Slikien, v. to smoothe, to polish, SD; slyken, P; slicke, S3; isliked, S.
Sliper, adj. slippery, SD; slipper, S3, Sh.—AS. slipor (Leo).
Slitten, v. to slit, pierce, SD; slytyn, Prompt.; slyttyng, pr. p., piercing (of language), S2; islit, pp., S.—AS. slítan.
Slo, vb. to slay, S; slon, S; sloh, pt. s., S; see Sleen.
Slod, pt. s. slid, S2; see Sliden.
Slogardye, sb. sloth, C3; see Sluggardy.
Sloh, sb. slough, PP; slough, C2, C3.—AS. slóh.
Slokyn, v. to slake, quench, H, Cath.; slokin, S3; slokke, PP; slokynd, pp., H; slekynd, H.—Cp. Icel. slökva. Cf. Slakien.
Slomeren, v. to slumber, Cath., Prompt.; slumeren, SD; slombred, pt. s., P.
Slomering, sb. slumbering, S3.
Slong, pp. cast away, S3; see Slyngen.
Sloppar, adj. slippery, S3.
Sloterin, v. maculare, SD; sloterd, pp., bespattered, S2.
Sloð, sb. track, trail, S; see Sleuth.
Slough; see Sloh.
Slouthe, sb. sloth, S2, C3, PP; slouhðe, S; sleuȝþe, S2, PP; sleuþe, S2, P; slewthe, C3, PP; sleuth, H, PP.—AS. slǽwð. See below.
Slow, Sloȝe; see Sleen.
Slowe, adj. and sb. slow, sluggish, a lazy man, PP, S; slow, W2; slouh, S; slawe, S3; slaw, S2.—AS. sláw.
Sluggardy, sb. sloth, S3; slogardye, C3; sloggardye, C.
Slugge, adj. slothful, Prompt.
Sluggen, v. to slug, to be inactive, SkD.
Sluggy, adj. slothful, Prompt.
Sly, adj. sly, cunning, skilful, Prompt.; sliȝ, W; slih, S2; sley, S2; slegh, S2; sleh, S; sleȝ, S2; sle, S3.—Icel. slægr (for slœgr).
Slyly, adv. cunningly, Prompt.; sleighly, prudently, C.
Slynge, sb. sling, PP.
Slyngen, v. to sling, hurl, throw away, PP, Prompt.; slonge, pt. pl., S2; slong, pp., S3; slungin, S3.—AS. slingan, pl. slang, pp. slungen.
Smak, sb. taste, flavour, Prompt.; smacc, S; smach, S2.—AS. smæc, taste, flavour (Voc.).
Smaken, to have a savour, scent, S, Prompt.; smacky, to imagine, perceive, taste, relish, understand, S2; smachande, pr. p., S2; smauhte, pt. s., PP; smauȝte, pl., PP.—AS. smæcian, see Grein (s.v. smæc).
Smalle, adj. small, narrow, Prompt.; smal, S, S2; smaill, S3.—AS. smæl, narrow: Goth. smals.
Smart, adj. bitter, S2; see Smerte.
Smatte, pt. s. smote, S; see Smiten.
Smec, sb. smoke, S; smech, S; smeke, Prompt.—AS. sméc.
Smechunge, sb. taste, S. See Smak.
Smell, sb. smell, S; smul, S.
Smellen, v. to smell, S, PP; smylle, PP; smolte, pt. s., S2.—Cp. Low G. smelen, to smoulder.
Smeorten, v. to smart, S; see Smerten.
Smerien, v. to smear, anoint; smeren, S; smurieð, pr. pl., S; smered, pp., S.—AS. smerian, smyrian, from smeru, fat, smero (Voc.).
Smerl, sb. ointment, S2.
Smerld, pp. anointed, S2.
Smerte, adj. and adv. painful, sharp, sharply, quick, quickly, C, S, PP; smert, S2; smart, S2, C3; smertely, adv., G.—AS. smeart.
Smerte, sb. smart, pain, C2; smierte, S; smert, C3.
Smerten, v. to smart, to be pained, PP, S, S2, C2; smeorten, S; smerte, pt. s., C; smerted, S3.—AS. smeortan (EETS. 79, p. 36).
Smiten, v. to smite; smyten, PP; smit, pr. s., C2, PP; smot, pt. s., S, S2, PP; smette, S3; smatte, S; smiten, pl., S; smyten, W; smiten, pp., PP.—AS. smítan, pt. smát (pl. smiton), pp. smiten.
Smok, sb. smock, C2, PP, Prompt.
Smok-les, adj. without a smock, C2.
Smolder, sb. smoke from smouldering wood, PP.
Smolderen, v. to smoulder; smolderande, pr. p., S2.
Smorðer, sb. suffocating smoke, S; smorþre, PP.
Smorðren, v. to smother, suffocate, SD.
Smul, sb. smell, S; see Smell.
Smurieð, pr. pl. smear, S; see Smerien.
Smyðien, v. to forge; smythye, P; smytheth, pr. s., P.—AS. smiðian.
Smyþþe, sb. smithy, forge, S2; smythy, Prompt.—AS. smiððe (Voc.).
