ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.

69335, 69334, 69333, 69336, 69332. Small bow guards of leather ornamented with plates of tin. Kém-pas-si-kwin hé-lo-pa-na.

69393, 69299. Horn arrow straighteners. Shó mo-thla-k‘ia-na-k’ia sái-a-we.

69400. Belt of hair and green rawhide used in the costume of the order of cactus. Kâ-shi-kwe a-wen kém-i-k‘win ú-pi-thlai-e.

69304. Rawhide head band and horn used in the dance of the feast of dead enemies or Ó-i-na-he. Ó-i-na-he a-wa kém-othl-pan, sái-a-i-e.

69307. Small darts used by children in a game of the War God, made of feathers and cobs. Lá-po-tchi-we.

6379. Deer-horn prod for use in basket weaving. Tsí-o-na-k’ia saí-an-ne.

69302. Horns used in sacred dance of blue horn. Kâ´-kâ-thli-an an saí-a-we.

69337. Pair of heel-bands used by women in the dance of fallen enemies, etc. (two specimens). Wé-thle-a-kwi-we.

69266. Deer hoof rattles attached to sacred turtle shell. Thlé-a-kwi an ná-k‘u-tchi-we.

69381. Eagle feathers from shield. K‘iä-k‘iäl lá-ai-yäl-la-k’ia lá-we.

69267. Tortoise shell used in sacred dance. Kâ-kâ a-wen thlé-a-kwi-we.

69376, 69377, 69378. Bone awls used in weaving. Pí-ti sí-wi-k’ia-na-k’ia sam´ si-mi-we.

Miscellaneous objects not numbered in Collector’s Catalogue.

——. Three bow guards for children. Kém pas si-kwi-we.

——. Two small rattles for children. A-tsa-na a-wen tchí-mo-we.

——. Three awls used in weaving blankets and baskets. Sá-si-mi-we.

——. Four sets of small flat sticks used in the game of Tá-sho-li-we.

——. The blue horn used in the head-dress of the women of the horn-dance. Sá-te-tchi Ó-k’ia an saí-an-ne.

69303. Burden-strap for forehead. Yä´thl-ton-ne.

69297. Arrow straighteners of mountain-goat horn. Shó tsathl-tchu-na-k’ia saí-an-ne.

69652. Embroidered sash used in sacred dances. Tá-k‘un í-kwin, Kâ-kâ á-wen.

69298. Horn arrow straightener. Shó tsathl-tchu-na-k’ia saí-an-ne.

69407. Paddle-shaped ornament used in the head-dress of the women during the dance of the Sá-te-tchi.

COLLECTIONS FROM WOLPI, ARIZONA.

ARTICLES OF STONE.

69876-69950. Flat rubbing-stones used for grinding grain on metates.

69951-69971. Metates.

69972-69975. Stone slabs for baking bread.

69976-70063. Stone mortars for grinding paint, chili, etc.

70064. Two fragments of stone mortars.

70065. Metate and two fragments of stone rubbers.

70066. Grinding-stone and muller.

70067-70078. Stone mullers.

70079-70155. Stones used for rubbing, smoothing, and polishing.

70156-70164. Grooved stones used for smoothing and polishing arrows.

70165-70175. Stones used for pounding, hammering, &c.

70176-70313. Stone axes and hammers, mostly of basalt.

70314-70435. Stone hammers and mauls, mostly of coarse ferruginous sandstone.

70436-70475. Stone pestles.

70476-70500. Stones used for grinding paint, chili, pepper, etc.

70501-70508. Hammer-stones, etc.

70509 } Stone axes with handles.
70510

70511-70524. Images carved in sandstone.

71037. Fifteen rubbing or smoothing stones for pottery.

71038. Four rubbing stones.

71039. Stone scraper.

71041. A lot of flakes of obsidian, flint, etc.

ARTICLES OF CLAY.

70525. An imperforate earthen pipe.

70526-45. Water vases or tinajas with various styles of ornamentation.

70546-50. Toy water vases or tinajas.

70551-601. White ware bowls of various sizes and styles of ornamentation.

70602-618. Red ware bowls, variously ornamented.

70619. A paint cup.

70620-23. Coarse toy cups.

70624-31. Small and medium sized water vases. 70628-9, are without ornamentation.

70632-46. Earthenware cups with handles and variously ornamented.

70647-50. Small basket-shaped vessels.

