• {163}

    INDEX

    • “A” and “an,” spacing of, 60.
    • “a” (negative prefix), compounds of, 50.
    • Abbreviations,
      • use of period with, 12;
      • of firms and corporations; capitalization of, 23;
      • of degrees, capitalization of, 25;
      • of titles and States, spacing of, 59–60;
      • of italicized words in literary and legal references, 64;
      • of dates and usages thereto, 65;
      • of proper names, 66;
      • of Christian names, 66–68;
      • of titles, 68–75;
      • of commercial terms, 76–77;
      • of geographical terms, 77–81;
      • miscellaneous, 81–89;
      • scriptural, 90;
      • of monetary signs, 90–91;
      • of mathematical signs, 91–92;
      • of medical signs, 92;
      • not used in salutation of letters, 117.
    • -able and -ible,
      • spelling of words terminating in, 38–39;
      • in division of words, 53.
    • Abstract ideas: capitalization of personified, 23.
    • Accents:
      • list of symbols, 2;
      • list of accented words, 36–37;
      • retention of, in foreign words used in English, 36–37.
    • “Accept,” correct use of, 101.
    • Acts, juridical, capitalization of, 27.
    • A.D. (anno Domini):
      • set in small caps, 30;
      • spacing of, 59.
    • “Addenda,” plural of addendum, 109.
    • Address (of letters) the: business, formal, and informal, 116.
    • Adjectival nouns, capitalization of, 24.
    • Adjectives:
      • use of comma with, 4, 5, 8;
      • capitalization of, in titles of books and essays, 26;
      • capitalization, with proper names, 26;
      • compound, 46;
      • ending in -ical, how to divide, 54.
    • ad loc., italicized, 64.
    • “Administration,” capitalization of, 25.
    • “Admire,” correct use of, 101.
    • “Admit,” correct use of, 101.
    • “Admittance,” correct use of, 99.
    • Adverbs:
      • use of comma with, 4, 5;
      • ending in “-ly” not to be hyphenated with adjectives and participles, 46;
      • compound, treatment of, 51;
      • position of, 101.
    • æ, rules for use of, 33.
    • “Affable,” correct use of, 101.
    • “Affect,” correct use of, 101.
    • Ages, to be spelled out, 32.
    • “Aggravate,” correct use of, 101.
    • “Ain’t,” correct use of, 101.
    • Alford, Dean: on use of the comma, 4.
    • Algebraic, unknown quantities italicized, 64.
    • Alignment, of quotation marks, 16.
    • Alliances, political, capitalization of names of, 27.
    • “All right,” correct use of, 101.
    • “Alternative,” correct use of, 101.
    • A.M. (ante meridiem):
      • set in small capitals, 30;
      • spacing of, 59.
    • Ampere. See Electrical measures.
    • Ampersand (&), the use of, 66.
    • Analogy of language, influence in diction, 99.
    • “And,”
      • correct use of, 101;
      • when to use comma before, 5.
    • “Ante,” compounds with, 50.
    • “Anti,” compounds with, 50.
    • Antithetical clauses. See Clauses.
    • “Any place,” use of, 101.
    • Apocrypha, list of abbreviations for, 90.
    • Apostrophe:
      • rules for use of, 18–19;
      • in designating the possessive case, 18;
      • in forming plurals of numerals, 19;
      • in forming plurals of polysyllabic proper nouns ending in a sibilant, 19;
      • in indicating omission of letters or figures, 19;
      • in indicating omission of letters in contracted words, 19;
      • omission of, in words contracted in poetry, 19.
    • Apothecaries’ weight, table of, 150.
    • “Apparently,” correct use of, 101.
    • “Apt,” correct use of, 102.
    • Art, titles of works of, to be quoted, 17.
    • Articles:
      • definite, not to be treated as part of title of magazines and newspapers, 30;
      • correct use of, 102.
    • “As,” correct use of, 102.
    • Astronomical terms:
      • capitalization of, 23;
      • names of stars and constellations, italicized, 64.
    • “At,” correct use of, 102.
    • “At length,” correct use of, 102.
    • “Aught,” correct use of, 102.
    • “Avail,” correct use of, 102.
    • Avoirdupois weight, table of, 150.
    • “Aware,” correct use of, 102.
    • “Awful,” correct use of, 102.
    • “Badly,” correct use of, 102.
    • “Bank on,” use of, 102.
    • Barrels, measures of, in gallons, 159.
    • B.C. (before Christ):
      • set in small caps, 30;
      • spacing of, 59.
    • “Beg,” correct use of, 103.
    • Bells, use of on board ship, 161.
    • “Bi-,” compounds with, 50.
    • Bible:
      • capitalization of names of books, divisions and versions of, 20;
      • abbreviations for books of, 90.
    • Biblical:
      • parables, capitalization of, 20;
      • general terms, capitalization of, 21;
      • capitalization of names and terms of, 20–21;
      • books, abbreviations for, 90.
    • Blocked indention:
      • in general, 56;
      • of address of letters, 116.
    • Books:
      • capitalization of titles, 26;
      • italicizing of titles, 62;
      • biblical abbreviations of, 90.
    • Botanical terms:
      • capitalization of, 23;
      • names of genera and species, italicized, 64.
    • Box-heads, omission of period after, 12.
    • Brackets, rules for use of, 18.
    • Break, or sudden change in sentence, indicated by dash, 13.
    • Briefness of form preferred, 99.
    • “Bring,” use of, 103.
    • British Dependencies, weights and measures of, 159.
    • British weights and measures, 153.
    • “Brother,” compounds with, 47.
    • Builders’ measures, table of, 157.
    • Buildings, capitalization of names of, 23.
    • Business letter. See Letter.
    • “But,” correct use of, 103.
    • “By,” compounds with, 48.
    • C, soft, do not divide on, 53.
    • “Cabinet,” capitalization of, 25.
    • Campbell, Dr. Thomas, canons of, 99–100.
    • “Can,” distinguished from may, 103.
    • Canada, postal rates to, 135.
    • “Cannot but,” correct use of, 103.
    • “Can’t seem,” correct use of, 103.
