Studies of childhood

A.

• Abstraction, abstract ideas, beginnings of, 443;
  • growth of, 483.
• Acting, relation of, to play, 36, 326;
  • as early form of art, 323;
  • first attempts at, 434, 496.
  • See Dramatic representation.
• Activity, action. See Movement.
• Adjectives, first use of, 171, 427.
• Adornment, child’s instinct of, 318.
  • See Dress.
• Æsthetic aspect of child, 2;
  • feelings of child, 300, 397, 409, 451.
  • See Art.
• Affirmation, sign of, 417.
• After-images, child’s ideas of, 102, 465.
• Altruism, germs of, in child, 242.
  • See Sympathy.
• Amiel, H. F., 3.
• Andree, R., 337 note, 338, 345 note, 348 note, 352 note, 379, 381 note.
• Anger, early manifestations of, 232, 407, 432.
• Animal, child compared with, 5;
  • ideas of child respecting, 123;
  • dread of musical sounds by, 195;
  • fear of uncaused movements by, 205, 220;
  • child’s fear of, 207, 433;
  • child’s ill-treatment of, 239;
  • his sympathy with, 247, 460, 475, 485;
  • recognition of portraits by, 309;
  • care of body by, 318;
  • child’s mode of drawing, 372;
  • his liking for, 450.
• Animism, of nature-man, 104;
  • traces of, in child-thought, 480.
• Anthropocentric ideas of child, 82, 98, 102, 427.
• Anthropomorphic ideas of children, 79.
• Anti-social tendencies of child, 230.
• Antithesis, child’s use of, 174, 429, 442.
• Argument. See Dialectic.
• Arms, child’s manner of drawing, 348;
  • treatment of, in profile representation, 362.
• Art;
  • art-impulse of child, 298;
  • first responses to natural beauty, 300;
  • pleasure of light and colour, 300;
  • germ of æsthetic feeling for form, 303;
  • feeling for flowers, 305;
  • feeling for scenery, 306;
  • rudimentary appreciation of art, 307;
  • effects of music, 308;
  • interpretation of pictures, 309;
  • understanding of stories, 314;
  • realism of child, 314;
  • attitude towards dramatic spectacle, 315;
  • feeling for comedy and tragedy, 316;
  • beginnings of art-production, 318;
  • love of adornment, 318;
  • grace in action, 321;
  • relation of art to play, 321, 326;
  • germ of imitative art, 323;
  • invention, 325;
  • roots of artistic impulse, 327.
• Artfulness of children, 272.
• Articulation, first rudimentary, 135;
  • transition to true, 138;
  • defects of early, 148, 418;
  • process of, 154;
  • growth of, 158, 416, 427, 439, 467.
  • See Language.
• Assertion, child’s manner of making, 457, 471.
  • See Sentence.
• Assimilation. See Similarity.
• —— phonetic, 156.
• Association of ideas, in imaginative transformation of objects, 32;
  • seen in extension of names, 164;
  • first manifestations of, 405.
• Assonance, in early vocalisation, 137.

B.

• Baby, new-born, helpless condition of, 5, 400.
• Baby-worship, 17.
• Bagehot, Walter, 280.
• Baldwin, J. Mark, 11 note, 20, 40 note, 335 note, 484 note.
• Barnes, Earl, 125 note, 224, 368 note.
• Beard, drawing of, 358.
• Beauty. See Æsthetic Feeling and Art.
• Binet, A., 19, 82.
• Birth, child’s ideas of, 1, 107, 117.
  • See Origins.
• Black, instinctive dislike of, 202, 204, 215, 451, 497.
• Body, relation of, to self, 110, 113, 115, 457;
  • treatment of, in early drawings, 344;
  • representation of, in profile, 362;
  • drawing of animal, 374;
  • first examination of, 403.
• Bridgman, Laura, 169, 244.
• Bright objects, attraction of, 300, 403, 409.
• Brown, H. W., 22 note, 74, 95, 97, 105, 112, 121, 255, 275, 313.
• Burial, child’s ideas of, 121;
  • his shrinking from, 478, 486.
• Burnett, F. H., 43, 44, 237, 257.
• Burnham, W. H., 27 note, 30 note.

C.

