INDEX

• Abert, John James, on Audubon's plans, ii, 3; his career and the rattlesnake episode, ii, 3, 77; "Abert's squirrel," ii, 4, 64, 155.
• Abolitionists (Les Amis des Noirs), activity in France, i, 43; their opposition to white planters and fomenting of rebellion in Santo Domingo, i, 49.
• Academy of Natural Sciences (Philadelphia), introduction of Audubon to, i, 328; foundation and work of, i, 333; notice of meeting of, i, 333; Waterton on rejection of Audubon by, ii, 87.
• Accipiter cooperi, i, 330.
• Adams, Rev. Charles Coffin, history of his manuscript on the Life of Audubon; his career and writings, i, 18; ii, 300.
• Adams, John Quincy, i, 396.
• Adelaide, Queen of England, patronage of, i, 391.
• Allston, Washington, i, 336.
• American Ornithologists' Union, number of species of American birds recognized by (in 1910), ii, 215; doubtful species in "Check-List" of, ii, 215.
• American Ornithology, story of the author, production and publication of, i, 202-219; original drawings for, i, 213; the engraver and publisher of, i, 213, 217; the Prospectus and character of, i, 217; the issue and patronage of, i, 217; death of the author of, i, 219; publication of the last volume of, i, 223; second American edition of, i, 223; diary of the author of, i, 224; Audubon's charge against the author of, i, 226; counter charge of Ord in defense of the author of, i, 227.
• American Philosophical Society, Audubon to Sully on his rejection by, i, 362; his later membership in, i, 363; Harlan on rejection of Abert by, ii, 3-4; 27.
• Anthus spraguei, Sprague's Titlark, ii, 253.
• Antonio de Sedella, Father, portrait of, i, 319, 321; Governor Claiborne on, i, 319.
• "Ark." See Flatboats.
• Arthur, Stanley Clisby, i, 314; on the bird-life of the St. Francisville region, i, 315; ii, 318; on Audubon and West Feliciana, i, 322-323; 338.
• "Articles of Association" of Audubon and Ferdinand Rozier, description and reproduction of original of, i, 146-148; ii, 344-349.
• Ashburton, Lord, Baron (Alexander) Baring, ii, 242.
• "Astur (Falco) Stanleii," i, 354, 417. See "Stanley Hawk."
• Athenæum (London), on Audubon, ii, 84-85, 140, 199-200; advertisement of The Birds of America, ii, 201.
• Aubinais, M., i, 55.
• Audibon (or Audubon?), Pierre, in the American Revolution, i, 24.
• Audubon, Anne, suit by, i, 28, 263.
• Audubon, Catherine Françoise. See Mme. Jean Louis Lissabé.
• Audubon, Claude, and his family, i, 27.
• Audubon, Dominica, suit by, i, 28, 263.
• Audubon, Jean, his command at Yorktown and checkered career, i, 24; his parentage and father's family, i, 26-28; birth and baptism, i, 27; beginning of life at sea and capture at Louisburg, i, 28; a prisoner in England, i, 28; enters French Merchant marine and begins his voyages to New Foundland, i, 29; enlists in French navy and appears at Nantes, i, 30; reënters merchant marine and begins voyages to Santo Domingo, i, 30; his ships and commands, i, 31; his marriage, i, 32; fight in Le Comte d'Artois and capture by the English, i, 32; prisoner in New York, and release, i, 32; joins the American Revolution and commands a ship at the siege of Yorktown, i, 34; later commands in the United States and fight with a British privateer, i, 34; residence in the West Indies, i, 36; travels in the United States and purchase of "Mill Grove," i, 36; joins the National Guard at Les Cayes, i, 37; epitome of Santo Domingo career, i, 37; engagement with Coirond Brothers with interests at Les Cayes and St. Louis, i, 38; rapid rise to wealth as planter, sugar refiner, and slave dealer, i, 39; light cast by his dealings in slaves, i, 39; ii, 330-335; his West Indian fortune and final settlement of estate, i, 40-41, 268; treatment of slaves and dependents, i, 41, 54; Santo Domingo experience compared with that of a contemporary planter at Jaquemel, i, 44-48; birth of his son at Les Cayes, i, 52; discovery of bill of his physician, i, 53; see also i, 54, and ii, 314-327; his son, Fougère, and daughter, Muguet, taken to France, i, 57; his reference to Audubon's mother, i, 59; designation of his children in his wills, i, 63, ii, 360-362; dual personality expressed by his son, i, 63; joins National Guard at Nantes, i, 74; possible refuge of his family during Revolution in France, i, 76; activities immediately before and during French Revolution, i, 77-82; Revolutionary offices, i, 78; report as Civil Commissioner, i, 78; mission to Pornic and Paimbœuf, i, 79; signature during Revolution, i, 79; mission to Les Sables d'Olonne, and letters to the Administration, i, 80; his reimbursement for services to the Republic, i, 81; operations as ensign commander, and encounter with the Brilliant, i, 82; his later commands and elevation to rank of lieutenant de vaisseau, i, 82; his financial losses in Santo Domingo, i, 82; indemnity from the French Government, i, 83; respective rank and service in the French merchant marine and navy, i, 83; his certificate of service, i, 83; retirement and pension, i, 83, 85; settlement and occupations at "La Gerbetière," i, 85; Santo Domingo interests described in power of attorney, i, 85; residences at Nantes, i, 86; see also i, 57, 58; his death, i, 87; his son's tribute, i, 87, 88; financial vicissitudes, i, 88; see also i, 85; habits, abilities and physical characteristics, i, 88; letter soliciting aid for his son, i, 100; interest in "Mill Grove" and the Prevost mortgage, i, 105; lease and inventory of the property, i, 105; portrait at age of forty-five (?), i, 106; mining project with Dacosta, i, 113; sale to Dacosta of a one-half interest in "Mill Grove," and its lead mine, i, 114; expectations for his son, i, 115; financial aid from Claude François Rozier, i, 115; correspondence with Dacosta, i, 116-123; instructions regarding his son's proposed marriage, i, 117; appeal in answer to Dacosta's complaints concerning his son, i, 118; instructions for settlement of claims against the Ross and Formon estates, i, 121-123; his uncanceled mortgage, i, 122; instructions concerning the farmhouse at "Mill Grove," i, 122; as grantor of powers of attorney, i, 131, 132-133, 153; see also i, 85-87; marriage of his daughter, i, 131; arranges a business partnership for his son, i, 132; his former country villa as it appears to-day, i, 135-145; division of the "Mill Grove" property and sale of his remaining interests, i, 149-150, 152-153; letters of his son, i, 159-161, 163; portrait at Couëron, i, 100; troubles with Dacosta and contest over his final accounts, i, 168; bequest of his property in usufruct to his wife, and testamentary designation of his children, i, 262; contest of relatives over wills, i, 263; unfounded statements of biographers of his son, i, 264; his claims against the Ross-Formon estates as a basis of fiction, i, 265; final settlement of his financial affairs, i, 268; his descendants in France and last of his name in America, i, 269, ii, 294.
• Audubon, Mme. Jean (Anne Moynet), her marriage and property at Paimbœuf, i, 32, 40, 57, 80; adoption of children by, i, 59; baptism of adopted son, i, 60-61; characterization of her son in wills, i, 62, 262-264; as grantor of powers of attorney, i, 131, 132-133, 153; legal troubles and impoverishment, i, 263; removal from "La Gerbetière," i, 263, 268; her death at "Les Tourterelles," i, 263; disposition of her estate, i, 266, 269; break in relations of her adopted son with his family in France, i, 266-269; attack upon her husband's estate and its final settlement, i, 263, 268; her testaments, ii, 363-368.
• Audubon, Jean Jacques Fougère (John James Audubon, see also Fougère and Jean Rabin), his masterpiece, i, 1; his greatest working period, i, 2; experience in Paris in 1828, i, 2; Cuvier's eulogy and patronage of the French Government, i, 3; rarity and cost of his publications, i, 4; personality and talents, i, 5; attacks upon his character, i, 6; his historical background and hitherto unwritten history, i, 7; his Americanism, i, 8; characteristics of his writings, i, 8-10; his Ornithological Biography, i, 9; drawings of birds and mammals, i, 10; influence on American ornithology, i, 10; honesty of purpose, i, 11; memories of him in London, i, 11; public monuments and other honors in America, i, 13; Societies and Clubs dedicated to his memory, i, 14; his bibliography, i, 15; attempt at autobiography, i, 16; first formal Life of, i, 17; true history of Buchanan's Life, i, 18-22; Mrs. Audubon's revision of Buchanan's Life, i, 22; Miss Maria R. Audubon's Life and Journals, i, 22; accepted account of his birth and early life in light of new discoveries, i, 22; parentage and early names; a creole of Santo Domingo, i, 52; his baptismal name, i, 53; discovery of the bill rendered by the physician who assisted at his birth, i, 53; feeble health and death of his mother, i, 56; birth of his sister, creole of Santo Domingo, i, 56; taken with his sister to France, i, 57; his foster mother and home at Nantes and Couëron, i, 57; his adoption and text of act, i, 59; suppression of his mother's name, i, 60; his baptism and text of act, i, 60; assumed name of "La Forest," i, 61; his signatures, i, 61, 63; his names appearing in wills, i, 62; his dual personality in a power of attorney, i, 64; first date given in his autobiography, i, 65; record in his Ohio River journal, i, 66; his later autobiographic sketch, i, 66-68; traditional date of birth, i, 68; myth concerning birth in Louisiana, i, 68-72; account given by the Rev. Gordon Bakewell, i, 69; influence of environment on character, i, 90; his limited schooling, i, 91-93; the spur his ambition needed, i, 91; experience in the French navy, i, 92; early passion for nature and for drawing, i, 93; as truant, i, 94; his father intervenes and takes him to Rochefort, i, 94; return to Couëron, i, 96; baptized in the Catholic Church, i, 96; first return to the United States, i, 98; illness at Morristown, i, 99; befriended by his father's American agent, i, 99; his father's letter and intentions in sending him to America, i, 100; his settlement at "Mill Grove" farm, and period of stay there, i, 101-103; begins his studies of American bird-life, i, 106; makes first "banding" experiment on young of a wild bird, i, 107; visit to "Fatland Ford," and choice of a wife, i, 110; his gayety and extravagance, i, 110; abstemious habits in youth as regards food and drink, i, 111; his account of himself, i, 111; his accomplishments described by a future brother-in-law, i, 111; opposition to his marriage, i, 116; Dacosta's grievances, i, 116-119; quarrels with Dacosta and returns to France, i, 123-125; voyage on the Hope, i, 126; life at Couëron and friendship with D'Orbigny, i, 127; receives with Ferdinand Rozier a power of attorney from his parents, i, 131; attends the marriage of his sister and signs the record, i, 131; his relations with his brother-in-law, i, 132; his partnership with Rozier and second letter of attorney, i, 132; returns, with Rozier, to the United States, i, 134; voyage of the Polly, and receipt of Captain Sammis, i, 134; experience with British privateers, i, 134; boyhood home at Couëron, i, 136-145; his description of "La Gerbetière," i, 136; his abortive attempt, with Rozier, to administer the "Mill Grove" mine and farm, i, 146-148; their "Articles of Association," i, 146-148; ii, 344-349; sale of remaining rights in "Mill Grove" to Dacosta and Company, i, 148-149; receives, with