    • Capitalization:
      • of religious terms, 20–22;
      • of proper names, 22–24;
      • of titles, 24–26;
      • of institutional terms, 26–28;
      • of references, 28;
      • of ordinals, 29;
      • in general, 29–30;
      • of abbreviation of academic degrees, 25;
      • of abstract ideas personified, 23;
      • of acts juridical, 27;
      • of adjectives derived from proper nouns, 22;
      • of adjectives and nouns designating definite geographical regions, 22;
      • of astronomical terms, 23;
      • of political alliances, 27;
      • of books of the Bible, 20;
      • of titles of books, 26;
      • of botanical terms, 23;
      • of buildings, 23;
      • of “church,” 20;
      • of civic titles, 25;
      • of word following a colon, 26;
      • of compound titles, 21;
      • of hyphenated compounds, 29;
      • of sessions of Congress, 29;
      • of conventions, 25;
      • of corporations — names and abbreviations, 23;
      • of names of dynasties, 29;
      • of ecclesiastical appellations, 26;
      • of epithets used as proper names, 22;
      • of titles of essays, 26;
      • of “father,” 22;
      • of “Fathers” — early church, 22;
      • of foreign titles, as prefixes, 25–26;
      • of geographical terms, 22–23;
      • of geological terms, 23;
      • of “gospel,” 20–21;
      • of “government,” 25;
      • of historical epochs, 22;
      • of holidays, 26–27;
      • of judiciary bodies, 28;
      • of names of laws, 27;
      • of names of legislative bodies, 28;
      • of letters (correspondence), 29;
      • of units of measurement, 29–30;
      • of medical terms, 23;
      • of military terms, 25;
      • of monastic orders, 20;
      • of “mother,” 24;
      • of months of year, 23;
      • of names for the Evil One, 21;
      • names of political parties, 27;
      • names of races, tribes, etc., 27;
      • names of regiments, 29;
      • of names of societies, 25;
      • of popular names for the solar system, 23;
      • of streets, parks, etc., 23;
      • of titles of parables (biblical), 20;
      • of titles of periodicals, 30;
      • of “Pilgrim Fathers,” 22;
      • of poetry, 29;
      • of political alliances, 27;
      • of political divisions, 28;
      • of pronouns referring to the Deity, 21;
      • of quotations, 29–30;
      • of “revolutionary,” 22;
      • of scientific terms, 23;
      • of social organizations, 25;
      • of side-heads, 29;
      • of “State,” 24–25;
      • of words on title-pages, 30;
      • of names of treaties, 27;
      • of “van” and “von” as prefixes, 25–26;
      • of words with special meanings, 29;
      • of zoölogical terms, 23;
      • rules for, 20–30.
    • Capitalized words, list of:
      • religious, 21;
      • proper, 24.
    • Capitals:
      • original use of, 20;
      • rules for use of, 20–30;
      • and small capitals, rules for use of, 28–30;
      • how indicated in MS., 30.
    • Cases: confusion of, 103.
    • Caxton: his influence on punctuation, 9.
    • Centered head-lines, omission of period after, 12.
    • Centigrade. See Thermometers.
    • Centuries, numbers of, to be spelled out, 32.
    • cf., to be set in roman, 64.
    • “Cherubim,” plural of cherub, 109.
    • “Childlike,” correct use of, 103.
    • Christ, pronouns referring to, how capitalized, 21.
    • Christian names, abbreviation of, 66–68.
    • “Church,” when capitalized, 20.
    • Circa (ca.), italicized, 64.
    • Circular measure, table of, 151.
    • Circulars, postal rates and regulations for, 130.
    • Citation of legal causes:
      • names of, italicized, 64;
      • of author’s own words, quotation marks used, 16;
      • of different works by same author or by different authors without intervening original matter, to be quoted, 16.
    • Civil titles, capitalization of, 25.
    • Classes of mail, rates, etc., 129–132.
    • Clauses, use of comma with:
      • inverted, 5;
      • independent, 6;
      • relative, 6;
      • dependent, 6;
      • parenthetical, 5;
      • co-ordinate, 6;
      • antithetical, 7;
      • Use of dash before concluding clause, 13.
    • Cloth measure, table of, 151.
    • “Co-,” compounds with, 47–48.
    • Coins, foreign: list of, showing comparative values, 145–147.
    • “College,” capitalization of, 27.
    • Colon:
      • definition and use of, 10–11;
      • capitalization, following use of, 26, 29, 30;
      • use of in formal salutatory phrases beginning letters, 11, 117;
      • in titles of literary references, 11;
      • of names of publishers, 11;
      • first word following, in quotation, capitalized, 11;
      • use of, with quotation-marks, 11;
      • before formal quotations, 11;
      • separating chapter and verse in scriptural references, 11;
      • in separating divisions of time, 11;
      • use of hair-space before, 59;
      • separating city of publication and publisher’s name, 11.
    • “Colonel,” when spelled in full, and when abbreviated, 68–69.
    • “Color,” hyphenization of compounds of, 46.
    • “Come,” correct use of, 103.
    • Comma:
      • definition and use of, 4;
      • when omitted, 7–8;
      • omitted between two adjectives, 4;
      • use of, with adverbs, 4, 5;
      • with adjectives, 4, 5;
      • before “but,” 6.
      • With clauses:
        • antithetical, 7;
        • co-ordinate, 6, 7;
        • dependent, 6;
        • parenthetical, 5;
        • and relative, 6.
      • Use of:
        • with conjunctions, 4–7;
        • separating degrees from names of persons, 7;
        • indicating ellipses, 7;
        • separating numbers, 7;
        • with quotation-marks, 4;
        • with phrases, inverted and in opposition, 5–6;
        • before “of” in connection with residence, 7;
        • in salutatory phrase, 7, 117;
        • in inverted sentences, 5;
        • separating titles from names, 6;
        • separating vocative words, 7;
        • substitution of dashes for, 14;
        • use of with exclamation point, 15;
        • rules for use of, 4–8;
        • omitted with pronouns used with nouns for emphasis, 8.
    • Comments, notes of, inclosed in brackets, 18.
    • Commercial terms, abbreviation of, 76–77.
    • “Common,” correct use of, 103.
    • “Company”:
      • capitalization of, 23;
      • abbreviation of, 66;
      • use of (&) with, 66.
    • Compass:
      • capitalization of points of, 22, 23, 24;
      • hyphenization of points of, 49.
    • Complimentary close, of letters, 121.
    • Compound:
      • adjectives, 46;
      • adverbs, 51.
    • Compound titles, spelling, abbreviation, and capitalization of, 68–96.
    • Compound words:
      • general theory of and rules for, 45–51;
      • list of, 49;
      • division of, to be avoided, 54.
    • Compounds, hyphenated: capitalization of, 29.
    • Compounds, with:
      • “a-” (negative prefix), 50;
      • “ante,” 50;
      • “anti,” 50;
      • “bi,” 50;
      • “brother,” 47;
      • “by,” 48;
      • “co,” 47–48;
      • “daughter,” 47;
      • “demi,” 50;
      • “deutero,” 51;
      • “elect,” 47;
      • “electro,” 51;
      • “ex,” 47;
      • “extra,” 48;
      • “eye,” 51;
      • “father,” 47;
      • “fellow,” 47;
      • “foster,” 47;
      • “general,” 47;
      • “god,” 47;
      • “half,” 47;
      • “holder,” 51;
      • “in,” 50;
      • “infra,” 48;
      • “inter,” 50;
      • “intra,” 50;
        • (negative prefix), 50;
      • “life,” 47;
      • “like,” 49;
      • “man,” 49;
      • “master,” 47;
      • “mid,” 46;
      • “monger,” 51;
      • “mother,” 47;
      • “non-,” 50;
      • “over,” 50;
      • “parent,” 47;
      • “post,” 50;
      • “pre,” 47–48;
      • “pseudo,” 51;
      • “quarter,” 47;
      • “quasi,” 48;
      • “re,” 47–48;
      • “school,” 51;
      • “self,” 47;
      • “semi,” 48, 50;
      • “sister,” 47;
      • “sub,” 50;
      • “sulpho,” 51;
      • “super,” 50;
      • “supra,” 48;
      • “thermo,” 51;
      • “to,” 50;
      • “tree,” 49;
      • “tri,” 50;
      • “ultra,” 48;
      • “un” (negative prefix), 50;
      • “under,” 50;
      • “vice,” 46;
      • “woman,” 49;
      • “world,” 47.
