Embarks for Greece, i. 86.
Reception of, by Alexius of Constantinople, i. 93.
Defeats the Turks in Phrygia, i. 108-111.
His barbarous treatment of the Turkish spies, i. 137.
His ambitious views, i. 147.
His defence of Antioch, i. 163.
Made prince of the city and territory, i. 186.
Visits Jerusalem, i. 269.
Surprised and captured in an expedition against the infidels, i. 275.
Regains his liberty, and at Antioch resists the aggressions of Alexius, i. 282.
Defeated at Charan, and escapes to Italy, i. 282, i. 283.
Arouses Europe against the infidels, i. 283, i. 284.
Embarks with a large army against the Emperor Alexius, i. 284.
Returns to Tarentum, where he dies, ib.
Letter from him and others detailing their victory over the infidels, iii. 360 (App.).
Bohemond, prince of Antioch and Tripoli, a descendant of the prince of Tarentum, treacherously taken prisoner by the Armenians, ii. 8.
His death, ii. 190.
——, count of Tripoli, enters into a treaty with Bibars, iii. 17.
Bibars’s insulting letter to, on the capture of Antioch, ib.
His city of Tripoli captured, iii. 69.
Boniface, marquis of Montferrat, elected commander of the fifth crusade, ii. 55.
Captures Constantinople, ii. 131.
Elected sovereign of Thessalonica, ii. 150.
Shares the spoils of the Greek empire, ii. 152.
Quarrels with Baldwin, ii. 159-161.
Invades Greece, ii. 162, ii. 163.
Is slain, ii. 173.
Bosnia conquered by Mahomet II., iii. 174.
Bosra, city of, i. 317.
Expedition against, i. 318.
Disastrous retreat from, i. 319.
Bourbons, Archambault de, death of, ii. 371.
Bordeaux, itinerary from, to Jerusalem, iii. 351 et seq.
Notices of, ib. and n.
Bouvines, battle of, ii. 210.
Brienne, John of, city of Damietta assigned to, ii. 251.
His speech against the invasion of Egypt, ii. 254.
Revisits Europe, ii. 264.
Called to the throne of Constantinople, ii. 288.
Death of, ii. 289.
Brittany, duke of, his bravery, ii. 408.
“Brothers of Mercy,” origin of the, iii. 303.
Bulgarians, notices of the, i. 62.
Oppose the progress of the Crusaders, i. 63 et seq.
Their victories over the Latins, ii. 166-171.
Burbotte, a fish of the Nile, ii. 418 n.
Burgundy, duke of, his death, i. 501.
Byzantium. See Constantinople.
C.
Cæsarea besieged and captured by Baldwin, king of Jerusalem, i. 277, i. 278 and n.
Capitulation of, i. 316.
Captured by the Egyptians, iii. 11.
Cairo, caliph of, treats the Christians as allies, i. 16.
Maintains relations with the Crusaders, i. 194.
His object, ib.
His propositions rejected, i. 195, i. 196.
Sultan of, carries on war against the sultan of Damascus, ii. 468, ii. 473.
Treaty of peace between, ii. 474.
See Egypt.
Caliphs, degeneracy of the, i. 12, i. 13.
Calixtus III., endeavours to stir up a crusade against the Turks, iii. 165, iii. 169.
Camlets, manufacture of, during the middle ages, iii. 328.
Candia capitulates to the Turks, iii. 235.
Cannon of enormous size used against Constantinople, iii. 148.
Cantacuzenes, emperor of Constantinople, iii. 123.
Capistran, John, preaches a crusade against the Turks, iii. 163.
Death of, iii. 167.
Carac, heroic defence of, i. 453.
Caraffa, Cardinal, commands a crusading fleet, iii. 183.
Cardinals first clothed in scarlet at the council of Lyons, ii. 343.
Carismia captured by Gengiskhan, ii. 320.
The warriors of, commit extensive ravages in Syria, ii. 325.
Defeat the Christian and Mussulman united forces, ii. 326.
Join the sultan of Egypt, and capture Jerusalem, ib.
Capture Damascus, ii. 332;
but rebelling against the sultan of Cairo, are defeated and dispersed, ib.
Carlowitz, treaty of, iii. 236.
Cassia brought from Asia, iii. 336.
Cassin, Mount, i. 21.
Cassius, his dispute with Dolabella, i. 117 n.
Cazan, the Mogul prince, conquests of, iii. 95.
Sends ambassadors to the pope, ib.
Death of, iii. 97.
Celestine III., Pope, instigates Christendom to undertake the fourth crusade, ii. 11.
