Recapitulation.

Chicago.
Totals: Mixed locals 74
National industrial unions: Textile 22 locals.
  Lumber 9 locals.
  Marine transport 10 locals.
  Agricultural Workers Organization (L. U. no. 400) —
Propaganda leagues 8
Total 123

Detroit.
Mixed locals 20
Textile locals 2
Lumber 1
Transportation 3
Musicians 2
Garment workers 1
Machinists 5
Foodstuffs 2
Tobacco 3
Automobile 4
Building 2
Printing 1
Furniture 2
Public service 1
Total 49

FOOTNOTES:

[740] Based on mailing lists furnished by Secretary-Treasurers St. John and Richter of the Chicago and Detroit factions of the I. W. W., respectively. Cf. Helen Marot, American Labor Unions, Appendix.

APPENDIX VI
Reasons for Locals Disbanding[741]
(Aug. 31, 1910 to Sept. 1, 1911)

Location. Industry. Reasons for Disbanding.
Muncie, Ind. Metal workers Strike.
Jackson, Mich. Metal workers Lack of interest.
Reading, Pa. Metal workers Strike.
Dunkirk, N. Y. Metal workers Members left town.
W. Pullman, Ill. Metal workers Shop closed.
Missoula, Mont. Lumber Lack of interest.
Olean, N. Y. Mixed Strike.
Negaunee, Mich. Mixed Lack of interest.
National, Nev. Mixed W. F. M. and Business Men's Asso'n.
Lorain, Ohio Mixed Lack of interest.
New York. Building workers Members left town.
Woonsocket, R. I. Mixed Lack of interest. (?)
Anaconda, Mont. Mixed Disrupted by A. F. of L. & W. F. M.
Providence, R. I. Mixed Lack of interest. (?)
Seattle Hotel Lack of interest.
Honolulu Building constructors Lack of interest.
Roundup, Mont. Building constructors Members blacklisted out of town.
Sioux City, Ia. Building constructors No record.
Pittsburgh Packing house Internal wrangles.
Chicago Show workers Lack of interest.
New York Public service Lack of interest.
St. Louis Clothing Joined A. F. of L.
New York Clothing Disrupted by A. F. of L.
Chicago Clothing Lack of work.
Anderson, Ind. Metal workers No record.
Pittsburgh Mixed Lack of interest.
New Haven R. R. workers Lack of interest.
Portland, Ore. R. R. workers Lack of interest.
Providence Metal workers Lack of interest.
Pittsburgh Steel workers Shut down.
Woods Run, Pa. Car builders Shut down.
McKees Rocks Steel workers Shut down.
Massillon, Ohio Tin plate Strike.
New Castle, Pa. Tin plate Strike.
Lyndora (?), Pa. Car builders "Bum" [defaulting?] secretary.
Hammond, Ind. Car builders "Bum" [defaulting?] secretary.
Hegewisch (?), Ill. Car builders Lack of interest.
South Chicago, Ill. Steel workers Lack of interest.
East Chicago, Ind. Steel workers Lack of interest.
Fostoria, Ohio Metal workers Strike.
Anacortes, Wash. Lumber Lack of interest (?)
San Diego, Cal. Public service Mexican Revolution.
Vancouver, B. C. Public service Lack of interest.
Butte, Mont. Bakery Joined A. F. of L.
Redlands, Cal. Agricultural No record.
Kalispell, Mont. Lumber Lack of interest.
Deer River, Minn. Lumber Lack of interest.
Honolulu Agricultural Lack of interest.

FOOTNOTES:

[741] Adapted from Report of Secretary-Treasurer to the 6th I. W. W. Convention; Appendix to Minutes.

APPENDIX VII
Free Speech Fights of the I. W. W.
(Partial list.)