Snapere, v. to trip, to stumble, W2, SD; snapper, HD; snapirs, pr. s., WA.
Snað, pt. s. cut, S; see Sniðen.
Snelle, adj. quick, sharp, S, S2; snell, S3; snel, S.—AS. snell: OHG. snel (Otfrid).
Snepe, adj. foolish, S.
Snesien, v. to strike, S.—AS. snǽsan (in á-snǽsan, BT), to put on a spit; from snás, a spit (Voc.); cp. Icel. sneisa from sneis.
Sniðen, v. to cut; snað, pt. s., S.—AS. sníðan, pt. snáð (pl. snidon); cp. OHG. snídan (Tatian).
Sniwen, v. to snow; snewen, SD; sniuþ, pr. s., S; sniweþ, SD; snew, pt. s., SD; snewede, C.—AS. sníwan.
Snorkil, sb. wrinkle, H.—Cp. North.E. snurkle, to run into knots, JD, snurl, to wrinkle, JD; cp. OHG. snuor, string, see Fick, 7. 351.
Snow, sb. snow, Prompt., PP; snouȝ, PP; snou, S; snaw, S.—AS. snáw: Goth. snaiws.
Snowte, sb. snout, Prompt.; snute, S.—Cp. G. schnauze.
Snybbyn, v. to rebuke, Prompt., C; snube, H; snybid, pt. pl., H; snyband, pr. p., H; snibbed, pp., C2.
Snybbynge, sb. rebuke, Prompt.; snybynge, H; snibbing, S2; snybyngis, pl., H.
Snytyn, v. to clear the nose, Prompt.; snytte, pt. s., S2; y-snyt, pp., S2.
Sobre, adj. sober, sedate, C2; sobur, Prompt.—OF. sobre; Lat. sobrium.
Sobreliche, adj. and adv. sedate, soberly, CM; soburly, CM; soberly, C.
Soburnesse, sb. soberness, Prompt.
Soche, adj. such, S; see Swyche.
Socht, pt. pl. sought, went, S3; see Sechen.
Socour, sb. succour, C2, C3; socowre, Prompt.—AF. sucur, soccour, OF. socors; Late Lat. succursus (Ducange).
Sodeyn, adj. sudden, C2, C3; sodeynly, adv. suddenly, S3, C2; sodeynliche, S2.—AF. sodeyne; Late Lat. subitanum, see BH, § 122.
Softe, adj. soft, warm, mild, gentle, S, S2, C3; adv. gently, luxuriously, S2, S, C3; softeliche, gently, S; softely, C3. Comb.: zoft-hede, sb. softness, S2.—AS. sófte.
Sohte, pt. s. sought, S, S2; see Sechen.
Soke, sb. the exercise of judicial power, PP, SkD. Der.: soken, the territory or precinct in which public privileges were exercised, SkD; sokne, PP; (Rotland)-sokene, (Rutland)shire, P.—AS. sóc, the exercise of judicial power; sócn, sócen, an enquiry; see Schmid.
Sokelynge, sb. suckling, Prompt.
Sokelynge, sb. a herb, locusta, Prompt.
Sokyl-blome, sb. locusta, Voc.—From a form *sokel, that which sucks. Cp. Hony-souke.
Solas, sb. rest, solace, pleasure, merriment, G, C2, PP, SkD.—AF. solas, OF. solaz, Lat. solatium; see BH, § 143.
Solempne, adj. solemn, grand, festive, magnificent, C2, C3, Prompt.; solempnely, adv. with pomp, S2, C2, C3; solenliche, PP.—AF. solempne; Lat. solemnem.
Solempnite, sb. festivity, C, Prompt.—AF. sollempnitee; Lat. solemnitatem.
Solere, sb. an upper room, loft, Prompt., Voc., HD; throne, H; soler, W, Voc., HD; soller, Palsg.; stage of a house, ND; sollar, HD, Palsg.—AF. soler, solair, OF. solier; Late Lat. solarium (Voc.); cp. AS. solere (Grein), OS. soleri. OHG. soleri (Tatian), solári, the prætorium of Pilate, also a guest-chamber (Otfrid), Du. zolder.
Soleyne, adj. solitary, hating company, sullen, PP, Prompt.; soleyn, PP, W2; sollein, S3.—OF. solain, solitary, pertaining to one alone: Late Lat. *solanum, from Lat. solus.
Somdel; see under Sum.
Some, sb. concord, S.—AS. sóme.
Somed, adv. together, S; somet, S; see Samed.
Somer, sb. summer, C; sumer, S; someres, gen. s., C2, C3. Comb.: somer-game, summer-game, P.—AS. sumor: OS. sumar; cp. OHG. sumar (Tatian).
Somme, sb. sum, S3, C3; some, S3; summe, Prompt.—AF. summe (sume); Lat. summa.
Somnen, v. to join, S; see Samnen.
Sompne, v. to summon, PP, CM; someny, PP; somony, S2; somoni, S; somownyn, Prompt.; somondis, pr. s., H; sumundis, H; somened, pp., W.—AF. somoundre (pr. p. somonant), OF. semondre; Late Lat. submōnĕre; Lat. sub + mŏnēre.
