Abantu charms, 39;
origin of the name Zimbabwe, 234

Abyssinia, Mr. Salt’s exploration in, 229

Ælian on vultures, 185;
on Egyptian sacrifice, 209

Æthiopia, Sabæan city in, 230

Africa, Phœnician circumnavigation, 225;
Arab extension in, 229;
Arab opposition to Portuguese, 235;
Roman penetration through, 239;
extent of Portuguese influence in, 243
East: Greek and Roman knowledge of, 225;
ancient gold-mining population, 228;
Sabæan possession of, 229;
Portuguese enterprise, 230;
wild tribes of, 232;
Abou Zeyd’s description of the Zindj tribes, 233;
wealth of gold in, 234;
curious birds, 292
South: British Chartered Company of, expedition assisted by, 4;
Dr. Emil Holub’s work on, 95
South-East: ancient products sent as tribute to Egypt, 226

Alvarez, Pory’s translation of, 240;
on the god of the Monomatapa, 342

Agatharcides on the wealth of the Sabæans, 227

Agizymba, Ptolemy’s mention of, 239

Aizanes, King, victory of, 229

Anderson, Mr. A. A., rock carvings discovered in Bechuanaland by, 199, 200

Aphrodite, stone head of, worshipped by the Ismaelites, 195

Arab settlement at Rhapta, 224

Arabia, tower worship in, 116;
Himyaritic supremacy in, 186;
Herodotus on native worship, 190;
Herr Kremer on the ancient cult, 195;
Biblical allusions to wealth of, 220, 227;
ancient knowledge of monsoons, 224;
trading emporia on the Red Sea, 225;
exportation of gold to Rome, 227;
Horace on wealth of, 227;
ancient enterprise, 229;
Sabæan cities in, 230;
Herr Kremer on tribal system of totems, 331

Argonautic expedition, 225

Ashmolean Museum, stone carvings from the Soudan in, 186

‘Asiâ, De,’ by M. De Barros, 238

Asia Minor, mythical inhabitants of, 222

Axume, Abyssinia, ancient Greek inscription at, 229 [414]

Bacoto, ancient Portuguese market in Mazoe valley, 295

Bahrein islands, Persian Gulf, tombs in, 121

Ba-kalahari tribe, 14

Bakalanga tribes in Natal, 33

Ba-mangwato tribe at Palapwe, 23;
beer-drinking, 25;
witch-doctors, ib.;
superstition, ib.;
women of and civilisation, 27

Bandiri, early Portuguese influence at, 298

Bandula, kraal of, 374

Ba-Ngwatetse tribe, 7;
soldiers, 10

Baobab trees, 135

Ba-quaina tribe, 15

Baramazimba, a fantastic kraal near Zimbabwe, 85

Barbosa, Duarte, on the gold trade of Sofala, 231

Baretto, disastrous campaigns of, 243

Ba-rolongs of Mafeking, 7

Barros, De, on the Mashonaland ruins, 238

Basuto skill in stone-building, 347

Batuen, chief of Kanya, 6, 7;
under missionary influence, 8;
his tribal gatherings, 9;
his household, ib.;
his slaves and soldiers, 10;
his parents, ib.

Bechuanaland, British influence in, 5;
Crown colony in, 6;
boundaries of, ib.;
roads through, ib.;
‘Ally Sloper’ in, 7;
cattle disease, 8;
inoculation of oxen, ib.;
native justice, 9;
native soldiers, 10;
funeral of a chief, ib.;
music and dancing, 11, 12;
marriage and divorce, 13;
derivation of name, 15;
tribal worship of crocodiles, ib.;
produce, 16;
gardens and fields, ib.;
jungle travel, 17;
flora and fauna, 18;
cattle stations, 19;
tribal migration, 21;
Border Police at Macloutsie, 22;
baboons at Palapwe, 24;
drought in, 30;
rock carvings discovered by Mr. Anderson, 199, 200

Beira, waste of provisions at, 283;
steamer from, to Cape, 302;
journey from Umtali to, 365;
unhealthy condition of port, 385;
proposed railway to the interior, 386

Benoula, in ’Mtoko’s kraal, 327;
accompanies author on a visit to the lion priest at Lutzi, ib.

Bessa range, as viewed from Zimbabwe, 75

Béthencourt, Portuguese commandant at Massi-Kessi, 370

Bocarro, Antonio, on Portuguese exploration in Africa, 243;
on the empire of the Monomatapa, 339

Bochiko, village chief in Kunzi’s country, 312;
his remarkable appearance, 313;
his wives and children, ib.