• Canton, W., 39, 96, 102, 173 note, 186, 209.
• Catlin, G., 356.
• Causation, cause, first inquiries into, 78, 446, 457;
  • child’s ideas of, 79, 80, 448;
  • effect and, confused, 80, 99, 165.
• Ceremonial observances of child, 281.
• Champneys, F. H., 196 note, 420 note.
• Child, modern interest in, 1;
  • scientific inquiry into, 3;
  • psychological investigation of, 7;
  • relation of, to race, 8;
  • concern of education with, 10;
  • observation of, 10;
  • qualifications for observing, 14;
  • individuality of, 23.
• Coleridge, Hartley, 113.
• Colour, order of discrimination of, 19, 437;
  • child’s delight in, 300;
  • preferences for certain, 301;
  • liking for contrast of, 302;
  • first observation of, 422;
  • recognition of affinities of, 465;
  • recognition of opposition of, 481.
• Coloured hearing, 33.
• Comic, sense of the. See Fun.
• Commands, child’s first use of, 172, 430.
  • See Law.
• Comparison, beginnings of, 71.
• Compayré, G., 37 note, 76, 169 note, 173 note, 208, 217, 249.
• Concretism, 163.
• Contrast, early use of. See Antithesis.
• Contrast of colours, early perception of, 481.
• Conversation, child’s first attempt at, 431.
• Cooke, E., 333 note, 334, 338, 339, 373, 374 note, 375 note, 388.
• Courage, attempt to inculcate, 470.
• Creation. See Origin of things.
• Cruelty, towards children, 226, 292;
  • nature of children’s, 239.
• Crying, of child at birth, 400;
  • precedes smiling, 406.
• Curiosity, as characteristic of child, 83;
  • as counteractive of fear, 225;
  • as motive to maltreatment of animals, 241.
  • See Questioning.
• Custom, child’s respect for, 280.

D.

• Dark, child’s fear of, 211, 462.
• Destructiveness, as characteristic of child, 240.
• Darwin, C., 139, 141, 146, 233 note, 407 note, 411 note, 417 note.
• Deaf-mutes, gesture language of, 173, 175.
• Death, child’s ideas respecting, 120, 463;
  • his feeling on witnessing, 237, 238, 496;
  • dread of losing mother by, 245;
  • his shrinking from, 478.
• Defiance. See Law.
• De Quincey, T., 251.
• Dialectic, child’s skill in, 275, 449, 460.
• Dickens, Charles, 53.
• Difference, dissimilarity, perception of, 67, 441.
• Disappearance, puzzle of, for the child, 84;
  • child’s first ideas of, 444.
• Discipline, moral, lying as related to, 258;
  • resistance to, 268;
  • criticism of, 275, 286;
  • child’s imitation of, 285;
  • problem of, 290.
• Discrimination. See Difference.
• Disobedience, child’s attitude of. See Law.
• Distance, child’s inadequate ideas of, 99;
  • first perception of, 414.
• Doll, place of, in child’s play, 42;
  • treatment of, by child, 43;
  • illusion of, 44, 492;
  • fear of, 204, 410.
• Domenech, Abbé, 385 note.
• Dramatic representation, effects of, on child, 315.
• Drawings of children;
  • general characteristics of, 331;
  • crude beginnings of, 333;
  • first attempts at human figure, 335;
  • treatment of head, 335;
  • facial features, 337;
  • evolution of features, 340;
  • treatment of the trunk, 344;
  • of the arms, 348;
  • of the hand, 351;
  • of the legs, 354;
  • of the foot, 355;
  • introduction of profile elements, 356;
  • mixed schemes of human figure, 367;
  • representation of action, 369;
  • treatment of accessories, 370;
  • of animals, 372;
  • of man on horseback, 377;
  • of man in boat, house, etc., 380;
  • of house, 381;
  • résumé of facts, 382;
  • defects of, 382;
  • showing what is invisible, 383, 392;
  • explanation of facts, 385;
  • mental process involved in, 385;
  • child’s observation as reflected in, 393;
  • his ideas of objects as illustrated in, 394;
  • rudiments of artistic value in, 396.
• Dreams, child’s first ideas of, 103;
  • as excitants of fear, 218;
  • early examples of, 455, 481, 500, 505, 506.
• Dress, child’s dislike of new, 202, 319, 410;
  • his treatment of, in drawings, 371.
• Droz, G., 21.

E.

• Ears, drawing of, 343, 361.
• Earth, the, child’s ideas of, 100, 482.
• Echo, childish interpretation of, 496.
• Education, importance of child-study for, 10.
• Egger, E., 40 note, 47, 107 note, 153.
• Egoism of child. See Morality.
• Egyptians, drawings of, 361, 366, 369.
• Emotion. See Feelings.
• Envy, as childish characteristic, 231.
• Erasmus, D., 87.
• Evolution, doctrine of, bearing of, on child-study, 5, 8;
  • on children’s fear, 208;
  • on their angry outbursts, 234;
  • illustrated in child’s drawings, 382.
• Exaggeration, child’s tendency to, 255.
• Excuses, child’s invention of, 271.
• Experiment, carrying out of, on child, 17.
• Expression of feeling, through sounds, 136;
  • original form of, 461.
• Eyes, drawings of, 340;
  • treatment of, in profile, 359, 360;
  • treatment of animal, 373;
  • learning to control movements of, 401, 402.

F.

