Map 25.

Distribution of musk-oxen in eastern North America during the Pleistocene. For explanation see page 456.

Explanation of Map 25.
New Jersey:
1. Trenton, Mercer Co., Ovibos moschatus (p. 248).
 
Pennsylvania:
1. Pittston, Luzerne Co., Symbos cavifrons? (p. 248).
2. Riegelsville, Bucks Co., Ovibos appalachicolus (p. 249).
 
Ohio:
1. Urbana, Champaign Co., Symbos cavifrons (p. 249).
2. Youngstown, Mahoning Co., Ovibos moschatus (p. 249).
3. —— Trumbull Co., Symbos cavifrons (p. 249).
 
Michigan:
1. Manchester, Washtenaw Co., Symbos cavifrons (p. 250).
2. Moorland, Muskegon Co., Boötherium sargenti (p. 250).
 
Indiana:
1. Wailesboro, Bartholomew Co., Symbos cavifrons (p. 251).
2. Richmond, Wayne Co., Ovibos moschatus (p. 252).
3. —— Randolph Co., Symbos cavifrons (p. 252).
4. Beaver Lake, Newton Co., Symbos cavifrons? (p. 252).
5. Hebron, Porter Co., Symbos cavifrons (p. 252).
 
Illinois:
1. Bondville, Champaign Co., Symbos cavifrons (p. 253).
2. Manito, Mason Co., Symbos cavifrons (p. 253).
3. Alton, Madison Co., Symbos promptus? (p. 254).
 
West Virginia:
1. Mahan, Brooke Co., Symbos cavifrons (p. 254).
 
Mississippi:
1. Natchez, Adams Co., Symbos cavifrons (p. 254).
 
Kentucky:
1. Bigbone Lick, Boone Co., Boötherium bombifrons, Symbos cavifrons (p. 255).
2. Bluelick Springs, Nicholas Co., Symbos cavifrons (p. 255).
3. Winchester, Clark Co., Symbos cavifrons (p. 255).

Map 26.

Distribution of extinct bisons in eastern North America during the Pleistocene. For explanation see page 458.

Explanation of Map 26.
Ontario:
1. Toronto, York Co., Bison sp. indet, (p. 256).
 
Pennsylvania:
1. Pittston, Luzerne Co., Bison? sp. indet. (p. 256).
2. Port Kennedy, Montgomery Co., Bison sp. indet. (p. 256).
 
Ohio:
1. Fincastle, Brown Co., B. latifrons (p. 257).
2. North Fairfield, Huron Co., B. sylvestris (p. 257).
 
Indiana:
1. Evansville, Vanderburg Co., Bison sp. indet. (p. 257).
2. Vincennes, Knox Co., B. antiquus (p. 258).
 
Illinois:
1. Alton, Madison Co., Bison sp. indet. (p. 259).
 
Wisconsin:
1. Coon Valley, Vernon Co., Bison sp. indet. (p. 259).
 
Maryland:
1. Chesapeake Beach, Calvert Co., Bison sp. indet. (p. 259).
 
Virginia:
1. Saltville, Smyth Co., Bison sp. indet. (p. 259).
2. Ivanhoe, Wythe Co., B. antiquus? (p. 260).
 
South Carolina:
1. Charleston, Charleston Co., B. latifrons (p. 260).
 
Georgia:
1. Brunswick, Glynn Co. (p. 261).
2. Skidaway Island, Chatham Co., Bison sp. indet. (p. 262).
 
Florida:
1. Wade, Alachua Co., Bison sp. indet. (p. 262).
2. Pablo Beach, Duval Co., Bison sp. indet. (p. 262).
3. Ocala, Marion Co., B. latifrons (p. 262).
4. Dunnellon, Marion Co., Bison sp. indet. (p. 263).
5. Tampa, Manatee Co., Bison sp. indet. (p. 263).
6. Palmetto and Palma Sola, Manatee Co., Bison sp. indet. (p. 263).
7. Grove City, Charlotte Co., B. latifrons (p. 263).
8. Vero, St. Lucie Co., Bison sp. indet. (p. 263).
9. Arcadia, De Soto Co., Bison sp. indet. (p. 264).
10. Labelle, Lee Co., B. latifrons? (p. 264).
11. Palm Beach, Palm Beach Co., B. latifrons? (p. 264).
 
Alabama:
1. Newbern, Hale Co., Bison sp. indet. (p. 264).
 
Mississippi:
1. Natchez, Adams Co., B. latifrons? (p. 264).
 
Kentucky:
1. Woolper Creek, Boone Co., B. latifrons (p. 264).
2. Bigbone Lick, Boone Co., B. antiquus (p. 264).

Map 27.

