553, 620, ii, 609 sq.
Poole, Ernest, ii, 503
Poor, the, ii, 269 sq.
Poor Laws, ii, 211
Pope, Alex., ii, 493
Popes.
(See Papacy)
Poplicola (pop lik’ ō lă), Valerius, i, 457
Poppaea (po pē’ ă), i, 525
Popular education, Christianity and, ii, 139 sqq.
Port Arthur, ii, 462, 469
Port Sunlight, ii, 406
Porto Rico, ii, 506
Portugal (and Portuguese), i, 168, 217, 299, 554, 564, 565, ii, 80, 100, 364, 490, 611, 617;
overseas trade and expansion of, ii, 184-88, 192-93, 251, 252, 257, 306, 451, 457, 465
Porus (pō’ rŭs), king, i, 386 sq., 430
Posen, ii, 367, 400, 446, 487
Post horses in ancient Persia, i, 327
Potash, ii, 38
Potato, i, 208
Potomac, river, ii, 301
Potsdam, ii, 240
Pottery, i, 105, 112 sq., 130 sq., 147, 448, ii, 38
Poultry.
(See Fowl)
Powers, Great, ii, 216 sqq., 246-47, 252, 278-79, 380, 440, 447, 500
Prague, ii, 151, 152, 175, 400 sq., 617, 623;
University of, ii, 151
Prayer-flags, Buddhist, i, 438
Prayer-wheels, i, 438
Precession of the equinoxes, i, 31
Prehistoric Peeps, i, 50
Presbyterianism, ii, 163, 221
Prescott, ii, 207 sq.
Press, free, ii, 302; in politics, i, 463
Prester, John, ii, 119
Priam (prī’ ăm), i, 335
Pride, Colonel, ii, 224 sq.
Priestcraft (incl. Priesthood and Priests), i, 127, 130, 134, 178, 182, 190, 204, 232-53, 263, 266, 285, 305, 430, ii, 16, 85, 149-51, 246, 425
Primal law, i, 79
Prince, character of a, ii, 195 sqq.
Princes, an exclusive class, i, 267
Princeton, Univ. of, ii, 543
Printing, i, 231, 407-08, 463, ii, 121, 158 sq., 167, 174, 617;
Chinese, i, 631
Priscus (pris’ kŭs), i, 557 sq., ii, 42, 611
Prisoners as slaves, ii, 305
Prisons, English, ii, 338
Private enterprise, ii, 273 sq., 535 sqq.;
ownership, ii, 274;
property, ii, 228
Probus (prō’ bŭs), emperor, i, 528, 553, ii, 610
Production, distribution and profits of, ii, 274;
of machinery, ii, 275-76
Profit, ii, 334
Profiteers, ii, 541
Prokop the Great, ii, 152
Proletariat, i, 268, 456, ii, 398, 408 sqq.
Promissory notes, early, i, 220
Property, i, 259, 265, ii, 146, 217, 308, 338 sqq., 385, 398 sq., 411
Prophets, Jewish, i, 294 sq.
Propitiation, i, 127, 134
Proterozoic (prot er ō zō’ ik) period, i, 10, 14, 17, 25 sq.
Protestantism, ii, 150, 160-67, 206, 209, 218-25, 229, 233, 239, 242, 252-53, 265, 269-71, 281-83, 465, 490-95
Provence, ii, 368
Proverbs, book of, i, 294
Providence, Rhode I., ii, 289
Prussia, ii, 236, 240, 243-53, 278, 314, 320, 327, 362, 364-67, 371, 381, 441-46, 478-80, 619 sqq.
Przemysl (pshem’ isl), ii, 518-19
Psalms, i, 277, 294
Psammetichus (sä met’ i kŭs), i, 200, 291, 316, ii, 606
Pskof, ii, 180
Ptah-hetep (ptä’ het ep), tomb of, i, 260
Pteria (tē’ ri ă), i, 323
Pterodactyls (ter ō dăk’ tilz), i, 40 sqq.
Ptolemies, i, 395, 401, 432, 571, 636
Ptolemy (tol’ ĕ mi), I, i, 375, 401-02, 404, 409-13, ii, 608;
Ptolemy II, i, 404;
Ptolemy III, i, 404
Public opinion, growth of, ii, 148
Public schools.
(See Schools, public)
“Pul,” Assyrian monarch, i, 290
Pultusk, ii, 362
Punch, ii, 397, 435, 487
Punic (pū’ nik), language, i, 528;
wars, i, 196, 454 sq., 460, 466 sqq., ii, 608
Punjab, i, 201, 388, 428 sq., ii, 114, 132 sq., 257, 608
Puritan Revolution, ii, 217
Puritans, ii, 226, 282
Pyramids, i, 133, 198 sq., 238, 261, 274;
battle of the, ii, 351
Pyrenees, i, 160, 554, ii, 28, 41, 46 sq., 51, 238, 368, 613
Pyrrhus (pir’ ŭs), i, 452 sqq., 467, ii, 67, 608
Pytho (pī’ thō), i, 322

Q
Quaco, ii, 467, 621
Quadrupedal reptiles, i, 41
Quartz, i, 9
Quartzite implements, i, 137
Quaternary rocks, i, 12
Quebec, ii, 254, 620
Quinquereme (kwin’ kwĕ rēm), i, 469
Quipus, i, 208
Quixada (kë hä’ dä), ii, 207, 208

R
Ra, i, 250
Races of mankind, i, 87 sqq., 089, 95, 100-101, 120, 136-49
Radiolaria, i, 10
Ragusa (rä goo’ ză), ii, 180
Rahab, month of, ii, 8
Rai, Lajpat, ii, 454, 473
Railways, ii, 386, 622
Rajgir, i, 420
Rajput (räj poot’) clans, i, 629
Rajput princes, ii, 256
Rajputana, i, 629, ii, 179, 256
Raleigh, Sir Walter, ii, 280
Ramah, i, 285
Rambouillet (ron boo yä’), ii, 317
Rameses (răm’ ē sēz) II, i, 196, 200, 279, 281-82, 289, 401, ii, 605
Rameses III, i, 249, 282
Raphael, ii, 183
Rasputin (răs poot’ in), ii, 525
Ratisbon, Diet of, ii, 206
Ratzel, i, 153, 208, 541, 551
Ravenna, i, 554, 557, 561, 606, ii, 60, 612
Realism (and Realists), ii, 169 sqq.
