202 Mr. K. P. Joshi, Limbdi. ↑
203 Mr. G. K. Bhatt, Songadh. ↑
204 Mr. K. P. Joshi, Limbdi, and B. K. Dave, Kotda-Sangani. ↑
205 All observers of the Chaturthi-vrat worship the god Ganpati on this day, and offer him one thousand trifoliate sprouts of dūrva (cynodon dactylon). The dish specially prepared for the occasion is Golanalādu—sweet-balls of wheat flour fried in ghi and mixed with molasses.—Mr. N. M. Dave, Sānkā. ↑
207 The Deputy Educational Inspector, Gohelwad. ↑
209 The Schoolmaster, Vanod. ↑
210 The original is—
Poshi Poshi Punemadi,
Āgāshe rāndhi khichadi,
jame bhāini benādi.
211 The Schoolmaster, Kotda-Sangani and The Schoolmaster, Jodia. ↑
212 Mr. R. B. Pandya, Jetpur Sanskrit School. ↑
213 Mr. L. D. Mehta, Schoolmaster, Mota-Devalia. ↑
214 A Kundali is an astrological diagram of the position of planets at any particular time. The numbers in the diagram change their positions according to the position of planets at any given time.—Mr. D. Desai. ↑
215 Mr. Chhaganlal Motira, Wala Taluka. ↑
217 The Schoolmaster, Khāndhār. ↑
218 One ghadi is equal to 24 minutes and one pohor (prahara) lasts for three hours. ↑
219 Mr. M. P. Shah, Schoolmaster, Zinzuwada. ↑
221 Mr. M. P. Shah, Schoolmaster, Zinzuwada. ↑
223 The Schoolmasters of Dhhank, Rajpara and Limbdi. ↑
224 The Schoolmaster, Rajpara. ↑
225 The Schoolmaster, Dadvi. ↑
226 The Schoolmaster, Lilapur. ↑
227 Throughout the Hindu Scriptures, Vishnu and his incarnations are described as being of Shyama-varna or dark complexion.—Mr. K. D. Desai. ↑
228 The Schoolmaster, Dadvi. ↑
229 The Deputy Educational Inspector, Halar. ↑
230 Mr. K. P. Joshi, Limbdi. ↑
231 The Schoolmaster, Lilapur. ↑
232 Mr. Nandlal Kalidas, Chhatrasa. ↑
233 Mr. M. P. Shah, Zinzuwada. ↑
234 The Mistress of Rajkot Civil Station Girls’ School. ↑
235 Mr. Nandlal Kalidas, Chhatrasa. ↑
236 Rao Saheb Shelke and the Shastri of Bhayavadur. ↑
237 The Schoolmaster, Rajpara. ↑
238 The Schoolmaster, Dhhank. He refers to the books Vratarāj and Pathyapathya on this point. ↑
239 The Deputy Educational Inspector, Halar; and the Schoolmaster of Chauk, Kolaba. ↑
240 The Schoolmaster, Jodia. ↑
241 The Schoolmaster, Kolki. ↑
242 The Schoolmasters of Rajpara, Limbdi, and Ibhrampur. ↑
244 The Shastri of Jetpur, Pathashala. ↑
245 The following Sanskrit verse mentions all of them:—
लक्ष्मीः कौस्तुभपारिजातकसुरा धन्वंतरिश्चन्द्रमा ।
गावः कामदुहः सुरेश्वरगजो रम्भादिदेवाङ्गनाः ॥
अश्वः सप्तमुखो विषं हरिधनुः शंखोऽमृतं चांबुधेः ।
रत्नानीह चतुर्दश प्रतिदिनं कुर्वन्तु वो मंगलम् ॥ १ ॥
Rao Saheb P. B. Joshi. ↑
246 The Schoolmasters of Jodia, Dhhank, Songadh, Rajpara, and Limbdi. ↑
247 The Schoolmaster of Khirāsara. ↑
248 Mr. D. K. Pandya, Dhhank. ↑
249 Mr. Laxmichand Hemji, Vasāwad. ↑
250 Mr. G. K. Bhatt, Songadh. ↑
251 Mr. K. P. Joshi, Limbdi. ↑
252 Mr. K. P. Joshi, Limbdi. ↑
254 Mr. Laxmichand Hemji, Vasāwad. ↑
255 A pohor or prahar is equal to three hours. ↑
256 Mr. D. K. Pandya, Dhhank. ↑
257 Mr. Khan Bahadur Fazlullah. ↑
