II
GENERAL INDEX

• Achates, Leonardus, colophon quoted, 54.
• Acqui, colophon of unknown printer at, 65.
• Adam of Ammergau, colophon borrowed from Valdarfer, 52.
• Adinventio, possible meanings of the word, 12, 29 note.
• Advertisements used by 15th-century printers, 89.
• Aldus Manutius, date from which he reckoned his years, 181;
• colophon of his edition of the ‘Hypnerotomachia,’ 124.
• Armorial devices used by printers, 20, 22.
• Arnold of Brussels, colophon quoted, 106.
• Arriuabenus and Paganinis, colophons quoted, 147, 166.
• Arundel, Earl of, his financial help to Caxton’s ‘Golden Legend,’ 99.
• Asparagus,—a book printed quicker than asparagus can be cooked, 109.
• Authors, privileges for exclusive printing granted to, 113;
• authors’ and editors’ colophons, 123-158.
• Balsarin, G., copies the Caesaris copy of a Veldener colophon, 165.
• Barcelona, book printed at, dated ‘1468,’ 46 note.
• Bartholomaeus de Chaimis, German copies of Valdarfer’s Milan edition of his ‘Confessionale,’ 161.
• Bartolommeo of Cremona, colophon quoted, 52.
• Bell-ringer, Lerida Breviary financed by a, 102.
• Benedictus Hectoris, an example of an editor’s contempt for his predecessors, 142.
• Bergamascho, Piero, colophon quoted, 113.
• Bible, praises of the, in colophons, 94, 112;
• rarity of colophons in the early printed editions, 10 sqq.
• Bistricci, Vespasiano da, his contempt for printed books, xix.
• Boastfulness in colophons, 58.
• Bottonus. See Bruschus.
• Brescia, privileges granted at Venice affected printing at, 114.
• Brice, Hugh, finances Caxton’s ‘Mirror of the World,’ 99.
• Brothers of the Common Life, at Rostock, colophon quoted, 92.
• Brown, Horatio, his ‘The Venetian Printing Press’ quoted, 34, 62, 110.
• Bruno, Henricus, complaint of overwork, 127.
• Bruschus, Bartholomaeus, on his brother’s death, 71.
• Caesaris, P., his copy of a Veldener colophon copied by Balsarin, 165.
• Calends, method of reckoning days of the month by, 182.
• Capitales litterae, capitalia, initial letters, not simply majuscules, 12, 81 (N. B. The explanation in the text at p. 81 is wrong, the reference being to the initial letters of the first seven lines of the colophon, which make the name Günther).
• Capitalia. See Capitales litterae.
• Caracterizare, meaning of the word, 12 sq.
• Carbo, Lodovicus, his verse colophons, 31, 50 sq.
• Casal Maggiore, Hebrew book finished at, 69.
• Caxton, William, specimens of his colophons, 133-138, 174, 176;
• his patrons and helpers, 99, 135;
• his advertisement of the Sarum Directorium or ‘Pie,’ 89;
• his difficulties with the text of Chaucer, 153;
• De Worde’s reference to his last hours, 72.
• Cennini, Ber. and Dom., colophons to their Virgil quoted, 63 sq.
• Cepolla, Bartolommeo, his self-advertisement, 139.
• Chalcographi, meaning of the word, 53.
• Chardella, Simon, finances Ulrich Han, 101.
• Chaucer, Geoffrey, Caxton’s difficulties with his text, 153.
• Cheapness, vaunts of, in colophons, 106.
• Christie, R. C., his detection of the 1499 Brescia Politian, purporting to be printed at Florence, 159 sq.
• Cividale, Bartolommeo de, colophon quoted, 59.
• Classical texts, the Italian market in 1472 overstocked with, 108 sq.;
• their editors’ colophons, 149-153.
• Cleve, Johann von, musician, his troubles with his printers, 129.
• Cluniac monastery at Rougemont. See Rougemont.
• Codex, meaning of the word, 12.
• Cologne, book dated ‘1458’ printed at, 47 note.
• Colophon, the city, xi.