Date. Begun. Place.
1906. April San Francisco, Cal.
1909. October Missoula, Mont.
November Spokane, Wash.
December New Castle, Pa.
1910. May Wenatchee, Wash.
June Walla Walla, Wash.
October Fresno, Cal.
1911. July Duluth, Minn.
Victoria, B. C.
August Denver, Colo.
Superior, Wis.
September Kansas City, Mo.
November Aberdeen, Wash.
1912. February San Diego, Cal.
Aberdeen, S. D.
June New Bedford, Mass.
September Minneapolis, Minn.
1913. February Denver, Colo.
April Grand Junction, Colo.
July Minot, N. D.
Seattle, Wash.
December Kansas City, Mo.
1914. July Aberdeen, S. Dak.
1915. November Paterson, N. J.
1916. September Old Forge, Pa.
November Everett, Wash.

APPENDIX VIII
Partial List of Strikes Managed or Participated in by the I. W. W.

Year and month called. Place. Class of workers affected. Issue.
1906
Aug New Haven, Ct. Paper makers.
Dec West New Brighton, Ct. Silk workers. Account of discharge of I. W. W.
? Skowhegan, Me.
? Goldfield, Nev. Miners and others.
1907
Feb Somers, Mont. Lumbermen Recognition of I. W. W.; company store; hospital.
Apr Portland, Ore. Saw-mill workers.
May Missoula, Mont. Lumbermen Higher wages.
Oct Vancouver, B. C. Lumbermen Against cut in wages and longer hours.
Nov Yonkers, N. Y. Street car men.
Nov Lancaster, Pa. Silk workers.
1908
Apr Marble, Colo Quarry workers.
Aug Lawrence, Mass. Textile Against wage cuts.
1909
May Somers, Mont. Lumbermen.
May Kalispell, Mont. Lumbermen.
May Prince Rupert, B. C. Lumbermen.
July New Castle, Pa. Sheet and tin plate. For open shop.
Aug Shenango, Pa. Sheet and tin plate.
? McKees Rocks, Pa. Pressed Steel Car Co. Wages, hours and general conditions.
? Waterville, Wash. Farm laborers For $3.00 a day.
1910
Mar Muncie, Ind. Glass workers Higher wages.
Apr North Yamhill, Ore. Farm hands. Against discharge of I. W. W.'s.
May New Bedford, Mass. Textile Against cut in wages.
June St. Louis, Mo. Garment workers.
July Reading, Pa. Auto. workers.
Aug San Diego, Cal. Gas works laborers Wages (Mexicans).
Oct Providence, R. I. Window cleaners. Closed shop; wages.
Nov Pittsburgh, Pa Meat packers.
Nov Brooklyn, N. Y. Shoe workers Wages.
1911
Jan La Grande, Wash. Miners Against cut in wages.
Jan New York, N. Y. Boot and shoe.
1912
Jan Lawrence, Mass Textile workers Against cut in wages.
Apr Willimantic, Ct. Textile workers Wages.
Apr Kansas City, Mo. Street railroad construction.
Apr New York Piano and organ.
Mar Hoquiam, Wash. Lumbermen Wages.
Mar Aberdeen, Wash. Lumbermen.
May Portland, Ore Street car workers Wages.
June White Salmon, Wash. Construction workers. Wages; conditions.
June Clinton, Mass Textile.
July New Bedford, Mass Textile.
July San Pedro, Cal Dock workers.
Oct Little Falls, N.Y. Textile. Against cut in wages.
Nov Cleveland, Ohio Cyclone wire fence works. Laborers (Slavonian I. W. W.'s).
Dec Portland, Ore Construction laborers. Against cut in wages (to camps on the Portland, Eugene and Eastern, between Portland and Eugene, 300 out).
Dec Merryville, La Lumbermen.
? Grays Harbor
? British Columbia Construction camps on the Canadian Northern.
? North Yamhill, Ore Farm Laborers 30 cents per hour and decent quarters.
1913
Jan Big Creek, Cal. Construction work (Stone and Webster) Wages, hours, conditions.
Feb Akron, Ohio Rubber workers.
Feb Paterson, N.J. Silk workers.
Feb Hazelton, N.J. Silk workers. Wage increase.
Jan San Francisco, Cal. Cannery workers. Against cut in wages.
Mar Esmond, R.I. Textile.
Mar Cleveland, Ohio Rubber workers.
Mar Seattle, Wash Tailors.
Apr Stockton, Cal Electrical workers.
Apr Rock Island, Ill. Sash and door.
May Marshfield, Ore. Lumbermen.
June Ipswich, Mass Textile.
Aug Wheatland, Cal. Hop pickers. General conditions.
Sept Pittsburgh, Pa. Tobacco workers.
Nov Shelton, Conn Textile.
? Duluth, Minn Dock laborers.
? New York, N.Y. Barbers.
1916
June Mesaba Range, Minn Iron miners.
June Red Granite, Wis Quarry workers. Discharge of I. W. W.'s.
Aug Scranton, Pa Miners.
Oct Old Forge, Pa Miners.
1917
Feb Philadelphia, Pa Sugar workers. Wages, hours, conditions.
Feb Philadelphia, Pa Longshoremen. In sympathy with sugar workers.
Apr Exeter, Cal Irrigation construction. Wages and hours.

