[1] 3rd sing. imperf. of lähteä (rule 40); lähti is also found. The lit. meaning of this word is to set out, but it is used sometimes with an object to mean to go after, to fetch.
[2] Ablative sing. of tuoni, death. Mana is a synonym.
[6] For constr. v. p. 188; astua, 1st infin., to step; taputtelevi, 3rd pers. sing. pres. (p. 228) of taputella, to tread heavily or firmly.
[9] These three words are formed with the suffix kko (p. 47) from the words witsa, small tree or shoot; tuomi, bird-cherry, Swedish hägg; and kataja, juniper.
[12] Adv. now or already.
[14] Nominative sing. of stem saari, an island.
[15] Nominative sing. a hill.
[16] 3rd sing. pres. of kuumottaa, to loom or be seen indistinctly.
[17] This is a constant epithet of Wäinämöinen, meaning literally firm, and then used to denote a kind of steady prudence, which is a natural characteristic of the Finns, and (like Scotch canniness) untranslatable, though more frivolous nations might render it by stolid.
[18] Adj. old, also a constant epithet.
[20] 3rd sing. imperf. of huikahuttaa. Like the last word this is onomatopœic.
[23] Inessive sing. of alanne, lowland or depth (stem alantehe).
[26] = tyttö, diminutive, nom. sing.
[28] Nominative sing. of stem lapsi, child.
[31] = saadakseni, longer form of 1st infin. of root saa (here used intransitively) with suffix of 1st pers. pron. For constr. v. p. 185.
[33] Longer form of päästä (root pääse) with suffix of 1st pers.
[35] Nominative sing. low, dwarfish.
[36] Nominative sing. a maiden.
[37] Genitive plur. of poukku, dirty linen.
[39] Genitive plur. of räväs (stem räpähä), rag.
[40] Nominative sing. a beater; cf. räimätä, to beat.
[41] Inessive sing. of musta, black.
[43] 3rd sing. imperf. (the form varies between virkki and virkkoi) from virkkaa, to speak.
[44] Instr. plur. of tuo, thus.
[45] 3rd sing. imperf. of nimetä, literally to name.
[46] 3rd sing. imperf. of lausua, to call.
[47] 3rd sing. imperf. of pakista, to talk or speak.
[48] Adv. thence; abl. of tämä, this; täällä, täältä are written with two ä’s when used adverbially.
[49] = tuotaneen, concessive passive of tuoda, to bear. The final n of the passive is omitted. For constr. v. pp. 177 and 182.
[50] = kun, when.
[51] Nominative sing. a cause.
[52] Conditional passive of sanoa, to speak (= sanottaneen).
[53] = mikä.
[54] 3rd sing. imperf. of saattaa, causative form of saada (p. 110), to cause to come or bring; for form v. rule 7.
[55] Prep. with the abessive (p. 203): used also as adverb. Apparently genitive of ilma, air, but connection of meaning is obscure.
[58] Abessive of 3rd infin. of ottaa, to take.
[59] Genitive sing. of oiva, right or proper.
[61] Genitive sing. of muu, other; another fate means one other than a natural death.
[62] Abessive of 3rd infin. of musertaa, to break.
[64] 3rd sing. imperf. from tuottaa, causal of tuoda, to bear.
[65] Ablative plur. of maa, land, with affix of 1st person.
[66] 3rd sing. imperf. from vedellä, formed from vetää, to carry.
[67] Accusative sing. of pron. tuo, with adverbial suffix pa.
[69] 1st sing. pres. of keksiä, to find or detect.
[70] Accusative sing. of kielastaja (from kieli, tongue). One who is ready with his tongue, hence a liar. The Finns are a silent race.
[71] kun, if, with adv. suffix pa.
[72] On, a particle of emphasis, not the verb substantive.
[73] 3rd sing. conditional of tuoda, to bring.
[74] 3rd sing. conditional of siirtellä, deriv. verb from siirtää.
[75] Inessive of 2nd infin. of tulla, to come, with pron. affix of 3rd person.
[77] Inessive of matka, a journey.
[79] Adessive plur. of hartia, neck or shoulders.
[82] 2nd sing. imper. of sanoa, to speak.
[84] Inessive of tuo, there or thereupon.
[85] Nominative sing. (gen. raudan, rauan), iron.
[86] = minun, me.
[87] Nominative sing. of stem teräkse, steel.
[88] 3rd sing. imperf. of tempoa, cf. temmata.
[89] Elative sing. of tuo, from this.
[90] 1st sing. pres. of tuntea.
[91] 3rd sing. conditional of saada, meaning here to convey (cf. reflex. saapua). N.B. Pres. cond. used here with past signif.
[92] Instr. plur. of veri (stem vere), blood.
[93] Nominative plur. of vaate (stem vaattehe), garment.
[94] 3rd pers. sing. cond. (though with plur. subject) of valua, to drip.
[95] Instr. plur. of hurme, gore (stem hurmehe).
[96] 3rd sing. (for plural) cond. of hurahdella.
[97] Nom. sing. (gen. kerran) time; for use of nom. v. p. 137. In l. 224 the accusative is used in same constr.
[99] Nominative sing. (gen. aallon), billow.
[102] Conj. if.
[103] Nominative sing. with affix of 2nd person.
[104] 3rd pers. sing. (for plur.) of herahdella, identical with hurahdella above.
[105] Part. plur. of tarkka, exact.
[106] Part. plur. of stem tote (nom. tosia), truth.
[107] Adv. once more.
[110] Nominative sing. of tule, fire.
[111] Nominative sing.; has two meanings, (1) white or bright, (2) flame; so here.
[112] = arvaan, 1st sing. pres. of arvata, to think or perceive, conjugated like luvata.
[114] = olisi, here used for olisivat.
[115] Nominative plur. of kutri, a lock.
[116] = kärventyneenä, essive sing. of past part, act of kärventyä, neuter form of kärventää, to burn.
[117] Nominative parta, beard (gen. parran), with adverbial affix ki.
[119] Nominative sing. past part. act. of palaa, to burn (intrans.).
[120] An interjection.
[121] = sinä.
[122] = tahdot, 2nd pers. sing. pres. of tahtoa, to wish.
[123] Part. plur. of walhe, a lie (the cases and derivatives of this word are written either walhe or waleh).
[124] Part. plur. of viimeinen (stem sen), last, often employed in indeclinable form viime.
[125] Adv. fr. pron. stem mi.
[126] 2nd sing. imperf. of tulla, to come.
[127] Abessive of 3rd infin. of murentaa, to crush or break.
[128] Instr. of vähä, little, used adverbially.
[129] 1st sing. imperf. of valehdella, with suffix ki.
[130] Adv. yet.
[131] = minä.
[132] = todet, accusative plur. of stem tote, nominative tosi, truth.
[133] 1st sing. imperf. of tehdä, stem teke.
[135] = laadin, 1st pers. imperf. of laatia, to fashion.
[136] Part. sing. of pursi (stem purte), ship; part. is used because action was not completed, v. p. 127.
[140] Instr. plur. of se, used adverbially.