Bœotia, relics from Thebes, 205

Boer expedition in Mashonaland, 244

Bondoro worship in Mangwendi’s country, 340

Britain, ancient, tin ingots found in, 216;
mythical inhabitants of, 222

British Association, expedition to Mashonaland assisted by, 4

British Chartered Company of South Africa. See ‘Chartered’

British Museum, Egyptian pillow in the, 37;
African musical instruments, 81;
Phœnician sepulchral stelæ in, 189;
lebes from temple at Naucratis, 201;
iron bells from the Congo, 311, 312

Brittany, avenues of menhirs near Carnac, 132 [415]

Bufwa mountains, 43

Buzi river, early Portuguese influence on the, 298

Cabiri ruins at Hadjar Kem in Malta, 116

Cahal, Alvarez de, Portuguese explorer, 231;
his entry into Sofala harbour, ib.;
Arab gold-laden dhows, ib.

Cairo, Portuguese at, 230

Cambridge, cylindrical object from Cyprus in Fitzwilliam Museum at, 204

Carnac, Brittany, avenues of menhirs near, 132;
mythical builders of, 222

Charter fort, Makalanga tribes at, 32;
arrival of expedition at, 277;
parting with native servants, ib.

Chartered Company of South Africa, author’s obligations to, 4;
pioneers in Mashonaland, 240;
difficulty in catering at Fort Salisbury, 282;
punishment of Kaffirs by officers of, 299

Chekatu, village of, 254;
Matabele raid on, ib.;
female barber at, ib.

Cherumbila, native chief, 89;
visit to his kraal, 90;
description thereof, ib.;
his raids upon neighbouring tribes, ib.;
interview with, ib.;
Matabele, raid upon, ib.;
his hospitality, 91

Chibi’s country, 44;
native iron-smelting, 45;
pot-making, ib.;
granaries, 48;
rats and mice, ib.;
native costumes, 49

Chiburga, Monomatapa’s stronghold for wives, 267

Chiburwe mountain, north of Matindela, ruins of fort near, 100, 135, 140;
gigantic baobab tree, 140;
Makalanga outpost, 267;
holes for Isafuba game, ib.;
miserable villages around, ib.;
trackless forests in vicinity, 268;
ruin there, ib.

Chidima, the Monomatapa of; Portuguese accounts of, 331, 332;
silver-mining at, 332

Chigono village, 355;
its wonderful position, ib.

Chilondillo fort, ruins of, 135

Chilonga fort, ruins of, 100

Chimbi river, underground passage near, 346

Chimoia, kraal of, 375;
fertility of country, 376;
lions in vicinity, 377

China, Celadon pottery from, in Zimbabwe, 204

Chipadzi village in Mazoe valley, 294;
ruins near, ib.

Chipiez, M. See Perrot and Chipiez, MM.

Chipunza’s village, wall-building in, 339;
interesting ruin near, 346;
aspect of the country, 348; camping in, ib.;
native craving for salt, 351;
interview with chief, 351;
savage etiquette, ib.;
beer and beer-drinking, 351, 352;
native courtesy, 352;
fortress at, 353;
Chipadzi’s tomb, ib.

Colonial Institute, Mr. E. A. Maund’s lecture at the, on ancient gold-mining in Mashonaland, 290

Conder, Major, on the circular ruin near the Lundi river, 103

Congo river, discovery of iron bells on the, 211

Corvo on Portuguese exploration in Africa, 243;
on the ancient gold-mines in Mazoe valley, [416]295;
on early Portuguese enterprise in Mashonaland, 296

Couto, Portuguese author, 33

Covilham, Pedro de, Portuguese explorer, 230;
his death in Abyssinia, ib.

Cyprus, Phœnician coin found in, 186;
excavations in, 204

Dalmatia, ingot mould found in, 216

Dapper’s description of Mashonaland ruins, 240

Deir-el-Bahari, monuments of, 226

Delft pottery in Mazoe valley, 296

Dendema in occupation of Zendj tribes, 233

Denderah, zodiac of, 186

Diodorus on tin ingots found in ancient Britain, 216;
on the Egyptian gold-mines at Wadi Allaga, 218

Dutch nomenclature, 17, 18

Dyer, Mr. Thiselton, Director of Kew Gardens, on the age of the baobab, 135, 136

Edrisi, geographer, on Zendj tribes of East Africa, 233

Egyptian gold-mines in Wadi Allaga, 218;
commerce on the Red Sea, 226

Elibi river, ruin near, 99

Emesa, Syria, temple of the sun at, 204

Eratosthenes, historian, on Arabian tribes, 229

Evans, Sir John, on ingot mould found in Dalmatia, 216

Ezekiel’s denunciation of Tyre, 227

Fallow-paunches, a wild tribe of the Kalahari desert, 14

Falmouth, ingot of tin found in harbour of, 216;
Sir Henry James’s pamphlet on, ib.