APPENDIX IX
Selections from the I. W. W. Song Book[742]

Are You a Wobbly?

BY JOE FOLEY

(Tune: "Are You from Dixie?")

Hello, there, worker, how do you do?
 You're up against it; broke, hungry, too.
 Don't be surprised, you're recognized,
 I know a slave by the look in his eyes.
 You want what I want—well, that's liberty,
 Your frowning face seems to tell it to me.
 Where there's a will, Bill, there's a way, Bill,
 So listen to what I say.

CHORUS

Are you a wobbly? then listen, Buddy,
 For the One Big Union beckons to you—
 The Workers' Union, the Industrial Union;
 Tell every slave you see along the line:
 It makes no difference what your color,
 Creed or sex or kind,
 If you are a worker, then it's kick right in and join.
 Become a wobbly and then we'll probably
 Free ourselves from slavery.
You like the idea, but then you say,
 "How can we do it—when is the day?"
 When all the ladies and all the babies
 And every man who works for a wage
 Gets in the Union—One Union Grand—
 All hands together we'll make our demand;
 When you and I, Bill, lay down our tools, Bill,
 Fold up our arms, Bill, and walk off the job.

Dump the Bosses Off Your Back

BY JOHN BRILL

(Tune: "Take it to the Lord in Prayer")

Are you poor, forlorn and hungry?
 Are there lots of things you lack?
 Is you life made up of misery?
 Then dump the bosses off your back.
 Are your clothes all patched and tattered?
 Are you living in a shack?
 Would you have your troubles scattered?
 Then dump the bosses off your back.
Are you almost split asunder?
 Loaded like a long-eared jack?
 Boob—why don't you buck like thunder?
 And dump the bosses off your back.
 All the agonies you suffer,
 You can end with one good whack—
 Stiffen up, you orn'ry duffer—
 And dump the bosses off your back.

Hallelujah! I'm a Bum![743]

O! I like my boss,
 He's a good friend of mine.
 And that's why I'm starving
 Out on the picket-line!
 Hallelujah! I'm a bum!
 Hallelujah! Bum again!
 Hallelujah! Give us a hand-out
 To revive us again!

Mr. Block

BY JOE HILL

(Air: "It Looks to Me like a Big Time Tonight")

Please give me your attention, I'll introduce to you
 A man that is a credit to "Our Red, White and Blue";
 His head is made of lumber, and solid as a rock;
 He is a common worker and his name is Mr. Block.
 And Block he thinks he may
 Be President some day.