70651-8. Square and oblong dishes, ornamented.

70659-75. Ollas or cooking vessels of various sizes.

70676-95. Medium and large sized ollas or cooking vessels.

70696-98. Toy cooking vessels.

70699-700. Basket-shaped vessels.

70701-39. Canteens without ornament, large size.

70740-44. Canteens, ornamented.

70745-51. Small plain canteens.

70752-56. Calabash or double gourd-shaped water-vessels, some plain and others ornamented.

70757-70789. Large ollas.

70790-70802. Pans, cups and dishes.

70803-882. Ladles of various shapes, sizes and styles of ornamentation.

70883-87. Curiously shaped and ornamented paint-boxes.

70892-901. Salt and pepper boxes.

70902-9. Vessels in the shape of birds with the opening in the top of the head or in the back.

70910. Moccasin shaped vessel.

70911-25. Images of the human figure.

70926-7. Images of an animal, very rude.

71040. Earthenware pipe.

VEGETAL SUBSTANCES.
BASKETRY.

70928-36. Large deep baskets, for carrying loads.

70937. Small deep baskets.

70938-40. Large, oblong, shallow tray baskets.

70941-47. Small, circular, flat basket trays.

70948-50. Circular round-bottomed baskets.

70951-55. Circular flat basket trays, woven in colors.

70956. Wicker-work cradle.

70957-8. Toy cradles.

70959-61. Basket work head guards for cradles.

70962-6. Basket work head pads.

70967-73. Small deep baskets.

70974. Small dipper-shaped basket, with handle.

70975. Head-dress, with horns, used in dances.

70976-82. Shallow circular baskets.

70983-87. Small square baskets, somewhat smaller at the top than at the bottom.

70988-96. Small circular baskets deep, and smaller at the top than at the bottom.

70997. Small circular basket tray.

70998. Hat of plaited straw.

70999. Sock or moccasin of straw.

71000. Ball for a game.

71001-4. Medium-sized circular basket trays.

71005-8. Smaller-sized circular basket trays.

71009-12. Still smaller-sized circular basket trays.

71013-4. Deep circular baskets, much smaller at the mouth than at the bottom.

71015-8. Small deep circular baskets with handles reaching from side to side.

71019-22. Small saucer-shaped water-tight baskets.

71023-28. Jug and gourd-shaped water-tight baskets.

71029-30. Small circular deep baskets.

GOURDS, BOWS, ARROWS, RATTLES, &c.

68701-25. Gourds for carrying water, &c.

68726-57. Gourd rattles, variously ornamented, used in dances.

68758. Gourd drinking vessel.

68759-75. Bows and arrows, used in dances.

68776. Toy bows and arrows.

68777. Bow, bow case, quiver, and arrows.

68778. Strands of beads made of black seeds.

68779-83. Wooden birds with movable wings, used in dances and ceremonies.

68797-800. Wooden forceps.

68802. A hinged toy, used in dances to imitate lightning.

68803. Whirligig, a child’s toy.

68804. Necklace of acorn-cups.

68818-20. Wooden combs.

68821-25. Cylindrical wooden boxes for small articles.

68826. Drum, the body of wood, the heads of skin.

68827-8. Drumsticks.

68829-32. Sticks and tops, used in a game.

68833. Blocks or tops, used in a game.

68834. Spinning toy, a kind of top, consisting of a disk with a spindle through its center.

68835. Tops.

68837. Wooden tongs.

68838. Wooden comb.

68839-40. Wooden knives.

68841. Child’s pop-gun.

68842. Stick with a stone, covered with skin at one end, used as a mallet in a ball game.

68844. Notched stick for bird trap.

66847-9. Wooden hoops or arches, used by girls to arrange the hair at the sides of the head.

68850. Wooden implement used for twisting ropes.

68851-2. Notched sticks and deer’s scapulae, used as rattles.

68853-9. Notched sticks, used as rattles in dances.

68862. Wooden hooks used with the ropes, with which the load is secured upon the back of an animal.

68863-8. Flat wooden sticks, variously notched and painted, which, when attached to a string and whirled swiftly round, produce a buzzing noise; used in dances.

68870-4. Sets of cylindrical blocks, used in a game.