• Fairies, child’s belief in, 59, 124, 454, 466.
• Fancy. See Imagination.
• Fatalism, traces of, in child-thought, 273.
• Fear, in children, the observation of, 193;
  • startling effects of sounds, 194;
  • feeling of bodily insecurity, 197;
  • of visible objects, 198;
  • of strange things, 199;
  • of strange persons, 201, 410;
  • of new clothes, 202, 410;
  • of the sea, 202;
  • of ugly dolls, 204, 410;
  • of moving things, 205;
  • of shadows, 206;
  • of animals, 207, 433;
  • of the dark, 211, 462;
  • explanation of, 219;
  • comparison of child’s with animal’s, 220;
  • with savage’s, 220;
  • with abnormal terror, 221;
  • action of experience upon, 221;
  • palliatives of, 223;
  • of bath, 470;
  • of lamp, 493.
• Feelings of child, problem of studying, 191;
  • expression of, 192.
• Flowers, child’s love of, 305.
• Folk-etymology, 188.
• Foot, child’s mode of drawing, 355;
  • representation of, in profile, 364.
• Form, child’s observation of, 60, 393, 421, 465.
• Fry, I., 224, 253.
• Fun, child’s sense of, 316, 411, 434, 450.

G.

• Galton, F., 45, 404.
• Games. See Play.
• General ideas, generalisation, first rudiments of, 141, 161;
  • early examples of, 162, 404, 420.
• Gesture, early use of, as signs, 138;
  • of deaf-mutes, 173, 175.
• Ghosts, germ of fear of, in child, 462.
• God;
  • child’s ideas of his form, 126;
  • of his dwelling-place, 126;
  • of his creative activity, 127, 478;
  • of his omniscience, 128;
  • of his omnipresence, 129;
  • of his goodness, 130;
  • of his eternity, 131;
  • of his triune being, 331.
• Goethe, J. W. von, 241 note, 315, 512.
• Goltz, B., 42, 53, 185 note, 186 note.
• Government. See Discipline.
• Grace of child, 321.
• Grammatical forms, child’s indifference to, 161, 440.
• Grasping, movement of, 412.
• Grave. See Burial.
• Greed of child, 231, 432.
• Grosse, E., 319, 327, 368.
• Growth, ascribed by child to lifeless things, 97, 449;
  • child’s inquiries into, 80, 457;
  • his ideas of, 104, 485;
  • and subsequent shrinkage, 105.
• Guyau, J. M., 253.

H.

• Habit, influence of, seen in children’s drawings, 390, 392.
• Hair, drawing of, 343.
• Hale, Horatio, 145.
• Hall, G. Stanley, 34, 101, 122, 125, 135 note, 140, 188, 256, 262, 264 note, 338 note, 350 note.
• Hallucination, traces of, in child, 423, 500, 501, 511.
• Hands, child’s manner of drawing, 351;
  • first use of, 400, 401;
  • discrimination of right and left, 484.
• Happiness of child, problem of, 222.
• Harte, Bret, 65.
• Heaven, children’s ideas of, 122, 126, 479.
• Heavenly bodies, children’s ideas of, 99, 100, 482.
• Heine, H., 3.
• Hell, child’s fear of, 224.
• Helpfulness of child, 246.
• History, child’s treatment of, 503.
• Holmes, Oliver Wendell, 61.
• Hugo, Victor, 3, 213.
• Humane feelings, compassion for animals, etc. See Sympathy.
• Humorous aspect of child, 3.
• Hypnotic suggestion, hypnotism, 13, 254, 257, 261, 294.

I.

• ‘I,’ ‘me,’ first use of, 178, 428, 439, 444.
• Idealism, traces of, in child, 117.
• Ideas of children. See Imagination and Thought.
• Illusion, in transformation of objects by imagination, 31, 500;
  • in play, 47;
  • tendency to morbid, 62.
• Image. See Semblance.
• Imagination, age of, 25;
  • differences in power of, among children, 26;
  • transformation of objects of sense by, 29, 500;
  • relation of, to play, 35;
  • free projection of images of, 51;
  • and Storyland, 54;
  • connexion between, and thought, 70;
  • as element in fear, 218;
  • relation of, to lying, 254, 438;
  • early development of, 405, 438.
• Imitation, imitative movement;
  • in early language-signs, 142, 147, 417;
  • in early forms of sympathy, 243, 408;
  • beginnings of, 322, 415.
• Incantation, playing at, 501.
• Indignation, moral, manifestations of, in child, 248, 452, 474.
• Individuality of child, 23.
• Ingelow, Jean, 31, 118.
• Inheritance of fear, 208, 411.
• Inquisitiveness. See Curiosity.
• Insensibility of child, 236.
• Instinct, in articulation, 134;
  • in fear, 198;
  • in angry passion, 235;
  • in truth-telling, 264;
  • in respect for law, 279.
• Invention, artistic, 325;
  • practical, 435;
  • of language forms, see Language.

J.

Janet, Pierre, 445.

K.

• Kipling, Rudyard, 12.
• Kratz, H. E., 82, 126.