[181] Friedländer, Roman life and manners, I, 253.

[182] Abbott, Society and politics in ancient Rome, 95.

[183] Ibid., 98-99.

[184] Friedländer, Roman life and manners, I, 247.

[185] Duruy, History of Rome, V, 254.

[186] Fowler, Social life at Rome, 143-144.

[187] Friedländer, Roman life and manners, I, 243.

[188] Dean, History of civilization, III, 214.

[189] Preston and Dodge, The private life of the Romans, 99.

[190] Preston and Dodge, The private life of the Romans, 104.

[191] Guhl and Koner, The life of the Greeks and Romans, 500.

[192] Friedländer, Roman life and manners, I, 228.

[193] Duruy, History of Rome, V, 242.

[194] Dean, History of civilization, III, 250.

[195] Duruy, History of Rome, V, 285.

[196] Preston and Dodge, The private life of the Romans, 132-134.

[197] Dean, History of civilization, III, 240.

[198] Laurie, Pre-Christian education, 342.

[199] Clarke, Children at Rome, 67.

[200] Adams, Civilization during the middle ages, 9-10.

[201] Adams, Civilization during the middle ages, 197.

[202] Emerton, Medieval Europe, 518.

[203] Garnier, Annals of the British peasantry, 141.

[204] Abram, English life and manners in the later middle ages, 30.

[205] Thwing, The family, 56-57.

[206] Hallam, Middle Ages, II, 179, quotes from Palgrave the following, coming under Norman times: "By the declaration of the husband at the church door, the wife was endowed in the presence of the assembled relations, and before all the merry attendants of the bridal train."

[207] Traill, Social England, I, 215-216.

[208] Abram, English life and manners in the later middle ages, 119.

[209] Dean, History of civilization, VI, 203.

[210] Abram, English life and manners in the late middle ages, 167.

[211] Garnier, Annals of the British peasantry, 196.

[212] Ibid., 201.

[213] Traill, Social England, I, 106-108.

[214] Donaldson, Woman, 180.

[215] Froude, History of England, I, 70.

[216] Froude, History of England, I, 76-77.

[217] Compayré, History of pedagogy, 65-66.

[218] Ibid., 67.

[219] Gray, The children's crusade, 78-80.

[220] Hecker, Epidemics of the middle ages, 353.

[221] Eggleston, Social conditions in the colonies, Century magazine, VI, 852.

[222] Eggleston, Social conditions in the colonies, Century magazine, VI, 863.

[223] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 88-89.

[224] Eggleston, Social conditions in the colonies, Century magazine, VI, 856.

[225] Eggleston, The colonists at home, Century magazine, VII, 877.

[226] Earle, Colonial days in Old New York, 102-103.

[227] Eggleston, The colonists at home, Century magazine, VII, 877.

[228] Eggleston, The colonists at home, Century magazine, VII, 879.

[229] Earle, Home life in colonial days, 68.

[230] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 128-129.

[231] Eggleston, Social life in the colonies, Century magazine, VIII, 403.

[232] Calhoun, Social history of the American family, I, 276.

[233] Calhoun, Social history of the American family, I, 278.

[234] Earle, Colonial days in old New York, 164-166.

[235] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 42.

[236] Stiles, Bundling: Its origin, progress, and decline in America, 13.

[237] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 64.

[238] Eggleston, Social life in the colonies, Century magazine, VIII, 390.

[239] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 66.

[240] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 74-75.

[241] Howard, History of matrimonial institutions, II, 331.

[242] Calhoun, Social history of the American family, I, 92.

[243] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 79-80.

[244] Ibid., 36.

[245] Calhoun, Social history of the American family, I, 70.

[246] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 43.

[247] Earle, Colonial days in old New York, 54.

[248] Ibid., 54.

[249] Calhoun, Social history of the American family, I, 247-248.

[250] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 38-39.

[251] Ibid., 37.

[252] Calhoun, Social history of the American family, I, 165.

[253] Eggleston, The colonists at home. Century magazine, VII, 887.

[254] Earle, Costume of colonial times, 31-32.

[255] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 316.

[256] Ibid., 316.