Sompnour, sb. summoner, one who cites before an ecclesiastical court, C, PP; sumpnour, S2; somnour, PP; somner, PP; somenour, PP; sumnowre, Prompt.—AF. sumenour.
Somwat; see under Sum.
Sond, sb. sand, S, S2, C, PP; sand, PP; sonde, dat., S.—AS. sand.
Sond, sb. a dish or mess of food; sand, gift, S2; sonde, dat., S; sonden, pl., S; sandon, S.—AS. sand, ‘ferculum’ (Voc.).
Sonde, sb. a sending, message, gift sent, also mission, embassy, messenger, S, S2, C3, P, G, H (p. 497); sonden, pl., S; sondes, S. Comb.: sondezmon, messenger, S2; sandesman, SD; sandismene, pl., HD.
Sonder. Comb.: sonderemen, messengers, S; sanderbodes, messengers, S.—AS. sander in sandermen (Chron. ann. 1123).
Sondry, separate, C2; see Sunder.
Sone, sb. son, S, S2, C2, G; sune, S; zone, S2; sun, S2. Comb.: sone in lawe, son-in-law, C2.—AS. sunu: Goth. sunus.
Sone, adv. forthwith, quickly, soon, S, G, S2, C2, PP; soune, S3; son, S2; soyn, S2; sonest, superl., C2; sonnest, P.—AS. sóna, see Sievers, 317.
Song, pt. s. sang, C2; see Syngen.
Songe, sb. song, Prompt.; sang, S, S3; zang, S2; songes, pl., S.—AS. sang.
Songe-warie, sb. the observation of dreams, P.—OF. songe; Lat. somnium, dream.
Sonne, sb. sun, S, S2, C2, P; sunne, S, S2, Prompt. Comb.: sunne-bem, sunbeam, S; Sunnen-dæi, Sunday, S; sunne-dei, S; sunedai, S; sunedei, S; sone-dæi, S; soneday, S, G; sonendayes, pl., S2; sunne-risindde, sun-rising, S.—AS. sunne: OS. sunna.
Soope, sb. soap, Prompt.; sape, S.—AS. sápe; Lat. sāpo.
Soot, Soote, adj. sweet, S3; see Swete.
Sooth, Soothly; see Soth.
Sop, pt. s. created, S; see Schapen.
Soper, sb. supper, C, C2, G; see Souper.
Sophyme, sb. a sophism, C2; sophimes, pl., subtleties, C2.—OF. sophisme (Cotg.); Gr. σόφισμα.
Soppe, sb. a sop, Cath., PP; sop, C; soppis, pl., S3.
Sore, v. to soar, mount aloft, C2, CM.—OF. essorer (Cotg.); Late Lat. *exaurare, to expose to the air (Lat. aura).
Sore, adj. and adv. sore, painful, S, C2, G; sare, S2, S; sar, S, S3, S2; soore, Prompt.; sair, B.—AS. sár.
Sore, sb. sore, misery, C2; sor, S; sar, S; soore, Prompt.—AS. sár.
Soren, pp. shorn, S; see Schere.
Sort, sb. destiny, chance, lot, C, W; sorte, turn (= Lat. vice), W.—AF. sort; Lat. sortem.
Sorwe, sb. sorrow, S, S2, CM, C2; sorȝe, S; zorȝe, S2; soriȝe, S; soreȝe, S; sareȝe, S; soreghe, S2; seorewe, S; serewe, S; seoruwe, S; serwe, S2; soru, S2; sorhe, S; sorewe, S, S2.—AS. sorh: OS. sorga.
Sorwe-ful, adj. sorrowful, C; sorful, S; sorwefully, adv. sorrowfully, C2.
Sorwen, v. to sorrow, CM; serrȝheþþ, pr. s., S.—AS. sorgian.
Sorwynge, sb. sorrowing, CM; sorewyngis, pl., W.
Sory, adj. sorry, wretched, painful, grievous, Prompt., S2, C, C2, PP, G; sori, S, S2, PP; sari, S; særi, S; sariliche, adv., S; soryly, Prompt. Comb.: sorymod, sad in mind, S.—AS. sárig.
Sorynesse, sb. sadness, Prompt.; sorinesse, S.—AS. sárignes.
Soster, sb. sister, S2; see Suster.
Sote, adj. sweet, C2, C3; see Swete.
Soth, adj. and sb. true, truth, sooth, soothsaying, S, S2, C3, P, H; sooth, C2; suth, S2; sothe, W, S2, S3, P; soothe, S3; zoþe, S2; sothely, adv., verily, PP, W; soothly, C2. Comb.: soðfast, true, S, S3, H; sothefast, W; soothfastnesse, truth, C2, C3, H; sothnes, truth, S2, H; sothnesse, S2, P; sothriht, truly, S.—AS. sóð (for *sonð, *sanð); cp. Icel. sannr (for *sanðr); cp. Dan. sand.
Sothe, adj. south, S3; see Sowthe.