Finds of the existing bison (Bison bison) in the Pleistocene of eastern North America. For explanation see page 460.

Explanation of Map 27.
Ontario:
1. North Bay, Nipissing Co. (p. 266).
 
Massachusetts:
1. Orleans, Barnstable Co. (p. 266).
 
New York:
1. Albany, Albany Co. (p. 266).
2. Syracuse, Onondaga Co. (p. 266).
3. Jamestown, Chautauqua Co. (p. 267).
 
New Jersey:
1. Trenton, Mercer Co. (p. 267).
 
Pennsylvania:
1. Stroudsburg, Monroe Co. (p. 267).
2. Riegelsville, Bucks Co. (p. 267).
 
Indiana:
1. —— Jasper Co. (p. 268).
 
Illinois:
1. Sullivan, Moultrie Co. (p. 268).
2. Homer, Champaign Co. (p. 268).
3. Niantic, Macon Co. (p. 269).
4. Whitewillow, Kendall Co. (p. 269).
5. Batavia, Kane Co. (p. 269).
6. Galena, Jo Daviess Co., this species? (p. 269).
 
Wisconsin:
1. Bluemounds, Dane Co. (p. 270).
2. Oshkosh, Winnebago Co. (p. 270).
 
Kentucky:
1. Bigbone Lick, Boone Co. (p. 270).
2. Bluelick Springs, Nicholas Co. (p. 271).

Map 28.

Distribution of giant beavers, Castoroides, in eastern North America. For explanation see page 462.

Explanation of Map 28.
New York:
1. Clyde, Wayne Co. (p. 272).
2. Canastota, Madison Co. (p. 272).
 
Pennsylvania:
1. Stroudsburg, Monroe Co. (p. 272).
 
Ohio (See Map 29).
 
Michigan:
1. Berrien Co. (p. 275).
2. Adrian, Lenawee Co. (p. 275).
3. Ann Arbor, Washtenaw Co. (p. 275).
4. Attica, Lapeer Co. (p. 276).
5. Owosso, Shiawassee Co. (p. 276).
 
Indiana (See Map 30).
 
Illinois:
1. Shawneetown, Gallatin Co. (p. 278).
2. Alton, Madison Co. (p. 279).
3. Charleston, Coles Co. (p. 279).
4. Naperville, Dupage Co. (p. 279).
 
South Carolina:
1. Charleston, Charleston Co. (p. 279).
 
Georgia:
1. Brunswick, Glynn Co. (p. 280).
 
Mississippi:
1. Natchez, Adams Co. (p. 280).
 
Tennessee:
1. Memphis, Shelby Co. (p. 280).

Map 29.

Distribution of the giant beaver Castoroides in Ohio.

Explanation of Map 29.
Ohio:
1. Nashport, Muskingum Co.[1] (48) (p. 273).
2. Wilmington, Clinton Co.[1] (2) (p. 273).
3. Germantown, Montgomery Co.[1] (73) (p. 274).
4. West Sonora, Preble Co.[1] (74) (p. 274).
5. Greenville, Darke Co.[1] (54) (p. 274).
6. New Knoxville, Auglaize Co.[1] (35) (p. 274).

1. These are the numbers which on the map are given to the counties.

Map 30.

Distribution of the giant beaver Castoroides in Indiana.

Explanation of Map 30.
1. Vanderburg Co. (p. 276).
2. Richmond, Wayne Co. (p. 276).
3. Greenfield, Hancock Co. (p. 277).
4. Jamestown, Boone Co. (p. 277).
5. Summitville, Madison Co. (p. 277).
6. Union City, Randolph Co. (p. 277).
7. Fairmount, Grant Co. (p. 277).
8. —— Carroll Co. (p. 278).
9. Logansport, Cass Co. (p. 278).
10. Macy, Miami Co. (p. 278).
11. —— Kosciusko Co. (p. 278).
12. Grovertown, Starke Co. (p. 278)
 
For explanation of the numerals on the margins see map 37.

Map 31.—Shows areas on Long Island and along Connecticut and Hudson Rivers at sea-level near the end of the Pleistocene. Ruled areas submerged. Amount of subsequent elevation indicated in feet at the end of the isobases. Redrawn from Fairchild.

Map 32.

Isobases of Late Glacial uplift in eastern North America. After Fairchild.

Map 33.

J. W. Spencer’s view of preglacial drainage of the region of the Great Lakes. Redrawn from Spencer and Foshay.

Map 34.

Map of York showing the location of the Wisconsin ice not long after it began to retire; also Lakes Newberry and Maumee; also location of finds of mastodons. Geology after Fairchild. For explanation see page 468.

Explanation of Map 34.
Mastodon Localities.
 