• Colophons, original meaning and derivation of the word colophon, ix;
• history of its use in England, x;
• its connection with the city of Colophon, xi;
• GENERAL REMARKS ON, 1-7;
• colophons not found in all early printed books, 4, 9 sqq., 15;
• their information often defective, 4;
• more often found in Latin than in vernacular books, 6 sq., 44, 47;
• their use a sign of the printer’s pride in his work, 6, 9, 22, 82, 85;
• EXAMPLES OF COLOPHONS USED AT MAINZ, 8-29;
• difficulty of exactly translating words used in, 12 sq., 24, 53;
• phrases taken over from one colophon to another, 15 sq.;
• possible significance of this, 17 sq., 52;
• attachment of printers’ devices to, 20, 23, 82;
• their evidence as to the invention of printing, 25 sqq.;
• EXAMPLES OF VENETIAN COLOPHONS, 30-56;
• their information as to the size of early Venice editions, 32, 34, 37;
• use of verse in, 31, 52, 54;
• misprinted dates in, 43 sqq., 60;
• PRINTERS’ COLOPHONS IN GENERAL, 57-90;
• frequent expression of religious feeling in, 57 sq., 92 sq.;
• boastfulness in, 58;
• often used to claim credit for introducing printing into a particular town, 58-60;
• allusion in an Oxford colophon to Venice printers, 62;
• Florentine allusion to spaces left for Greek words, 64;
• their allusions to the plague, 65 sqq.;
• tell us of books begun in one place and ended at another, 67 sqq.;
• their allusions to war, 69 sq.;
• to deaths of printers, 36, 71 sq.;
• to relations between masters and workmen, 72 sq., 78;
• their apologies for misprints, 72-74;
• allusions in a Naples colophon to the printers’ enemies, 75;
• boasts of loyalty, 76 sq.;
• references in colophons to types, 80;
• an Augsburg colophon with an acrostic of the printer’s name (see under Capitales litterae), 81;
• references to their printers’ marks, 82-86;
• express their printers’ desire to make their names known, 87 sq.;
• PUBLISHERS’ COLOPHONS, 91-122;
• their professions of unselfish zeal, 91 sqq.;
• praise of the books to which they are appended, 94 sqq.;
• their demand for gratitude, 92;
• allusions to the help given by patrons, 99 sqq.;
• or by a philanthropic partner, 101, 108;
• the publisher in one case a bell-ringer, 102;
• in another a poet, 103;
• colophons often precise in their note of their publishers’ address, 104;
• their vaunts of cheapness, 106;
• or of a correctness beyond price, 108;
• allusions to quick printing, 109;
• their references to privileges for exclusive printing, 110-120;
• their scanty allusions to pictures in books, 121 sq.;
• COLOPHONS OF AUTHORS AND EDITORS, 123-158;
• examples of these in combination with printers’ or publishers’ colophons, 124 sqq.;
• colophons an outlet for the author’s thankfulness, 125;
• or his complaints—a grumble at overwork, 127;
• complaints of printers, 129;
• apologies for bad Latin, 130;
• details as to author’s age, 131;
• an author’s precaution to prevent his colophon being omitted, 132;
• colophons of William Caxton, 133-138;
• colophons used to advertise the author, 139 sq.;
• or to allow editors to depreciate their predecessors, 140 sqq.;
• colophons of liturgical printers and editors, 145-148;
• of editors of classical texts, 149-153;
• allusions to textual difficulties also in modern works, 154;
• editorial pleas for indulgence, 156;
• editorial gratitude to helpers, 157;
• REPETITIONS, THEFTS, AND ADAPTATIONS OF COLOPHONS, 159-169;
• grammatical errors introduced by thieves, 165;
• DATES IN COLOPHONS, 170-184;
• common errors in reading them, 183 sq.
• Conrad of Westphalia, steals a colophon of Veldener’s, 162.
• Copyright, possibly more respected in German cities than elsewhere, 17 sq.;
• at first dependent on courtesy or rules of trade-guilds, 22;
• secured by ‘privileges,’ 110-120.
• Corallus, Stephanus, colophon quoted, 109.
• Cornazanus, Antonius, his verse colophons, 31.
• Corniger, Franciscus, prints his patron’s poems, 103.
• Creusner, Fridericus, copies a Valdarfer colophon, 161.
• Damilas, Demetrio, corrector of the Florentine Homer, 5 sq.
• Dates in colophons, 170-184.