Sothien, v. to verify, SD, SkD (s.v. soothe); i-soðet, pp., S.—AS. ge-sóðian.
Sothroun, adj. southern, S3; see Sowtherne.
Sotte, sb. fool, S, Prompt., PP; sot, S, S2; sottes, gen., S, S2. Der.: sotlice, foolishly, S; sotschipe, folly, S; sotted, besotted, C3.—OF. sot.
Sotyle, adj. subtle, fine-wrought, crafty, ingenious, Prompt.; sotyl, PP; sotil, PP, C; sotel, PP; sutelle, Cath.; sutaille, S3; sotely, adv., PP; suteli, W.—AF. sotil, sutil; Lat. subtīlem.
Sotyle, v. to reason subtly, to make use of cunning, PP; sotilen, PP; sutils, pr. s., makes subtle, H.
Sotylte, sb. skill, Prompt.; sotilte, C3.—AF. sotiltee; Lat. subtilitatem.
Souchen, v. to suspect, SD, HD; souches, pr. s., S2.—OF. suscher; Late Lat. *suspicare, for Lat. suspicari, see Diez, p. 681, and BH, § 152.
Souden, v. to pay, PP. See Sowde.
Soudly, adj. dirty, S3.—Cp. Northern E. suddill, to dirty (JD), also G. sudeln, to do dirty work.
Souerty, sb. surety, S3; see Surety.
Soufre, sb. sulphur, S2; soulfre, CM.—OF. soufre, soulfre (Cotg.); Late Lat. sulfurem.
Souken, v. to suck, C2, S2, W2; sowken, S3. Comb.: soukynge-fere, foster-brother, W.—AS. súcan, pt. séac, pp. socen.
Soule, sb. soul, PP, S, S2; sowle, S, C; saule, S, S2, H; sawle, S; saull, S3; soulen, pl., S, S2; saulen, S; sawless, S; sowle, S; zaulen, S2. Comb.: soule hele, soul’s salvation, PP; sawel hel, S2.—AS. sáwol, sáwle: Goth. saiwala.
Soun, sb. sound, S2, S3, C2, W2, H: sown, H, W, W2; sowne, S2; son, S2; sownde, Prompt.—AF. soun, OF. son; Lat. sonum.
Sound, sb. a swoon, S3; see Swowne.
Sounen, v. to sound, C2, PP; sownen, C2, S2, W2, PP; sowndyn, Prompt.; sunen, S.—AF. suner, soner; Lat. sonare.
Sounyng, sb. sounding, S2.
Soupen, v. to sup, drink gradually, to eat supper, P, W, C2; sowpen, S3.—OF. souper. Of Teutonic origin. Cp. Sup.
Souper, sb. supper, C; soper, C, C2, G.—OF. souper, AF. soper.
Souple, adj. supple, pliant, C, C2.—OF. souple, beaten, defeated (Bartsch); Lat. supplicem, submissive.
Soure, adj. sour, acid, PP; sur, S; soure, adv. sourly, C2, P. Comb.: sourdouȝ, leaven, W; sourdow, W; sourdowȝ, W.—AS. súr; cp. Icel. súrr and súrdegi (Matt. 13. 33).
Souren, v. to sour; sowrid, pp., made sour, W.
Sours, sb. source, origin, C2; soaring, CM.—OF. sourse, a spring of water; Late Lat. sursa, a late pp. f. form from Lat. surgere (OF. sordre, pp. sors, sours).
Souse, v. to strike, dash, RD, SkD; souce, Spenser 1. See below.
Souse, sb. the downward plunge of a bird of prey, RD. (Originally the same as Sours, used of a hawk’s flight.—W. W. S.)
Soutere, sb. cobbler, S3; souter, PP; sowter, Cath., ND.—AS. sútere (Voc.); Lat. sutor.
Souteresse, sb. a woman shoe-seller, P.
Souenaunce, sb. remembrance, S3.—OF. sovenance, also souvenance (Cotg.), from sovenir; Lat. subuenire.
Souerentè, sb. sovereignty, Prompt.; souerayntee, C2.—AF. soverainte.
Souereyn, adj. and sb. supreme, sovereign, C, C2, C3; souereynes, pl., superiors, P, W; sufrayns, H; souereyneste, superl., W2; soueraignly, adv., C.—AF. soverein; Late Lat. *superanum.
Sowdan, sb. sultan, S2, C3.—OF. soudan, souldan; Arab. sultân.
Sowdanesse, sb. sultaness, S2, C3.
Sowde, v. to strengthen; sowdid, pp. (= Lat. consolidatae), W.—OF. souder (Cotg.): It. soldare; Lat. solidare, see SkD (s.v. solder).
Sowde, sb. stipend, pay, W; sowd, Prompt.; sowdis, pl., W.—OF. soude; Lat. soldum, a sum of money, from solidus.
Sowdyowre, sb. one that fights for pay, soldier, Prompt.; soudiour, S3.—Cp. OF. soudoier (Ducange).
Sowen, v. to sow, S, PP; sawe, S; souwen, PP; sewe, pt. s., W; sew, H; sewen, pl., S; seowe, pt. s. subj., S; sowun, pp., W; sowe, G; ȝe-sawen, S.—AS. sáwan.
