Flood and destruction myths and traditions, 88, 240, 253, 270-275

(see Myths and Traditions).

Flower, as symbol, 101;

four petals, two leaves and stalk, 191;

on Tablet of the Cross, 236;

symbol of Centre and Four Quarters, 278;

recapitulation of meaning of, 284;

lotus in Hindu religion, 314;

or rosette, in Assyrian symbolism, 366;

seven petalled flower on Phœnician tablets, 395;

Egyptian word for=ankh means also “life,” 413;

emblem of Middle, axial rotation and life, 413-420.

Footsteps, in circle, indicating rotation, 90, 279.

Forrer, R., 460.

Förstemann, E., 107, 109, 112.

Four Elements, in ancient religion and symbolism: union of, in sacred rites, 97;

regarded as attributes of Supreme Divinity, 99;

Mexican and Zuñi beliefs and ceremonies, 99-102;

symbolized by calendar signs, 182;

symbols of, on Mexican Calendar Stone, 249-251, 253, 254;

classification of among the Mexicans, Zuñi, and Chinese, 293, 294;

Creator, in Peru and Mexico, named Earth, air, fire and water in One, 494, 510, 529.

Four Quarters, in ancient religion and symbolism: 38, 41, 46;

on shell gorgets, 48, 49;

colors of, represented on feathered serpent, 70;

represented in Mexico by four executive officers, 75, 76;

ancient Yucatan divided into, 85, 86;

in Vienna Codex, 90, 91;

in Borgian Codex, 91;

represented in Caracol or Round Temple of Chichen Itza, 97;

all things divided into, for an indefinite period, finally subdivided, 99;

figured as single sign, 124;

in plan of capital and form of government among Incas, 136, 144;

represented on carved slab from Santa Lucia, 172;

represented by four limbs of human figure, 174;

symbolized in ancient American games 176, 178;

in Féjérvary Codex, 178;

represented by 20-day period, 179, 180;

lords of, among the Quiches, 182;

colors of, 192;

among Zuñi, 201;

in pyramid temple at Chichen Itza, 208;

idea of, carried out by Quetzalcoatl in the Mexican temples, 209;

ruler of, on Copan stelæ, 220;

meaning of symbol as used among the Maya, 223;

on Copan swastika, 224;

on Palenque tablets, 243;

in Mexican calendar-stone, 250;

designated by colors on monuments in Mexico, 251;

symbolized on monolith “Divine Twin,” 260;

cult of, in Mexico and Peru, 264;

Cortes regarded as Lord of, 266;

in connection with pyramid, 273;

list of symbols connected with, 278;

expressed by pyramid, 282;

in flower symbol, 284;

in Chinese calendar system, 285, 291;

associated with color and the elements, 293;

with parts of the body by Chinese, 294;

with form of quadruped by Zuñi, 295;

in China, 298;

in Japan, 311;

in India, 313;

in Persia, 325;

in Assyria and Babylonia, 332, 333, 337, 357;

in Egypt, 369, 372, 386, 394, 395, 415;

in ancient Ireland, the five kings assigned one to the middle and the others to the cardinal points, 468;

in ancient Britain, 470;

in ancient Scandinavia, 472;

table of countries in which traces of cult have been found, 480-494;

in religious ideas of Old and New World, 517, 539;

summary and conclusions, 544.

Gage, Thomas, 75, 84.

Gallatin, 196.

Gama, Leon y, 96, 186, 246, 252, 256, 260.

Game of ball, represented idea of perpetual motion of the heavenly bodies, 82;

of patolli, description of, 87;

tlachtli and patolli in Mexico, 176, 177, 178.

Garcia, 150.

Garcilaso de la Vega, 132, 133.

Gaul, divided into seven provinces, 493.

Gesenius, 518.

Gensler, Dr., 395.

Ghizeh Museum, 427.

Gibbon, 150.

Gilgamesh epic, 366.

Gillies, John, 487.

Globus, 52.

God C, Maya divinity, 108, 111;

not identical with Polaris, 112.

God L, Maya divinity, 108.

God M, Maya divinity, 108.

Godman, F. Ducane, 120.

Godman and Salvin, 216.

Gomara, 26, 39, 90, 150.

Goodyear, William H., 314, 395, 413, 414, 415, 418, 420, 424, 460.

Goose, in Egyptian symbolism, 398;

in Egyptian, Sanscrit and Hindu religious art, 418;

in the prehistoric art of Greece, Italy, Hallstatt, Gaul, Sweden;

name for in different languages, 419.

Gordon, G. B., 512.

Gottfriedt, J. L., 63.

Government (see Quadruple organization, and Social organization).

Great Plan, stone of, 506.

Great temple of Mexico, 53, 80;

recumbent stone figure on summit of, 96;

contains forty high towers to hold effigies of lords of the Above, 107, 225.

Great Turtle at Quirigua, 234, 240.

Greece, use of checker-board design, 124;

primitive government of, 445;

Athenian culture, 454-459;

summary, 484;

Greek colonies in Egypt, 491;

the symbolic use of the column, 513;

summary and conclusions, 544.

Greek fret, evolution of, on the American continent, 121;

formed by upright and reversed tau, 121.

Griffis, W. E., 310.

Grote, 484, 485, 486, 491, 492, 527.

Guatemala, cult of Polaris, 44;

Cakchiquel Indians, 79, 171;

obsidian mirror as oracle, 82;

ancient capital of, divided into two and four parts, 85;

ancient civilization in, 89;

mushroom-shaped stone figures from, 114;

sculptured slabs resembling image in Inca fable, 153;

Nahuatl language spoken in, 155;

caste division associated with left hand, evidence that Nahuatl was spoken in, 165;

Nahuatl names of four provinces, 172;

stela with symbol of open hand, 184;

numerical divisions, social organization, symbolism, 226;

summary, in table of countries, 494.

Gubernatis, Angelo de, 318, 544.

Gudea, 357.

Guiana, symbolism, etc., compared with that of other ancient American civilizations, 224.

Guillemin, Amedée, 162, 163.

Habel, Dr., 154, 156.

Hagar, Stansbury, 480, 510.

Hakluyt, 140, 161.

Hale, Horatio, 196, 198.