Farao, Signor, governor of Senna, on regal burials at Magonio, 346

Fitzwilliam Museum at Cambridge, cylindrical marble object from Cyprus, 204

Forbes, Major, destruction of Kaffir village by, 299

France, mythical inhabitants of, 222

Gama, Vasco da, Portuguese explorer, 230

Gambidji country, 270;
extent of, 272;
tattooed women in, 305

Gamitto, Portuguese traveller, on lion worship, 331

Gasetsive, chief of Kanya, 8;
death and funeral of, 10;
visit to his widow, ib.

Gaza, kraal of, 314

Geographical Society, Royal, expedition assisted by, 4;
Museum at Lisbon, 212

Girandali, native bearer from Kunzi’s kraal, 312

Glaser, Herr Edward, Arabian traveller, 230

Godobgwe stream, 50

Gona, village of, 257;
larder trees at, 257, 258;
savage ornaments of inhabitants, 258;
growth of tobacco, ib.;
rice-fields, ib.;
prosperity of kraal, ib.

Gouveia, a Portuguese half-caste in ’Mtoko country, 318

Greece, mythical inhabitants of, 222;
ancient legends of, 225 [417]

Gungunyana, Zulu chief, raids of, 263

Gutu, Makalanga chief of Gona, 257

Hadjar Kem, Malta, Cabiri temple ruins at, 116

Hampden, Mount, isolation of, 285

Harris, Mr. F. R., Secretary of British South Africa Company, his letter to Chief ’Mtoko, 302

Hartley Hills, gold workings near, 289

Hatasou, Queen of Egypt, ingots of gold sent from kingdom of Punt to, 221;
native expedition in reign of, 226

Hayman, Captain, conquers Portuguese at Massi-Kessi, 368;
guns and ammunition captured by troops of, 369

Heany and Johnson, Messrs., pioneer work in Mashonaland, 371;
failure of their expedition, 377

Hepburn, Mr., missionary at Palapwe, 24

Herodian’s description of the sacred cone in Syrian temple, 204

Herodotus on the origin of the phallus, 188;
on the worship of the Arabians, 190;
on Egyptian sacrifice, 209;
on the circumnavigation of Africa, 225

Hierapolis, Mesopotamia, temple at, 117, 185;
phalli in temple at, 188

Himyaritic supremacy in Arabia, 186;
inscriptions, 230

Hippalus and his knowledge of monsoons, 224

Hogarth, Mr., and the excavations at Paphos, in Cyprus, 204

Holub, Dr. Emil, ‘Seven Years in South Africa’ by, 95

Horace on Arabian wealth, 227

Horapollo on the vulture, 185

Iguzu, native servant attached to author’s expedition, 278;
accompanies author to chief ’Mtoko’s country, 302

Ikomo, brother to the chief of Zimbabwe, 73;
his kraal on Zimbabwe hill, 75;
taking leave of, 84

Imiridzi, village of, 256;
knitting industry at, ib.

Impakwe river, Mr. E. A. Maund’s description of ruins, 99;
Mr. Moffat’s account, ib.

Inyagurukwe, native search for gold at, 337

Inyamanda, arrival of expedition at, 34;
trade at, ib.;
scarcity of meat, 35;
human vultures, ib.;
flora, ib.;
villages, ib.;
rock tunnel, ib.;
family charms, 39;
view from summit of rock, 41

Inyota mountain, ancient gold-workings in, 294

Inyuni range, as viewed from Zimbabwe, 75

Isafuba game, holes for, 267

Ishmaelites, fetichism of, 195

James, Sir Henry, on tin ingot found in Falmouth Harbour, 216

John II., King of Portugal, equips an expedition to Africa, 230

Johnson, Mr. See Heany and Johnson, Messrs.