258 The Schoolmasters of Jodia and Songadh. ↑
260 Mr. N. D. Vora, Rajpara. ↑
261 Mr. G. K. Bhatt, Songadh. ↑
263 The Schoolmaster of Jodia. ↑
264 Mr. D. K. Pandya, Dhhank. ↑
265 Mr. D. K. Pandya, Dhhank. ↑
267 Mr. D. K. Shah, Charadwah. ↑
268 Mr. T. D. Khandhar, Sayala. ↑
269 The Schoolmaster, Jodia. ↑
271 Mr. M. M. Rana, Barton Female Training College, Rajkot. ↑
272 Mr. Nandlal Kalidas, Chhatrasa, and Mr. M. M. Rana, Barton Female Training College, Rajkot. ↑
273 Mr. Motichand Vasanji Doshi, Kāluwad. ↑
274 I believe the name of the constellation is wrongly given: it ought to be Mriga. One of the stars in this group, known as ‘Sirius’, in Western astronomy, is often called Vyādha (i.e., the hunter).—Mr. K. T. Gupte.
The Mrig constellation is also said to represent the goddess Saraswati, who had assumed the form of a gazelle in order to escape the amorous grasp of Brahmā, her father. While the deer in the Mrig constellation is Saraswati, the Ardra constellation is Mahādev who had followed to chastise Brahma, who also is seen as the Brahma constellation.—Mr. N. M. Dave, Sānkā. ↑
275 The thirteenth day of both the bright and dark halves of a month, sacred to the worship of god Shiva. ↑
276 The three-leaf-clusters of this tree are loved by the god Shiva if put upon his image.—Mr. K. D. Desai. ↑
277 Mr. D. K. Pandya, Dhhank. ↑
279 The nine grahas are, Ravi (the Sun), Chandra (the Moon), Mangal (Mars), Budha (Mercury), Guru (Jupiter), Shukra (Venus), Shani (Saturn), and Rāhu and Ketu. ↑
280 The names of the twelve rāshis are:—1 Mesha (Aries), 2 Vrishabha (Taurus), 3 Mithun (Gemini), 4 Karka (Cancer), 5 Sinha (Leo), 6 Kanyā (Virgo), 7 Tulā (Libra), 3 Vrishchika (Scorpio), 9 Dhanu (Sagittarius), 10 Makara (Capricornus), 11 Kumbha (Aquarius), 12 Mina (Pisces). ↑
281 The following are the twenty-seven nakshatras:—1 Ashvini, 2 Bharani, 3 Kritikā, 4 Rohinī, 5 Mrig, 6 Ardra, 7 Punarvasu, 8 Pushya, 9 Āshlesha, 10 Magha, 11 Pūrvā-phālguni, 12 Uttara-phālguni, 13 Hasta, 14 Chitrā, 15 Swāti, 16 Vishākha, 17 Anurādha, 18 Jyeshthā, 19 Mūl, 20 Pūrvāshādha, 21 Uttarāshādha, 22 Shravana, 23 Dhanishtha, 24 Shatatārakā, 25 Pūrvābhādrapada, 26 Uttarābhadrapada, and 27 Revatī. ↑
282 Mr. D. K. Pandya, Dhhank. ↑
284 Mr. Motechand Vasanji Doshi, Kālāwad. ↑
285 The Schoolmaster, Dadvi. ↑
286 The Schoolmaster or Dadvi. ↑
291 I.e., a handful of rice, ghi, cocoanuts, and some other objects are cast into the fire as an offering. ↑
292 Gangaram Tribhowandas, Lilapur. ↑
295 R. B. Pandya, Jetpur Sanskrit Pathashālā. ↑
296 A superior kind of rice. ↑
297 The Schoolmaster of Khirasarā. ↑
298 Twisted braids of darbha grass. ↑
299 D. K. Pandya, Dhhānk, and N. M. Dave, Sānkā. ↑
300 B. K. Dave, Kotda-Sangani. ↑
302 Arghya is an offering of water in a spoon filled with barley seeds, sesamum seeds, sandal ointment, rice, and flowers. ↑
303 Two varieties of sacred grass, used in thatching roofs. ↑
304 Kalyanji Bhaishankar, Kolki, and R. B. Pandya, Jetpur. ↑
307 Odhowji Avichal, Lākhāpadar. ↑