CHORUS

Oh, Mr. Block, you were born by mistake,
 You take the cake,
 You make me ache.
 Tie on a rock to your block and then jump in the lake,
 Kindly do that for Liberty's sake.
Yes, Mr. Block is lucky; he found a job, by gee!
 The sharks got seven dollars, for job and fare and fee.
 They shipped him to a desert and dumped him with his truck,
 But when he tried to find his job, he sure was out of luck.
 He shouted, "That's too raw,
 I'll fix them with the law."
Block hiked back to the city, but wasn't doing well.
 He said, "I'll join the union—the great A. F. of L."
 He got a job next morning, got fired in the night,
 He said, "I'll see Sam Gompers and he'll fix that foreman right."
 Sam Gompers said, "You see
 You've got our sympathy."
Election day he shouted, "A Socialist for Mayor!"
 The "comrade" got elected, he happy was for fair,
 But after the election he got an awful shock.
 A great big Socialist Bull did rap him on the block.
 And Comrade Block did sob,
 "I helped him to his job."

Tie 'Em Up!

(Words and music by G. G. Allen)

We have no fight with brothers of the old A. F. of L.
 But we ask you use your reason with the facts we have to tell.
 Your craft is but protection for a form of property,
 The skill that you are losing, don't you see.
 Improvements on machinery take your tool and skill away,
 And you'll be among the common slaves upon some fateful day.
 Now the things of which we're talking we are mighty sure about.—
 So what's the use to strike the way you can't win out?

CHORUS

Tie 'em up! tie 'em up; that's the way to win.
 Don't notify the bosses till hostilities begin.
 Don't furnish chance for gunmen, scabs and all their like;
 What you need is One Big Union and the One Big Strike.
Why do you make agreements that divide you when you fight
 And let the bosses bluff you with the contract's "sacred right"?
 Why stay at work when other crafts are battling with the foe?
 You all must stick together, don't you know?
 The day when you begin to see the classes waging war
 You can join the biggest tie-up that was ever known before.
 When the strikes all o'er the country are united into one
 Then the workers' One Big Union all the wheels shall run.

A. F. of L. Sympathy

BY B. L. WEBER

(Tune: "All I Got was Sympathy")

Bill Brown was a worker in a great big shop,
 Where there worked two thousand others;
 They all belonged to the A. F. of L.,
 And they called each other "brothers."
 One day Bill Brown's union went out on strike,
 And they went out for higher pay;
 All the other crafts remained on the job,
 And Bill Brown did sadly say:

CHORUS

All we got was sympathy;
 So we were bound to lose, you see;
 All the others had craft autonomy,
 Or else they would have struck with glee,
 But I got good and hungry,
 And no craft unions go for me.
 Gee! Ain't it hell, in the A. F. of L.
 All you get is sympathy.
Bill Brown was a thinker, and he was not a fool,
 And fools there are many, we know.
 So he decided the A. F. of L.
 And its craft divisions must go.
 Industrial Unions are just the thing,
 Where the workers can all join the fight;
 So now on the soap box boldly he stands,
 A-singing with all of his might:

CHORUS

The Message from O'er the Sea

(Tune: "Don't Bite the Hand that's Feeding You")

One day as I sat pining
 A message of cheer came to me,
 A light of revolt was shining
 On a country far over the sea,
 The forces of rulers to sever
 And the flag of the earth to unfold
 To secure our freedom forever
 And a world of beauty untold.

CHORUS

All hail to the Bolsheviki!
 We will fight for our Class and be free,
 A Kaiser, King or Czar, no matter which you are
 You're nothing of interest to me;
 If you don't like the red flag of Russia,
 If you don't like the spirit so true,
 Then just be like the cur in the story
 And lick the hand that's robbing you.
We have lived in meek submission
 Thru ages of toil and despair,
 To comply with the plutes' ambition
 With never a thought nor a care.
 An echo from Russia is sounding
 'Tis the chimes of a True Liberty,
 It's a message for millions resounding
 To throw off your chains and be free.

Scissor Bill

BY JOE HILL

(Tune: "Steamboat Bill")

You may ramble 'round the country anywhere you will,
 You'll always run across the same old Scissor Bill.
 He's found upon the desert, he is on the hill,
 He's found in every mining camp and lumber mill.
 He looks just like a human, he can eat and walk,
 But you will find he isn't when he starts to talk.
 He'll say, "This is my country," with an honest face,
 While all the cops they chase him out of every place.