Jomvga, a curious granite [418]mountain in Kunzi country, 315

Jumbo mine in Mazoe valley, 296

Kaaba stone at Mecca, 195

Kaffir beer, 58;
language, ib.;
cemetery near Zimbabwe, 121;
habitation, 179;
tribes at Zimbabwe, 210;
instruments enumerated by Dos Santos, 212;
manufacture of iron ingots, 218;
death-wailing in villages, 303

Kalahari desert route, 14

Kalimazondo, kraal of, 334;
interview with chief, ib.;
camp of Mr. Selous at, 335

Kanya, road to, 7;
town of, 9;
its inhabitants, ib.;
character of scenery, 11

Karnak, Egyptian temples at, 138

Kerbela, Mohammedan burial at, 121

Khama, native chief, 6;
cattle disease in country of, 8;
migration of his tribe, 21;
his reputation, 23;
his power and intolerance, 25;
his religious enthusiasm, ib.;
prohibits beer-drinking among his tribe, 25;
his discipline, 26;
interview with, 28

Kharabit, Sabæan king, East Africa in possession of, 229

Kimberley, purchases at, 5

Kirk, Sir John, at Quiloa, 205

Kremer, Herr, on the solstitial use of emblems, 186;
on the ancient cult of Arabia, 195;
his allusions to stone-worship, ib.;
on the Arabian system of totems, 331

Kum, Mohammedan burial at, 121

Kunzi country, description of chief, 306;
iron-smelting furnace in, 307;
hospitality of chief’s brother Gwadeli, 308;
interesting relics obtained by author, 309;
woman’s dress of woven bark fibre, ib.;
fetichism in, 310;
bathing and washing, ib.;
chief’s wives, 311;
native fishing, ib.;
dainty viands, 312;
love of salt, ib.;
hand-clapping and greetings, ib.;
native bracelets, 313;
Mount Jomvga, 315

Limpopo river, ruins near junction with the Elibi, 99;
ancient gold-mines in vicinity, ib.

Linchwe, native chief, 6, 11

Lisbon, Geographical Society’s Museum at, 212

Livingstone, Dr., at Shoshong, 23

Livouri range, as viewed from Zimbabwe, 75

Lobengula, King of Matabeleland, 6;
raids of, 22, 237, 263;
and plural births, 316

Lockyer, Prof. Norman, on Egyptian temples at Karnak, 138;
on the zodiac of Denderah, 186

Lopodzi river, 375

Lotsani river, crossing the, 29

Louvre, Phœnician column of marble in the, 188;
remarks by MM. Perrot and Chipiez, 189

Luanhe, ancient Portuguese market in Mazoe valley, 295

Lucian’s ‘De Syriâ Deá,’ 117;
description of the temple at Hierapolis, 185;
allusion to Greek amulets, 187

Lundi river, crossing the, 42;
adjacent population, 43;
agriculture near, 44;
ruins in vicinity, 100;
description of [419]circular fort ruin near, ib.;
dimensions of ruin, 156;
ornamental patterns on ruined temple, 164

Luti, village of, 261

Lutilo mountain, 261;
deer in vicinity, ib.

Lutzi, author’s stay at village of, 316;
interview with lion priest, 328;
festivities at, 330

Macloutsie, Border Police at, 22

Madera, Portuguese Colonel, boycotts English immigrants in Mapanda’s country, 379

Mafeking, stay of expedition at, 5;
routes from, 6;
Ba-rolong tribe of, 7

Mafusaire, village of, 271;
first white lady in, ib.;
tomb of a chief, ib.

Magonio mountains, 346

Makalanga tribes, 32;
their vanity, 37;
ornaments for head, 38;
witchcraft, 39;
domestic implements, ib.;
anklets and necklaces, 40;
character, 55;
religion, 56;
musical instruments, 57;
Arabian influence, ib.;
beer brewing, ib.;
female brewers, 58;
custom of hand-clapping, 66;
festivities and funerals, 77;
graves at Zimbabwe, 79;
sacrificial feasts, ib.;
playing the piano, 80;
songs and music, 82;
outdoor games, 85;
interior of hut, 86;
their ingenuity, 248;
a native born without hands, 253;
dread of Shangan tribe, 263;
fear of horses, 271;
architectural features of country, 275;
native drawings, 276;
rice-fields, 277

Makoni chief, visit to, 284;
his village and its inhabitants, 354

Makonyora village, 347

Makori post station, 251

Malozo’s kraal, presentation of beer in, 314;
hair-dressing in, ib.