• Daubeney, W., urges Caxton to print ‘Charles the Great,’ 99, 136.
• Deaths of printers, allusions to, in colophons, 36, 71.
• Demetrio of Milan. See Damilas.
• Devices, attached to colophons, 82;
• examples of portraits used as, 84 sq.
• Diel, Florentinus, his charges against previous editors, 143.
• Doges, names of, in colophons, 41;
• list of, 173.
• Dupré and Gerard, colophon quoted, 179.
• Easter day, 1470-1521, list of dates on which it fell, 178;
• French year began with, 179.
• Editions, number of copies in those first printed at Venice, 32, 34, 37;
• at Milan, 151 sq.
• Editors’ and authors’ colophons, 123-158.
• Eggestein, Heinrich, his books before 1471 not dated, 11.
• Elementa, Elementatum, meaning of the words, 24-80.
• England, year used to begin on March 25th in, 176;
• regnal years of kings (1461-1603), 172.
• Errors of dating in colophons and in reading them, 183 sq.
• Floods, allusion to, in a colophon, 167.
• Florence, colophons of books printed at, 5, 63, 154, 160;
• Florentine year began on Lady day, 181.
• Foresti, Jacobus. See Jacobus Bergomensis.
• Fossa, Evangelio, privilege granted to, for all his writings, 113.
• France, regnal years of kings (1461-1610), 172.
• Franciscus, Magister, his verses in Mainz editions of Justinian, 26.
• Free trade, effect of, on English printing, 110.
• Freiberg, first book printed at, 67.
• Fust, Johann, colophons from books printed by, 10 sqq.;
• failure of his health, 18.
• Geese of the Capitol, Ulrich Han’s allusion to, 88.
• ‘Germani fidelissimi,’ who they were, 77.
• Germany, day on which the year began in, 177;
• method of indicating days of the month and week by saints’ days, introits, etc., used in, 182 sq.;
• privileges for exclusive printing granted in, 119.
• Grammars vaunted as royal roads to learning, 95 sqq.
• Grammatical slips in borrowed colophons, 165 sq.
• Greek, allusion in a Florentine colophon to the practice of leaving blank spaces for Greek quotations, 64;
• a Greek colophon, 5.
• Gregorii, J. and G., colophons quoted, 112 sqq.
• Gutenberg, Johann, never put his name to any printed book, 11;
• his tradition of secrecy imitated, ib.;
• sale of his types, 17.
• Hamann, Johann, adopts part of a colophon, 169.
• Han, Ulrich, colophons quoted, 88, 101, 108, 120;
• financed by Simon Chardella, 101;
• copies Schoeffer’s colophons and makes blunders in them, 165-168.
• Henry VII, Caxton’s relations with, 137.
• Herbort, Johann, colophons quoted, 78 sq.
• Hoemberch, Conrad de. See Winters.
• Horae, references in, to their pictures, 120.
• Hortus Sanitatis, reference in the colophon of Meidenbach’s edition to its pictures, 121.
• Ides, method of dating by, 182.
• Indictions, method of reckoning by, used in colophons, 170.
• Introit at high mass, first word used to denote the Sunday to which it belonged, 183.
• Invocavit Sunday, 184.
• Jacobus Bergomensis, his age when he finished different editions of the Supplementum Chronicarum, 131 sq.
• Jakob of Amsfort, Ulrich Zell’s acknowledgment of his help, 157.
• Januensis (of Genoa), 81.
• Jenson, Nicolas, colophons quoted, 41-49;
• partnership with John of Cologne, 78;
• one of his colophons reprinted at Naples, 162.
• John of Cologne, finances Wendelin of Speier, 36;
• colophons quoted, 55, 77 sq., 169.
• John of Speier, colophons in his books, 32 sq.
• John of Verona, colophons quoted, 120.
• John of Westphalia, his portrait device mentioned in his colophons, 84, 86.
• Justinian, verses of Magister Franciscus in Mainz editions of the Institutes and Decretals, 26.
• Kachelofen, Conrad, colophon to Meissen Missal, 67.
• Kessler, N., colophon quoted, 155.
• Koberger, Anton, colophons quoted, 121, 148;
• borrows a Cologne colophon, 168.
• Koelhoff, Johann, book dated ‘1458’ printed by, 47 note.