CHORUS

Scissor Bill, he is a little dippy,
 Scissor Bill, he has a funny face.
 Scissor Bill should drown in Mississippi,
 He is the missing link that Darwin tried to trace.

Paint 'Er Red

BY RALPH CHAPLIN

(Tune: "Marching through Georgia")

Come with us, you workingmen, and join the rebel band;
 Come, you discontented ones, and give a helping hand,
 We march against the parasite to drive him from the land.
 With One Big Industrial Union!

CHORUS

Hurrah! hurrah! we're going to paint 'er red!
 Hurrah! hurrah! the way is clear ahead—
 We're gaining shop democracy and liberty and bread
 With One Big Industrial Union!
"Slaves" they call us, "working plugs," inferior by birth,
 But when we hit their pocketbooks we'll spoil their smiles or mirth—
 We'll stop their dirty dividends and drive them from the earth
 With One Big Industrial Union!
We hate their rotten system more than any mortals do,
 Our aim is not to patch it up, but build it all anew,
 And what we'll have for government, when finally we're through,
 Is One Big Industrial Union!

Casey Jones—the Union Scab

BY JOE HILL

The Workers on the S. P. line to strike sent out a call;
 But Casey Jones, the engineer, he wouldn't strike at all;
 His boiler it was leaking, and its drivers on the bum,
 And his engine and its bearings, they were all out of plumb.

CHORUS

Casey Jones kept his junk pile running;
 Casey Jones was working double time;
 Casey Jones got a wooden medal,
 For being good and faithful on the S. P. line.
The Workers said to Casey: "Won't you help us win this strike?"
 But Casey said: "Let me alone, you'd better take a hike."
 Then some one put a bunch of railroad ties across the track,
 And Casey hit the river with an awful crack.
Casey Jones hit the river bottom;
 Casey Jones broke his blooming spine,
 Casey Jones was an Angeleno,
 He took a trip to heaven on the S. P. line.
When Casey Jones got up to heaven to the Pearly Gate
 He said: "I'm Casey Jones, the guy that pulled the S. P. freight."
 "You're just the man," said Peter; "our musicians went on strike;
 You can get a job a-scabbing any time you like."
Casey Jones got a job in heaven;
 Casey Jones was doing mighty fine;
 Casey Jones went scabbing on the angels,
 Just like he did to workers on the S. P. line.
The angels got together, and they said it wasn't fair,
 For Casey Jones to go around a-scabbing everywhere.
 The Angels' Union No. 23, they sure were there,
 And they promptly fired Casey down the Golden Stair.
Casey Jones went to Hell a-flying.
 "Casey Jones," the Devil said, "Oh, fine;
 Casey Jones, get busy shoveling sulphur;
 That's what you get for scabbing on the S. P. line."

The Preacher and the Slave

BY JOE HILL

(Tune: "Sweet Bye and Bye")

Long-haired preachers come out every night,
 Try to tell you what's wrong and what's right;
 But when asked how 'bout something to eat
 They will answer with voices so sweet:

CHORUS

You will eat, bye and bye,
 In that glorious land above the sky;
 Work and pray, live on hay,
 You'll get pie in the sky when you die.
And the Starvation army they play,
 And they sing and they clap and they pray.
 Till they get all your coin on the drum,
 Then they'll tell you when you're on the bum:

CHORUS

Holy Rollers and jumpers come out,
 And they holler, they jump and they shout.
 "Give your money to Jesus," they say,
 "He will cure all diseases today."
If you fight hard for children and wife—
 Try to get something good in this life—
 You're a sinner and bad man, they tell,
 When you die you will sure go to Hell.
Workingmen of all countries, unite,
 Side by side we for freedom will fight:
 When the world and its wealth we have gained
 To the grafters we'll sing this refrain:

LAST CHORUS

You will eat, bye and bye,
 When you've learned how to cook and to fry
 Chop some wood, 'twill do you good,
 And you'll eat in the sweet bye and bye.