    • Concealed mail matter, law concerning, 133.
    • “Confess,” use of, 103.
    • Congress:
      • sessions of, capitalization, 29;
      • numbers of, spelled out, 32.
    • Conjunctions:
      • use of comma with, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8;
      • capitalization of, in titles of books and essays, 26.
    • “Conscious,” correct use of, 103.
    • Consonants, construction of, rules for division of words, 52–53.
    • Constellations, names of, italicized, 64.
    • “Constitution,” capitalization of, 25.
    • “Continual,” correct use of, 103.
    • Contraction of word, use of apostrophe, 19.
    • Conventions, capitalization of names of, 25.
    • Co-ordinate clauses. See Clauses.
    • Corporations, capitalization of names, of abbreviations, and of “Co.,” 23.
    • Corrections, indicated by use of brackets, 18.
    • Correctness, a requisite of discourse, 99.
    • Credits, italicizing of, 62.
    • Criticisms, indicated by use of brackets, 18.
    • Cuba, postal rates to, 135.
    • Cubic measure, table of, 152.
    • Cut-in side notes, omission of period after, 12.
    • Dashes:
      • use of, with changed construction, dates, abrupt terminations, rhetorical emphasis, verse and page references, short, snappy sentences, omitted letters, concluding clauses, 13;
      • for separating subject-matter from its authority, 13;
      • to precede addition to completed sentence, 14;
      • substitution of, for commas or parenthesis, 14;
      • with colon, to mark long quotation, 14;
      • substitution of, for quotation-marks, 14;
      • misuse of, 12;
      • rules for, 13–14;
      • use in France, 14;
      • use of hair-space with, 59;
      • examples of, 60;
      • use of in salutatory phrases of letters, 117.
    • “Data,” plural of datum, 109.
    • Date-lines, omission of period after, 12.
    • Dates:
      • use of dash to connect, 13;
      • abbreviation of, 65–66;
      • st, d, rd, and th, to be omitted, 65;
      • of letters, where placed, when capitalized and italicized, 30;
      • ult., inst., and prox., not used, 65;
      • the Dewey, 66;
      • of letters, 115.
    • “Daughter,” compounds with, 47.
    • Days of week:
      • capitalization of, 23;
      • abbreviation of, 65–66.
    • “Deadly,” correct use of, 103.
    • Decades, specific references to, spelled out, 32.
    • “Decided,” correct use of, 104.
    • “Definite,” correct use of, 104.
    • Degrees:
      • capitalization and abbreviations of, 25;
      • use of comma separating, from name of person, 6.
    • “Demean,” correct use of, 104.
    • “Demi,” compounds with, 50.
    • Dependent clauses, use of comma, 6.
    • Derivation, influence of, in division, 52, 53.
    • “Deutero,” compounds with, 51.
    • Devil. See Evil One.
    • Dewey abbreviations of dates, the, 66.
    • Diction,
      • correct and faulty, 99–113;
      • Dr. Campbell’s canons, 99;
      • use of standard authors, 100;
      • list of words and phrases, 101–113.
    • Dictionary, the function of, 100.
    • “Different,” correct use of, 104.
    • Diphthongs, general rules for, 33.
    • Directions, use of brackets in indicating, 18.
    • “Directly,” use of, 104.
    • Disbelief, in statement, indicated by use of exclamation-point, 15.
    • “Discover,” correct use of, 104.
    • Display composition, use of period after, 12.
    • Division of words:
      • rules for, 52–54;
      • avoid unnecessary, 52;
      • on two letters to be avoided, 53.
    • Divisional mark, avoid separating from matter it pertains to, 54.
    • Dollars ($),
      • no space between symbol and following figures, 60;
      • table of monetary signs, 90–91.
    • Domestic postal rates, 134.
    • “Donne,” plural of donna, 109.
    • “Don’t,” correct use of, 104.
    • Drop-folios, enclosed by brackets, 18.
    • Dry measure, table of, 150.
    • Dynasties:
      • capitalization of names, 29;
      • numbers of, to be spelled out, 32.
    • “Each other,” correct use of, 104.
    • Ecclesiastical appellations, capitalization of, 26.
    • “Effect,” correct use of, 104.
    • e.g., set in roman, 64.
    • “Egoists,” correct use of, 104.
    • “Either,” correct use of, 104.
    • “Elect,” compounds with, 47.
    • Electrical measures, 155–156.
    • “Electro,” compounds with, 51.
    • Ellipses:
      • comma indicating, 7;
      • period indicating, 12;
      • to be treated as part of quotation, 17.
    • Emphasis, rhetorical:
      • use of dash to secure, 13;
      • of exclamation-point, 15;
      • of paragraph, 57–58;
      • of italics, 62.
    • En échelon indention:
      • described, 56;
      • use of in addressing letters, 116;
    • “Enormity,” correct use of, 104.
    • “Enthuse,” (verb) correct use of, 104.
    • Enumerations, use of parentheses in connection with letters or figures used to express subdivisions in, 18.
    • Envelopes, rules for addressing, 123–124.
    • Epithets:
      • capitalized when used as proper names, 22;
      • hyphenization of compound personal, 49.
    • Essays, capitalization of titles, 26.
    • etc., quotation-marks to include, 17.
    • Euphony, authority of, 100.
    • European countries, weights and measures of, 159–160.
    • “Every place,” written everywhere, 104.
    • Evil One, the capitalization of names for, 21.
    • “ex-,” prefixed to titles, 47.
    • “Excellent,” never qualified, 104.
    • “Except” (verb), correct use of, 104.
    • “Exceptional,” correct use of, 105.
    • Exclamation-point:
      • proper use of, 14–15;
      • with quotation-marks, 14–15;
      • origin, 15;
      • expressing strong emotion, 15;
      • sarcasm or doubt, 15;
      • use of, with comma, 15;
      • as distinguished from vocative, 15;
      • use of hair-space preceding, 59.
    • “Expect,” correct use of, 105.
    • Expositions, capitalization of names of, 25.
    • “Extra,” compounds with, 48.
    • “Eye,” compounds with, 51.
    • Fahrenheit. See Thermometers.
    • “Falseness,” correct use of, 105.
    • Family names, capitalization of, 24.