68875. Ornament of wood painted light green, and with a tuft of dark brown wool in the middle; used in dances.

68876-97. Spindles used in spinning. They are composed of a disk of wood, or earthenware, about 4 inches in diameter, through the center of which passes a slender stick, a foot or more in length. Several of them have a piece of corn-cob on the end of the stick. For use, see pl. xliv.

68898. Sticks used in spinning.

68899. Sticks used for arrow shafts.

68900. Bird snares.

68901-7, 69025. Sleys used in weaving.

68908-9. Reed matting.

68910-15. Bundles of grass stems used as hair brushes.

68916-25. Ceremonial sticks with balls attached.

68965-6. Waist or breech cloths of cotton cloth.

68979. Grass hair brush.

see caption

Plate XLIV. MOKI METHOD OF SPINNING.

HEAD-DRESSES, DANCE ORNAMENTS, IMAGES, ETC.

68981. Dancing head-dress, made of a hemispherical wicker-work basket to fit the head, surmounted by large horns of skin painted with light colored clay, and supposed to represent the mountain sheep (ovis americanus).

68983. Head-dress of leather and cotton cloth, painted white and black.

68986. Head-dress composed of a ring of cotton cloth, stuffed with some soft substance, and with a wooden tablet at one side and a horn at the other, and painted black and white.

68987-90. Head-dresses, segments of a circle of basketware, with zigzag sticks protruding from the edge to represent lightning.

68991-4. Head-dress shaped like 68986, but the ring is of rawhide, and the rest of wood. The horn on one side is a frame-work of twigs covered with a netting of cotton twine.

68996-9. Yoke-shaped wooden stick with funnel-shaped ornament of cotton string, stretched over ribs of iron wire at one end of it.

69000. A dance ornament very similar in shape to the preceding, but the funnel is of gourd, painted green, and the stick is ornamented with white, red, and black in the center.

69001. Ceremonial throwing stick or “boomerang,” painted white, red, and black.

69002. Dance ornament of wood, ornamented with a tuft of wool.

69003. Gambling sticks painted in lozenges, black and white.

69004. Gambling sticks, plain black.

69005. Bird upon the end of painted stick, used in dances.

69006-7. Large wooden melon shaped balls, painted, used in ceremonies.

69009-15. Toy cradles of wood and basket work.

69016-17. Ornament made of corn husks, like three flowers upon a stalk, carried in the corn dance.

69018-19. Head ornament. A ring of corn husk is surmounted by eight pieces of corn cob, equidistant, and ornamented with feathers.

69027. Ornament made of husks for the corn dance.

69032. Head dress. A ring of corn husks, from which protrude horizontally zigzag sticks, pointed, and painted red, green, and yellow, which are set close together around the circle; these sticks are said to represent lightning.

69033. Ornament used in the grass dance; a piece of wood, notched on both edges, gaily painted, yellow, green, white, and black, and decorated with a tuft of grass.

69034-6. Ornaments similar to the above, but without the tuft of grass; carried in dances.

69037. Ornament similar to above, with tuft of grass and feathers.

60038. Ornament similar to above, with tuft of feathers tied with bright-colored cotton and woolen yarns.

69039-44. Ear ornaments, a sort of rosette made by winding bright-colored cotton and woolen yarns upon a framework of wood, and worn over the ears in dances.

69045-47. Dance ornament; a funnel shaped section of gourd, gaily painted.

69048. Dance ornaments or charms, made of two small tablets of wood, and painted of a whitish color, upon which is drawn, with black lines, an elongated shield shaped figure divided into squares, in each of which is a black dot.

69049-52. Wooden knobs painted yellow, used as dance ornaments.

69053-65. Wooden dance ornaments, gaily painted, and having disks of wood or leather, and balls attached.

69066-7. Horn shaped dance ornaments of gourd, painted and carved, with two balls attached to each one by strings.

69068-75. Horn shaped dance ornaments of gourd, painted and carved.

69076-69107. Wooden dolls or images, very brightly painted. They are from six to eight inches in height, rudely carved, and sometimes ornamented with feathers.

69108. A ceremonial image or idol, painted white, with black ornaments. It has a fan-shaped head-dress of white rays tipped with black.

69109-12. Ceremonial images with large head-dresses of various combinations of pyramidal figures, vividly colored green, red, black, and white.

69113-4. Large elaborately carved and painted ceremonial head-dresses.

69115. Carved wooden bird.

69116. Small wooden dance ornament, red, green, and blue.

69117. Small wooden dance ornament, shaped like the tail of a fan-tailed pigeon; the body green; the radiating sticks red.