Rebus, i, 227
Reconstruction, Ministry of, ii, 534
Red Cross, ii, 199
Red deer, i, 96
Red Indians, i, 546, ii, 285
Red Sea, i, 156, 160, 184, 210, 211, 279, 281, 287, 290, 401, 529, 533
“Red Sea” river, i, 119, 121
Redmond, John, ii, 496, 498
Reed, E. T., i, 50
Reed pipes, i, 115
Reeds, C. A., i, 59
Reform Bill, ii, 400, 622
Reformation, the, i, 596, ii, 161-64, 167, 204, 270, 272
Regicide, ii, 225
Reinach, Salomon, i, 6, 401
Reindeer, i, 64, 76, 78, 90, 93, 101, 115
Reindeer Age, i, 81, 90, 93-98
Reindeer men, i, 105, 108, 115, 118, 123, 124, 133, 170
Religion, i, 124, 127, 131-33, 178, 232, 235-37, 411-14, 582 sqq., ii, 163, 165, 309, 422;
“Old Man” in, i, 125, 131, 134
Religious dances, i, 355
Religious wars, ii, 206-07
Remus (rē’ mŭs) and Romulus (rom’ ū lŭs), i, 448
Renaissance, ii, 139, 184
Renan, ii, 169
Renascence, ii, 139
Rent, i, 255-56, 264
Reparation, i, 219
Representation, political, i, 494-95, ii, 298, 414
Reproduction, i, 16-18; of amphibia, i, 26;
of mammals, i, 54
Reptiles, i, 26, 28, 38 sqq.
Republicanism, i, 519, ii, 248, 264, 347
Republics, i, 307-08, ii, 142
Retailers, i, 265
Revelation, Book of, i, 598
Revere, Paul, ii, 290, 294
“Revisionists,” ii, 409
Revolution, ii, 403, 411
Reynolds, Sir Joshua, ii, 227, 493
Rhine, i, 74, 206, 298, 507, 508, 523, 526, 539, 549, 552, 553, 557, ii, 61, 69, 203, 236, 238, 266, 330, 368, 441
Rhineland, i, 605, ii, 41, 47, 61, 67, 77, 82, 228
Rhinoceros, i, 56, 58, 64, 69, 70, 76
Rhode Island, ii, 281, 282, 289, 290, 296, 300
Rhodes, i, 396, ii, 79
Rhodesia, i, 174, ii, 472
Rhondda, Lord, ii, 533
Rhone Valley, i, 606, ii, 82
Rhys, Sir John, i, 168
Rice, i, 646
Richard I, Cœur de Lion, ii, 81, 219
Richard II, ii, 156, 617
Richelieu, Cardinal, ii, 237, 246, 253
Richmond, ii, 443
Ridgeway, W., i, 106, 298
Riga, ii, 180, 182, 526
Righteousness, i, 400
Rio de Oro (rē’ ō dā ō’ rō), i, 217
Ripley, i, 143
Ritual, ii, 149.
(See also Christianity)
Rivers, i, 37
Rivers, W. H. R. i, 148
Riviera (rē vē ār’ă), French, i, 447;
Italian, ii, 347
Rivoira, ii, 61
Robert of Sicily.
(See Guiscard, Robert)
Robertson, ii, 208
Robespierre (rō bes pyâr’), ii, 324, 333-336, 349, 621
Robinson, J. H., ii, 99, 253
Roch, ii, 518
Rochefort, ii, 372
“Rocket,” the, ii, 386
Rocks, i, 8-13, 27-30
Rocquain, ii, 308
Roger I, King of Sicily, ii, 86
Rolf the Ganger, ii, 54, 66, 614
Roman coins, i, 455
Roman Empire, i, 517 sqq.;
social and political state of, i, 529, 534-42, 550;
fall of, i, 550 sqq.;
separation into Eastern and Western Empires, i, 554 sqq.;
later Roman Empire (Western), i, 597, 605, 614, 619, 632, 633, ii, 42, 54, 56, 58, 64, 157, 265, 268, 611.
(See also Eastern (Greek) Empire)
Roman law, i, 458, 615-16;
roads, i, 461, 540
Roman Republic (19th century), ii, 347, 622-23
Romansch language, ii, 47, 199
Rome, i, 407, 504, 510, 519, 548, 564-65, 572, 589, 606-11, 615-18, 621, 633, ii, 2, 50, 126, 182, 195, 202, 276, 441, 445, 483;
early history of, i, 445-51, 458, ii, 607-08; war with Carthage, i, 454;