• Lady day, March 25, in England and Florence year used to begin on, 176, 181.
• Laetare Sunday, 183.
• Latis, Bonetus de, asks indulgence for his bad Latin, 131.
• Lavagna, F. da, colophons quoted, 60, 149.
• Leeu, Gerard, allusion to his death, 72.
• Levet, Pierre, uses a Cologne colophon, 168.
• Libri, Bartolommeo di, Proctor’s discovery of his importance as a Florentine printer, 4-6.
• Lisa, Gerard de, colophon quoted, 59.
• Liturgical books, colophons in, 145-148.
• Livy, verses in Wendelin of Speier’s 1470 edition of, 37.
• Lucca, first book printed at, 59.
• Lucretius, rarity of medieval texts of, 153.
• Mainz colophons, 8-29.
• Malory, Sir Thomas, his illness and death, 124.
• Manthen, Johann, partnership with John of Cologne, 78.
• Mantua, first book printed at, 59.
• Marnef, Geoffroi, colophon quoted, 106.
• Masters and workmen, references to the relations between, 72 sq., 78.
• Matthias Moravus, was he one of the ‘Germani fidelissimi’? 77.
• Mentelin, Johann, his books before 1473 not dated, 11.
• Milan, rival claims to the first introduction of printing at, 60.
• Misinta, Bernard, his attribution of his 1499 Politian to Florence, 160.
• Misprints, apologies for, 72 sqq.;
• in dates in colophons, 43-48.
• Missal printers, their special claims to accuracy, 145 sqq.
• Müller, Johann, his advertisement of his books, 89.
• Natta, Georgius, embassy to Milan, 127.
• Nerli, Bernardo and Nerio, finance the Florentine Homer, 5 sq.
• New Year, date of, in various countries, 175 sqq.
• Nicolaus de Auximo, finishes in 1444 his Supplementum Summae Pisanellae, 133.
• Nones, method of dating by, 182.
• Oculi Sunday, 183.
• Olympiades Dominicae, 79, 170.
• Olympiads, Theodoric Rood’s misreckoning by, 61, 170.
• Omnibonus Leonicenus, his verse colophons, 31, 42.
• Orlandi, Sebastian and Raphael dei, patrons of Pescia printers, 99.
• Ortus Sanitatis. See Hortus.
• Oxford, book dated ‘1468’ printed at, 46 note;
• the colophon of the 1485 ‘Phalaris,’ 62.
• Paderborn, John of. See John of Westphalia.
• Paganinus de Paganinis, adopts part of a John of Cologne and Jenson colophon, 169.
• Palares, Antonio, bell-ringer, finances a Lerida breviary, 102.
• Pannartz, Arnold, his praise of Valla’s ‘De Elegantia Linguae Latinae,’ 96;
• see also Sweynheym and Pannartz.
• Pavia, first book printed at, 58.
• Pictures in early printed books, colophons alluding to, 120-122.
• Pigouchet and Vostre, colophon quoted, 179.
• Plague, allusions to, in colophons, 65, 67.
• Pleydenwurff, W., illustrator of the ‘Nuremberg Chronicle,’ 121.
• Politian, edition of, printed at Brescia with the false imprint ‘Florentiae,’ 159.
• Popes, 1458-1534, list of, 171 sq.
• Portrait devices, 84 sq.
• Pratt, William, urges Caxton to print the ‘Book of Good Manners,’ 99.
• Printers’ devices, use of, in colophons, 20;
• their significance, 22.
• Printing, invention of, secrecy observed by Gutenberg and his followers as to, 11;
• evidence obtainable from colophons as to, 25 sq.;
• Johann Schoeffer’s account of, 27 sqq.
• Privileges for exclusive printing, early history of, 110-120.
• Proctor, Robert, his identifications of the printers of incunabula, 4 sqq.;
• his arrangement of the earliest Venetian books, 34.
• Punctuation, explanation of the system used in a Salzburg Missal, 145.
• Pynson, Richard, colophon quoted, 118.
• Ratdolt, Erhard, book dated ‘1468’ printed by, 46 note;
• his specimen-sheet, 89.
• Regiomontanus, Joannes. See Müller.
• Regnal years of popes and kings of England and France, 171 sqq.