308 Talakshi Dharamsi, Khandhar. ↑
309 The Deputy Educational Inspector of Gohelwad. ↑
311 Indra has full sway over the twelve meghas (or clouds), of which Shāmaghana is the greatest. Indra directs them to pour down waters in whatever regions he likes. At the time of the deluge he lets loose all the twelve meghas under the lead of Shāmaghana and thus brings about the destruction of this world.—N. D. Vora, Rajpara. ↑
312 L. D. Mehta, Mota Devalia. ↑
313 Nandlal Kalidas, Chhatrāsā. ↑
315 The Schoolmaster of Pālānvār. ↑
318 The Schoolmaster of Luvaria. ↑
319 Mr. Kalyanji Bhaishankar, Kolki. ↑
320 The Schoolmaster of Khandhar. ↑
321 Mr. R. B. Pandya, Jetpur. ↑
322 Mr. M. M. Rana, Barton Female Training College, Rajkot. ↑
323 Mr. D. K. Shah, Charadwah. ↑
324 Mr. Jairam Vasaram, Jodia, and B. K. Dave, Kotda-Sangani. ↑
325 When a king desired to be Chakravarti—Sovereign of all India—he used to perform a horse-sacrifice, and a horse was let loose with a copper-plate fastened to its head with the name of the king engraved upon the plate. The horse moved in front followed by the king’s army. Those who were not willing to acknowledge the suzerainty of the king challenged his army by seizing the horse. Such a horse-sacrifice, if successfully completed, threatens the power of Indra, who is therefore said to be very jealous and to create obstacles to the performance of such sacrifices—K. D. Desai. ↑
326 Mr. Vallabh Ramji, Mendardā. ↑
327 Mr. N. D. Vora, Rajpara. ↑
328 Mr. Nandlal Kalidas, Chhatrasa. ↑
329 Mr. Jethalal Anupram, Aman. ↑
330 Mr. Jairam Vasaram, Jodia. ↑
332 Mr. D. K. Pandya, Dhhank. ↑
334 Mr. G. K. Bhall, Songadh. ↑
336 Mr. N. D. Vora, Rajpara. ↑
337 Mr. D. K. Pandya, Dhhank. ↑
339 Mr. Talakshi Dharashi, Sayala. ↑
340 A mixture of milk, curds, ghi, honey and sugar. ↑
341 The Schoolmaster of Dadvi. ↑
342 Dūrvā is a kind of sacred grass. ↑
343 Mr. Jairam Vasaram, Jodia. ↑
344 The Schoolmaster of Gondal Taluka. ↑
345 On the Dasarā holiday, which is also known as Vijayādashmī, Hindus take special dishes, dress themselves in their best garments and go out of towns and villages to worship the earth-mother and the holy shami, with javālā stalks, a few of which are inserted in the folds of their head-dress as auspicious tokens. In towns, and big cities a procession is formed, conducted by some city magnate or a native chief riding an elephant. They go in state to the place of worship, and after the completion of the worship a goat or a he buffalo, preferably the latter, is killed, and a salvo of three to seven or more cannon is fired. People then return home and prostrate themselves before their elders, and receive from them a handful of candied sugar, a betel-nut and leaf, with blessings for long-life and prosperity. Such blessings are considered likely to prove effective.—K. D. Desai. ↑
346 Mr. N. D. Vora, Rajpara. ↑