69118. Ornament similar to the preceding, but circular in shape.

69119-20. Are head ornaments of wood, painted blue, red, green, and yellow, in which the pyramidal figure is variously combined; 69120 has a strap of leather to fasten it to the head.

69121. An ornament formed of two small wooden tablets, hinged together in the center with thongs of hide, the upper part of each tablet cut into steps, so that the two form a pyramid, painted green, with tadpoles in black scattered over side.

69122, 69125. Dance ornaments similar to 69119-20.

69123-4, 69126-31. Are zigzag sticks or wands, variously painted green, yellow, red; are-carried in the hands in dances.

69132-5. Dance ornaments. In the center of two sticks, which form a cross, is placed a ring of wood, over which a piece of skin is stretched, upon which a face is painted in a rudely conventional manner, the colors being green, yellow, red, white, and black. Outside of this is secured a zigzag ring of cornhusks.

69136-7. Pads of cornhusks worn by women on the side of the head.

69138-40. Small wooden hoops covered with a netting of cotton yarn.

69141. Small wooden hoop with a visor of skin, like a shade for the eyes.

69142-45. Wooden hoops, over which cotton cloth is stretched, and painted green, upon which grotesque faces and other figures are rudely drawn in black.

69146-7. Triangular wooden frame covered with cotton cloth, painted green and ornamented with a figure in black, red, and yellow.

69148. Two oblong wooden frames, similar to preceding.

69149. Ceremonial throwing sticky or boomerang.

69150. Wooden ornament carried in the dance.

69151-2. Ceremonial head-dresses. A circular rim of wood supports semi-circular arched ribs, which cross each other, and from their center rises a perpendicular wooden tablet, carved and painted.

69153. Head-dress, formed of four narrow slats of wood, neatly hinged together with small thongs of skin; the outer slats are longer than the two middle ones, thus leaving a square recess for the head. The upper part of each slat is cut into a pyramid of steps, which are each painted of a different color. The whole is brilliantly colored in red, green, yellow, and blue.

69154. A similar head-dress, but it is of a single piece, and the top is in three scollops.

69155. Similar to preceding, but the top line is straight.

69159-60. Similar to preceding, but the top rises in three steps, forming a pyramid, brightly painted and quite elaborately ornamented.

69156-8. Wooden wands, variously painted and ornamented. They are carried in the hands at dances.

69161. Wooden board with two handles at lower end, painted with two dancing figures, with joined hands, and other ornaments. Carried in the hands in dances.

69165. Board similar to above, but without the human figures, and is curiously painted in red, green, yellow, black, and white.

69162. Wand or rod with a wisp of grass attached at one end.

69163-4, 69166-91. Narrow wooden slats with a handle notched in one end, and variously ornamented. The predominant design is a curiously conventionalized human figure, painted in gaudy colors.

59192. An Indian flute.

69193-218. Throwing-sticks or boomerangs, some painted, others plain.

IMPLEMENTS FOR WEAVING, ETC.

69219-20. Looms with cloth partly woven.

69221-2. Sticks, part of loom.

69223-6. Flat sticks for breaking up the woof.

69227. Curved, flat-batten stick.

69228-29. Wooden agricultural implement for digging.

ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.
HORN AND BONE.

68784-8. Cow and sheep bells made of horn.

68789. Horns of an antelope.

68790. Horn of a goat.

68791. Rattle of turtle shell.

68792-6. Implements of horn for straightening and polishing arrow shafts.

68810-17. Perforators of bone.

68969-78. Children’s buckskin moccasins.

68982. Head-dress of buckskin, with long horns of the same material, painted black and white. Used in dances.

68980. Fringed leather girdle.

FEATHERS.

69020-4. Feather ornaments used in dances.

WOVEN FABRICS, ETC.

68928. Woven woolen belt, red and black, with green borders.

68929. A head-dress cut out of a gray felt hat, and ornamented with pieces of red woolen cloth, and figures drawn with black lines.

68861. Plaited woolen rope, with wooden hooks attached, used for fastening the load upon the back of an animal.

SKIN OR LEATHER.

68801. Head-strap of raw hide used for carrying loads.

68805-9. Bags or pouches made of bull’s scrotum.

68836. Leathern pouch.

68843. Skin-covered ball for a game.

68845-6. Wristlets for protecting the arm when shooting with the bow and arrow.