Sowse, v. to immerse in brine, to plunge in water, to drench with rain, Palsg., S3; soused, pp., pickled, Sh.; soust, drenched, Spenser 1.—From OF. sause, sauce; Lat. salsa, salted.
Sowse, sb. a dish of pickled food, succidium, Voc.
Sowthe, adj. south, Prompt.; sothe, S3; suð, S. Comb.: Souþ-hamtessire, Hampshire, S2; Suð-sæxe, Sussex, SD.—AS. súð: OHG. sund-ana, from the south (Tatian).
Sowtherne, adj. southern, Prompt.; souþeron, S2; southren, C3; sothroun, S3; suthroun, S3.
Soyr, adj. brown (as of withered leaves), S3.—OF. sor (Roland); cp. F. saure. Of Teutonic origin. See Seere.
Spæche, sb. speech, S; see Speche.
Spak, adj. wise, prudent, quiet, gentle, SD; spake, HD; spakliche, adv., SD; spakli, S2.—Icel. spakr, quiet, gentle, wise.
Spale, sb. a chip of wood, splinter, S, SD; spalle, Prompt.; spolle, Prompt.; spole, Voc.—Icel. spölr (spala, gen. pl.).
Spang, sb. a metal fastening, brooch, clasp, buckle; spangs, pl., S3.—AS. spange (Grein).
Spangele, sb. a small plate of shining metal used to ornament a bridle, lorale, Prompt.
Spanyn, v. to wean, Prompt.; spane, HD; spaned, H, Cath.—Cp. G. spänen, OHG. (bi)spenjan, Du. spenen, see Weigand; cp. also AS. spana, ‘ubera’ (Voc.).
Spanynge, sb. a weaning, ablactacio, Cath., Prompt.
Sparkle, sb. spark. Prompt. Comb.: deed-sparcle (= Lat. fauilla), W2.
Sparlire, sb. the calf of the leg, HD; sparlyuer, sura, Trevisa (5. 355); sperlyuer, musculus, Voc.—AS. spear-líra, ‘sura’ (Deut. 28. 35), speoru-líra (OET.).
Sparre, sb. a beam, bar, spar, C, S3, Prompt., Cath.—AS. speoru (Voc.); cp. Icel. sparri.
Sparthe, sb. axe, battle-axe, Prompt., Cath.; sparth, C, WA.—Icel. sparða.
Sparwe, sb. sparrow, C, S2; sparowe, Prompt. Comb.: spar-hauk, sparrow-hawk, C2; sperhauke, P.—AS. spearwa.
Spatel, sb. spittle, S; see Spotil.
Spateling, sb. spitting, S.
Spealie, v. to tell, S; see Spellien.
Spece, sb. species, kind, S, Prompt.—Lat. speciem. Cf. Spice.
Speche, sb. speech, S, S2, PP; spæche, S; spek, S2.—AS. spǽc (Voc.). See Speken.
Sped, sb. success, speed, S; speed, Prompt.—AS. spéd.
Spede-ful, adj. profitable, W; speedful, C3; spedfullest, superl., S3.
Speden, v. to succeed, prosper, speed, S, S2, S3; spet, pr. s., speeds, goes on, G; spedith, profits, S3, W2; spedde, pt. s., S, C2; sped, pp., S3.—AS. spédan.
Speir, sb. sphere, S3; see Spere.
Speken, v. to speak, S, S2; spæken, S; spece, 1 pr. s., S; specð, pr. s., S; spæc, pt. s., S; spac, S, S2; spak, S, S2; spec, S, spek, S; spake, 2 pt. s., S, G; speke, S; spækenn, pl., S; speken, S; speke, S2; speeke, S2; spekene, ger., S; speokene, S; i-speken, pp., S; ispeke, S.—AS. specan (for sprecan), pt. spæc, pp. specen.
Spell, sb. a discourse, story, S; spelle, dat., S, S2, C2.—AS. spell.
Spellien, v. to relate, speak; spellen, S, PP; spealie, S; spilien, S.—AS. spellian.
Spellinge, sb. recital, Prompt., S2.
Spence, sb. provision-room, larder, G, Prompt.; spense, Voc.; expense, G, W.—OF. despense (Constans); Late Lat. dispensa (Voc.).
Spencer, sb. officer having charge of the provisions, G; spenser, G; sponcere, Prompt.—OF. despensier; Late Lat. dispensarium (acc.).
Spenden, v. to use, spend, Prompt., PP; spene, S, PP; spende, pt. pl., S2; i-spend, pp., S; spendid, W; sponded, G. Comb.: spending-siluer, money to spend, C3.—AS. spendan (in compounds); Lat. dispendere.
Spennen, v. to stretch, embrace, grasp, SD; spendyd, pt. s., grasped, S3; spend, pp., SD.—Icel. spenna; cp. AS. spannan, to bind, OHG. (gi)spannan (Otfrid); see Weigand.
Spercled, pp. scattered, flung abroad, S3 (24. 67).