—— IV., Pope, short reign of, ii. 296.
Cemetery for the pilgrims at Jerusalem, i. 10, i. 11.
Cenis, Mount, hospital of, i. 22.
Centius, prefect of Rome, pilgrimage of, i. 25.
Chages, a Mussulman sect, their fanatical devotion, iii. 79.
Chalcis captured by the Crusaders, i. 127.
Chalil elected sultan of Cairo, iii. 76.
Besieges Ptolemaïs, iii. 77.
Captures it, iii. 85;
and takes several other Christian cities, iii. 89.
Charan, Christians defeated at, i. 283.
Charlemagne, magnificent court of, i. 8.
His amicable relations with Aroun al Raschid, i. 9.
Promulgates religion by the sword, iii. 15 n.
Attempts to destroy the feudal system, iii. 275.
Portraiture of, iii. 358 (App.).
Charles IV., emperor of Germany, projects a fresh crusade, iii. 115.
—— V., his violence to the pope, iii. 216.
Policy of, iii. 219.
—— VIII., of Naples, engages in a crusade against the Turks, iii. 193.
Receives the crown of Naples, iii. 195.
His army disbanded, iii. 196.
——, count of Anjou, crowned by the pope as king of Sicily, iii. 21.
Defeats his rival Conraddin, iii. 31.
Lands at Tunis, iii. 46;
and takes the command of the Crusaders, iii. 48-52.
Charles-le-Bel, of France, iii. 102.
His death, iii. 103 and n.
Charters, use of, adopted, iii. 320.
Charts, geographical, imperfect state of, during the middle ages, iii. 335.
Châtelain de Coucy, chivalry of, i. 500 and n.
Chaver, vizier of Egypt, i. 387.
Resists the military preparations against Egypt, i. 390 et seq.
Chegger-Eddour, beauty and genius of, ii. 397.
Incites the Mamelukes to revolt, ii. 439.
Elected sultana of Egypt, ii. 445.
Marries Ezz-Eddin, and yields her regal authority, ii. 459.
Assassinates her husband, iii. 3.
Is sacrificed by her slaves, iii. 4.
Children, Jourdain’s letter on the crusade of, in 1212, iii. 441 (App.).
China conquered by Gengiskhan, ii. 319.
Chio captured by the Turks, iii. 232.
Chirkou, the emir, i. 387.
Invades Egypt, i. 389 et seq.
Death of, i. 397.
Chirkoùh, family of, ii. 3.
Chivalry, spirit of, in favour of the crusades, i. 55.
Origin and history of, iii. 294 et seq.
“Christ lives!” &c., the war-cry of the Christian soldiers, i. 281 and n.
Christendom, distracted state of, iii. 201, iii. 202, iii. 217.
Fears of, allayed by the victory of Lepanto over the Turks, iii. 226.
Improving position of, iii. 230, iii. 245.
Christian army at Jerusalem, pious fervour of the, i. 226, i. 227.
Enthusiasm and valour of, ii. 36, ii. 37.
—— religion, its tendency to soften the manners of the Eastern conquerors, i. 38.
Influence of, on the Crusaders, i. 56.
Christianity, power of the popes augmented by the progress of, i. 39.
On the sanguinary wars in support of, ii. 310; iii. 15 n.
Overthrown at Constantinople by the Turks, iii. 158.
Extended to China, iii. 304.
Its superiority over Mohammedanism, iii. 346, iii. 347.
Christians of the East respected by the northern barbarians, i. 3.
Persecuted by the Mussulmans, i. 7, i. 8, i. 16, i. 17, i. 19, i. 32, i. 33.
Defeat the Mussulmans, i. 15.
Favoured by the caliphs of Cairo, i. 16.
Driven from Jerusalem, i. 19.
Their rejoicings at the conquest of Jerusalem by the Crusaders, i. 236.
Quit Jerusalem on its capture by Saladin, i. 431.
Their great sufferings, i. 433, ii. 7.
War declared against, by the sultan of Egypt, and Palestine ravaged, ii. 11.
—— of the West, their early attention directed to the East, i. 3.
Excited to resistance by Archbishop Gerbert, i. 17.
Their various pilgrimages, i. 20 et seq.
Welcomed everywhere, i. 22.
Chronicle of Tours, extract from, iii. 359.
Chronicles, ancient, what is fabulous and what not, i. xxiii.
Of the middle ages, iii. 339-342.
“Chronicon Anglicanum,” by Ralph of Coggershall, iii. 395.
Churches, building of, during the period of the crusades, iii. 331.
Chütes, sect of the, iii. 413.