68861. Leather ring used with a rope or lariat for fastening loads upon the backs of animals.

68869. Foot-ball of skin stuffed with wool.

68926-7. Belts of raw hide.

68930. Leather pouch and strap.

68931-2. Buckskin pouches.

68933-4. Knife-sheaths of skin.

68935. Leather pouch.

68996-7, Fringed deer-skin bands.

68938. Sling of buckskin.

68939-46. Ornamental bands for the ankle; made of narrow strips of skin, ornamented with bright colored woolen yarns.

68947-8. The same ornamented with porcupine quills.

68949-50. Fringed leather girdles.

68951. Leather wristlet.

68952-8. Anklets of buckskin, fringed.

68959-63. Leggings of buckskin.

68964. Waistcloth of buckskin and cotton.

68967-8. Saddle-bags of buckskin, ornamented with red woolen cloth, and long fringe of buckskin.

INDEX

Axes, Collection of Indian 521
Baskets, Collection of Indian 576-586, 589
Bottles, Collections of Indian water 533-538
Bowls, Collection of 546-564
Bows, Collection of 589
Canteens, Collection of Indian 538-543

Chase and war, Collection of implements of

581
Clay articles, Catalogues of 531-575
Collections in 1881
from Arizona; Wolpi 587

New Mexico; Zuñi

521

Pueblos

511-592
amulets, Hunting and war 527
arrows 589
axes 521
baskets 546, 576-580, 589
bowls 546-564
bows 589
condiment vessels 569
cooking-pots 561-566
cups 545
dippers 566
effigies 574
gourds 589
head-dresses 590
implements of gambling 581
implements of the dance 582
implements of the loom 580
instruments of war and chase 581
ladles 566, 575
metates 521
mortars 522
mullers 524
paint jars 573
pots 570-573
pitchers 543
rattles 589
spoons 560, 575
water bottles 533-538
canteens 538-543
jars 531-533
jugs 538-543
Cups, Collection of Indian 545
Cushing, Frank H.
on Zuñi fetiches 591

prepared field catalogue for Zuñi collection

517
Dance implements 582
Dippers, collection of Indian 566
Effigies, collection of Indian 574
Gambling implements, Collection of 581
Gourds, Collection of Indian 589
Head-dresses, Collection of Indian 590
Jars, Collection of Indian paint 573
Jugs, Collection of Indian water 538-543
Loom implements, Collection of Indian 580
Metal objects in collection 585
Metates, Collection of 521
Mindeleff, V., Work of 517
Mortars, Collection of Indian 522
Mullers, Collection of 524

New Mexico; Collection from pueblos of

511
Paint jars, Collection of Indian 573
pots, Collection of Indian 570-573
Pitchers, Collection of Indian 543
Pots, Collection of cooking 564-566

paint

570-573
Rattles, Collection of Indian 589
Spoons, Collection of Indian 560, 575
Vessels, Collection of condiment 569
War and chase, Collection of implements of 581

hunting amulets, Collection of

527
Water jars, Collection of 531-533

Wolpi, Arizona, by J. Stevenson, Collections from pueblos of

587-592
Zuñi, Collection from 521-586

cooking pots, Collection of

564-566

loom implements, Collection of

580
paint-jars, Collection of 573

pots, Collection of

570-573

Technical Note on Zuni words

The system of transliteration is not explained in the text. It was therefore difficult, often impossible, to distinguish typograpical errors from variant forms or imperfect transcription.

The sound rendered as “thl” would be written today as ł (l with crossing line). The backward apostrophe ‘ probably represents the glottal stop; the simple apostrophe ’ may indicate the same sound. The two characters seem to occur in complementary distribution (initial vs. non-initial syllables), but exceptions were too numerous to list. The free-standing accent ´ may be a stress marker. Small raised g could not be identified.

The spelling “Zuñi” with tilde is Spanish; today the word is generally written “Zuni.”

Transcriber’s Notes on the Illustrations

Bureau of Ethnology articles rarely included artist credits, but some of the photographs are signed:

artist’s signatures

Henry Hobart Nichols (1869-1962) was one of the Smithsonian’s stable of artists; his signature appears in other Bureau of Ethnology articles. In this article, the “Sr.” in two signatures, as well as the date of publication, point to his father, H. Hobart Nichols (1838-1886).