• Religious feeling in colophons, 57.
• Reminiscere Sunday, 183.
• Richel, Bernard, his books before 1474 not dated, 11;
• adopts a Rougemont colophon, 167.
• Ricius, Bernardus, colophon quoted, 111.
• Riessinger, Sixtus, complains of his enemies, 75;
• relations with F. Tuppo, 76.
• Roman letter, first book wholly printed in, in England, 118.
• Rood, Theodoric, his misreckoning by Olympiads, 61, 170;
• colophon of his ‘Phalaris’ quoted, 61.
• Rougemont, Cluniac monastery at, colophon of book printed there, 167.
• Ruppel, Bertold, never dated any of his books, 11.
• Sabellico, Marc’ Antonio, privilege for exclusive printing granted to, 111.
• Saints’ days, German books often dated by, 182.
• Schoeffer, Johann, his account of the invention of printing, 27-29.
• Schoeffer, Peter, his colophons quoted, 8, 10, 16, 18, 20 sqq.;
• his glorification of the art of printing, 11;
• his allusion to his printer’s device imitated by Wenssler, 22;
• copies one of Valdarfer’s colophons, 161;
• his own colophons copied by Han, 165, and Wenssler, 168.
• Scinzenzeler, Ulrich, colophon quoted, 115.
• Scribes, their influence on printers, xvii.
• Sensenschmidt and Frisner allude to their device in a colophon, 85.
• Sidriano, Jo. de, colophon quoted, 58.
• Sodalitas Celtica of Nuremberg, colophon quoted, 119.
• Spain, privileges for exclusive printing granted in, 118.
• Speier. See John of Speier, Wendelin of Speier.
• Stuchs, Georg, colophon quoted, 146.
• Sweynheym and Pannartz, their apology for their harsh names, 87.
• Therhoernen, Arnold, colophon quoted, 92.
• Title-pages, first appearance of, xvii.
• Tuppo, Francesco, relations with Riessinger, 76.
• V misprinted for X, 61;
• often mistaken for it, 183.
• Valdarfer, Christopher, colophons quoted, 49, 51;
• his colophon to his 1474 ‘Confessionale’ unintelligently copied in Germany, 161.
• Veldener, Jan, mentions his device in a colophon, 84 sq.;
• one of his colophons pirated by Conrad of Westphalia, 163 sq.;
• its subsequent history, 165.
• Venice, colophons quoted, 25-56, 77, 80, 111, 112, 124, 131, 132, 147, 173;
• Oxford colophon’s allusion to Venice printers, 62;
• a reference to its foundation, 70;
• book privileges granted at, 111-113;
• list of doges of, 173;
• date when the year began at, 180.
• Vérard, Antoine, careful address in his colophons, 105;
• colophons quoted, 105, 117.
• Verona, colophon quoted, 120.
• Verse, use of, in colophons, 31;
• the author’s apology for his renderings, ib.
• Vicenza, books printed at, protected by Venetian privileges, 115.
• Virgil, verses in Wendelin of Speier’s 1470 edition, 37.
• War, references to, in colophons, 69 sq.
• Wendelin of Speier, colophons quoted, 36-41.
• Wenssler, Michael, colophon quoted, 82;
• imitates Schoeffer’s use of armorial device, 22;
• copies one of Schoeffer’s colophons, 168.
• Westminster colophons. See Caxton.
• Westphalia, John of. See John.
• Winds, allusion to, in a colophon, 168.
• Winters, Conrad, mentions his device in a colophon, 85.
• Wirzburg, Heinrich, colophon quoted, 166.
• Wolgemut, M., illustrator of the ‘Nuremberg Chronicle,’ 121.
• X, examples of accidental omission of, from dates in colophons, 43, 46 sq.;
• V printed in the place of, 61;
• often mistaken for it, 183.
• Year, date of beginning in various countries, 175 sqq.
• Zainer, Günther, verse colophon with acrostic of his Christian name, 81.
• Zainer, Johann, colophon quoted, 58.
• Zaroto, Antonio, his claim to be the first printer at Milan disputed by Lavagna, 60 sq.
• Zell, Ulrich, colophon quoted, 156.
• Zovenzonius, Raphael, his verse colophons, 31.

PRINTED FOR THE CAXTON CLUB