    • “Fathers”:
      • capitalization of, 24;
      • use of compounds with, 47.
    • “Federal,” capitalization of, 25.
    • “Fellow,” compounds of, 47.
    • Figures:
      • rules for use of, 31–33;
      • use of apostrophe to indicate omission of, 19;
      • used to mark divisions in enumerations, to be placed in parentheses, 18;
      • percentage, figures always to be used, 31;
      • use of, in statistics, 32;
      • spacing of, 59;
      • spacing between, and $, £, 60.
    • “Fix,” correct use of, 105.
    • Foreign languages:
      • capitalization of titles, as von, le, da, etc., 25–26;
      • spelling of words ending in re (French), 36;
      • words and phrases, when italicized, 62–63;
      • list of italicized and not italicized words, 63;
      • use of accents, 36–37.
    • Foreign titles, capitalization of, 25–26.
    • Foreign words, plurals of. See Plurals.
    • Formal letter. See Letter.
    • “Former,” correct use of, 105.
    • Forwarding of mail matter, 132.
    • “Foster,” compounds with, 47.
    • Fractions, use of hyphens in spelling, 48.
    • France, use of dash in, 14.
    • French endings in re, not to be used, 36.
    • G, soft, do not divide on, 53.
    • “General,” compounds with, 47.
    • “Gentleman,” correct use of, 105.
    • “Gentleman friend,” to be avoided, 105.
    • Geographical terms:
      • capitalization of, 22;
      • abbreviations of, 77–81.
    • Geological terms:
      • capitalization of, 23;
      • italicized, 64.
    • Geometric symbols, as unknown quantities, italics, 64.
    • “Go,” correct use of, 105.
    • God:
      • pronouns referring to, capitalization of, 21;
      • compounds with, 47.
    • “Gospel,” when capitalized, 20–21.
    • “Got,” correct use of, 105.
    • “Gotten”:
      • obsolete, 105;
      • improper use of, 105.
    • “Government,” capitalization of, 25.
    • Governmental terms, capitalization of, 25.
    • Grain and Hay, measures of, 157–158.
    • “Guess,” correct use of, 105.
    • Hair-space, use of, 59–61.
    • “Half,” compounds with, 47.
    • Half-diamond indention, 56.
    • “Hanged,” distinguished from hung, 105.
    • Hanging indention, described, 56.
    • “Hardly,” never preceded by not, 105.
    • “He,” correct use of, 105.
    • Headings:
      • capitalization of certain words, 30;
      • of letters (correspondence), 115.
    • Head-lines, omission of period after, 12.
    • “Healthful,” correct use of, 105.
    • “Her,” correct use of, 106.
    • “Him,” correct use of, 106.
    • Historical epochs, capitalization of appellation for, 24.
    • “Hoi polloi,” never preceded by the, 106.
    • “Holder,” compounds with, 51.
    • Holidays, capitalization of names of, 26–27.
    • “Holy,” capitalization of, 21.
    • “Honorable,” correct use of, 106.
    • Honorary titles, capitalization of, 25.
    • “Hung,” distinguished from hanged, 106.
    • Hyphenated compounds:
      • capitalization of, 29;
      • avoid division of, 54.
    • Hyphenization, rules for, 45–51.
    • Hyphens:
      • list of hyphenated words, 49;
      • rules for use of, 45–51;
      • purpose of, 19;
      • use of hair-space with, 59.
      • See Compounds.
    • “I”:
      • capitalization of word, 29.
      • See under Me.
    • Ibid., italicized, 64.
    • -ible and -able. See -able.
    • -ical, in divisions, 54.
    • Idem, italicized, 64.
    • i.e., set in roman, 64.
    • “If,” correct use of, 106.
    • Illustrations, legends beneath, omission of period, 12.
    • “In,” correct use of, 106.
    • “In-” (negative prefix), compounds with, 50.
    • Indention:
      • rules for, 55–56;
      • prose, each paragraph indented, 55;
      • numbered paragraphs, treatment of, 55;
      • of poetry, reverse indention, 55;
      • of quotations, 55;
      • different forms of, viz.: En échelon, Hanging, Half-diamond, Lozenge, Blocked, and Irregular, 55–56;
      • use of in addressing letters, 116.
    • Independent sentences, first word capitalized after colon, 29.
    • Infinitive, the, never separated from to, 106.
    • Informal letter. See Letter.
    • “Infra,”
      • compounds with, 48;
      • italicization of, 64.
    • -ing: verbal nouns (ending in) distinguished from participles, 106.
    • Initials, not to be divided, 54.
    • “Inside of,” distinguished from within, 106.
    • Inst., not used, 65.
    • Institutional terms, capitalization of, 26–28.
    • “Inter,” compounds with, 50.
    • International money orders, fees for, 137.
    • Interrogation-point:
      • origin of, 15;
      • use of, with quotations, 16;
      • after direct questions, 16;
      • to express doubt, 16;
      • omission in indirect questions, 16;
      • use of hair-space preceding, 59.
    • “Intra,” compounds with, 50.
    • “Invent,” distinguished from discover, 106.
    • Ironical word or phrase, use of quotation marks for, 17.
    • Irregular indention, described, 55.
    • -ise and -ize, spelling of words terminating in, 37–38.
    • Italicizing:
      • of abbreviations in literary and legal references, 64;
      • of ad loc., 64;
      • of algebraic unknown quantities, 64;
      • of astronomical names, 64;
      • of titles of books, 62;
      • of names of botanical genera and species, 64;
      • of names in citations of legal causes, 64;
      • of circa (ca.), 64;
      • of names of constellations, 64;
      • of credits, at end of article, 62;
      • for purpose of emphasis, 62;
      • of names of geological subjects, 64;
      • of geometric unknown quantities, 64;
      • of ibid., 64;
      • of idem, 64;
      • of infra, 64;
      • of loc. cit., 64;
      • of literary references, 64;
      • of names of scientific genera and species, 64;
      • of stars, 64;
      • of titles of newspapers and periodicals, 64;
      • of op. cit., 64;
      • of passim, 64;
      • of poetry, 62;
      • in prefaces, 62;
      • of word “Resolved,” 64;
      • in running heads, 62;
      • of abbreviations of “shillings,” “pence,” 64;
      • of names of ships, 62;
      • of side-heads, 62;
      • of signatures, 62;
      • of supra, 64;
      • of s.v., 64;
      • of vide, 64;
      • of zoölogical genera, 64;
      • rules for, 62–64;
      • lists of foreign words, italicized and not, 62–64;
      • of dates in letters, 30.
    • Italics:
      • origin of, 62;
      • rules for, 62–64;
      • list of foreign words and phrases not italicized, 63;
      • list of italicized words, 63;
      • how to indicate in MS., 64;
      • italic punctuation marks, following, 64.
    • J, do not divide on, 53.
    • Journals. See Periodicals.
    • Judiciary bodies, capitalization of names of, 28.
    • Juridical acts, treaties, etc., capitalization of names of, 27.