Spere, sb. sphere, Prompt., CM; speir, S3.—OF. espere; Late Lat. spera, sphera; Gr. σφαῖρα.
Spere, sb. spear, S, C, Prompt.—AS. spere; cp. OHG. sper (Tatian).
Speren, v. to fasten with a spar, to close, S, Cath.; sperre, Cath.; speride, pt. s., S2; sperd, pp., S, H; sperrid, H.—AS. sparrian. See Sparre.
Sperhauke, sb. sparrow-hawk, P; see under Sparwe.
Sperling, sb. a small fish, S2; sperlynge, Cath., Voc.; sparlynge, Cath. (n); spurling, Cath. (n).—OF. esperlan, smelt (Cotg.).
Speten, v. to spit, S, W2, Voc., CM; spette, pt. s., W, SD; spete, W; speten, pl., W; spetide, pt. s., W.—AS. spǽtan, pt. spǽtte.
Spewen, v. to vomit, Cath.; spue, W2.—AS. spíwan, pt. spáw, pp. spiwen.
Spice, sb. species, kind, spice, W; spyce, Voc.; spices, pl., S, P. Comb.: spicelike, with spices, S; spices ware, spicery, S.—OF. espice; Late Lat. spĕcia (for Lat. spĕciem), see BH, § 32. See Spece.
Spicer, sb. dealer in spices, P, S2; spyserez, pl., S2.
Spicerye, sb. spicery, S2, C2, C3.—AF. spicerie.
Spien, v. to spy, to look after, to watch, S; see Espye.
Spilen, v. to play, S; spilede, pt. s., S.—Icel. spila; cp. G. spielen.
Spilien, v. to speak, S; see Spellien.
Spillen, v. to perish, also to destroy, S, S2, C2, C3, P; spyllen, S2; spill, S3; spilt, pp., killed, C3; y-spilte, PP.—AS. spillan, to destroy (Grein).
Spire, sb. shoot, scion, blade, tall grass, reed, PP, S, G, CM; spyre, Prompt., PP, Palsg.; spier, W2.
Spiren, v. to enquire, speer, PP; speren, PP; speoren, PP; spuren, PP; spirs, imp. pl., S2; spird, pt. pl., S2; sperd, pt. s., S3.—AS. spyrian, to make a track, from spor, track, see SkD (s.v. spur).
Splene, sb. the spleen, Prompt.; splen, SkD. Phr.: on the splene, suddenly, S3; fro the splene, with sudden fervour, rapidly, S3.—Lat. splen.
Spoile, sb. booty, SkD; spuylis, pl., W2. See below.
Spoilen, v. to plunder, W (Mk. 3. 27); spuyle, W; spuylid, pp., W2.—OF. spolier (Cotg.); Lat. spoliare; see BH, § 64.
Spone, sb. a chip, splinter of wood, spoon, C3, Prompt.; spoon, C2. Comb.: span-newe, span new, SkD; spon-neowe, SkD.—AS. spón; cp. Icel. spónn, also spánn; cp. G. spannen (Weigand).
Spore, sb. spur, PP, Prompt., C, G.—AS. spora.
Spotil, sb. spittle, W; spotele, W2; spatel, S.—AS. spátl.
Spousaille, sb. wedding, C2; spousail, C2; sposailis, pl., W.—OF. espousailles.
Spouse, sb. spouse, bridegroom, bride, W; spuse, S; spowse, Prompt. Comb.: spousbreche, adulterer, SD; spusbruche, adultery, SD; spousebrekere, adulterer, W; spoushod, marriage, S2.—AF. espouse (espuse); Lat. sponsam; also OF. espos, spous; Lat. sponsum; see BH, § 169.
Spousen, v. to espouse, W, S2, C2; spousi, S2; i-spoused, pp., S2; y-spoused, S2; i-spused, S.—OF. espouser; Lat. sponsare.
Sprangis, sb. pl. diffused rays of various colours, S3.
Spraulin, v. to sprawl, SD; sprawel, S2; sprauleden, pt. pl., S.—AS. spréawlian (cited by Zupitza from Bouloneser Glossen, see Studium der neueren Sprachen, July, 1886).
Sprayngis, sb. pl. sprinklings, S3. See Sprengen.
Spreden, v. to spread, PP, S, S2; spradde, pt. s., C2; spredd, pp., S; sprad, C; y-sprad, C2.—AS. sprǽdan.
Spreit, sb. spirit, S3; spyryte, Prompt.—Lat. spiritus.
Sprengen, v. to sprinkle, W, G; sprente, pt. s., S3; spreynten, pl., W2; spreynd, pp., S2, C2, C3, W; spreind, W; spreynt, W; y-spreynd, C.—AS. sprengan, causal of springan.
Sprengen, v. to spring, to be diffused; sprent, pt. s., S3.—AS. sprengan, to spring (Sweet).
Sprenkelin, v. to sprinkle, to dart, Prompt.; sprynkland, pr. p., darting in various directions (of fish in the water), S3.
Spring, sb. a rod, sprig, PP; sprynge, P; sprenges, pl., W2.