Cities abandoned by the infidels, i. 201.
Enfranchisement of, in Europe during the crusades, iii. 284-287.
Civilization weakens the spirit of fanaticism, i. xxi.
Increasing spread of, in Europe, iii. 229.
Progress of, during and after the crusades, iii. 251 et seq.
Clement IV. supports the second crusade undertaken by Louis IX., iii. 26, iii. 27.
Death of, iii. 36.
—— V., Pope, proclaims a crusade at the council of Vienna, iii. 97.
—— VII., his abortive attempts to arouse Christendom against the Turks, iii. 215, iii. 218.
Imprisoned by Charles V., iii. 216.
Clergy assume arms in the crusades, i. 55.
Oppose the levying of contributions to the second crusade of Louis IX., iii. 27.
Ascendancy and wealth of, during the age of the crusades, iii. 301, iii. 302 et seq.
Their influence in the administration of justice during the middle ages, iii. 315, iii. 316 and n.
Clermont, council at, held by Urban II., i. 44 et seq.
Cœur, Jacques, biographical notices of, iii. 184 and n.
Colonna, Mark Antony, his triumphal entry into Rome after the battle of Lepanto, iii. 227.
Comans defeat the Latins, ii. 166.
The barbarous hordes of, ii. 333.
Comet, alarm caused by the sight of one, iii. 166.
Commerce of the East, i. 11.
State of, and progress during the period of the crusades, iii. 326 et seq.
Comnena, Anna, the historian, and daughter of Alexius Comnenus of Constantinople, i. 41 n., i. 73, i. 75, i. 85, i. 88, i. 89, i. 147 et passim.
Comnenus, John, emperor of Constantinople, attacks Antioch, i. 312.
——, Manuel, his hypocritical policy, i. 347 et seq.
——, Michael-Angelus, gains the kingdom of Epirus, ii. 156.
Conon de Bethune, his speech in reply to the Emperor Alexius, ii. 84.
Conrad III., emperor of Germany, i. 337.
Determines on the second crusade, i. 338.
Leaves Germany at the head of the Crusaders, i. 346.
Arrives at Constantinople, i. 348.
Defeated by the Turks, i. 351, i. 352.
Returns to Constantinople, i. 353.
Arrives at Jerusalem, i. 363.
His heroism before Damascus, i. 366.
——, son of the marquis of Montferrat, and marquis of Tyre, engages in the holy war, i. 451.
Defends Tyre, and repulses Saladin, i. 452.
Fits out a fleet for the Holy Land, i. 457.
His pretensions to the throne of Jerusalem, i. 470.
Ill-treated by Richard I. of England, i. 491.
Insidiously enters into an alliance with Saladin, i. 493.
Assassination of, i. 494.
——, Bishop, leader of the German crusades, ii. 21, ii. 22.
Assassinated, ii. 34.
Conraddin disputes the crown of Sicily, iii. 22.
Is defeated and executed, iii. 31.
——, sultan of Damascus, death of, ii. 275.
Constantine the Great, the promoter of Christian zeal, i. 1.
——, the Armenian prince, i. 122.
Constantinople besieged by the Saracens, i. 5, i. 9.
Popular traditions of its future liberation by the Latins, i. 9.
Eleven of its emperors put to death, i. 35.
The emperor, Alexius Comnenus, seeks the assistance of the Latins, i. 44 and n.
The Crusaders arrive at, i. 67.
Excesses committed, i. 73.
Reception of the French leaders, i. 92-95.
State of, at the time of the second crusade, i. 347.
Isaac Angelus the emperor of, i. 445.
Contentions between the Greeks and the Latins, i. 446, ii. 114-125.
The emperor dethroned, ii. 62.
Description of, ii. 81.
Besieged by the Crusaders, ii. 82.
Captured, ii. 93.
Conflagration in, ii. 105, 106.
Mourzouffle dethroned, ii. 129.
Lascaris chosen emperor, ii. 130.
Captured and plundered by the Latins, ii. 131-133.
Destruction of its works of art, ii. 137-140.
Relics sought for, ii. 141-143.
Amount of plunder obtained, ii. 144, ii. 145.
Baldwin, count of Flanders, elected emperor, ii. 148.
Decline of the Latin empire in, ii. 288.
John of Brienne called to the throne of, ib.
Wrested from the Latins by the Greek troops of Michael Palæologus, iii. 10.
Insurrectionary spirit in, iii. 111, iii. 113, iii. 116, iii. 117.
Tottering state of, when menaced by the Turks, iii. 123 et seq.