New York:
1. New Dorp, Richmond Co. (p. 48).
2. Ridgewood, Kings Co. (p. 49).
3. Jamaica, Queens Co. (p. 49).
4. Inwood, Nassau Co. (p. 49).
5. Riverhead, Suffolk Co. (p. 49).
6. Morrisania, New York Co. (p. 49).
7. New York City (p. 50).
8. Hartsdale, Westchester Co. (p. 50).
9. New Antrim, Rockland Co. (p. 50).
10. Arden, Orange Co. (p. 50).
11. Monroe, Orange Co. (p. 50).
12. Chester, Orange Co. (p. 50).
13. Salisbury Mills, Orange Co. (p. 51).
14. New Windsor, Orange Co. (p. 51).
15. Newburgh, Orange Co. (p. 51).
16. Near Coldenham, Orange Co. (p. 52).
17. East Coldenham, Orange Co. (p. 53).
18. Montgomery, Orange Co. (p. 53).
19. Hamptonburg, Orange Co. (p. 53).
20. Bullville, Orange Co. (p. 53).
21. Scotchtown, Orange Co. (p. 54).
22. Otisville, Orange Co. (p. 54).
23. Shawangunk, Ulster Co. (p. 54).
24. Ellenville, Ulster Co. (p. 54).
25. Poughkeepsie, Dutchess Co. (p. 55)
26. Between Red Bridge and Wurtsboro, Sullivan Co. (p. 55).
27. Claverack, Columbia Co. (p. 55).
28. Freehold, Greene Co. (p. 55).
29. Greenville, Greene Co. (p. 56).
30. Coeymans, Albany Co. (p. 56).
31. Cohoes, Albany Co. (p. 56).
32. Copenhagen, Lewis Co. (p. 56).
33. Center Lisle, Broome Co. (p. 57).
34. Brookton, Tompkins Co. (p. 57).
35. Pony Hollow, Tompkins Co. (p. 58).
36. Elmira, Chemung Co. (p. 58).
37. Lodi, Seneca Co. (p. 58).
38. Macedon, Wayne Co. (p. 58).
39. Seneca Castle, Ontario Co. (p. 58).
40. Perkinsville, Steuben Co. (p. 59).
41. Wayland, Steuben Co. (p. 59).
42. Pittsford, Monroe Co. (p. 59).
43. Rochester, Monroe Co. (p. 59).
44. Scottsburg, Livingston Co. (p. 60).
45. Fowlerville, Livingston Co. (p. 60).
46. Geneseo, Livingston Co. (p. 60).
47. Nunda, Livingston Co. (p. 60).
48. Belvidere, Allegany Co. (p. 60).
49. Pike, Wyoming Co. (p. 61).
50. Attica, Wyoming Co. (p. 61).
51. Leroy, Genesee Co. (p. 61).
52. Stafford, Genesee Co. (p. 61).
53. Batavia, Genesee Co. (p. 61).
54. Holley, Orleans Co. (p. 62).
55. Medina, Orleans Co. (p. 62).
56. Niagara, Niagara Co. (p. 62).
57. Hinsdale, Cattaraugus Co. (p. 62).
58. Conewango, Cattaraugus Co. (p. 62).
59. Buffalo, Erie Co. (p. 63).
60. Jamestown, Chautauqua Co. (p. 63).
61. Westfield, Chautauqua Co. (p. 63).
 
 
 
Counties
 
1. Albany
2. Allegany
3. Broome
4. Cattaraugus
5. Cayuga
6. Chautauqua
7. Chemung
8. Chenango
9. Clinton
10. Columbia
11. Cortland
12. Delaware
13. Dutchess
14. Erie
15. Essex
16. Franklin
17. Fulton
18. Genesee
19. Greene
20. Hamilton
21. Herkimer
22. Jefferson
23. Kings
24. Lewis
25. Livingston
26. Madison
27. Monroe
28. Montgomery
29. Nassau
30. New York
31. Niagara
32. Oneida
33. Onondaga
34. Ontario
35. Orange
36. Orleans
37. Oswego
38. Otsego
39. Putnam
40. Queens
41. Rensselaer
42. Richmond
43. RoCkland
44. Saratoga
45. Schenectady
46. Schoharie
47. Schuyler
48. Seneca
49. Steuben
50. St. Lawrence
51. Suffolk
52. Sullivan
53. Tioga
54. Tompkins
55. Ulster
56. Warren
57. Washington
58. Wayne
59. Westchester
60. Wyoming
61. Yates

Map 35.

Glacial map of Ohio showing the areas occupied by the Wisconsin and Illinois drifts; also the unglaciated area; also the distribution of the Wisconsin moraines. For names of counties see page 470.