Rozier, new power of attorney, i, 153; enters business office of Benjamin Bakewell in New York, i, 153; his associates and correspondence with the elder Rozier, i, 153-166; letters to his father, i, 159-161, 163-164; his use of English and French, i, 155; ii, 372-374; plans a retail business with Rozier, i, 157-158, 160-162, 165; dispatch of live birds, and other objects of natural history to France, i, 158-159, 160, 162, 165-166; conflicting references to "Mill Grove" explained, i, 158-160, 162, 165-168; his drawings and preoccupation in New York, i, 170-172; works for Dr. Mitchell's collections in natural history, i, 171; term of service in the Bakewell office, i, 154-155, 171-172; his account of himself, i, 172; his early drawings, ideals and perseverance, i, 173-174, 178-183; study under David in Paris, i, 174-175, 176-178; cause of certain defects in his published work, i, 174; date of his Paris experience, i, 174-175, 177; encouragement from his father, i, 174; David's supposed influence on his style, i, 178; patronage of Edward Harris and history of the Harris-Jeanes collection of his early drawings, i, 179-183; his drawing methods, i, 183-185; his ambition, difficulties and defects, i, 184; purchases goods in New York, and with Rozier starts west, i, 186; Rozier's diary of their journey, i, 187-192; settles at Louisville, i, 192; venture in indigo and effect of the Embargo Act, i, 193; his marriage to Lucy Green Bakewell, and return to Louisville, i, 194; a later journey on the Ohio River, i, 195; occupations at Louisville, i, 196, 197-198; business with assignees of the Bakewell firm, i, 196; birth of his elder son, i, 198; his drawings of birds and plants, i, 198; his wife receives a portion of her father's estate, i, 198; meeting with Alexander Wilson, and the troubles which ensued, i, 207; stories of Audubon and of his rival compared, i, 220-225; charges and counter charges, i, 226; his merits and demerits, i, 227-232; his difficulties and pleasures as western trader, i, 232-236; moves with Rozier to Henderson, i, 236; again they move to Ste. Geneviève, i, 237-241; held up at Cash Creek, i, 238-240; experience at the Great Bend, i, 240; dissolution of his partnership with Rozier and return to Henderson, i, 241; after-relations with Rozier, i, 243; in troubled times, i, 246; befriended by Dr. Rankin, i, 248; birth of their younger son, i, 248; enters the commission business with a brother-in-law, i, 249; his visit to Ste. Geneviève, i, 249; reënters trade at Henderson and buys land, i, 250; town records of his purchases, i, 250, 252; his store and house of logs, i, 252; his popularity, i, 252; Henderson gossip and anecdotes, i, 253; his second partnership with Thomas W. Bakewell, i, 254; they lease land and build a steam grist-, and lumber-mill, i, 254; partnership of Thomas W. Pears, i, 254; the Henderson mill at a later day, i, 254; their mechanical difficulties, i, 254; lease of timber land and plunder of workmen, i, 255; bill of lumber rendered by J. J. Audubon & Co., i, 256; financial depression and failure of the mill, i, 257; quarrel over steamboat and encounter with Bowen, i, 257-259; legal history of the suit, i, 258; the opinion expressed to him by the judge, i, 259; goes to Louisville jail for debt, i, 260; declares himself a bankrupt and is released, i, 260; his walk to Louisville, i, 260; later account given to Bachman, i, 260; reflections on passing his old mill in 1820, i, 261; light on his enigma, i, 262-272; his designations in wills, i, 262-264; probable history of a fictitious "bequest," i, 264-266; his brother-in-law's letters, i, 266-269; attempt of relatives to break his father's will in France, and impoverishment of his step-mother, i, 263; his step-mother's death, i, 263; the last of his family in France, i, 269; his elder son's visit to Couëron, i, 269; his reference to "Audubon of La Rochelle," i, 270; his "Episodes" and methods of composition, i, 273-284; discrepancies and inaccuracies of some of his narratives, i, 273-274, 279-291; his account of meeting Nolte and Nolte's account of meeting him, i, 274-279; on horseback from Henderson to Philadelphia, i, 275; description of the famous earthquakes and the hurricane, i, 279-291; criticism of his account of Daniel Boone, i, 291; "Episode" of "The Prairie," i, 274, 282-284; answer to a criticism of, i, 284; his sketch of "The Eccentric Naturalist" and comment, i, 285-300; practical jokes, and cost to Zoölogy, i, 291; the "Scarlet-headed Swallow" and "Devil-Jack Diamond Fish," i, 291-293; his later relations with Rafinesque, i, 294; his Æneid, 1819-1824, i, 301-326; debt to his wife, i, 301; begins to work at portraiture at Shippingport, i, 303; removal to Cincinnati, i, 303; history of his engagement as taxidermist at the Western Museum, and friendship with Dr. Drake, i, 303-306; starts a drawing school and plans a journey through the West and South, i, 306; starts with Captain Cummings and Joseph R. Mason for New Orleans, i, 307; his Ohio and Mississippi Rivers journal, i, 307; experience at Natchez; boots and portraits, i, 308; loss and recovery of a portfolio, i, 309; stranded at New Orleans, i, 309; resorts to portraiture again, i, 311; his drawings of birds, i, 311; interview with Vanderlyn, i, 312; leaves New Orleans with Mason, i, 313; meeting with Mrs. Pirrie and engagement at "Oakley," i, 312; enchantments of the West Feliciana country and introduction to St. Francisville, i, 313-315; experience as tutor to "my lovely Miss Pirrie of Oakley," i, 315, 317-318; leaves abruptly and returns with Mason to New Orleans, i, 318; his industry and fruits, i, 318; joined by his family in New Orleans, i, 319; crisis in financial affairs and losses of drawings, i, 320; as teacher at Natchez and Washington, i, 321; parts with his pupil assistant, i, 321; his first lessons in the use of oil colors, i, 321; engagements of his wife at New Orleans, Natchez and St. Francisville, i, 322; his wife's "Beechwoods" school, i, 322; resolution to pursue his ornithological studies, i, 323; misadventure with Stein, i, 324; ill and adrift, i, 324; decides to visit Philadelphia to find a publisher for his drawings, i, 325; settles, with his elder son, at Shippingport, i, 325; experience in Philadelphia in 1824, i, 327-335; his exhibition at the Academy of Natural Sciences, i, 328; meeting with Bonaparte and Ord, i, 328; opposition encountered, i, 328-330; criticisms of Ord and Lawson, i, 329; his work for Bonaparte, i, 330; appreciation of Fairman and Harris, i, 331; assistance of Edward Harris and beginning of their friendship, i, 331, 333; early letter to Harris, i, 332; Thomas Sully, as friend and teacher, i, 334; visit to "Mill Grove," i, 335; reception in New York and assistance of Samuel Latham Mitchell, i, 336; election to membership in the Lyceum of Natural History, i, 338; acts as model for Vanderlyn's portrait of Andrew Jackson, i, 338; to Thomas Sully, i, 339; visit to Albany and Niagara Falls, i, 339; misadventure at Presque Isle, i, 340; the Meadville "Episode," i, 341-343; residence at Pittsburgh, i, 343; journey to Lakes Ontario and Champlain, where plans of his publication are matured, i, 343; stranded at Cincinnati, i, 344; returns to St. Francisville, and resorts to teaching, i, 346; sails with his drawings from New Orleans, i, 347; journal of the voyage of the Delos, i, 348-350; lands in Liverpool, i, 350; his credentials, i, 351; introduction to Lafayette, i, 351; customs duties, i, 350; Nolte's letter to the Rathbones, i, 352; aid of the "Queen Bee" of "Greenbank," i, 353; his "observatory nerves," i, 353; ornithological dedications, i, 354; exhibition of his drawings at the Royal Institution, i, 354; appearance and habits, i, 354; paintings as gifts, and the Turkey Cock seal, i, 355; painting methods, i, 355; opens a subscription book of The Birds of America at Manchester, i, 356; plan of the work, i, 356; his life of contrasts, i, 357; journey to Edinburgh, i, 357; invitation to merge his work, i, 357; meeting with Lizars, who agrees to engrave his first number, i, 358; first proof of the Turkey Cock received, i, 358; publication of the first ten plates in Edinburgh, i, 358; success of his Edinburgh exhibition, i, 359; impressions of Philarète-Chasles, i, 359; Cap's hint taken, i, 360; cast of his head made and his portrait painted, i, 361; response at banquet of the Royal Institution, i, 361; society's tax on his strength, i, 361; contributions to journals, i, 362; blackballed by an American Society, i, 362; proposed gift to the Royal Institution, i, 363; visit to "Dalmahoy," i, 363; friendship of Basil Hall, i, 364; characterization of Francis Jeffrey, i, 365; first meeting with Scott, and his record of the interview, i, 365; exhibits his drawings at Sir Walter's home, i, 366; Scott, on Audubon, i, 367; papers on the Wild Pigeon and the Rattlesnake, i, 368; his painting of "Pheasants attacked by a fox," i, 369; Sidney Smith, i, 369; to his wife, i, 369-373; first meeting with Kidd, i, 373; issues his Prospectus, i, 373; visit to Selby at "Twizel House," i, 374; with Thomas Bewick at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, i, 375; success in canvassing, i, 376; in London, i, 377-410, 413-418; his credentials for the metropolis, i, 376-380; abandonment of his work by Lizars and discovery of Robert Havell, Junior, i, 380-384; his Birds of America fly to London, i, 384; painting his way to liberty, i, 388; canvassing experiences, i, 388; efforts to secure the patronage of the King, i, 390, 392; the Queen becomes his patroness, i, 392; visit to Glasgow, i, 393; difficulties with his publishers, i, 393; timely aid from Sir Thomas Lawrence, i, 393-396; exhibition and sale of his paintings, i, 394; resolutions on snuff, i, 396; dislike of London, i, 397; his work and Selby's compared, i, 397; revision of his drawings, i, 398; calls by appointment upon an earl, i, 398; visits the great Universities, i, 399; solicitations of publishers and contributions to magazines, i, 399; friendship with Swainson, and original letters of their correspondence, i, 400-403; Swainson's review of his work, i, 403; visit at Tyttenhanger, i, 404; to Swainson, i, 405-407; request for further contributions to magazines refused, i, 407; visit to Paris with the Swainsons and Parker, i, 408-413; his picture of Cuvier at fifty-nine, i, 411; patronage of the Duke of Orleans, i, 411; exchange of works with Redouté, i, 412; with Cuvier at the Royal Academy, i, 412; Cuvier's report on his work, i, 413; correspondence with Swainson, i, 413-415; Bonaparte to, i, 416-419; first journey from England to America, i, 420-436; to his wife, i, 420; exhibition of drawings in New York, i, 421; painting at Camden and Great Egg Harbor, i, 421; Swainson to, i, 422; sojourn in the Great Pine Forest, i, 423, 425-426; to Victor Audubon, i, 424; "Episodes" and record of work, i, 425; visits his sons and joins his wife at "Beechgrove" (St. Francisville) in Louisiana, i, 427; to Harlan, i, 427-430; Swainson to, i, 430; occupations at "Beechgrove," i, 432; preparations to return, with Mrs. Audubon, to England, i, 432; to Havell, i, 433; proposition for a successor to the position held by his wife, i, 434; reception at Washington, and accessions of subscribers, i, 435; aid of Edward Everett, i, 435; his letterpress and its rivals, i, 437-451; membership