347 Some Hindus, when intending to go on a journey, consult an astrologer as to the muhūrt or auspicious hour for setting out. If they do not happen to leave their place at the prescribed moment, they put a pastānā—some of the articles to be carried by them in their journey—such as a suit of clothes or a box, in a neighbour’s house as a token of their having set out at the stated time.—K. D. Desai. ↑
348 Mr. Jairam Vasaram, Jodia. ↑
350 Mr. Talakshi Dharashi, Sayala. ↑
351 Mr. B. K. Dave, Kotda-Sangani. ↑
352 Mr. Nandlal Kalidas, Chhatrāsā, and the Schoolmaster of Jāsdān. ↑
353 The Schoolmaster of Pātanvāv. ↑
354 The Schoolmaster of Sultanpur. ↑
355 Mr. Laxmichand Hemji, Vasāvad. ↑
356 Mr. Madhowji Tulsiram, Movaiya. ↑
357 A mixture of milk, curds, ghi, honey, and sugar. ↑
358 Mr. N. D. Vora, Rajpara. ↑
359 The Schoolmaster of Lilapur. ↑
360 Such objects are taken in a plate and thrown over a tulsi (or sweet basil) plant.—K. D. Desai. ↑
361 Mr. Jairam Vasaram, Jodia. ↑
362 Mr. D. K. Pandya, Dhhank. ↑
364 The Schoolmaster of Dadvi. ↑
365 The Schoolmaster of Gondal Taluka. ↑
366 Sacrifices in honour of Vishnu, Mahādev and the goddess Chandi, respectively.—K. D. Desai. ↑
367 A form of devotion requiring the recitation of the Gāyatrī-mantra a hundred thousand times with certain symbolic ceremonies.—K. D. Desai. ↑
368 The appointment of duly authorised Brāhmans to perform religious ceremonies.—K. D. Desai. ↑
369 Mr. M. M. Rana, Barton Female Training College, Rajkot. ↑
371 Mr. D. K. Pandya, Dhhank. ↑
372 Mr. Jairam Vasaram, Jodia. ↑
373 Intending pilgrims sometimes impose such self-denials upon themselves, vowing abnegation from particular articles of food or wear till they have performed their pilgrimage. Some renounce the use of ghi, some of milk, others of betel-leaf or nut, others swear not to wear a turban or a dupatta—till they are given the merit of a pilgrimage.—Khan Bahadur Fazlullah. ↑
374 Mr. L. I. Joshi, Surela. ↑
375 This game, much resembling the English boys’ game of Tip cat, is also known as gilli-dānda. The gedi or gilli is a small piece of wood, two or three inches in length, an inch or less in diameter and sometimes tapering at both ends. The dānda is a small round stick, of the same thickness and a foot or more in length, by which the gedi is played. There are two sides to the game as in cricket, though not composed of a definite number of players. There are a number of ways in which the game can be played.—K. D. Desai. ↑
376 Mr. K. P. Joshi, Limbdi. ↑
377 Mr. N. D. Vora, Rajpara, or of Bhagwan, according to Jairam Vasaram, Jodia. ↑
379 Mr. N. D. Vora, Rajpara. ↑
380 The Shastri of Jetpur, Pathashala. ↑
381 The Schoolmaster of Pāolānvav. ↑
382 Mr. G. K. Dave, Sultanpur. ↑
383 The Schoolmaster of Rajkot Girls’ School. ↑
386 The Schoolmasters of Dhhank, Sanka, Limbdi, and Sultanpur. ↑
388 The Schoolmaster of Lilapur. ↑
389 The Schoolmaster of Charadwa. ↑
390 The Schoolmaster of Surela. ↑
392 Mr. N. D. Vora, Rajpara. ↑
393 The Schoolmaster of Kolki. ↑
394 The Schoolmaster of Gondal. ↑
395 i.e., the period for which the Rohini nakshatra lasts. ↑