    • Kerned letters, spacing of, 60.
    • “Kind,” correct use of, 106.
    • “Kind of,” not followed by a or an, 106.
    • “Lady.” See under Gentleman.
    • “Lady friend.” See under Gentleman friend.
    • Language, must convey writer’s meaning, 99.
    • “Last,” distinguished from latest, 107.
    • “Latter,” correct use of, 107.
    • Laws, capitalization of names of, 27.
    • “Lay,” distinguished from lie, 107.
    • Legal references, words, phrases, and abbreviations italicized, 64.
    • Legends, omission of period after, 12.
    • Legislative bodies, capitalization of names of, 28.
    • “Less,” distinguished from fewer, 107.
    • Letter, Business:
      • heading, 115;
      • address, 116;
      • salutation, 116;
      • text of, 118;
      • complimentary close, 121;
      • signature, 122;
      • envelope, 123;
      • correct example of, 126.
    • Letter, Formal:
      • heading, 115;
      • address, 116;
      • salutation, 117–118;
      • text of, 120;
      • complimentary close, 122;
      • signature, 122;
      • envelope, 123;
      • correct examples of, 126–128.
    • Letter, Informal:
      • heading, 115;
      • address, 116;
      • salutation, 117;
      • text of, 120;
      • complimentary close, 121–122;
      • signature, 122;
      • envelope, 123;
      • correct examples of, 126–128.
    • Letter writing:
      • introductory remarks on, 114;
      • rules for, 115–125;
      • examples of correct, 126–128;
      • the signature, 122–123;
      • envelope, 123–124;
      • postal cards, 125;
      • in general, 125;
      • business, formal, informal, treatment of, 115–122.
    • Letters (correspondence):
      • capitalization, punctuation, etc., rules for, 11, 12, 29;
      • dates, where placed and when capitalized, 30;
      • postal regulations, 129–141.
    • Letters:
      • use of dash to indicate omission of, 13;
      • use of apostrophe to indicate omission of, 19;
      • used to mark divisions in enumerations, to be set in parentheses, 18;
      • spacing of superior and inferior, 59.
    • “Liable,” distinguished from likely, 107.
    • “Life,” compounds with, 47.
    • “Like,” compounds with, 49.
    • “Likely,” correct use of, 107.
    • Linear measure, table of, 150.
    • Liquid measure, table of, 150.
    • Literary references: minor subdivisions, not capitalized, 28.
    • “Loan,” not used as a verb, 107.
    • “Locate,” distinguished from settle, 107.
    • Loc. cit., italicized, 64.
    • “Love,” distinguished from like, 107.
    • Lozenge indention, described, 56.
    • “Luxuriant,” distinguished from luxurious, 107.
    • “Mad,” distinguished from angry, 107.
    • Magazines. See Periodicals.
    • Mail matter:
      • first class, defined, 129;
      • second class, 129;
      • third class, 130;
      • fourth class, 131;
      • wrapping of, 132;
      • forwarding of, 132;
      • what cannot be mailed, 132;
      • concealed matter, 133;
      • domestic rates, 134;
      • foreign rates, 134;
      • rates for Cuba, Mexico, Canada, and Panama, 135;
      • foreign parcels post, 136;
      • money orders, 137;
      • international money orders, 137;
      • registered, domestic, and foreign, 138;
      • special delivery, 139;
      • postal distances and time from New York, 140.
    • “Major,” when spelled in full, 68.
    • “Man,”
      • compounds with, 49.
      • See under Gentleman.
    • Manuscript:
      • how to indicate capitals in, 30;
      • italics in, 64.
    • Manutius, Aldus:
      • relation to punctuation of, 3;
      • designer of italic types, 62.
    • Mariners’ measure, table of, 151.
    • “Master,” compounds with, 47.
    • Mathematical signs, list of, 91–92.
    • “May.” See under Can.
    • “Me,” correct use of, 107.
    • “Means,” either singular or plural, 107.
    • Measures:
      • tables of, and general rules for, 149–160;
      • linear, 150;
      • square, 150;
      • dry, 150;
      • liquid, 150;
      • paper, 151;
      • time, 151;
      • circular, 151;
      • cloth, 151;
      • mariners’, 151;
      • surveyors’, 151;
      • cubic, 152;
      • British, 152;
      • electrical, 155;
      • builders’, 157;
      • of timber and wood, 157;
      • grain, 157;
      • hay, 158;
      • yard, 158;
      • of barrels, 159;
      • in the British Dependencies, 159;
      • in European countries, 159–160.
    • Medical:
      • signs, list of, 92;
      • capitalization of, terms, 23.
    • “Memoranda,” plural of memorandum, 109.
    • Metric system:
      • of weights and measures, 149;
      • of equivalents, 152.
    • Mexico, postal rates to, 135.
    • “Mid,” compounds with, 46.
    • Military bodies, numbers of, spelled out, 32.
    • Miscellaneous measures, table of, 151.
    • Miscellaneous terms, abbreviations of, 81–89.
    • Monastic orders, capitalization of, 20.
    • Monetary signs,
      • abbreviations of, 90–91;
      • spacing of, 60.
    • Money order fees, 137.
    • “Monger,” compounds with, 51.
    • Months of year:
      • capitalization of, 23;
      • numbers preceding spelled out, 32;
      • abbreviations of, 65–66.
    • “Most,” avoid using for almost, 107.
    • “Mother”:
      • capitalization of, 24;
      • compounds with, 47.
    • “Must,” correct use of, 107.
    • “Mutual,” distinguished from common, 108.
    • Names:
      • capitalization of proper, 22–24;
      • of publishers, in literary references, use of colon, 11;
      • of societies, expositions, and conventions, capitalization of, 25;
      • of races, tribes, etc., capitalization of, 27;
      • abbreviation of proper, 66;
      • Christian, 66–68;
      • of scientific genera and species, italicized, 64;
      • of stars, italicized, 64.
    • “Negligence,” distinguished from neglect, 108.
    • “Neither,” correct use of, 108.
    • “News,” is singular, 108.
    • Newspapers:
      • titles of, article not treated as part of, 30;
      • titles of, italicized, 62;
      • postal rates and regulations for, 129.
    • New Testament, list of abbreviations for, 90.
    • “Nice,” correct use of, 108.
    • Nobility, capitalization of titles of, 25.
    • “No place,” written nowhere, 108.
    • “Non-,” compounds with, 50.
    • “Nor.” See under Or.
    • “Not . . . but,” double negative, 108.
    • Notes, use of brackets in enclosing, 18.
    • “Notorious,” correct use of, 108.
    • Nouns:
      • capitalization of geographical, simple and compounded, 22;
      • capitalization of, followed by capitalized roman numeral, 28;
      • hyphenization of, standing in objective relation to each other, 46–47;
      • formation of possessive case of common and proper, 18–19;
      • plural of polysyllabic proper ending in sibilant, how formed, 19;
      • verbal, ending in -ing, distinguished from participles, 106.
