Peckham, Mr. and Mrs., on memory in a spider, 207
Perception, analogies between reason and, 32;
constituted by fusions of sensations, 37;
in relation to other mental faculties, 48;
illusions of, 49
Perez on psychogenesis of the child, 26, 41, 158, 210
Philippine language. See Language
Philology. See Language
Pickering on poverty of savage languages in abstract terms, 352
Pictures recognized as portraits, &c., by infants, dogs, and monkeys, 188, 189
Pig taught to point game, 97
Poescher on the Aryan race, 273
Pointing, game by a pig, 97;
as the first stage of language, 157, 158
Polynesian languages. See Languages
Polysynthetic. See Languages
Pony, sign-making by, 97
Pott, on the origin of speech, 240;
on language-roots, 267;
on names for thunder, 286;
on fundamental metaphor, 344
Powers on the climate of California, 261
Pre-concepts, 185-193, 218, 219, 227-230, 278, 384, 386
Predication, 88, 89, 157, 162-164, 169, 171, 175, 227, 235-237, 294 et seq., 384, 386, 387, 422
Prepositions not differentiated in early forms of speech, 295 et seq.
Preyer, on psychogenesis of the child, 26, 219, 221, 222;
on sensuous computation of number, 57, 58
Primates. See Apes and Monkeys
Pritchard on Celtic languages, 275
Progress in successive generations, 12-15
Pronoun, first personal, 201, 232, 301, 387-389, 408, 409
Pronouns and pronominal elements, 210, 275;
not differentiated in early forms of speech, 295 et seq.;
origin of, in gestures, 301-304, 387, 421, 422
Proposition. See Predication
Psychogenesis. See Child
Psychology. See Mind
Q
Quadrumana. See Apes and Monkeys
R
Radical. See Languages
Ray on different tones used by the common hen, 96
Reason in relation to perception, 32;
to sensation, 37;
and to other mental faculties in general, 48
Recepts, defined, 36-39;
logic of, 40-69;
recognized by previous writers, 40-45;
in relation to the intellectual faculties, 48-50, 234;
examples of, in the animal kingdom, 51-63;
as primitive as percepts, 64-69;
of water-fowl, 74;
in relation to judgment and self-consciousness, 176-193;
as higher and lower, 184-193;
of the framers of Sanskrit, 277-279;
philologically prior to concepts, 343-349
Reflection in relation to reflex action, 48.
See also Thought
Reflex action, 48
Religion alleged to distinguish man from brute, 17, 19, 346
Renan on roots of Hebrew, 266
Rengger on different tones uttered by the cebus, 96
Reptiles, understanding by, of tones of human voice, 124
Ribot, Professor, on self-consciousness, 212
Richter on obliteration of the original meanings of words, 284
Romance languages. See Languages
Romanes, on teaching an ape to count, 58;
on intelligence of cebus, 60, 61;
on sign-making by caterpillars, 95, 96;
on pointing of setter-dogs, 97, 98;
on sign-making by other dogs, 100, 221;
on infant intelligence, 122, 159, 160, 188, 189, 218-220, 232, 283, 324;
on dogs and apes understanding words, 124-126;
on ideation of deaf-mutes, 149, 150
Rooks, intelligence of, 56, 57
Roots of language. See Language
S
Sandwith on poverty of savage languages in abstract terms, 352
Sanskrit. See Language
Sayce, Professor, on differences of degree and kind, 3;
on terms as abbreviated judgments, 170;
on the number of languages, 245;
on the affinities between languages, 250-259;
on monosyllabic origin of language, 268;
on civilization of the Aryan race, 272;
on antiquity of the Aryan race, 273;
on rarity of general terms in savage languages, 280;
on onomatopœia, 286;
on the clicks in the language of Hottentots, etc., 291, 373, 374;
on sentence-words, 299, 300, 303;
on the origin of pronouns, 302;
on the genitive case, the predicate, and the attribute, 305, 306, 313, 423;
on the evolution of nouns, adjectives, and verbs, 308;
on Aristotle’s logic as based on Greek grammar, 321;
on deficiency of savage languages in abstract terms, 352;
on Noiré’s theory of the origin of speech, 380
Schelling on parts of speech, 295, 296
Schlegel on the origin of speech, 240
Schleicher, on evolution of language, 241;
on formulæ of language-structure, 248
Scott, Dr., on psychology of idiots and deaf-mutes, 104, 105, 115, 116, 121
Scott, Sir Walter, on a dog understanding words, 125
Self-consciousness, condition to introspective reflection or thought, 175;
genesis of, 194-212;
philosophy and psychology of, 194, 195;
character of, in man and in brutes, 195-212;
as inward and outward, or receptual and conceptual, 199, 200;
growth of, in child, 200-212, 228, 229-234
Semitic. See Languages
Sensation in relation to perception and reason, 37;
and to other mental faculties in general, 48
Sentence and sentence-words, 296 et seq.