The Red Flag

BY JAMES CONNELL

The workers' flag is deepest red,
 It shrouded oft our martyred dead;
 And ere their limbs grew stiff and cold
 Their life-blood dyed its every fold.

CHORUS

Then raise the scarlet standard high;
 Beneath its folds we'll live and die,
 Though cowards flinch and traitors sneer,
 We'll keep the red flag flying here.
Look 'round, the Frenchman loves its blaze,
 The sturdy German chants its praise;
 In Moscow's vaults its hymns are sung,
 Chicago swells its surging song.
It waved above our infant might
 When all ahead seemed dark as night;
 It witnessed many a deed and vow,
 We will not change its color now.
It suits today the meek and base,
 Whose minds are fixed on pelf and place,
 To cringe beneath the rich man's frown,
 And haul that sacred emblem down.
With heads uncovered, swear we all,
 To bear it onward till we fall;
 Come dungeons dark, or gallows grim,
 This song shall be our parting hymn!

What We Want

BY JOE HILL

(Tune: "Rainbow")

We want all the workers in the world to organize
 Into a great big union grand
 And when we all united stand
 The world for workers we'll demand.
 If the working class could only see and realize
 What mighty power labor has
 Then the exploiting master class
 It would soon fade away.

CHORUS

Come all ye toilers that work for wages,
 Come from every land,
 Join the fighting band,
 In one union grand.
 Then for the workers we'll make upon this earth a paradise
 When the slaves get wise and organize.
We want the sailor and the tailor and the lumberjacks,
 And all the cooks and laundry girls;
 We want the guy that dives for pearls,
 The pretty maid that's making curls,
 And the baker and staker and the chimneysweep;
 We want the man that's slinging hash,
 The child that works for little cash
 In one union grand.
We want the tinner and the skinner and the chambermaid,
 We want the man that spikes on soles,
 We want the man that's digging holes,
 We want the man that's climbing poles.
 And the trucker and the mucker and the hired man,
 And all the factory girls and clerks—
 Yes, we want every one that works,
 In one union grand.

FOOTNOTES:

[742] I. W. W. songs to fan the flames of discontent, 14th [General Defense] Edition, Chicago, I. W. W. Publishing Bureau, April, 1918.

[743] Not published in the 14th edition. (Quoted only in part.)

APPENDIX X
Copies of State "Criminal Syndicalism" Statutes

MINNESOTA

Chapter 215—S. F. No. 942[744]

An act defining criminal syndicalism, prohibiting the advocacy thereof and the advocacy of crime, sabotage, violence, or other unlawful methods of terrorism as a means of accomplishing industrial or political ends, and assemblage for the purpose of such advocacy; declaring it unlawful to permit the use of any place, building or rooms for such assemblage in certain cases; and providing penalties for violations of the provisions thereof.

Be it enacted by the Legislature of the State of Minnesota:

Section 1. Criminal syndicalism defined.—Criminal syndicalism is hereby defined as the doctrine which advocates crime, sabotage (this word as used in this bill meaning malicious damage or injury to the property of an employer by an employee), violence or other unlawful methods of terrorism as a means of accomplishing industrial or political ends. The advocacy of such doctrine, whether by word of mouth or writing is a felony punishable as in this act otherwise provided.

Sec. 2. Teaching or advocating syndicalism declared a felony.—Any person who by word of mouth or writing, advocates or teaches the duty, necessity or propriety of crime, sabotage, violence or other unlawful methods of terrorism as a means of accomplishing industrial or political ends, or prints, publishes, edits, issues or knowingly circulates, sells, distributes or publicly displays any book, paper, document or written matter in any form, containing or advocating, advising or teaching the doctrine that industrial or political ends should be brought about by crime, sabotage, violence or other unlawful methods of terrorism; or openly, wilfully and deliberately justifies by word of mouth or writing, the commission or the attempt to commit crime, sabotage, violence or other unlawful methods of terrorism with intent to exemplify, spread or advocate the propriety of the doctrines of criminal syndicalism, or organizes or helps to organize or becomes a member or voluntarily assembles with any society, group or assemblage of persons formed to teach or advocate the doctrine of criminal syndicalism, is guilty of a felony and punishable by imprisonment in the state prison for not more than five years or by a fine of not more than one thousand dollars or both.