in the Royal Society, i, 437; settlement in Edinburgh and publication of the Ornithological Biography, i, 437; engages William MacGillivray to assist him, i, 438; rival publications, i, 439, 442-445; issue of his first volume of letterpress, i, 439; Sir William Jardine to, i, 441; MacGillivray as his reviewer, i, 445; undertakes a Natural History Gallery of paintings with Kidd, i, 446; notices and final abandonment of the enterprise, i, 446; to London and Paris, i, 447; Edward Everett to, i, 448-451; financial difficulties overcome, i, 451; explorations in Florida and the South Atlantic, ii, 1-25; returns to America with his wife, and a taxidermist as assistant, ii, 1; to Kidd, ii, 1; his obituary in the London Literary Gazette, ii, 2; Abert and Featherstonhaugh announce his plans, ii, 3; promise of governmental aid at Washington, ii, 4; visits Charleston and meets John Bachman, ii, 5; sails from Charleston for Florida with two assistants, ii, 5; Bachman on, ii, 5; dedication to Bachman of a copy of his Birds, ii, 7; his Birds of America as gifts to others, ii, 7; his journey described in Featherstonhaugh's Journal, ii, 8-14; account of meeting with Bachman, ii, 9; hospitality of the Charlestonians, ii, 10; impressions of St. Augustine, ii, 12; methods of work, ii, 12; Harlan to his wife, ii, 14; misadventures at Bulowville, ii, 15-20; shooting birds at Live Oak Landing, ii, 16; narrow escape from the marshes, ii, 17-19; as a prophet on the future of eastern Florida, ii, 20; the ibis of Orange Grove Island, ii, 21; his plans delayed, ii, 22-24; journey from St. Augustine to Key West, ii, 24; return to Savannah and Charleston, ii, 25; eastern visit and explorations in the North Atlantic, ii, 26-66; settles again in Camden, ii, 26; an experiment in lithography, ii, 26; correspondence of Harlan, ii, 28; his welcome at Boston, ii, 29; to Edward Harris, ii, 29; journey to Maine coast and New Brunswick, ii, 30; winter and illness in Boston, ii, 31, 34-35; sends his son to England to take charge of his publications, and plans an expedition to Labrador, ii, 31; Bachman to, ii, 32; to Victor Audubon, ii, 33; drawing of the Golden Eagle, ii, 34; to his son, ii, 35-40; financial affairs, ii, 37-38, 65; on his portrait by Inman, ii, 39; his American subscribers, ii, 39-41; letters to Harris, ii, 40; organization of his proposed expedition, ii, 42-44; George Parkman to, ii, 43; sails in the Ripley for Labrador, ii, 44; journal of his experiences, ii, 44-50; at Bird Rock, ii, 45; discovers a new finch, ii, 45; scenes of work at Wapitagun, ii, 46-48; his efforts and accomplishments, ii, 48; return to Eastport and Boston, ii, 49; editorial comment, ii, 50; letter from Havell, ii, 51; Thomas L. McKenney on, ii, 52; arrested in Philadelphia, ii, 52; Washington Irving's aid in Washington, ii, 53; itinerary from Richmond, ii, 53; winter at Bachman's, ii, 54; letter to his son, ii, 55-62; on Ord and Waterton, ii, 55, 61; on his buzzard experiments, ii, 55; on Syme's portrait, ii, 57; his family alliance, ii, 58; on his American subscribers, ii, 59, 62; on Robert Havell, ii, 59; on growing old, ii, 60; on self-improvement, ii, 61; on Kidd, ii, 57, 62; Bachman, on his working habits, ii, 62; to Harris, ii, 64; echo of his early business troubles, ii, 64; his statement of the case, ii, 65; return to England, ii, 65; gratitude to Edward Harris, ii, 66; as target of critics and detractors, ii, 67-92; questionable essays, ii, 68; his reply to Sully, ii, 68-71; the rattlesnake controversy, ii, 71-80; charges of an editor, ii, 72; his original drawing and account of the rattlesnake, ii, 74-76; his errors and vindication, ii, 76-80; letter of Thomas Cooper, ii, 78; on the bend of the rattlesnake's fang, ii, 79; rediscovery of his discredited lily, ii, 80; on the buzzard's sense of smell, and present state of the controversy, ii, 81-84; his champions of the scientific and literary press, ii, 84; on his snake stories, ii, 85; his most persistent heckler, ii, 86-92; Waterton and Swainson, on the authorship of his Ornithological Biography, ii, 87; on the rivalries of contemporaries, ii, 93-124; to Swainson, ii, 95-97, 99-100, 101-103, 112; Swainson to, ii, 97-99, 103-108; his appeal to Swainson for assistance on his letterpress, ii, 94, 98, 102-103, 104-107; check in friendship and engagement of MacGillivray, ii, 108; resulting controversy over the authorship of the Ornithological Biography, ii, 87-88, 109; on the craze for describing new species, ii, 110; "Ornithophilus" on, ii, 111; Swainson as biographer of, ii, 113-115; his reference to Bonaparte resented, ii, 118; his letter to Bonaparte and their subsequent relations, ii, 119-121; comment on Gould, ii, 121-124; return to England in 1834, ii, 125; to Edward Harris, ii, 125; on his relations to William MacGillivray, ii, 125-128; MacGillivray to, ii, 126-128, 130-132, 134; his ornithological collection, ii, 129; completion of the second volume of his letterpress, ii, 132; to Harris, on the alligator and the American edition of his Ornithological Biography, ii, 132, 134; MacGillivray's contract with, ii, 134; MacGillivray's assistance and friendship, ii, 134-137; his acknowledgments and dedication to MacGillivray, ii, 137; to John Wilson, ii, 139; on the effects of overwork, ii, 140; letters to Harris, ii, 141-144; on Alexander Wilson, ii, 143; issue of his third volume of the Ornithological Biography, ii, 144; on his journey, ii, 144; third American tour, ii, 146; landing in New York, ii, 146; efforts to secure the Nuttall-Townsend collection of western birds, ii, 147-149, 153-154; thwarted in Philadelphia, ii, 149; in Boston and Salem, ii, 149-151; meets Brewer and Nuttall, ii, 150; friendship and recommendation of Daniel Webster, ii, 151; success of canvassing in New York, ii, 153; efforts to obtain the collections in Philadelphia renewed, ii, 153; rivalry of priority seekers, ii, 155; plans an expedition to Florida, and visits Washington for governmental aid, ii, 155; entertained at the White House, ii, 156; on Andrew Jackson, ii, 156; winter spent with Bachman, ii, 156; overland with Edward Harris and his younger son to New Orleans, ii, 157; experiences in the Gulf of Mexico and Texas, ii, 157-165; adventures with the Crusader, ii, 158-163; at Galveston Bay, ii, 163; visit to Houston, ii, 164; his party disbands at Charleston, ii, 165; his son's marriage, and return to England, ii, 166; to Thomas Brewer, ii, 168; extension of his Birds and revolt of British patrons, ii, 170, 174; to Harris on Townsend's second collection of western birds, ii, 170-173; eagerness to render his work as complete as possible, ii, 173; on extra plates and partial subscribers, ii, 174; to William Swainson, ii, 176; his day of greatest triumph, ii, 177; return to Edinburgh and completion of his letterpress, ii, 178-186; to his son, ii, 178-181; at work with MacGillivray, ii, 178-181; publication of the fourth volume of the Ornithological Biography, ii, 181; impairment of the health of his wife, ii, 181, 183, 186; their tour in the Scottish Highlands, ii, 182; to Edward Harris, ii, 184-186; completion of his labors in England, ii, 186; number of American species of birds recognized in 1839, ii, 186; valedictory to the "gentle reader," ii, 187; prepares to return with his family to America; directions to Havell, ii, 188-191; intimate history of the work of his engraver, with manual for collectors, ii, 191-199; the Athenæum on, ii, 199; Peabody on, ii, 200; on the original and existing numbers of copies of his Birds, ii, 201-203; on his own and Havell's copy of The Birds of America, ii, 203; original and present prices of his works, ii, 204; singular attest of J. P. Hall regarding, ii, 205; Audubon's account of the Rothschild incident, ii, 206-208; settles in New York, and immediately undertakes two new works, ii, 208; Bachman to, on a revised edition of The Birds of America, and the Quadrupeds, ii, 208; to Brewer on the Quadrupeds of North America, ii, 209; marriage of his elder son, ii, 210; Bachman, on his coöperation in the Quadrupeds, ii, 210; prospectus of the octavo edition of the Birds, ii, 211-212, 214; its composition and number of American species of birds recognized, ii, 214-215; to his family while canvassing in Baltimore, ii, 215-217; original account book of, ii, 217; extraordinary success of his Birds in "miniature", ii, 217; bereavements of his family, ii, 218; his friendship with a rising young naturalist, ii, 218; opening correspondence with Spencer Fullerton Baird, ii, 219-223; William Yarrell to, ii, 223-225; new birds from Baird, ii, 219, 225; their correspondence continued, ii, 226; letter to George Parkman, and the "Parkman Wren,", ii, 227-229; to W. O. Ayres on collecting quadrupeds, ii, 229; on the expenses of his publication, ii, 230; Baird on his first visit to his friend, ii, 230-232; consolation and advice to his pupil, ii, 232; purchase of land and house-building, ii, 234; "Minnie's Land" on the Hudson, ii, 235; his activities, ii, 235; Parke Godwin on Audubon and "Minnie's Land," in 1842, ii, 236-238; in 1845, ii, 238; his expedition to the Upper Missouri, ii, 239-258; correspondence with Baird, ii, 239-241; credentials from the Government, ii, 242; Daniel Webster's letter, ii, 242; his letter from President Tyler, ii, 243; Bachman on the Quadrupeds, ii, 243; canvassing tour to Canada, ii, 244; description of Canadian visit in letter to Benjamin Phillips, ii, 244-246; William Yarrell to, ii, 246; overtures to Baird to join his western expedition fail, ii, 248-250, 252; Edward Harris to, ii, 251; his party, ii, 252; rendezvous at Philadelphia and beginning of journey, ii, 252; ascent of the Missouri in the Magnet, ii, 252; his journal of their experiences, ii, 253; discovery of new birds, ii, 253; on George Catlin, ii, 254; at Fort Union, ii, 254-256; first experience with buffalo, ii, 254; forecast of its fate, ii, 255; in a wilderness that howls, ii, 256; his return, ii, 256; on a canal boat homeward bound, ii, 257; mistaken for a Dunker, ii, 258; portrait by his son, ii, 258; to Baird, ii, 258; completion of his Birds in octavo, and dedication to Baird, ii, 259; his final work on the Quadrupeds, ii, 261; on Pennant's marten, ii, 263; to Bachman on mischief makers, and letterpress of the Quadrupeds, ii, 264-267; his copper-plates of The Birds of America pass through fire in New York, ii, 267; as a spectator at the ruins, ii, 267; reply to Baird on the results of the fire, ii, 268; Bachman's visit in 1845, ii, 268; Bachman's complaints and ultimatum through Harris, ii, 269; Bachman on his Missouri River Journal, ii, 271; correspondence with Baird, ii, 272-273, 275-278, 279; recommendation of Baird, ii, 279; his son visits England to paint for the Quadrupeds, ii, 280; manuscript of the Quadrupeds of North America, ii, 283; illustrations and completion of plates of the Quadrupeds, ii, 285; Brewer on a visit to "Minnie's Land" in 1846, ii, 286-288; letter to Harris in 1847, ii, 287; Baird's note of last visit in 1847, ii, 288; Bachman on his visit of 1848, ii, 288; last days and death at "Minnie's Land", ii, 290; work of his sons, and his family in America, ii, 291-312; appropriation by the Government to procure copies of Audubon's works for presentation to foreign countries, ii, 293; manuscript notes and legends on original drawings of the Birds, ii, 305.