    • “Nowhere near,” vulgarism for not nearly, 108.
    • Number:
      • pronouns must agree with their antecedents, 108;
      • of nouns and verbs must agree, 108.
    • Numbers:
      • use of comma with, 7;
      • when to spell out, 31–33;
      • use of apostrophe to indicate omission of, 19;
      • percentage, figures always used, 31;
      • in statistics, figures used, 32;
      • in ordinary matter, of less than three digits, to be spelled out, 32;
      • in groups, varying in digits use figures, 32;
      • round, treatment of, 32;
      • commencing a sentence, spelled out, 32;
      • expressed in figures, not to be divided, 54.
    • Numerals:
      • use of period, following roman, 12;
      • of apostrophe in forming plural, 19;
      • roman, origin and early use of, 93–96;
      • list of roman and arabic, 96–97;
      • rules for use of roman, 98.
    • “O,” capitalization of word, 29.
    • œ, rules for use of 33.
    • “Of”:
      • correct use of, 108;
      • use of comma before, in connection with proper name, 7.
    • Ohm. See Electrical measures.
    • Op. cit., italicized, 64.
    • “Open punctuation,”
      • favored by best usage, 3–4;
      • and “close punctuation,” 3–4.
    • “Or,” correct use of, 108.
    • Orders, monastic, capitalization of, 20.
    • Ordinals, capitalization of, 29.
    • Orthography:
      • rules of, 33–36;
      • final f, l, or s, 33;
      • final consonant following diphthong, 33;
      • added terminations after final accented syllable, 33–34;
      • after diphthong or two vowels, 34;
      • after final syllable ending in two consonants, 34;
      • after final silent e, 34–35;
      • after ce or ge, 35;
      • after final e in participles, 35;
      • after final ie, 35;
      • after final y, 35–36;
      • of French endings in -re, 36;
      • of possessives of proper nouns, 36;
      • of -sion and -tion, 36;
      • of -or and -our, 34.
    • “Ought,” never combined with had, 109
    • -our, words ending in, 34.
    • “Out loud,” never used for aloud, 109.
    • “Over” compounds with, 50.
    • Panama, postal rates to, 135.
    • Paper measure, table of, 151.
    • Parables, biblical, capitalization of titles, 20.
    • Paragraphs,
      • explanation of, 57;
      • rules for, 55–58;
      • unity, 57;
      • emphasis, 57, 58;
      • length, 57;
      • coherence, 57;
      • connective words between related sentences, 58;
      • space used proportional to importance, 58;
      • length, 58;
      • indention of, 55, 57, 58, 60.
    • Parcel post,
      • domestic, 131, 162;
      • foreign, 136.
    • “Parent,” compounds of, 47.
    • Parentheses:
      • substitution of dashes for, 14;
      • use of, with interrogation-point, 16;
      • placing of period with, 11;
      • defined, 18;
      • use of, in figures or letters to mark divisions in enumerations, 18;
      • subdivided by brackets, 18.
    • Parenthetical clauses. See Clauses.
    • Parks, capitalization of names of, 23.
    • “Partake of,” never used for eat, 109.
    • Participles:
      • list of, how spelled, 37;
      • not to be hyphenated with adverbs ending in “-ly,” 46;
      • ending in -ing, distinguished from verbal nouns, 106.
    • Particles, in French, German, Italian, and Dutch, capitalization of, 25–26.
    • Parties, political, capitalization of names of, 27.
    • “Party,” never used for person, 109.
    • Passim, italicized, 64.
    • Pence. See Shillings.
    • Peoples, capitalization of names or epithets of, 27.
    • “Per,” correct use of, 109.
    • Percentage, use of figures in, 31.
    • “Perception,” correct use of, 109.
    • Periodicals:
      • titles of, definite article not to be treated as part of, 30;
      • use of italics for, 62;
      • postal rates, etc., 129.
    • Periods:
      • placing of, in connection with quotation-marks, 11;
      • rules for use of, 11–12;
      • omitted after running-heads, 12;
      • after box-heads in tables, 12;
      • after cut-in side notes, 12;
      • after centered head-lines, 12;
      • after legends, 12;
      • after subheads, 12;
      • after date-lines, 12;
      • after signatures, 12;
      • after titles, blocked headings, etc., 12;
      • after roman numerals, 12;
      • use of, after abbreviations, 12;
      • after a complete sentence, 12;
      • to indicate an ellipsis, 12.
    • Personifications: abstract ideas, capitalization of, 23.
    • Phrases:
      • inverted, use of comma, 5;
      • in apposition, use of comma, 6;
      • salutatory, use of comma, 7;
      • foreign, italicization of, 62–63.
    • “Pilgrim Fathers,” capitalization of, 22.
    • Plays, rule for references to, 66.
    • Plurals, of foreign words: cherub, memorandum, datum, donna, stratum, addendum, and rubai, 109.
    • P.M. (post meridiem):
      • set in small capitals, 30;
      • spacing of, 59.
    • Poetry:
      • rules for quotation alignment, in setting, 17;
      • titles of poems, to be quoted, 17;
      • omission of apostrophe in poems when word is contracted for meter, 19;
      • capitalization of first word of each line, 29;
      • indention of, 55;
      • italicizing of, 62.
    • Points of compass:
      • capitalization of, 22, 23, 24;
      • hyphenization, 49.
    • Political alliances, parties, divisions, capitalization of names of, 27, 28.
    • Political divisions, capitalization of, 28.
    • Possessive case, how designated, 19.
    • Possessives of proper nouns ending in s, how formed, 36.
    • “Post,” compounds with, 50.
    • Postal cards, use of, 125.
    • Postal regulations, 129–141.
    • Pounds (£), no space between symbol and preceding figures, 60.
    • “Pre-,” compounds with, 47–48.
    • Preface, use of italic in, 62.
    • Prefixes, “co-,” “pre-,” and “re-,” hyphenization of, 47–48.
    • Prepositions, capitalization of, in titles of books and essays, 26.
    • “President,”
      • capitalization of, 25;
      • when spelled in full, 68.
    • “Pretty,” correct use of, 109.
    • “Professor,” when spelled in full, 68.
    • Pronouns:
      • used with noun for emphasis, comma omitted, 8;
      • referring to Deity, capitalization of, 21.
    • Pronunciation, correct, influence of, in division of words, 52–54.
    • Proper names:
      • capitalization, of, 22–24;
      • abbreviation of, 66;
      • derivatives from, familiarly used, not capitalized, 24.
    • Proper nouns: formation of possessive, 36.
    • “Propose,” distinguished from purpose, 109.
    • Prox., not used, 65.
    • Psalms:
      • capitalization of titles of, 21;
      • capitalization of, 22.
    • “Pseudo,” compounds with, 51.
    • Publications:
      • use of colon in titles of literary references, 11;
      • use of italics for, 62.
    • Publishers: use of colon separating city of publication and name of, in literary references, 11.
