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Chips from a German Workshop, Volume 4 / Essays Chiefly on the Science of Language

Chapter 4: A GERMAN WORKSHOP.
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A collection of essays and public lectures advocates for comparative philology as a rigorous academic discipline and for broader institutional support for Oriental studies. It presents technical analyses of sound change, accent, and grammatical correspondences, drawing on Sanskrit, Greek, and related languages to illuminate historical morphology and etymology. Several essays trace the cultural transmission of stories and texts, exploring how fables and translations migrate across linguistic boundaries. Religious and missionary topics are considered through reflections on Buddhism, Hindu reform movements, and the relevance of eastern literatures to theological study. The volume also includes a biographical essay on an early scholar and polemical responses to contemporary scientific critics.

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Title: Chips from a German Workshop, Volume 4

Author: F. Max Müller

Release date: October 6, 2009 [eBook #30192]
Most recently updated: October 24, 2024

Language: English

Credits: Louise Hope, Geetu Melwani, Chuck Greif, moogsi and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team

*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CHIPS FROM A GERMAN WORKSHOP, VOLUME 4 ***

This text uses characters that require UTF-8 (Unicode) file encoding, including accented Greek and a number of letters used in Sanskrit transliteration:

œ †

oe ligature, dagger

θεός, Ζεύς, ἐπίῤῥημα

Greek
ś Ś

s with “acute” accent

ṭ ḍ ṇ ṛ ḷ ṃ ḥ Ṛ

letters with under-dots

ấ î́ û́ ṛ́

letters with multiple diacritics, especially vowels with both acute and circumflex

ā ē ī ō ū

vowel with macron or “long” mark

The book generally used circumflex accents to represent long vowels. Anomalies are individually noted.

ă ĕ ĭ ŭ Ĭ

vowel with breve or “short” mark

ů

u with small o, used in one Middle High German passage

ȩ

e with cedilla, used in this e-text to represent an unavailable Old Norse letter

If any of these characters do not display properly, or if the apostrophes and quotation marks in this paragraph appear as garbage, you may have an incompatible browser or unavailable fonts. First, make sure that the browser’s “character set” or “file encoding” is set to Unicode (UTF-8). You may also need to change your browser’s default font.

In the combined forms ấ ế û́ ṛ́ the acute accent may display after (to the right of) the main letter; this by itself is not a problem. The text also contains the single Hebrew word גְּרֵיים, and one brief passage uses Devanagari letters:

क (k)
च (c, the voiceless palatal)
ज (j, the voiced palatal)
श (ś)

These may be ignored if everything else displays as intended.

All Greek words and word elements include mouse-hover transliterations. It is assumed that you and your computer can deal with single Greek letters. A few Sanskrit and Hebrew letters are similarly transliterated. These are extemely rare; the transliterations should appear even if your computer cannot display the characters themselves.

The chapters numbered VI–IX in the Contents are called VII–X in the body text; there is no Chapter VI. Tags in the form A or text, referring to the “Notes” at the end of some chapters, were added by the transcriber.

CHIPS FROM A GERMAN WORKSHOP.

VOL. IV.


CHIPS

FROM

A GERMAN WORKSHOP.

 
 

BY

F. MAX MÜLLER, M.A.,

FOREIGN MEMBER OF THE FRENCH INSTITUTE, ETC.

 
 

VOLUME IV.

ESSAYS CHIEFLY ON THE SCIENCE OF LANGUAGE

WITH INDEX TO VOLS III. AND IV.

 
 

NEW YORK:
CHARLES SCRIBNER’S SONS,
1881.
[Published by arrangement with the Author.]

RIVERSIDE, CAMBRIDGE:
STEREOTYPED AND PRINTED BY
H. O. HOUGHTON AND COMPANY.


CONTENTS OF FOURTH VOLUME.


PAGE
I.

Inaugural Lecture, On the Value of Comparative Philology as a branch of Academic Study, delivered before the University of Oxford, 1868

1

A. On the Final Dental of the Pronominal Stem tad

43

B. Did Feminine Bases in â take s in the Nominative Singular?

45

C. Grammatical Forms in Sanskrit corresponding to so-called Infinitives in Greek and Latin

47
II.

Rede Lecture, Part I. On the Stratification of Language, delivered before the University of Cambridge, 1868

63

Rede Lecture, Part II. On Curtius’ Chronology of the Indo-Germanic Languages, 1875

111
III.

Lecture on the Migration of Fables, delivered at the Royal Institution, June 3, 1870 (Contemporary Review, July, 1870)

139

Appendix. On Professor Benfey’s Discovery of a Syriac Translation of the Indian Fables

181
Notes 188
IV.

Lecture on the Results of the Science of Language, Delivered before the University of Strassburg, May 23, 1872 (Contemporary Review, June, 1872)

199

A. θεός and Deus

227

B. The Vocative of Dyaús and Ζεύς

230

C. Aryan Words occurring in Zend but not in Sanskrit

235
V.

Lecture on Missions, delivered in Westminster Abbey, December 3, 1873

238

A. Passages shewing the Missionary Spirit of Buddhism

267

B. The Schism in the Brahma-Samâj

269

C. Extracts from Keshub Chunder Sen’s Lectures

272

Dr. Stanley’s Introductory Sermon on Christian Missions

276

On the Vitality of Brahmanism, Postscript to the Lecture on Missions (Fortnightly Review, July, 1874)

296
VI.

Address on the Importance of Oriental Studies, delivered at the International Congress of Orientalists in London, 1874

317
Notes 355
VII.

Life of Colebrooke, with Extracts from his Manuscript Notes on Comparative Philology (Edinburgh Review, October, 1872)

359
VIII.

Reply to Mr. Darwin (Contemporary Review, January, 1875)

417
IX.

In Self-defense

456

Index to Vols. III. and IV.

533