Besieged by Mahomet II., iii. 145, iii. 148 et seq.
Sanguinary conflicts, iii. 154, iii. 155.
Capture of, iii. 156.
Destruction of the empire of, iii. 158.
The stores of ancient learning and philosophy brought from, iii. 338.
Constantinople, treaty between the Crusaders for dividing the city and empire of, iii. 431 (App.).
Statues of, destroyed by the Crusaders, as related by Nicetas Choniates, iii. 435 (App.).
Corfu surrenders to the Crusaders, ii. 77.
Fertility of, ii. 78.
Corsairs, a band of, join the Crusaders, i. 118.
—— Flemish, released from imprisonment, i. 188.
Cosroës, king of Persia, i. 3.
Coucy, Sieur de, death of, iii. 129.
Courçon, Cardinal de, preaches the sixth crusade, ii. 206, ii. 207.
Accusations against, ii. 208.
Death of, ii. 240.
Courtenay, Peter of, assassinated, ii. 288.
——, Robert of, his losses and death, ii. 288.
——, family of. See Josselin.
Courts of Justice established in Europe during the middle ages, iii. 317 et seq.
Coxon and Marash, or “mountain of the devil,” i. 126.
Creton, Reimbault, origin of the noble family of, i. 222 n.
Cross, the badge of the Crusaders, i. 52.
—— of Christ found at Jerusalem, i. 230.
Crusades, and Crusaders. Introduction to the history of the, i. xix.
No spectacle more imposing in the history of the middle age, ib.
Disasters of the, i. xx, i. xxi.
“A right regal history”, i. xxii.
On the justice of the, i. xxiii.
Causes of, ib.
Their effects, i. xxiv.
Their early history, from A.D. 300 to 1095, i. 1 et seq.
—— The First Crusade, a.d. 1095.—The numerous pilgrimages of the eleventh century the forerunner of the, i. 24-30.
Instigated by Peter the Hermit, i. 42 et seq.
Determined on, and the name first assumed, at the council of Clermont, i. 52.
Enthusiasm inspired thereby, i. 53 et seq.
Miracles and supernatural wonders alleged to be manifested, i. 57, i. 81.
Large armies collected, i. 61.
Their departure, ib.
Opposed by the Hungarians and Bulgarians, i. 63 et seq., i. 71, i. 72.
Progress of, i. 65.
The Crusaders assail Nissa, ib.
Their disastrous defeat, i. 66.
Enter Thrace, and reach Constantinople, i. 67.
Elect Gotschalk, a priest, as their general, i. 68.
Their progress, i. 69 et seq.
Rapacity and cruelties perpetrated by the, i. 70 et seq.
Signal defeats and general slaughter of, i. 72 et seq.
Fresh armies sent from various parts of Europe, and the names of their most distinguished leaders, i. 76-88.
Wage war against the Greeks, i. 90, i. 91.
Wretched situation of the remains of Peter’s army in Bithynia, i. 96.
Opposed by the Seljoucide Turks in Bithynia, i. 97.
Their various contests, i. 99 et seq.
Their arms and accoutrements, i. 99.
They besiege and capture Nice, i. 100-105.
They enter Phrygia, i. 106;
and defeat the Turks, i. 107-111.
Their sufferings in “burning Phrygia”, i. 113, i. 114.
They arrive at Antiochetta, i. 114.
Dissensions among the leaders, i. 116-118, i. 191.
They reach Mesopotamia, i. 121;
and are everywhere triumphant, i. 126.
Their sufferings in Mount Taurus, ib.
They enter Syria, and capture Antioch, i. 127.
Their sufferings, i. 133 et seq., i. 159-161.
Their vices and debaucheries, i. 136.
Their valorous deeds, i. 140-142.
The sultan of Persia sends an immense army against them, i. 158.
They are besieged, and exposed to famine and desertion, i. 159-164.
They march out of Antioch, and defeat the invading Saracens with great slaughter, i. 170-174.
Disputes among the leaders, i. 179 et seq.
Their conquests in Syria, i. 183-186.
Their departure for the Holy Land, i. 187, i. 188.
They besiege Archas, Tortosa &c., i. 189 et seq.
Their reliance on prodigies and visions, i. 191, i. 192.
Their march through Palestine, i. 196 et seq.
The immense losses sustained, i. 197.
Their enthusiasm on the first view of Jerusalem, i. 202.
Besiege the city, i. 205 et seq.;
and take it by storm, i. 221-225.
Godfrey de Bouillon elected king, i. 234.
Great victory over the Egyptian forces on the plain of Ascalon, i. 240-242.