    • Punctuation:
      • origin and purpose of, 3;
      • rules for, 3–19;
      • of headings of letters, 115;
      • “open” and “close,” 3–4.
    • Punctuation marks:
      • list of, 2;
      • after italics to be italic, 64.
    • Q, inseparable from u, 53.
    • “Quarter,” compounds with, 47.
    • “Quasi,” compounds with, 48.
    • Queries, when bracketed, 18.
    • Question-mark. See Interrogation-point.
    • “Quite,” correct use of, 109.
    • Quotation-marks:
      • use of, 16–17;
      • double and single, 16–17;
      • in poetry, 16;
      • in ellipses, 17;
      • repetition in paragraph beginnings, 17;
      • in titles of poems, books, etc., 17;
      • serial titles, 17;
      • names of ships, 17;
      • titles of works of art, 17;
      • words and phrases accompanied by definitions and specially emphasized, or intended to possess unusual, technical, or ironical meanings, 17;
      • use of colon with, 10;
      • substitution of dash for, 14;
      • use of comma with, 7;
      • use of colon and dash before, 14;
      • use of exclamation-point with, 15;
      • capitalization of first word in, 29;
      • following colon, 30;
      • use of hair-space inside, 59.
    • Quotations: indention of, 55.
    • Races, capitalization of names of, 27.
    • “Railroad,” to be spelled out, 66.
    • “Raise,” never used as noun, 109.
    • “Rarely ever,” vulgarism for rarely, 109.
    • Rates, postal, 129–132.
    • “Re-,” compounds with, 47–48.
    • -re, French ending not used, 36.
    • Réaumur. See Thermometers.
    • “Reference,” used with with not in, 109.
    • References,
      • capitalization of, nouns, 28;
      • literary references, 28;
      • use of colon in scriptural, 11;
      • italics used in words, phrases, and abbreviations of literary and legal, 64.
    • “Regard.” See under Reference.
    • Regiments, capitalization of names of, 29.
    • Regions, or parts of the world, proper capitalization of, 22–23.
    • Registered mail, domestic and foreign, regulations for, 138.
    • “Relative,” use of the word, 99.
    • Relative clauses, use of comma with, 6.
    • Religious terms, capitalization of, 20–22, 26.
    • Residence, use of comma before “of” in connection with, 7.
    • Resolutions:
      • word “Resolved” in, italicized, 64;
      • word “Whereas,” 26.
    • “Resolved,” in resolutions,
      • word following, to be capitalized, 26;
      • italicization of, 64.
    • Respect, capitalization of titles of, 25.
    • “Respect.” See under Reference.
    • “Reverend,” always preceded by the, 110.
    • Reverse indention, 55.
    • “Revolutionary,” capitalization of, 22.
    • Roman:
      • used in medical terms, 64;
      • in certain words and phrases, literary and legal, 64.
    • Roman numerals:
      • use of period after, 12.
      • See Numerals.
    • “Rubaiyat,” plural of rubai, 109.
    • Running-heads, period not used following, 12.
    • Salutatory phrase:
      • of letters, business, formal and informal, 116–118;
      • use of comma, 7.
      • See Phrase.
    • “Same,” not used as pronoun, 110.
    • “Same as,” distinguished from just as, 110.
    • Sarcasm, indicated by use of exclamation-point, 15.
    • “Scarcely.” See under Hardly.
    • “School,” compounds with, 51.
    • Scientific terms,
      • capitalization of, 23;
      • italicizing of, 64.
    • Scriptural terms, abbreviations of, 90.
    • Scripture, punctuation of:
      • comma, 9;
      • colon, 11;
      • dash, 13;
      • spacing of, references, 60.
    • Seasons, capitalization of, 23.
    • “Seldom ever.” See under Rarely ever.
    • “Self,” compounds with, 47.
    • “Semi,” compounds with, 48, 50.
    • Semicolon:
      • defined, 8, 9;
      • compared with comma, 9;
      • placing of, in connection with quotation-marks, 9;
      • rules for use of, 9;
      • dividing compound sentences, 9;
      • separating passages in Scripture references containing chapters, 9;
      • use of hair-space preceding, 59.
    • “Sensible of,” distinguished from sensitive to, 110.
    • Sentences:
      • first word of, capitalized, 29;
      • first word after colon capitalized in independent, 29;
      • connection of, in paragraph, 58.
    • Serial titles, to be quoted, 17.
    • “Set,” distinguished from sit, 110.
    • “Sewage,” correct use of, 110.
    • “Shall,” correct use of, 110.
    • “She.” See under Her.
    • Shillings and pence, abbreviations, s. and d., italics, 64.
    • Ships:
      • names of, quoted, 17;
      • names of, italicized, 62;
      • time and watch on board, 161.
    • “Should,” correct use of, 111.
    • “Show,” correct use of, 111.
    • “Show up,” vulgarism for expose, 111.
    • Side-heads:
      • capitalization of, 29;
      • italicizing of, 62.
    • Signatures,
      • omission of period after, 12;
      • italicizing of, 62;
      • general rules for, 122.
    • “Since,” correct use of, 111.
    • -sion and -tion, spelling of words terminating in, 39–40.
    • “Sister,” compounds with, 47.
    • “Size up,” vulgarism for estimate, 111.
    • Small capitals:
      • how indicated in MS., 30;
      • rules for, 30.
    • “So,” correct use of, 111.
    • Social organizations, capitalization of, 25.
    • Solar system, capitalization of popular names of, 23.
    • “Some,” correct use of, 111.
    • “Some one,” not a compound word, 51
    • “Some place,” written somewhere, 111.
    • “Sort.” See under Kind.
    • “Sort of,” correct use of, 111.
    • Sovereigns, abbreviation of names of, 69.
    • Spaces, examples of, 61.
    • Spacing:
      • rules for, 59–61;
      • uniformity of, 59;
      • hair-spaces in connection with punctuation marks, 59;
      • of abbreviated titles, 25, 59–60;
      • of Scripture references, 60;
      • of A.M., P.M., etc., 59;
      • symbols and figures, 60;
      • at end of paragraph, 60;
      • in regard to turn-overs, 60;
      • kerned letters, f and j require hair-spaces, 60;
      • wide spacing, 60;
      • examples, dashes and spaces, 60–61;
      • of abbreviations of railroads, 66.
    • Special delivery, mail system, 139.
    • Species, scientific names of:
      • use of capitals, 23;
      • italicizing of, 64.
    • Spelling:
      • rules for, 31–34;
      • difficulties and choice of usages, 31;
      • of decades, ages, centuries, dynasties, 32;
      • of numbers of military bodies, streets, sessions of Congress, 32;
      • of numbers, 31–32;
      • of time of day, 32–33;
      • use of diphthongs, 33;
      • rules of orthography, 33–36, see Orthography;
      • lists of words, — accented words, 37;
      • participles, 37;
      • variable endings, -ize, 37–38;
      • ending in -ise, 38;
      • ending in -ible and -able, 39;
      • ending in -sion and -tion, 39–40;
      • pronounced alike, but varying in meaning according to spelling, 40–44.