• Audubon, Mrs. John James, as editor of a Life of her husband, i, 18, 22; her girlhood home, i, 108; Audubon's account of their meeting and his debt to, i, 109; her father and uncle as protégés of Audubon, i, 125; Audubon on, i, 160; her marriage and journey West, i, 194; her children, i, 198, 247, 248; her realization in her father's estate, i, 198-200; her father and family, i, 199, 253-254; as spur and balance wheel, i, 301; at Cincinnati, i, 303, 306, 307, 320; the Western Museum incident, i, 304; at New Orleans, i, 320, 322; engagements at Natchez and St. Francisville, i, 322; her "Beechwoods" school, i, 322; Audubon to, i, 370-372, 420-421, 424, 428; at "Beechwoods," i, 431-435; accompanies her husband to England, i, 435-436; ii, 1; John Bachman to, ii, 5; Richard Harlan to, ii, 14; her activities and school at "Minnie's Land," ii, 299; breaking up of her home and the Life of her husband, ii, 300; to a relative on her family's affairs, ii, 301; to William R. Dorlan on her husband's autograph, ii, 302; her last years and death, ii, 302; a eulogy, ii, 303; disposal of the original drawings of The Birds of America, ii, 304; ascription of drawing to, ii, 306.
• Audubon, John Woodhouse, his birth, ii, 248, 323, 371; his father to, i, 373, 390; ii, 43, 44, 54, 56-57, 156; marriage to Bachman's daughter, ii, 166; journey to Texas, ii, 272; goes to England to paint for the Quadrupeds, ii, 273, 280; dedication to John Edward Gray, ii, 280; J. E. Gray to, ii, 281; part in painting the originals of the folio plates of the Quadrupeds of North America, ii, 285; his unfortunate California venture, ii, 289; his marriage to Caroline Hall, ii, 294; children and descendants, ii, 294; his house at "Minnie's Land," ii, 295, 311-312; his illness and death, ii, 295-296, 297; his project for reproducing the original folio of The Birds of America in America, checked by the War, ii, 296, 389-391; residual stock of the incomplete work, ii, 296; as his father's aid, ii, 297, 299; activities and characteristics as boy and man, ii, 297-299, 309-310; his Western Journal, ii, 299; death of his second wife, ii, 303.
• Audubon, Mrs. John Woodhouse (Maria Rebecca Bachman), her marriage, ii, 166; her death, ii, 218; her children, ii, 294.
• Audubon, Mrs. John Woodhouse (Caroline Hall), her marriage, children and descendants, ii, 294; her death, ii, 294.
• Audubon, Lucy, death of, i, 247.
• Audubon, Maria Rebecca, publication of Audubon's Autobiography by, i, 16; Audubon and his Journals by, i, 22, 28, 63, 106, 153, 270, 369.
• Audubon, Marie Rosa (Mme. de Vaugeon), i, 27; suit by, i, 28, 263.
• Audubon, Pierre, service in the French merchant marine, i, 26; his son, Jean, and his family, i, 27; at siege of Louisburg, i, 28.
• Audubon, Rosa (Mme. Gabriel Loyen du Puigaudeau, see Muguet), her birth, i, 56; taken to France, i, 57; act of adoption, i, 59; as godmother, i, 128; marriage contract and marriage of, i, 131; her home, children and death, i, 269.
• Audubon, Rosa, i, 247.
• Audubon, Victor Gifford, his birth, i, 198, 269, 325, 371, 396, 427; takes charge of his father's publications in England, ii, 31; his father to, ii, 33-40, 43-44, 55-62; in his father's defense, ii, 55, 88, 65, 81, 119, 178, 189; on the number of sets of The Birds of America issued, ii, 202; married to Mary Eliza Bachman, ii, 210; on "Minnie's Land," ii, 235; John Bachman to, ii, 261-263, 281-283; to Spencer F. Baird, ii, 278; Baird to, ii, 278; as amanuensis to Bachman, ii, 283, 291; to Bachman, ii, 289; success in canvassing, ii, 292; Bachman's recommendation, ii, 292; his issues of the Quadrupeds and Birds, ii, 293, 295; his second marriage and children, ii, 294; his house at "Minnie's Land," ii, 295, 311; his illness and death, ii, 395; death of his wife, ii, 303.
• Audubon, Mrs. Victor Gifford (Mary Eliza Bachman), her marriage, ii, 210; her death, ii, 218.
• Audubon Mrs. Victor Gifford, (Georgianna Richards Mallory), ii, 258; her marriage and children, ii, 294; her death, ii, 294.
• "Audubon of La Rochelle," i, 27, 270, 271.
• Audubon (Montgomery County, Pennsylvania), i, 102.
• Audubon and his Journals, i, 22.
• Audubon Association and Societies, history and aims of, i, 14.
• Audubonian Epoch and Period in American ornithology, i, 10.
• Aukland, Sir J. D., i, 377.
• Ayres, W. O., Audubon, on collecting quadrupeds, to, ii, 229-230, 277.
• Bachman, Rev. John, i, 291, 293; meeting and friendship with Audubon, ii, 5, 9; to Mrs. Audubon, ii, 5; Audubon's gift of his Birds of America to, ii, 7; as canvasser for Audubon, ii, 27; Audubon to, ii, 27; to Audubon, ii, 32-33, 51; buzzard experiments, ii, 55-56, 57, 59, 61; publication of his paper on the Turkey Buzzard, ii, 56; on Audubon's working habits, ii, 63-65; account of experiments on the sense of sight and smell in vultures, ii, 81-83; Audubon to, on the effects of overwork, ii, 140-141, 146; on conditions in the South, ii, 148; Audubon's winter with, ii, 156; marriage of daughter of, ii, 166; in London, ii, 178, 179, 184; to Audubon on his "Small Edition of Birds" and Quadrupeds, ii, 208-209; marriage of the daughter of, ii, 210; on his coöperation with Audubon in the Quadrupeds, ii, 210-211, 216, 220; to Audubon on the Quadrupeds, ii, 243-244, 258-259; on the Quadrupeds of North America, ii, 261-263, 269-272, 281-283; calls for help, ii, 262; Audubon to, on mischief-making of a "mutual friend," and the letterpress of the Quadrupeds, ii, 264-267; on Audubon in 1845, ii, 268; his ultimatum to Edward Harris as mediator, ii, 268-270; on Audubon's Missouri River Journal, ii, 271; difficulties of coöperation, ii, 273; domestic bereavement, ii, 274; his second marriage, ii, 281; working methods, ii, 281; facsimile letter, ii, 282; manuscript on the Quadrupeds, ii, 283; early life and career, ii, 284; on Alexander von Humboldt, ii, 284; on Audubon in 1848, ii, 288; completion of the text of the Quadrupeds, ii, 291; recommendation of Victor Audubon and statement of his part and interest in the work, ii, 292-293, 311.
• Bachman, Mrs. John (Harriet Martin), death of, ii, 274.
• Bachman, Mrs. John (Maria Martin), marriage of, ii, 281.
• Bachman, Maria Rebecca. See Mrs. John Woodhouse Audubon.
• Bachman, Mary Eliza. See Mrs. Victor Gifford Audubon.
• Baco, mayor of Nantes, proclamation of, i, 74.
• Baird, Spencer Fullerton, his friendship with Audubon, ii, 218-220; Audubon to, ii, 219-222, 232-233; discovers new birds, ii, 219, 221, 225; visits Audubon in New York, ii, 230; to Audubon, ii, 231-232, 235; correspondence with Audubon on the Missouri expedition, ii, 239-241, 248-250, 252, 259; dedication of Audubon to, ii, 259-260; Coues on, ii, 260; correspondence with Audubon on quadrupeds, ii, 263, 264, 272-273, 274-278; on Pennant's marten, ii, 263; first visit to Audubon, ii, 264; on fate of Audubon's copper-plates, ii, 267; his marriage and appointment in Dickinson College, ii, 276; on Victor Audubon's gift, ii, 278; on the curatorship of the Smithsonian Institution, ii, 279; his recommendations by Audubon, ii, 279; last letter and visit to Audubon, ii, 288.
• Bakewell, Benjamin, as protégé of young Audubon, i, 125; Audubon's engagement with, i, 153, 154-155, 171-172; his establishment, correspondents and clerks, i, 153-154; his residence and previous business career, i, 154; his New York business and correspondents, i, 155; dealings with Claude François Rozier, as told in Audubon's letters, i, 156-158, 161-163, 164-166; ruin of his trade by the Embargo Act, i, 172; his business dealings with Audubon and Rozier, i, 186, 193; emigration to America and establishment in New Haven, i, 201; Wilson at his glass works in Pittsburgh, i, 204.
• Bakewell, Eliza. See Mrs. Nicholas Augustus Berthoud.
• Bakewell, Rev. Gordon, on Audubon's birth, i, 69; Audubon's portrait of, i, 69.
• Bakewell, G. W., on William Bakewell, i, 99.
• Bakewell, John, i, 200.
• Bakewell, Joseph, i, 200.
• Bakewell, Lucy Green. See Mrs. John James Audubon.
• Bakewell, Robert, i, 200, 377.
• Bakewell, Thomas Woodhouse (of Crith, Derbyshire), i, 200.
• Bakewell, Thomas Woodhouse, i, 153; statement of accounts of Audubon & Rozier with his uncle's estate, i, 193; see also ii, 354-355; letter to Audubon & Rozier, i, 196; failure of his commission business with Audubon at New Orleans, i, 248; second partnership with Audubon, and history of their mill enterprise at Henderson, i, 254-255, 259; lease of land, i, 254; investment in mill, i, 255; withdrawal from business partnership, i, 256; subsequent successful career at Pittsburgh and Cincinnati, i, 259; his financial reverses, fortitude and death, i, 259.
• Bakewell, William, his purchase of "Fatland Ford" and settlement upon this estate, i, 99, 108; his daughter, Lucy Green, i, 108-110; his private accounts and aid to Audubon and Rozier, i, 125; sale of a portion of his farm in the interests of his daughter, i, 198; to Audubon and Rozier regarding the sale, i, 199; his family and history, i, 200; emigration to the United States and business at New Haven, i, 201; death of his first wife, i, 201; his second marriage, i, 201; his death, i, 201; death of his second wife, i, 201; financial assistance to son by, i, 255.