[257] Earle, Home life in colonial days, 286.

[258] Eggleston, The colonists at home, Century magazine, VII, 891.

[259] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 327.

[260] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 319.

[261] Earle, Costume of colonial times, 28-29.

[262] Earle, Costume of colonial times, 26-27.

[263] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 322.

[264] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 300.

[265] Eggleston, The colonists at home, Century magazine, VII, 888.

[266] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 290.

[267] Earle, Diary of Anna Green Winslow, 19.

[268] Eggleston, The colonists at home, Century magazine, VII, 889.

[269] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 294.

[270] Earle, Colonial days in old New York, 182.

[271] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 296.

[272] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 302.

[273] Ibid., 304.

[274] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 308-309.

[275] Earle, Colonial days in old New York, 37.

[276] Earle, Costume of colonial times, 13.

[277] Earle, Costume of colonial times, 12.

[278] Ibid., 13.

[279] Earle, Diary of Anna Green Winslow, 17.

[280] Earle, Diary of Anna Green Winslow, 71.

[281] Earle, Home life in colonial days, 290.

[282] Earle, Child life in colonial days, 58.

[283] Earle, Colonial days in old New York, 183-184.

[284] Earle, Home life in colonial days, 136.

[285] Ibid., 120.

[286] Earle, Home life in colonial days, 122.

[287] Earle, Home life in colonial days, 110.

[288] Eggleston, The colonists at home, Century magazine, VII, 883.

[289] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 155.

[290] Eggleston, The colonists at home, Century magazine, VII, 886.

[291] Earle, Home life in colonial days, 111.

[292] Earle, Home life in colonial days, 154.

[293] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 163.

[294] Eggleston, The colonists at home, Century magazine, VII, 885.

[295] Earle, Home life in colonial days, 163.

[296] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 164.

[297] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 179.

[298] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 181.

[299] Earle, Home life in colonial days, 165.

[300] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 371.

[301] Earle, Child life in colonial days, 4.

[302] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 6.

[303] Ibid., 5.

[304] Earle, Child life in colonial days, 23.

[305] Earle, Child life in colonial days, 12.

[306] Ibid., 16.

[307] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 16.

[308] Earle, Child life in colonial days, 215, 216, 217.

[309] Earle, Colonial days in old New York, 16.

[310] Earle, Diary of Anna Green Winslow, 8.

[311] Earle, Child life in colonial days, 226.

[312] Earle, Diary of Anna Green Winslow, A Boston School Girl of 1771.

[313] Eggleston, Social conditions in the colonies, Century magazine, VI, 853.

[314] McMaster, History of the people of the United States, I, 27.

[315] Ibid., I, 29.

[316] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 361.

[317] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 343.

[318] Ibid., 344.

[319] Ibid., 340.

[320] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 337.

[321] Ibid., 353.

[322] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 353.

[323] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 376.

[324] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 365.

[325] Ibid., 385.

[326] Earle, Child life in colonial days, 8.

[327] Eggleston, Social life in the colonies, Century magazine, VIII, 401.

[328] Ibid.

[329] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 241.

[330] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 250.

[331] Eggleston, Social life in the colonies, Century magazine, VIII, 402.

[332] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 255.

[333] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 243.

[334] Ibid., 244.

[335] Eggleston, Social life in the colonies, Century magazine, VIII, 404.

[336] Eggleston, Social life in the colonies, Century magazine, VIII, 405.

[337] Ibid., 406.

[338] Earle, Colonial days in old New York, 212.

[339] Ibid., 18.

[340] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 18.

[341] Ibid., 17.

[342] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 18.

[343] Haddon, Cat's cradles from many lands.

[344] Earle, Child life in colonial days, 346.

[345] Ibid., 375.

[346] Earle, Colonial days in old New York, 22-23.

[347] Earle, Colonial days in old New York, 205.

[348] Earle, Child life in colonial days, 371-372.

[349] Earle, Colonial days in old New York, 19.

[350] Earle, Colonial days in old New York, 20-22.

[351] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 20.

[352] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 214.

[353] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 217.

[354] Ibid., 223.

[355] Earle, Curious punishments of bygone days, 19.