    • “Splendid,” correct use of, 111.
    • Square measure, table of, 150.
    • Squares, capitalization of names of, 23.
    • Standard time:
      • meaning and explanation of, 142–144;
      • table of, 144.
    • Stars, names of, italicized, 64.
    • “Start,” distinguished from begin, 111.
    • “State,” capitalization of, 24–25.
    • States:
      • spacing of abbreviations of, 60–61;
      • list of abbreviations of, 77–81.
    • Statistics, treatment of numbers in, 32.
    • “Stop,” distinguished from stay, 111.
    • “Strata,” plural of stratum, 109.
    • Streets:
      • capitalization of names of, 23;
      • numbers of, spelled out, 32.
    • “Sub,” compounds with, 50.
    • Subdivisions: in literary references, not capitalized, 28.
    • Subheads,
      • omission of period after, 12;
      • italicizing of, 62.
    • Subject-matter: separation of, by dash, from its authority, 13.
    • “Sulpho,” compounds with, 51
    • “Super,” compounds with, 50.
    • “Supra,”
      • compounds with, 48;
      • italicized, 64.
    • Surveyors’ measure, table of, 151.
    • s.v., italicized, 64.
    • Symbols:
      • monetary, 90–91;
      • mathematical, 91–92;
      • medical, 93;
      • spacing of monetary, 60.
    • Tables: box-heads in, omission of period, 12.
    • “Take,” correct use of, 111.
    • “Take stock in,” slang expression, 112.
    • Technical:
      • use of figures in, matter, 32;
      • words or phrases, use of quotation-marks for, 17.
    • Tense, common errors of, 112.
    • Text of letters: business, formal, and informal, 118–120.
    • “That.” See under Which.
    • “The,” not part of title of magazines and papers, 30.
    • “Them,” distinguished from they, 112.
    • “Thermo,” compounds with, 51.
    • Thermometers, comparative table: Réaumur, Centigrade, Fahrenheit, 148.
    • “They.” See under Them.
    • “This,” not used as adverb, 112.
    • Thoroughfares: capitalization of names of, 23; numbers of, spelled out, 32.
    • “Through,” distinguished from finished, 112.
    • Timber and wood, measures of, 157.
    • Time:
      • use of colon between hours and minutes, 11;
      • of day, when spelled out, 32;
      • standard, explanation of, 142–144;
      • on board ship, 161.
    • Time measure, table of, 151.
    • -tion and -sion. See -sion.
    • Title-pages, capitalization of certain words, 30.
    • Titles:
      • capitalization of, 24–26;
      • of poems, series, and works of art, to be quoted, 17;
      • of parables (biblical), capitalization of, 20;
      • of psalms, capitalization of, 20;
      • use of colon in literary references, 10–11;
      • capitalization of compounded, 22;
      • use of comma separating, from names, 6;
      • of honor, nobility, and respect, capitalization of, 25;
      • civil and military, capitalization of, 25;
      • foreign, capitalization of, 25–26;
      • of books or essays, capitalization of, 26;
      • of treaties, laws, and acts, capitalization of, 27;
      • definite article not treated as part of, in newspapers or magazines, 30;
      • “ex,” “vice,” “general,” “elect,” etc., use of hyphen in connecting, 47;
      • italicizing of books, newspapers, and periodicals, 62;
      • abbreviations of, with lists, 68–75;
      • capitalize when used alone 68–69;
      • of sovereigns, 69.
    • “To,” compounds with, 50.
    • “Too,” correct use of, 112.
    • “Treat,” followed by of, 112.
    • Treaties, capitalization of names of, 27.
    • “Tree,” compounds with, 49.
    • “Tri-,” compounds with, 50.
    • Tribes, capitalization of names of, 27.
    • Troy ounce, uses of the, 154–155.
    • Troy weight, table of, 150.
    • “Try,” followed by to, 112.
    • Two-letter syllables, avoid division of, 53.
    • “Ugly,” correct use of, 112.
    • Ult., not used, 65.
    • “Ultra,” compounds with, 48.
    • “Un-” (negative prefix), compounds with, 50.
    • “Under,” compounds with, 50.
    • “United States,” when abbreviated, 66.
    • Units of measure, not capitalized, 29–30.
    • Unity of paragraphs, 57.
    • “University,” capitalization of, 27.
    • Unknown quantities: algebraic, geometric, etc., italicized, 64.
    • v. (versus), set in roman, 64.
    • “Van,” capitalization of, 25–26.
    • Verbal nouns, ending in -ing, distinguished from participles, 106.
    • Verbs, not to be omitted from sentence, 112.
    • Versions of Bible, capitalization of, 20.
    • “Very,” correct use of, 112.
    • “Vice,” compounds with, 46.
    • Vide, italicized, 64.
    • “Visitor,” distinguished from visitant, 113.
    • “viz.,” set in roman, 64.
    • “Vocation,” distinguished from avocation, 113.
    • Vocative words,
      • comma separating, 7;
      • “O” as distinguished from exclamatory “oh,” 15.
    • Volt. See Electrical measures.
    • “Von,” capitalization of, 25–26.
    • Vowels, rules for division of words based upon, 52–53.
    • “Want,” correct use of, 113.
    • Watch on board ship, the, 161.
    • Watt. See Electrical measures.
    • “Way,” not to be used for away, 113.
    • Week, days of:
      • capitalization of, 23;
      • abbreviation of, 65–66.
    • Weights:
      • metric system, table 149;
      • apothecaries’, 150;
      • avoirdupois, 150;
      • British, 153;
      • the Troy ounce, 155;
      • Indian, 159;
      • foreign, 160;
      • and measures, tables and rules for, 149–160.
    • “What,” distinguished from that, 113.
    • “Whereas,” in resolutions, use of capital, 26.
    • “Which,” correct use of, 113.
    • “Who,” correct use of, 113.
    • “Will.” See under Shall.
    • “Woman,”
      • compounds with, 49;
      • correct use of, See Gentleman.
    • “Womanly,” distinguished from womanish, 113.
    • Words:
      • accompanied by definition, to be quoted, 17;
      • of unusual, technical, or ironical meanings, to be quoted, 17;
      • specially desired to attract attention, to be quoted, 17;
      • contraction of, omission indicated by apostrophe, 19;
      • derived from proper names, capitalization of, 24;
      • with special meaning, capitalization of, 29;
      • accented, 37;
      • pronounced alike, but varying in meaning, according to spelling, list of 40–44;
      • foreign, italicizing of, 62–63.
    • “World,” compounds with, 47.
    • “Would.” See under Should.
    • Wrapping, of mail matter, 132.
    • X, do not divide on, 53.
    • Yard measures, table of, 158.
    • Years, numbers preceding, spelled out, 32.
    • Zoölogical terms:
      • capitalization of, 23;
      • italicizing of, 64.