Springen, v. to spring, to arise, to dawn, PP, S, C2; sprynge, PP; sprenge, pr. s. subj., W; sprang, pt. s., S; sprong, S; sprungen, pp., S2; sprunge, S; sprongen, S3; spronge, C; i-sprunge, S. Der.: springing, beginning, source, C2.—AS. springan, pt. sprang (pl. sprungon), pp. sprungen.
Springen, v. to make to spring, rouse; sprange, pt. pl., S3. See below.
Springen, v. to sprinkle, C2; y-spronge, pp., S2. Der.: springyng, sprinkling, W. See Sprengen.
Sprutlyt, pp. speckled, S3. See SkD (s.v. sprout).
Sprynkland; see Sprenkelin.
Spurn, sb. a kick, S3.
Spurnen, v. to kick, Prompt., C2, SkD; spurnde, pt. s., S2.—AS. speornan.
Spuyle, v. to plunder, W; see Spoilen.
Spuylis, pl. spoils, W; see Spoile.
Spynke, sb. finch, rostellus, Voc.; spink, Cotg., JD, HD; spynk, S3 (s.v. gold). Cp. Gr. σπίγγος, and OF. pinçon (BH), F. pinson.
Spynnare, sb. spinner, spider, Prompt.; spinner, Sh., HD.
Spynnen, v. to spin, Prompt.
Spynstare, sb. a woman who spins, Prompt.; spynnester, PP; spinster, S2, PP, Sh.
Spyrakle, sb. the breath of life, S2.—Lat. spiraculum uitae, Gen. 7. 22 (Vulg.).
Squames, sb. pl. scales, C3.—Lat. squama.
Squaymous, adj. loth, fastidious, CM; see Skeymowse.
Squier, sb. squire, S, C2; squyer, C2, S2.—OF. esquïer, escuier; Late Lat. scutarium, from Lat. scutum, shield; cp. It. scudiére.
Squyler, sb. dish-washer, S2; sqwyllare, Prompt., SkD (s.v. scullery); swyllere, Voc.—OF. sculier (Ducange); Late Lat. scutelarium, one in charge of the dishes (Ducange); from Lat. scutella. (It seems to have been confused with swiller; see SkD, s.v. scullery.—W. W. S.)
Squylerey, sb. room for washing dishes in, a scullery, SkD.—Cp. OF. esculier; Late Lat. scutellarium, ‘locus ubi reponuntur scutellae’ (Ducange). See above.
Sqware, adj. square, Prompt.; sware, S2.—OF. esquarre; Lat. ex + quadram; cp. It. squadra.
Srid, pt. s. clothed, S; see Schrouden.
Srud, sb. dress, S; see Schroud.
Ss-; see Sch-.
Sseawere, sb. a mirror, S2; see Schawere.
Sseawy, v. to show, S2; see Schewen.
Ssedde; see under Scheden.
Ssede; see under Schade.
Ssoldren, pl. shoulders, S2; see Schuldere.
Stable, adj. constant, firm, fixed, C2, W, PP; stabli, adv., W.—AF. estable; Lat. stabilem.
Stable, v. to establish, confirm, to cause to rest, S3, W, P, C; y-stabled, S3.—OF. establir.
Stablischen, v. to establish, W; stablisse, PP.—OF. establiss-, stem of establissant, pp. of establir.
Stac, pt. s. closed up, S2; see Steken.
Stad, pp. bestead, circumstanced, beset, WA, S2.—Icel. staddr, circumstanced, Swed. stadd.
Staf, sb. a staff, stick, a letter of the alphabet, PP, SD; staffe, Prompt.; staues, pl., S2, PP. Comb.: stef-creft, the art of grammar, S; staf-slinge, staff-sling, C2; staff-slynge, HD; staff-slyngere, staff-slinger, HD.—AS. stæf, staff, stick, twig, letter written on a twig, see Weigand (s.v. buchstab); cp. Icel. stafr, OHG. stab, buohstab (Tatian).
Staire, adj. steep, WA; stayre, WA (n).
Staire, sb. stair, ladder, WA.—AS. stǽger. See Stien.
Stal, Stall, pt. s. of Stelen.
Stale, sb. stealing, S.—AS. stalu.
Stalken, v. to step slowly, C, G; stalkyn, Prompt.; stalked him, pt. s. refl., C2.—AS. stealcian; see Sweet, Anglo-Saxon Primer, 83. 37.
Stalle, sb. place, state, station, prison, stall, booth, PP, Prompt.; steal, S; stal, Prompt.; stale, S3.—AS. steal: OHG. stal (Otfrid).
Stallit, pp. placed, S3.
Stallyn, v. to enthrone prelates, Prompt.
Stalworðe, adj. stout, strong, sturdy, S2, G; stalworth, PP, H (pp. 26, 87); stalword, S2; stalworthy, S3, Prompt.; stalworþest, superl., S2; stalwortly, adv. sturdily, S2. Comb.: stalworth-hede, stalwartness, S2.—AS. stælwurð (Chron. ann. 896).
Stamyn, sb. stamine, linsey-woolsey cloth, a garment made of that material, Prompt., Cath. (n); stamin, S; stamine, HD.—OF. estamine, tamine, also a strainer (Cotg.).