Sec. 3. Assembling for purpose declared a felony.—Wherever two or more persons assemble for the purpose of advocating or teaching the doctrines of criminal syndicalism defined in this act, such an assemblage is unlawful and every person voluntarily participating therein by his presence, aid or instigation is guilty of a felony and punishable by imprisonment in the state prison for not more than 10 years or by a fine of not more than $5,000.00 or both.

Sec. 4. Owner or lessor of buildings for assemblage liable for gross misdemeanor.—The owner, agent, superintendent, or occupant of any place, building or rooms who wilfully and knowingly permits therein any assemblage of persons prohibited by the provisions of section 3 of this act, or who, after notification that the premises are so used, permits such use to be continued, is guilty of a gross misdemeanor and punishable by imprisonment in the county jail for not more than one year or by a fine of not more than $500.00 or both.

Sec. 5. This act shall take effect and be in force from and after the date of its passage.

Approved April 13, 1917.

IDAHO

Chapter 145—S. B. No. 183

An act defining the crime of criminal syndicalism and prescribing punishment therefor.

Be it enacted by the Legislature of the State of Idaho:

Section 1. Criminal syndicalism is the doctrine which advocates crime, sabotage, violence or unlawful methods of terrorism as a means of accomplishing industrial or political reform. The advocacy of such doctrine, whether by word of mouth or writing, is a felony punishable as in this Act otherwise provided.

Sec. 2. Any person who:

(1) By word, of mouth or writing, advocates or teaches the duty, necessity or propriety of crime, sabotage, violence or other unlawful methods of terrorism as a means of accomplishing industrial or political reform; or

(2) Prints, publishes, edits, issues or knowingly circulates, sells, distributes or publicly displays any book, paper, document or written matter in any form, containing or advocating, advising or teaching the doctrine that industrial or political reform should be brought about by crime, sabotage, violence or other unlawful methods of terrorism; or

(3) Openly, wilfully and deliberately justifies, by word of mouth or writing, the commission or the attempt to commit crime, sabotage, violence or other unlawful methods of terrorism with intent to exemplify, spread or advocate the propriety of the doctrines of criminal syndicalism; or

(4) Organizes or helps to organize or becomes a member of, or voluntarily assembles with any society, group or assemblage of persons formed to teach or advocate the doctrines of criminal syndicalism;

Is guilty of a felony and punishable by imprisonment in the State Prison for not more than ten years or by a fine of not more than five thousand dollars, or both.

Sec. 3. Whenever two or more persons assemble for the purpose of advocating or teaching the doctrines of criminal syndicalism as defined in this Act, such an assemblage is unlawful, and every person voluntarily participating therein by his presence, aid or instigation is guilty of a felony and punishable by imprisonment in the State Prison for not more than ten years or by a fine of not more than five thousand dollars, or both.

Sec. 4. The owner, agent, superintendent, janitor, caretaker, or occupant of any place, building or room, who wilfully and knowingly permits therein any assemblage of persons prohibited by the provisions of Section 3 of this Act, or who, after notification that the premises are so used, permits such use to be continued, is guilty of a misdemeanor and punishable by imprisonment in the county jail for not more than one year or by a fine of not more than five hundred dollars, or both.

Approved March 14, 1917.

MONTANA

An act defining criminal syndicalism, and the word sabotage; prohibiting the advocacy, teaching or suggestion thereof; and prohibiting the advocacy, teaching or suggestion of crime, violence, or the commission of any unlawful act or thing as a means to accomplish industrial or political ends, change or revolution; and prohibiting assemblages for the purpose of such advocacy, teachings or suggestions: declaring it unlawful to permit the use of any place, building, rooms or premises for such assemblages in certain cases; and providing penalties for the violation thereof.[745]