Malta, temple ruins in, 116

Mandigo, kraal of, 377;
tsetse pest, ib.;
abandoned waggons near, ib.

Mangwendi’s country, ruined villages, 83;
journey through, 314;
visit to ruins, 336;
description of chief’s kraal, 339, 342;
Bondoro worship in, 340;
sacrifice in, ib.;
ploughing season, 341;
wives and children of chief, 342;
author’s departure from, 343

Manicaland, mountains of, 261, 354;
valleys of, 355

Mapanda’s country, waste of provisions in, 283;
desperate condition of English immigrants, 379;
corrugated iron palaces, 381;
camp attacked by lions at night, ib.;
ducking a Jew in the Pungwe, 382;
British colony in, ib.;
island game on the Pungwe river, ib.;
island village of chief, 383

Mapandera, village of, 294

Maphartes, a Sabæan dependency, 224

Marib, the ancient Saba and capital of the Sabæan kingdom in Arabia, 105;
ruins of elliptic temple, 177

Marico district, Transvaal, ruins of stone huts in, 139

Marinus of Tyre on Semitic fetichism, 194;
his vagueness of information, 224

Mashah, a Makalanga native engaged by author, 247; his life and adventures, ib.

Mashanani, native servant attached to author’s expedition, [420]278;
accompanies author to chief ’Mtoko’s country, 302

Mashonaland, departure of expedition for, 5;
roads to, 6;
cattle disease en route, 8;
Government, 30;
interpreters, 31;
pioneers, 32;
intercourse with natives, ib.;
tribal feuds, 33;
Portuguese in, ib.;
description of country, 34;
granite hills, ib.;
native head-rests, 36;
skin-polishing, 38;
dollasses, or wooden charms, 39;
witchcraft, ib.;
domestic and other implements, 39, 40;
Zulu raids, 43;
native agriculture, ib.;
iron-smelting, 45;
female decoration, 47;
quaintness of scenery, 50;
quadrupeds diseases, 51;
‘salted horses,’ ib.;
‘drunk sickness’ among oxen, ib.;
discovery of gold, 52;
bridge-building, 53;
tree-barking, ib.;
caterpillars as food, ib.;
sleeping in the forest, 54;
forest scenery, ib.;
native game pits, 55;
beer-brewing, 57;
Kaffir language, 58;
‘trekking’ for three months, 59;
camp life and work at Zimbabwe, 60;
native gunpowder manufacture, 72;
cotton-spinning, ib.;
native war-dance, 75;
festivities and funerals, 77;
native pianos, 80;
travelling in the wilds, 84;
extraordinary block of granite near Zimbabwe, 85;
Arabian influence in, 86;
Umgabe’s kraal, 87;
direful experience of a swamp, 90;
archæology of ruined cities, 95;
ancient gold-mines, 99;
situation of the Great Zimbabwe ruins, 103;
architecture, 148;
description of temples, ib.;
religious symbolism of birds, 186;
commerce of the ancients, 204;
gold-mining, 215;
ancient gold-workings, 218;
Arabian gold-diggers, 220;
geography and ethnology of ruins, 223;
ancient output of gold, 228;
confusion in topography, 234;
Portuguese accounts of ruins, 238;
first pioneers of Chartered Company, 240;
Toroa ruins, ib.;
early Arab trading, 241;
Boer expeditions, 244;
unoccupied fertile land, 269;
scanty population, ib.;
highest point in the country, 272;
future Capital of gold-fields, 279;
planting of British flag, ib.;
the ‘Mashonaland Times and Zambesia Herald,’ 280;
government stores, ib.;
hospital huts, ib.;
native engineering skill in Mazoe valley, 288;
Mr. E. A. Maund’s lecture on ancient gold-mining in the ’Mswezwe district, 290;
eland meat, 291;
destruction of early Portuguese mission, 296;
winter in, 298;
native tattooing, 305;
native fishing, 311;
forest monotony, 315;
domestic animals, 318;
politics and religion, 326;
privations of expedition, 343;
highest inhabited spot, 354;
magnificence of country, 362;
tsetse fly, 363;
Scotch enterprise, 365;
Heany and Johnson’s pioneer work, 371;
Portuguese convicts, 373;
native bearers, ib.;
Pungwe route, 378;
fauna, 380;
proposed railway from Beira port to the interior, 386;
geography and meteorology, 389;
list of stations astronomically observed, with altitudes, 398;
progress from November 1891 to May 1893, 405.
See also Zimbabwe. [421]