Stamyn, sb. the stem, bows of a vessel, S2; stamyne, Cath. (n).—Icel. stafn, stamn, a post, prow-post, also stern-post; cp. It. stamine, the upright ribs or pieces of timber of the inside of a ship, of our shipwrights called foot-stocks (Florio).
Standen, v. to stand, to cost, be valid, S; stonden, S, S2, C2, W; stant, pr. s., S, S2, S3; stont, S; stand, S2; stonte, S2; stode, pt. s., S2; pl., S2; stoden, S2, C2; stude, S3; i-stonde, pp., S.—AS. standan, pt. stód, pp. ge-standen.
Stane, sb. dat. stone, S; see Stoon.
Stang, sb. stagnant pool; stanc, S2; stank, HD; stangis, pl., H; stangeȝ, S2; staunkis, H.—OF. estang, estan (estanc); Lat. stagnum.
Stangen, v. to prick, to throb, HD, H. Der.: stangynge, torment, H.
Stannyris, sb. pl. the small stones and gravel at the side of a river, S3. See Stoon.
Staple, sb. a loop of iron in a wall used for fastening chains, S3 (p. 472).—AS. stapul (Voc.).
Starf, pt. s. died, S2, C2; see Steruen.
Starin, v. to stare, also to shine, glitter, SD; stare, C2, S3, PP; starinde, pr. p., S; stareand, S2.—AS. starian.
Stark, adj. strong, firm, severe, S, S3; starrc, S; starke, pl., C2.—AS. stearc: OS. starc.
Starnys, pl. stars, S3; see Sterne.
Stat, sb. state, condition, S2; staat, existence (= Lat. status), W. Cf. Estat.
Staþelien, to establish; ȝe-staþeled, pp., S.—AS. ge-staðelod.
Staþelnesse, sb. stability, SD; staþelnes, S2.—AS. staðolnes.
Statut, sb. statute, PP; statute, PP; statutes, pl., S2, PP. Comb.: statute-staple, the staple to which a prisoner is by law attached, S3.—AF. statut (estatut); Lat. statutum.
Stauez, pr. s. stows away, S2; stawed, pp., S2; see Stowyn.
Steal, sb. place, state, S; see Stalle.
Steapre; see Stepe.
Stede, sb. steed, horse, S, C2, PP, WA. Comb.: stede-bac, horseback, PP.—AS. stéda, from stód, a collection of horses, a stud.
Stede, sb. place, PP, S, S2, S3; stude, S; stide, W, W2; stud, S2; sted, S3. Comb.: stedefast, steadfast, S; stedefastliche, steadfastly, S; stedfastly, C2; stedefastnesse, firmness, C2.—AS. stede: OS. stedi: Goth. stadi- (stem of staths).
Stee, sb. a ladder, WA, HD; sties, pl., HD. See Stien.
Steef, Stef; see Styf.
Steer, sb. a young ox, C, PP.—AS. stéor; cp. Lat. taurus, see Curtius, No. 232.
Stef-creft, sb. the art of grammar, S; see Staf.
Stefne, sb. voice, S; see Steuene.
Steghe, v. to ascend, H; see Stien.
Steghere, sb. rider, H.
Steir, v. to stir, S3; see Stiren.
Steken, v. to fasten, SD, WA; stekye, v., to be fastened up, P; stekez, imp. pl., S2; stac, pt. s., S2; stak, SkD (s.v. stick); stoken, pp., S2; y-steke, G; i-steke, G.—Cp. OHG. stechan, to fix, pierce, pt. stáh (pl. stáchun), pp. gi-stochan, see Otfrid.
Stelen, v. to steal, to go stealthily, PP; stæl, pt. s., S; stal, C2, W; stall, S3; stalen, pl., S; stelen, S; stole, pp., C. Comb.: stæl ut, stole out, S; stal ut, S.—AS. stelan, pt. stæl (pl. stǽlon), pp. stolen.
Stelðe, sb. stealth, PP; stalthe, SkD. Cf. Stouth.
Stem, sb. vapour, ray of light, flame, S; steem, Prompt.—AS. stéam.
Stemin, v. to steam, shine, gleam, C, S3, CM.—AS. stéman (SkD).
Stene, sb. a stone jar, SD, Trevisa 4. 115; steenes, pl., S2. See below.
Stenen, adj. made of stone, S.—AS. stǽnen (Voc.). See Stoon.
Stent, sb. stopping-place, S3.
Stenten, v. to cease, pause, CM; see Stynten.
Steoren, v. to perfume with incense, S.—Cp. AS. stéran (Leo). See Stor.
Steoren, v. lead, direct, S; see Steren.
Steorren, pl. stars, S; see Sterre.
Step-barn, sb. orphan, H.—Cp. AS. step-cild, orphan, Ps. 67. 6 (VP); AS. stéop, orphaned; cp. OHG. stiuf.
Stepe, adj. steep, WA, SkD.—AS. stéap.
Stepe, adj. bright, shining (of eyes), CM, C, S3, HD; steapre, comp., S3 (p. 426).