• Bakewell, William Gifford, record of a visit to "Mill Grove," i, 111-112, 427; ii, 252.
• Bakewell, Mrs. William Gifford, ii, 302.
• Banks, Sir Joseph, ii, 117.
• Barraband, Pierre Paul (1767-1809), his method of drawing birds, i, 184, 404.
• Bartram, Anne, i, 215.
• Bartram, John, and his Botanic Gardens, i, 215.
• Bartram, William, as mentor to Alexander Wilson, i, 212; Wilson, in letter to, i, 213; his hospitality, i, 214, 216; his niece, and the Botanic Gardens of his father, i, 215; on numbers of American birds, ii, 214.
• Bascanion. See Black snake.
• Bayou Sara, introduction of Audubon to, i, 309; life of Audubon at, i, 314-318; village and origin of name of, i, 314.
• Bazin, Eugène, translations by, i, 360.
• Beates, Frederick, purchase and sale of "Mill Grove" by, i, 169.
• Beer, William, i, 143, 155.
• Bell, John, ii, 252; dedication of Audubon to, ii, 253.
• Benedict, Jennett, Audubon's itinerant portrait of, i, 342.
• Benedict, Jesse, ii, 311.
• Berthoud, Mme., death of, i, 326.
• Berthoud, Nicholas Augustus, i, 197, 256, 303, 309; engagement of Victor G. Audubon with, i, 325; mother and family name of, i, 326, 427; ii, 27, 28, 33, 36, 37, 38, 130.
• Berthoud, Mrs. Nicholas Augustus, i, 326; ii, 303.
• Besant, Sir Walter, on London in 1837, i, 355, 395.
• Best, Robert, and the Western Museum, i, 303, 306.
• Bewick, Thomas, Audubon's visit to, i, 375; ii, 142.
• Bibliography, i, 15; ii, 401-456.
• Bien, J., and Company, ii, 396.
• "Bird of Washington" ("Aquila washingtonii"), Audubon's supposed discovery of, i, 241, 400, 406; ii, 185.
• Birds of America (folio), cost and rarity of, i, 4; defects in drawings of, i, 174, 184-185; destruction of drawings designed for, i, 179, 320-321; in embryo, i, 180-183; presentation copies of, i, 356; plans of publication, i, 343; first subscriber to, i, 353; first engraved plate of, i, 359; Lizars' part in engraving of, i, 359; issue of first number of, i, 362; first prospectus of, i, 373, see also ii, 386-388; title of, i, 381; the Havells in relation to, i, 380-385; rebirth of, in London, i, 384; the singular history of plate No. iii, i, 384; difficulties with colorists, i, 389; the Queen as patroness, i, 392; revision of drawings, i, 398; Swainson's review, i, 403; progress of, i, 405; Cuvier's report, i, 413; Bachman as canvasser for, ii, 27; Thomas H. Perkins' copy, ii, 29; Audubon's directions for dispatch of parts of, ii, 37; his financial accounts with, ii, 37; American subscribers, ii, 36-41; insurance of drawings for, ii, 40; editorial comment, ii, 41; revolt of patrons at extension of plan, ii, 170, 174; Audubon on extra plates and partial subscribers to, ii, 174; completion of, ii, 177; Audubon on residual stock of plates, ii, 188-190; uncolored plates of, ii, 190; on insurance of copper-plates of, ii, 191; intimate history of the engravers and plates, with manual for collectors, ii, 191-199; story told in artists' and engravers' captions or legends, ii, 196-198; dates, errors and editions in plates, ii, 196-198; original and present known numbers of complete sets, ii, 201; Audubon's and Havell's copies of, ii, 204; original and present prices, ii, 204; curious attest of J. P. Hall, ii, 205; original drawings for plates, ii, 304; manuscript records and legends on original drawings, ii, 305; story of fate of original copper-plates of, ii, 295, 306-309; final lists of subscribers, ii, 380-385; prospectus of 1828, ii, 386-388.
• Birds of America (in octavo), prospectus, ii, 208-212, 214; agents' original and present prices of, ii, 211; titles on original parts, ii, 213; beginning of publication, ii, 214; number of birds and doubtful species, ii, 214; Audubon as canvasser for, ii, 215-217; remarkable success of, ii, 217; account-book of Audubon in business of, ii, 217; William Yarrell on, ii, 223; "Parkman's Wren" in, ii, 228; expense of publication of, ii, 230.
• Birds of America (partial American issue in folio), ii, 296; residual stock of plates of, ii, 297; original prospectus of, ii, 389-391.
• Birds of Europe, ii, 122; anecdote of, ii, 123.
• Blackbird, Red-winged (Angelaius phœniceus), Ord's charge concerning Audubon's drawing of, i, 228.
• Black Cocks (Tetrao tetrix), original painting of, i, 363, 366.
• Black snake, "blue racer" (Bascanion constrictor), confused with rattlesnake, ii, 76.
• Blackwood's Magazine, John Wilson on Audubon and Kidd, i, 447; John Wilson on Audubon, ii, 139.
• Blanchard, Jean François, as attorney of Jean Audubon at Les Cayes, i, 85.
• Blue Jays (Cyanocitta cristata), painting of, i, 397.
• Bohn, Henry G., on Audubon's drawings, i, 357.
• Bonaparte, Charles Lucien, introduces Audubon at Philadelphia, i, 328; his career and work as an ornithologist, i, 329-331; his artist and engravers, i, 330; Audubon's contribution to his American Ornithology, i, 330; his account of the Wild Turkey, i, 331; characterization by a contemporary, i, 334; his subscription to The Birds of America, i, 380, 385; to Audubon, i, 416-419, 423; ii, 40, 49-50, 96, 98, 106, 107, 108, 110, 112, 118; Audubon to, ii, 119; his list of American birds, ii, 120; his comment on Audubon's work, ii, 120, 169; on publication of new species by, ii, 173, 176, 184, 214, 224.
• Bonnabel, Antonio, acquisition of lands from, by Bernard Marigny, i, 70.
• Boone, Daniel, Audubon's characterization of, criticized, i, 281.
• Bossals and Creoles in Santo Domingo, i, 42, 47.
• Boston Patriot, ii, 50.
• Bouffard, Catharine, designation of, in legal documents, i, 56; mother of Muguet (Rosa Audubon), i, 56; her appearance in France, i, 56; mother of Louise, i, 56.
• Bouffard, Louise, inquiry concerning, i, 56; her birth, i, 67, 130.
• Boulart (General), letter to Citizen Audubon, i, 80.
• Bowen, Samuel Adams, his steamboat at Henderson, i, 236; Audubon's encounter with, i, 257-259; suit against Audubon by, i, 258; conclusion of bench in action brought by, i, 259.
• Bradford, Mrs. J. L., i, 13.
• Bradford, Samuel F., as publisher of Wilson's American Ornithology, i, 217, 219.
• Bragdon, Sam L., i, 348.
• Braud, William, Audubon as teacher in family of, i, 318; Mrs. Audubon's engagement with family of, i, 322.
• Brewer, Thomas Mayo, ii, 8; Audubon on the rattlesnake, ii, 79, 150; Audubon to, ii, 152-153, 165-166, 168-169, 175, 209; on Audubon in 1846, ii, 286-288.
• Brewster, Sir David, i, 362; ii, 84.
• Brilliant, Jean Audubon's encounter with, i, 82.
• Broadnax, Henry P., judge in case of Samuel Adams Bowen and others vs. Audubon, i, 258; his decision in a case of assault, i, 259.
• Brown, Capt. Thomas, curious history of Illustrations of the American Ornithology by, i, 443-445; limited circulation, rarity and piratical character of the work, i, 443-445; his Illustrations of the Genera of Birds, i, 444; contemporary and later notices of his atlas, i, 444.
• Buchanan, Robert Williams, true story of his Life of Audubon, i, 18-22; his struggles, talents, idiosyncrasies and death, i, 19, 21, 22.
• Buckland, William, D.D., i, 377.
• Buffalo (New York), Audubon's visit to, in 1824, i, 340.
• Buffalo hunting on the Upper Missouri and Yellowstone in 1843, ii, 254-256.
• Bullen, George E., i, 400, 403.
• Bulow, John, welcome of Audubon and their adventures at his plantation, ii, 15-20.
• Bunting, Henslow's (Passerhebulus henslowi), i, 354.
• Burchell, William John, ii, 97, 105.
• Bureau, Louis, i, 143, 149; manuscript letters of, i, 154.
• Burns, Robert, relations of Alexander Wilson with, i, 208.
• Butler, Benjamin F., ii, 153.
• Butterflies, as food of birds, i, 358.
• Cabinet Cyclopædia, Swainson in, ii, 113.
• Caire, Louis P., to Lafayette, i, 352.
• Caledonian Mercury, Notice of Jameson's edition of Wilson and Bonaparte's Ornithology in, i, 442; notice of Jardine's edition in, i, 442-443, 446; Audubon to Kidd in, ii, 2; on the Wilson-Audubon obituary, ii, 3.
• Call, Richard Ellsworth, i, 287, 299.
• Camden (New Jersey), work of Audubon at, i, 421, 426; ii, 26-27, 30.
• Campbell, Sir Archibald, ii, 30.
• Cap, P. A., i, 360.
• Caporal, Le petit, date of original drawing of, i, 180.
• Carolina Paroquet (Conuropsis carolinensis), early drawing of, i, 180.
• Carrier, Jean Baptiste, mission and infamy of, i, 75; denounced by Julien, i, 76; reign of terror at Nantes under, i, 75; recall of, i, 76.
• Cass, Lewis, ii, 52.
• Catlin, George, ii, 254.
• Cayes (Les Cayes), delivery of slaves at, i, 31; Jean Audubon's business interests in, i, 39; its pre-revolutionary importance, i, 38; corruption of its name, i, 38; slave trade at, i, 39-41; first touched by the Revolution, i, 50; birth of Fougère (John James Audubon), and Muguet (Rosa Audubon), at, i, 52-53, 56; Jean Audubon's fortune and financial losses at, i, 82; final settlement of Jean Audubon's estate at, i, 268.
• Cedar-bird (Bombycilla cedrorum), habits of, i, 423.
• Central Committee (at Nantes), extract from register of, i, 134.
• Century of Birds, ii, 121.
• Cerberus, Jean Audubon's command of, and encounter in, i, 82.
• Chapelain, Doctor, as witness, i, 153.
• Charette, siege of Nantes under, i, 74; execution of, i, 76.
• Charles X, patronage of, i, 3-4, 27.
• Charleston, meeting of Audubon and Bachman at, ii, 5, 9; Audubon's tribute to hospitality of people at, ii, 10; bird-hunting at, ii, 10; return of Audubon's party, ii, 25; Bachman's services at, ii, 284.
• Chat, Yellow-breasted (Icteria virens), Audubon's original drawing of, i, 425.
• Chevalier, J. B., ii, 211, 216, 222, 226, 234.
• Children, John George, i, 377; his career and friendship with Audubon, i, 379-380, 420, 437; ii, 34, 56, 59, 199.
