 308;

foundation of, i. 100-103;

difference between conceivability and truth, ii. 278;

relation to proof, i. 83, 84;

power of, i. 45, 179.

Understanding, function of, i. 13, 14;

identity of nature at different grades, i. 26, 28, 29;

why sensibility is everywhere accompanied by, i. 30, 31, 228;

misuse of word, ii. 241;

defects and advantages of knowledge of, ii. 253;

keenness of, i. 27, 245.

Ungewitter, iii. 304.

Universal, two kinds of, i. 301-303, iii. 124, 125;

knowledge of, ii. 335, 336;

universal truths, ii. 308.

Upham, iii. 282.

Utopias, i. 451, iii. 331.

Valentinians, iii. 305, 438.

Vaninus, Jul. Cæsar, iii. 32, 106.

Vauvenarque, ii. 251.

Vedas, 9, 21, 114, 234, 266, 364 n., 458, 501, ii. 108 n., 362, iii. 303, 307, 426, 427, 433, 467.

Velocity, ii. 226, 227.

Virgil, i. 293, 295.

Virtue, source of genuine, i. 475, 477, ii. 149, 252;

cannot be taught, i. 475, ii. 149;

relation to happiness, i. 466, iii. 420;

distinguished from reasonableness, ii. 134;

transition to asceticism, iii. 424, 425.

Voltaire, i. 327, 329, ii. 157, 277, 428, 469, iii. 178, 252, 368, 395. 398, 404.

Vyaso, iii. 282.

Weeping, i. 486-488, iii. 406.

Weighing, two ways of, ii. 227.

Whewell, ii. 323.

Wieland, i. 246, ii. 427, iii. 200.

Will, subject of, iii. 126;

identity of subject of will and knowledge, 132;

as the thing in itself, i. 142, ii. 407;

contrast between will and its phenomenal appearance, i. 145, 166, 213-215, iii. 69-71;

objectification of, i. 130, 166-168, ii. 468;

assertion of, i. 421-427, iii. 376-381;

denial of, i. 488-514, iii. 420-459.