Sicard, Abbé, on syntax of gesture-language, 116
Sight, superior use of sense of, by man, 366, 367
Signs and sign-making. See Language
Simple ideas. See Ideas
Skeat, Professor, on Aryan roots of English, 266
Skinner, Major, on intelligence of elephants, 98
Smith, Rev. S., on ideation of deaf-mutes, 150
Snakes, understanding by, of tones of human voice, 124
Solomon, quoted, 195
Somnambulism in animals, 149
Speech. See Language
Spider, intelligence of, 62, 63, 153, 207
Steinthal, on ideas, 45;
first issue of his Zeitschrift, 240;
on roots of language, 277;
on onomatopœia, 286;
on primitive forms of predication, 318
Stephen, Leslie, on intelligence of the dog, 54
Stephen, Sir James, on dependence of thought upon language, 85
Street, A. E., on vocabulary of a young child, 143, 144
Substantive. See Noun and Verb
Sullivan, Sir J., on talking birds, 130
on illusions of perception, 49;
on rise of self-consciousness in the growing child, 201-203, 207, 210, 212
Sweet, on animistic thought of primitive man, 275;
on the evolution of grammatical forms, 306, 315, 316
Syntax, of gesture-language, 107-120;
of different spoken languages, 246, 247;
of gesture-language in relation to that of early speech, 339-342, 385
Syriac language. See Language
T
Taine, on psychogenesis of the child, 26, 66, 67, 180, 181;
on self-consciousness, 212
Thought, distinguished from reason, 12;
dependent on language, 30, 31;
simplest element of, 165, 174, 215, 216;
animistic, of primitive and savage man, 275;
not necessary to naming, 226, 336-339
Toads, understanding by, of tones of human voice, 124
Tone. See Language
Tools, said to be only used by man, 19;
names of, derived from activities requiring only natural organs, 345-347;
used by monkeys, 382
Threlkeld on language of savages, 349
Transposition. See Languages
Tschudi, Baron von, on the Khetshua language, 262, 263
Turkish language. See Language
Tylor, on sign-making by Indians and deaf-mutes, 105-108, 113-117;
on articulate sounds instinctively made by deaf-mutes, 122;
on ideation of deaf-mutes, 150
V
Varro on roots of Latin, 267
Verbs, appropriately used by parrots, 130, 152;
early use of, by children, 219;
early origin of, 274;
not differentiated in early forms of speech, 295 et seq.;
development of, 275, 307, 308, 385, 386
Voice. See Language
Volition of man and brutes compared, 8
W
Waitz, Professor, on self-consciousness, 212;
on the sentence as the unit of language, 296
Wallace, A. R., on intelligence of savage man in relation to his cerebral development, 15, 16
Ward on the descent of man, 365
Wasps, sign-making by, 88-90
Watson on understanding of words by brutes, 125
Wedgwood, on roots of language, 268;
on onomatopœia, 288
Westropp, H. M., on intelligence of a bear, 51
Whitney, Professor, on dependence of thought upon words, 83;
on superiority of voice to gesture in sign-making, 147, 148;
on our ignorance of polysynthetic languages, 255, 256;
on monosyllabic origin of language, 267;
on civilization of the Aryan race, 272;
on the growth of language, 290;
on priority of words to sentences, 333, 334;
on fundamental metaphor, 343;
on the possibly speechless condition of primitive man, 369
Wildman on bees understanding tones of human voice, 124
Wilkes, Dr. S., on talking birds, 131, 132, 136
Will. See Volition
Wolf, intelligence of, 53
Wright, Chauncey, on language in relation to brain-weight, 16;
on self-consciousness, 199, 206, 207, 212
Wundt, Professor, on latent period in seeing and hearing, 146;
on self-consciousness, 197, 200, 201, 208, 211, 212;
on evolution of language, 265;
on the distinction between ideas as general and generic, 279, 280;
on objective phraseology of primitive speech, 301;
on sentence-words, 304
Y
Youatt on a pig being taught to point game, 97
Z
Zend language. See Language
Zoological affinity between man and brute, 19