• Chouanerie, i, 27.
• Chuck-will's-widow (Antrostomus carolinensis), Audubon's early drawing of, i, 182.
• Cincinnati (Ohio), in 1810, i, 205; record of earthquakes at, i, 280; settlement of Audubon at, i, 303; Dr. Drake and the Western Museum, i, 303-306; early "Notice concerning," and activities of Dr. Drake, i, 304-306; organization of a college and medical school, i, 305; Audubon stranded at, i, 344.
• Cincinnati College, relations of Dr. Daniel Drake to, i, 304; foundation and first president of, i, 305.
• Clapp, Wellington, ii, 310.
• Clay, Henry, i, 307, 372, 378, 396.
• Clifford, John O., i, 290.
• Clinton, De Witt, i, 2, 218, 339.
• Cochereau, Matthew, painting of David's studio by, i, 177.
• Coirond Brothers, i, 33, 38.
• Coirond (Coyron), Mme., i, 86.
• Coit, Rev. Dr. Henry Augustus, ii, 43.
• Coit, Rev. Dr. Joseph, ii, 43.
• Coleman, William A., Audubon to, ii, 174.
• Colles, George W., on Audubon's account of the rattlesnake, ii, 76.
• Collett, Tobias, i, 103.
• Colnaghi and Company, i, 383.
• Colson, Augustus, i, 342.
• Columbus, incident on voyage of, i, 312.
• Combe, Andrew, i, 361.
• Cook, Capt. James, i, 377.
• Coolidge, Joseph, ii, 43, 50.
• Cooper, Thomas, and the climbing habits of the rattlesnake, ii, 53-54, 77-78; to Audubon, ii, 78.
• Coot, Audubon's early drawing of, i, 178.
• Couëron, discovery of documents at, i, 53; settlement of Jean Audubon at, i, 57, 83; condition in 1793, i, 80, 137; the D'Orbignys at, i, 127-128, 130; history and characteristics of, i, 136-140; present industry and population of, i, 137; record of visit to, in 1913, i, 138-140; grand calvaire at, i, 139; history of Audubon's boyhood home at, i, 140-145.
• Coues, Elliott, on Audubon, i, 110; on Alexander Wilson, i, 213; ii, 129.
• Count of Artois (Le Comte d'Artois), encounter of Jean Audubon, and his capture in, i, 32; armament and fate of, i, 33; bill of sale of, i, 33; unsettled claims concerning, i, 121, 265.
• Couper, William, bust of Audubon, by, i, 13.
• Cowles, Charles A., story of his rescue of a remnant of Audubon's copper-plates, ii, 307.
• Crane, Whooping (Grus americana), i, 227.
• Crosby, Fortunatus (Judge), court record under, i, 260.
• Crusader, Audubon's adventures in, ii, 157-163.
• Culbertson, Alexander, ii, 271.
• Cummings, Capt. James, i, 307; ii, 69, 258.
• Cushing, Caleb, ii, 241.
• Cuvier, Baron Georges, his eulogy on Audubon's Birds, i, 1; his patronage, i, 2; his death, i, 4; report at the Royal Academy of Sciences, i, 174, 412-413; Audubon's description of, i, 410-411; ii, 101, 142, 448.
• Cyclopædia, New American, Wilson's editorial work on, i, 216-217, 219.
• Dacosta, Francis, and the Prevost mortgage, i, 106; first appearance at "Mill Grove," and his interest in its mine, i, 113; early exploitation, i, 114; as Lieutenant Audubon's attorney and guardian of his son, i, 114; his purchase of a one-half interest, i, 114; his salary and grievances, i, 115; difficulties with young Audubon and with the mine, i, 115; correspondence of Lieutenant Audubon, i, 116-123; Lieutenant Audubon's appeal in answer to complaints, i, 118; instructions for settlement of claims, i, 121-123; rebellion of young Audubon, i, 123; his praise of Audubon's drawings, i, 124; succeeded by Audubon and Rozier, i, 132; called to account, i, 146; acquisition of the remaining Audubon and Rozier interests, i, 148-150; his "rôle of chicaner," i, 151, 158; his failure and disputed claim, i, 168; award of arbitrators in case, i, 168; reproduction of his contested accounts, ii, 355-358.
• "Dalmahoy," Audubon's visit to, i, 363.
• Darwin, Charles, i, 354, 399.
• Darwin, Erasmus, i, 200.
• David, Jacques Louis, i, 3, 174, 175, 176; his revolutionary ardor, patriotism and popularity, i, 174, 176; his exile and death, i, 174; his portrait of the mayor of Nantes, i, 174-176; his reception at Nantes, i, 175; his address to the Municipal Assembly, i, 175; his studios and pupils at the Louvre, i, 177; his works and influence, i, 177; influence on Audubon's style, i, 178.
• Davis, Isaac P., ii, 151; on Webster's copy of The Birds of America, ii, 152.
• Davy, Sir Humphry, i, 356, 377, 379.
• Deane, Ruthven, i, 246, 444, 448; ii, 14, 188; on copies of The Birds of America in America, ii, 203, 204, 211, 263, 293; on the copper-plates of The Birds of America, ii, 307-309.
• Debtors, terrors of, in England, i, 395.
• Declaration of Rights, voted by the National Assembly of France, and its effect upon Santo Domingo, i, 37, 49.
• De Genlis, Stephanie-Felicité, i, 163.
• De Kervegan, Daniel, popularity and portrait of, as mayor of Nantes, i, 175.
• De La Luzerne, his recommendation of Jean Audubon, i, 32, 34.
• Delos, Audubon's voyage on, i, 347-350; subsequent fate of, i, 348.
• De Marigny, Ecuyer Sieur, and his family, i, 69; true story of his family, and of "Fontainebleau," which has been erroneously attributed to him, i, 69; his summer house at Mandeville, i, 71.
• Derby, Earl of, ii, 146.
• De Vaugeon, Mme. Lejeune, i, 28; suit by, i, 262.
• De Vaugeon, Pierre, i, 27.
• De Wimpffen, Baron. See Francis Alexander Stanilaus.
• Dickinson College, Baird's appointment and position at, ii, 268, 276.
• Dodge, William E., ii, 307.
• D'Orbigny, Alcide Charles Victor, i, 128.
• D'Orbigny, Dr. Charles Marie, as friend of young Audubon, i, 120, 127-128; his family, i, 128; Audubon as godfather to son of, i, 128; financial troubles of, i, 128-130; Gabriel Loyen du Puigaudeau to, i, 129; as debtor to Lieutenant Audubon's estate, i, 129; inquiries concerning, i, 130; as witness, i, 153; Audubon's correspondence with, i, 160, 163, 171.
• D'Orbigny, Charles (the younger), i, 128.
• D'Orbigny, Gaston Edouard, birth and baptism of, i, 128.
• Dorlan, William R., ii, 302.
• Drake, Dr. Daniel, and Alexander Wilson, i, 305; record of earthquakes at Cincinnati by, i, 280; his engagement of Audubon as taxidermist, i, 303; his foundation of the Western Museum and Audubon's connection with it, i, 304-306; his varied activities, i, 304; his early "Notice concerning Cincinnati," i, 304; his organization of the Cincinnati College and medical school, i, 305; his troubles with rivals, i, 306; his appointment at the Transylvania University, i, 306.
• Duck, Labrador (Camptorhynchus labradorius), at Bradore Bay, ii, 48; extinction of, ii, 48, 152.
• Duck, "Velvet," White-winged Scoter (Oidemia deglandi), Audubon's early drawing of, i, 182; description of, i, 182.
• Duncan, William, i, 208; ii, 284.
• Dunkin, Judge, i, 260; ii, 64.
• Dupré (Tête-Carée), raid of Nantes by, i, 77.
• Du Puigaudeau, Gabriel Loyen, Audubon's power of attorney to, i, 64; to D'Orbigny, i, 128-130; to J. Cornet, i, 130; his marriage, i, 131; his family, occupation and residence, i, 132; to Audubon, i, 266-269.
• Du Puigaudeau, Mme. Gabriel Loyen. See Rosa Audubon.
• Du Puigaudeau, Gabriel Loyen (the Second), death of at "Les Tourterelles," i, 269.
• Eagle, "Brown." See "Bird of Washington."
• Eagle, Golden (Aquila chrysaëtos), Audubon's drawing of, ii, 35.
• Eagle, "Washington's." See "Bird of Washington."
• Eagle, White-headed (Haliæetus leucocephalus), Audubon's original drawing of, i, 310.
• Eagle and Lamb, original painting of, i, 394-396, 405, 406.
• Earthquakes in the Ohio and Mississippi Valleys, 1811-1813; casual and exact records of, i, 279.
• Eckley, David, dedication of copy of The Birds of America to, ii, 7; history of copy formerly owned by, ii, 7; ii, 150.
• Ecton Consolidated Mining Company, i, 169.
• Edinburgh, first visit and success of Audubon at, i, 357-373; beginning of The Birds of America at, i, 358; exhibition of Audubon's drawings at, i, 359; meeting with Sir Walter Scott at, i, 365; issue of Audubon's Prospectus at, i, 373.
• Edinburgh Literary Journal, notice of Brown's Illustrations of the American Ornithology in, i, 443.
• Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal, ii, 111.
• Edward (Ezekiel Edwards?), unsettled claim of Jean Audubon against, i, 121.
• Edwards, Bryan, on the products and wealth of French Santo Domingo, i, 30; on the Santo Domingo blacks, i, 43.
• Edwards, Ezekiel, i, 121.
• Eggleston, Thomas, i, 13.
• Elaps. See Coral snake.
• Embargo Act, of President Jefferson, effect of, on Audubon and Rozier, i, 193.
• "Episodes." See Ornithological Biography.
• Evans, Roland, acquisition of "Mill Grove" by, i, 105.
• Everett, Edward, patronage and aid of, i, 435; letters of, i, 436, 448-451; his efforts for the removal of import duties on The Birds of America, i, 448; his nomination of Audubon to fellowship in the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, i, 450; ii, 5, 23, 64;
• Falco Cooperii (Accipiter cooperi), i, 330, 417. See "Stanley Hawk."
• "Fatland Ford," William Bakewell's acquisition of, i, 98, 108, 201; mansion house and farm of, i, 108; Audubon's introduction to, i, 108; Generals Washington and Howe at, i, 108; marriage of Lucy Bakewell at, i, 194; realization of Mrs. Audubon in, i, 198.
• Faxon, Walter, i, 144.
• Featherstonhaugh, G. W., Rafinesque's reply to, i, 294; on Audubon's plans, ii, 4; Audubon's Florida letters to, ii, 8-14, 15-22; suspension of Journal of, ii, 23, 28, 84.
• Feliciana, West, characteristics of, i, 314-315; former prosperity of, i, 323.
• Finch, MacGillivray's, MacGillivray's Seaside Sparrow (Passerhebulus maritimus macgillivraii), i, 354.
• Fisher, Miers, as Jean Audubon's attorney and protégé of his son, i, 99; Jean Audubon to, i, 100; residence in Philadelphia, i, 106; and the Prevost mortgage, i, 106, 122; succeeded by Dacosta, i, 113-114, 120-122; as counselor of Audubon and Rozier, i, 148, 149, 160, 167; resumption of duties as agent and attorney by, i, 168.
• Fitzpatrick, T. J., i, 287, 292, 299.
• Flatboats, on the Ohio River in 1810, i, 234; convenience of, i, 234; cost of, at Pittsburgh, i, 235; time of passage of, from Pittsburgh to New Orleans, i, 235; floating trade of, i, 234.
• Flicker (Colaptes auratus), original painting of, i, 363.
• Florida, Audubon's explorations in, ii, 12-25; Audubon, on the future of the east coast of, ii, 20.
• Floyd, John, ii, 5.
• Flycatcher, Least (Empidonax minimus), discovery by the Baird brothers, in 1843, ii, 225.
• Flycatcher, "Selby's," i, 354.
• Flycatcher, "Small Green-crested," i, 425.
• Flycatcher, "Small-headed," curious history of, i, 218, 226-227; reference to, by Thomas Nuttall, i, 227; identifications of, by Cowes and Baird, i, 227; ii, 215.
• Flycatcher, Traill's (Empidonax trailli), i, 354.
• "Fontainebleau," myth and true story of, i, 69, 71.
• Formon de Boisclair, Jean Audubon's dealings with, and claims against, i, 33-34, 121, 265, 338. See Lacroix, Formon & Jacques.
• Fort Union, Audubon's experiences at, ii, 254-256.
• Fougère, i, 53, 57, 59, 61; ii, 328, 329. See Jean Jacques Fougère Audubon.
• Francis, C. S., and Company, ii, 203.
• Francis, David G., ii, 204.
• Franklin Journal, Audubon's article, and Jones' "Romance of the Rattlesnake" in, ii, 72.
• Fulton, Robert, first steamer on the Ohio River, built by, i, 236.
• Gallatin, Albert, i, 377; Audubon's interview with, i, 390.
• Galt, W. C., i, 197.
• Gannet Rock, Audubon's account of approach to, i, 9.
• Gannets (Sula bassana), i, 10.
• Gaston, William, aid rendered Audubon by, at Savannah, ii, 25, 59.
• General Assembly (Santo Domingo), new Constitution of, i, 49.
• Geoffrey Saint-Hilaire, i, 411.
• George IV, Gallatin on, i, 390.
• George Street (Edinburgh), Audubon's apartments in, i, 437.
• Gill, Theodore, i, 444; ii, 113.
• Girard, Stephen, his reputed interest in Dacosta's mining enterprises at "Mill Grove," i, 149.
• Godwin, Parke, on Audubon's drawing of quadrupeds, ii, 236; on a visit to Audubon at "Minnie's Land," ii, 236-238; on Audubon in 1845, ii, 238.
• Goodspeed, Charles E., i, 384, ii, 26, 190.
• Gordon, Mrs. Alexander, ii, 302.
• Gould, John, Bonaparte on, ii, 121; Audubon on, ii, 121; works of, ii, 121; charges against, ii, 122; anecdote of, ii, 123; financial success of publications of, ii, 124; 224-225.
• Gould, Mrs. John, Audubon on, ii, 121.
• Grackle, Boat-tailed (Megaquiscalus major), Audubon's drawing in Bonaparte's Ornithology, i, 330.
• Gray, Asa, ii, 81.
• Gray, John Edward, i, 354, 380, 444; dedication to, ii, 280; to J. W. Audubon, ii, 281.
• Gray's Ferry (now Philadelphia), settlement of Alexander Wilson as teacher at, i, 210, 211, 212, 216.
• Great Bend (of the Mississippi), Audubon's and Rozier's experience at, in 1810, i, 240.
• Great Egg Harbor, work of Audubon at, i, 421, 424; visit of Wilson and Ord, i, 422; drawings of Audubon, i, 425.
• Great Pine Forest (Mauch Chunk), sojourn and work of Audubon at, i, 423, 425-426.
• Great Russell Street (London), old print dealer of, i, 11-12, 377.
• Great Western, ii, 190.
• Grinnell, George Bird, ii, 283, 299, 309.
• Groundhog, Audubon's early drawing of, i, 181.
• Guépin, M. A., i, 73, 77.
• Günther, Albert, on Rafinesque's letters and character, i, 297; on Swainson and his correspondence, i, 400-403.
• Hackberry, in the Ohio River basin, i, 188.
• Haines, Reuben, visit of Audubon to "Mill Grove" with, i, 335, 339.
• Haiti, i, 38, 52.
• Hall, Capt. Basil, on the Leander, i, 364; as Audubon's friend, i, 365, 367; to John Murray, i, 378; return to England from the United States, i, 407.
• Hall, Harrison, publication of, i, 329; ii, 98.
• Hall, James, notorious review of, i, 329; ii, 98.
• Hall, J. Prescott, memorandum regarding The Birds of America, ii, 204.
• Hardin, John, ii, 295.
• Harlan, Richard, i, 328; on Ord, i, 328-329, 333, 334, 407, 439; ii, 9; on Abert, ii, 3; Audubon to, ii, 14; to Mrs. Audubon, ii, 14; to Audubon, ii, 28-29, 58.
• Harris, Edward, meeting with Audubon, i, 331; his friendships and career, i, 331, 333; early letters to Audubon, i, 332, 344; Audubon to, i, 448; ii, 26-27, 30, 31, 40-41, 64-66, 125, 132, 134, 141-144, 147-148, 149, 151, 155, 157, 165, 170-173, 175, 182, 184-186, 234, 287; memento to, ii, 49; to Audubon, ii, 251; dedication to, ii, 253; Bachman's ultimatum to, ii, 268-270; in rôle of mediator, ii, 270; Bachman to, ii, 291.
• Harrison, William Henry, i, 307.
• Harvard University, drawings and manuscripts at, i, 180, 307-308.
• Haskell, Rev. John, ii, 271, 283.
• Hatch, Capt. Joseph E., i, 347.
• Havell, Daniel, i, 382.
• Havell, George, i, 382.
• Havell Henry Augustus, i, 382; ii, 189, 190, 191-192.
• Havell, Robert, Senior, his family, i, 381-383; his shop in Newman Street, i, 382; partnership with his son, i, 383; their enterprise in undertaking The Birds of America, i, 384; his death, i, 384; their relationship as read in the legends of Audubon's plates, ii, 195-198.
• Havell, Robert, Junior, i, 12; Audubon's discovery of, i, 382; a family of artists, i, 382; partnership with his father and rebirth of The Birds of America in London, i, 384; his "Zoölogical Gallery," i, 384; advertisement of his business, i, 386; story of the Prothonotary Warbler, i, 383-384, 405; Swainson on, i, 414; Audubon to, i, 433; ii, 33, 34, 35, 38; to Audubon, ii, 51, 57, 58, 62, 174, 180, 186; Audubon on closing up his business, ii, 188-191; settlement in the United States, ii, 191-192; his work, characteristics and death, ii, 192; Audubon's memento to, ii, 192; his genius and mastery of aquatint, ii, 193-195; as Audubon's engraver, ii, 195; history of his engravings of Audubon's Birds, ii, 196-198; his copy of the work, ii, 203.
• Havell, Robert, & Son, i, 12.
• Havell, William, i, 383.
• Haverhill (New Hampshire), experience of Alexander Wilson at, i, 219.
• Hawk, Cooper's. See Falco Cooperii.
• Hawk, Great-footed, Duck Hawk (Falco peregrinus anatum), original drawing of, i, 311.
• Hawk, Harlan's (Buteo borealis harlani), i, 311.
• Hay, Robert William, i, 377, 379.
• Henderson (Kentucky), removal of Audubon and Rozier to, i, 236; settlement, early name and population of, i, 236; game and character of the country at, in 1810, i, 236; first Kentucky steamer built at, i, 236; Audubon's activities in 1810, i, 237; return of Audubon to, in 1811, i, 242; houses of Dr. Adam Rankin, i, 248; original plot of town, i, 250, 252; his purchase of land at, i, 250, 252; his log house and store, i, 252; town records, i, 252; record of earthquakes, i, 280; Rafinesque's visit, i, 285-287.
• Hendersonville. See Henderson.
• Henry, Joseph, ii, 279.
• Henshaw, Samuel, i, 308; ii, 197.
• Henslow, John Stevens, i, 354, 399.
• Heppenstall, John, i, 394.
• Herschel, Sir William, i, 377.
• "Highfield Hall," residence of William Swainson near Tyttenhanger Green, i, 403.
• Hirundo serripennis (Stelgidopteryx serripennis), ii, 186.
• Historical Society (New York), unpublished drawing in collections of, i, 228; original drawings of The Birds of America at, ii, 304-306.
• History of British Birds (MacGillivray), ii, 113, 114, 130, 135; (Yarrell), ii, 223; on his completion of, ii, 225.
• Holden, Edward, to George Ramsden, i, 351.
• Holland, Dr. Henry, i, 377.
• Hollander, Edward, i, 276.
• Hope, Audubon's voyage in, i, 125.
• Hopkins, Rev. John Henry, Audubon's acquaintance with, at Pittsburgh, i, 343.
• Hopkins, Samuel, i, 252; Audubon's purchase of land, i, 252.
• Hopkinson, John, i, 400.
• Houston, Sam, Audubon's visit to, ii, 163; his characterization of, ii, 164.
• Howe, General William, visit at "Fatland Ford," i, 108.
• Humboldt, Baron Alexander von, i, 356; and Bachman, ii, 284; Bachman's account of dinner to, ii, 284.
• Huntington, Archer M., ii, 310.
• Huron, Laurence, engagement of Ferdinand Rozier, with, i, 153; his business relations with the Bakewell firm and with Rozier, the elder, i, 156-157, 159-161, 165; his award in the settlement of the contested accounts of Francis Dacosta, i, 168; dealings of Audubon & Rozier, i, 186.
• Ingalls, William, Parkman's recommendation of, ii, 42.
• Indigo, history of Audubon's investment in, i, 193.
• Indians (Shawnee), feather hunting of, i, 238; incident at camp of, i, 239; (Osage), Audubon's experience with, i, 240.
• Irish, Jedediah, i, 425.
• Irving, Washington, ii, 53, 153.
• Jackson, Andrew, Audubon as model for portrait of, i, 338, 378, ii, 155; Audubon on, ii, 156.
• Jackson, Daydon, i, 400.
• Jameson, Robert, i, 357; edition of Wilson's and Bonaparte's Ornithology, i, 439, 442; ii, 84.
• Jaquemel (Santo Domingo), planter's experience at, i, 44-48.
• Jardine, Sir William, to Audubon, i, 440; edition of Wilson and Bonaparte's Ornithology, i, 442; ii, 102.
• Jay, Harriet, on Robert Buchanan, i, 21.
• Jeanes, Joseph Y., his collection of original Audubon drawings and manuscripts, i, 180, 181; ii, 50, 375-379.
• Jefferson, Thomas, Embargo Act of, i, 193; on the numbers of species of American birds, ii, 214.
• Jenner, Edward, announcement of discovery of vaccination, i, 55; account of behavior of young cuckoo (Cuculus canorus) discredited by Waterton, ii, 90.
• Johnson, John, ii, 203.
• Johnson, Samuel, on biography, i, 7.
• Johnson, William Garrett, Audubon at home of, i, 427, 432; engagement of Mrs. Audubon by, i, 431; authorization to fill position at home of, i, 434.
• Jordan, David Starr, i, 287, 291.
• Joue, i, 54.
• Julien (of Paris), heroic conduct of, i, 76.
• Juniata River, i, 274, 277.
• Keel boats, on the Ohio and Mississippi, i, 234; Audubon's journey by, in 1810, i, 238-241.
• Kidd, Dr. John, i, 399.
• Kidd, Joseph Bartholomew, i, 363, 373, 443; and the "Ornithological Gallery," i, 446; Audubon to, ii, 1; 35, 57, 61, 62.
• Kinder, Robert & Company, dealings of Audubon and Rozier with, i, 186, 197-199; ii, 355.
• King, Thomas Butler, ii, 11-12, 14.
• Kingfisher (Ceryle alcyon), Audubon's early drawing of, i, 180.
• Kirtland, Dr. Jared P., i, 291; "Note Book" of, i, 292.
• Kite, Mississippi (Ictinia mississippiensis), Ord's charge concerning, i, 228; similarity in one of Wilson's and Audubon's figures of, i, 228; misnaming of sex in, i, 229; Audubon's legends on original drawing of, i, 229; Wilson's and Audubon's first experience with, i, 229-230; 316.
• Knox, Dr. John, i, 358.
• Koster, Henry, ii, 117.
• Krudener, Baron, i, 436; ii, 38.
• Labrador, Audubon's experiences in, ii, 45-49; expense and results of expedition to, ii, 50.
• La Caille, i, 29.
• Lacroix, Formon de Boisclair & Jacques, Jean Audubon's claims against, i, 33; bills of slaves of, ii, 331-333; 338.
• La Dauphine, i, 31.
• Lafayette, Marquis de, Louis P. Caire to, i, 351.
• "La Gerbetière," i, 85, 96, 120, 126; as boyhood home of Audubon, i, 136-137, 144-145; Audubon's last visit to, i, 137; situation of, i, 136-138; in 1913, i, 138-143; Jean Audubon's restoration of, i, 143; description in old deed of, i, 144; changes of a century, i, 144.
• Lake Champlain, tour of Audubon to, in 1824, i, 343.
• Lake Ontario, tour of Audubon to, in 1824, i, 343.
• Lamarck, Jean Baptiste Antoine de Monet, i, 13.
• La Marianne, Jean Audubon as cabin boy in, i, 28; at Louisburg, i, 28; Jean Audubon as lieutenant of, i, 29.
• Landsdowne, Marquis of, i, 398.
• Landseer, Sir Edwin, criticism of painting by, i, 366.
• Lanman, Charles, proposal of, i, 17.
• L'Annette, Jean Audubon's command of and interest in, i, 34; concerning sale and settlement of claims in, i, 121, 265.
• La Rochelle, as port of Jean Audubon's ships, i, 29, 277. See "Audubon of."
• Laval, John, award in the settlement of Dacosta's disputed accounts, i, 168.
• Lavigne, L., i, 34, 46, 57, 83, 87, 116, 128, 144, 269.
• Lavigne, Mme. L., i, 269.
• Lawrence, Sir Thomas, i, 356, 377, 380, 393-394.
• Lawson, Alexander, Wilson to, i, 212; Wilson's debt to, as the engraver of his Ornithology, i, 213; the daughter of, i, 219; his statement regarding the mysterious flycatcher, i, 227; as Bonaparte's engraver, i, 330; report of his interview with Audubon, i, 330.
• Lawson, Malvinia, on Wilson's publisher, i, 219.
• Lea, Isaac, on Rafinesque, i, 297; ii, 4, 56, 95, 98, 422.
• Leach, William Elford, i, 353.
• Le Comte d'Artois. See Count of Artois.
• Le Conte, Joseph, i, 171.
• Lehman, George, ii, 2, 9, 12, 25.
• Le Marquis de Lévy, Jean Audubon's command of, i, 31.
• Le Printemps, i, 29.
• Le Propre, i, 30.
• Les Sables d'Olonne, Pierre Audubon's family at, i, 26; its hostility to the Revolution, i, 27; as home port of Jean Audubon's ships, i, 28; mission of Jean Audubon to, i, 80-81; 83.
• Leslie, Charles Robert, comment on the American Ornithology, i, 217.
• "Les Tourterelles," death of Mme. Audubon at, i, 263; death of Rosa Audubon at, i, 269.
• Le Sueur, Charles Alexandre, i, 294, 328; appearance of, i, 333; ii, 157.
• Letters in facsimile, "Audubon & Bakewell" to Rozier, i, 251; Audubon to Edward Harris, i, 332; Samuel Latham Mitchell to Dr. Barnes, i, 337; William Swainson to Audubon, i, 402; Charles Lucien Bonaparte to Audubon, i, 417; George Parkman to Audubon, ii, 43; Robert Havell to Audubon, ii, 51; William MacGillivray to Audubon, ii, 132; Edward Harris to Audubon, ii, 251; John Bachman to George Oates, ii, 282; Audubon to Edward Harris, ii, 287.
• L'Eveillé, Jean Audubon's command of, i, 82.
• Lincoln, Thomas, ii, 43; "Lincoln's Finch," ii, 45, 50.
• Linnæan Society, Audubon's election to, i, 397; manuscripts in possession of, i, 400.
• L'Instituteur, Jean Audubon's command of, i, 82.
• Lissabé, Mme. Jean Louis, suit by, i, 28, 263.
• Literary Gazette (London), on Brown's Illustrations, i, 444; announcement of publication of the Ornithological Biography, i, 444; Audubon's premature obituary in, ii, 2.
• Little and Brown, Messrs., ii, 230.
• Liverpool, arrival of Audubon at, in 1826, i, 350; his reception and friends at, i, 352-355; exhibition of Audubon's drawings at, i, 354.
• Livingston, Robert M., first steamer on the Ohio River, built by, i, 236.
• Lizars, Daniel, Audubon to, i, 385.
• Lizars, William Home, as Audubon's engraver, i, 358-359, 361, 375, 384, 442-443; his plates of The Birds of America, i, 195-199.
• Lockhart, John Gibson, i, 445.
• London Colney, residence of William Swainson at, i, 403; death of Mrs. Swainson at, i, 403.
• London, recollections of Audubon in, i, 11; site of Havell's engraving establishment in, i, 12; Audubon in, i, 377-419; his first impressions of, i, 377; rebirth of The Birds of America in, i, 384; his dislike of, i, 397; completion of his Birds in, ii, 177.
• Loon (Gavia immer), "Great Northern Diver," original drawing of, ii, 47.
• Loudon, John C., editorial enterprise of, i, 399.
• Louisburg, Jean Audubon made prisoner at, i, 28.
• Louisville (Kentucky), diary of a journey from Philadelphia to, in 1807, i, 187-192; establishment of Audubon & Rozier at, i, 192; prospects and hospitality of the people, i, 196-198; birth of Victor Gifford Audubon at, i, 198; arrival of Alexander Wilson at, i, 205; a meeting of rivals at, i, 220-226; in 1810, i, 233; Audubon's legal troubles at, i, 260.
• Lubbock, Sir John, baron Avebury, characteristics in youth of, i, 93.
• Lyceum of Natural History (New York), activities of in 1817, i, 171; introduction of Audubon to, i, 336.
• Macaulay, Thomas Babington, on Addison, i, 6.
• MacGillivray, John, ii, 298.
• MacGillivray, William, i, 12; ii, 108, 113-114; his assistance to Audubon, ii, 125-138; to Audubon, ii, 126-128, 130-132, 134; his methods of work, ii, 127-129; his History of British Birds, ii, 130, 135-136; his contract with Audubon, ii, 134; character and scholarship, ii, 134-136; his writings, ii, 135; Audubon's acknowledgments to, ii, 137; his copy of the Ornithological Biography, ii, 138; Audubon at work with, ii, 178-180, 181; Audubon's tour with, ii, 182; Audubon's memorandum of account with, ii, 188.
• MacLeay, William Sharp, ii, 94.
• Magpie (Pica rustica), Audubon's early drawing of, i, 178.
• Mallory, E., on Mrs. John James Audubon, ii, 303.
• Mallory, Eliza, ii, 283.
• Mallory, Georgianna Richards. See Mrs. Victor Gifford Audubon.
• Manchester, visit of Audubon at, in 1826, i, 356; Audubon's success in canvassing at, i, 376.
• Marigny, Bernard, his birth, i, 70; acquisition of "Fontainebleau," i, 70; his service in France and return to the United States, i, 71; act of the Government to establish his disputed claim to land, i, 71; origin of "Fontainebleau," and description of his property, i, 71; foundation of Mandeville, i, 71; friendship with Audubon, i, 72; his death, i, 72.
• Marigny myth, i, 68-71.
• Mark, Edward L., i, 308.
• Marten, Pennant's, Fisher (Mustela pennanti), Baird and Audubon on, ii, 263.
• Martin, Catharine, i, 27.
• Martin, Maria, ii, 6, 32, 61; Audubon to, ii, 65, 156; marriage of, ii, 281; dedication to, ii, 281, 283. See Mrs. John Bachman.
• Martin, Marie Anne, i, 26.
• Martin, Pierre, Jean Audubon as sailor under, i, 30.
• Mason, Joseph R., as Audubon's assistant in 1820-1822, i, 307, 312, 313-316; his return to Philadelphia, i, 321; ii, 69.
• Mauch Chunk. See Great Pine Forest.
• McKenney, Thomas L., on Audubon, ii, 52.
• McLane, Louis, ii, 5; Levi Woodbury to, ii, 23.
• Meadville (Pennsylvania), "Episode" of Audubon at, in 1824, i, 341-343; and itinerant portrait at, i, 342.
• Mease, Dr. William, i, 327.
• Merchant-traders, means of travel and hardships of, i, 234-236; their journeys by flatboat and horse to and from the West, i, 234-236.
• Mill of Audubon, Bakewell and Pears, at Henderson (Kentucky), history of the building, operation and failure of, i, 254-257; lease of land for, i, 254; description of relic of, in 1879 and 1883, i, 254; difficulties with operation of, i, 255; cost, conversion and destruction of, i, 255; reorganization for working of, i, 256; bill rendered for products of, i, 256; final failure and closure of, i, 257; Audubon's financial and legal troubles following failure of, i, 257-261.
• "Mill Grove," Jean Audubon's purchase, i, 37, 105; Audubon's arrival at, i, 99-101; tenant and rent of, i, 101; acquisition and preservation by the Wetherills, i, 102; situation and characteristics, i, 102; old conveyances and designation, i, 103; first miller and builder, i, 104; mills and farm house at, i, 104; the Prevost mortgage, i, 105, 122; Jean Audubon's lease and inventory, i, 105; stay of Audubon at, i, 106; Jean Audubon's portrait at, i, 106; bird studies at, i, 106; discovery of lead and arrival of Dacosta, i, 113; Dacosta's one-half interest and exploitation of mine, i, 114; analysis of his lead ore, i, 114; Claude François Rozier's interest, i, 115; the Audubon, Dacosta, Rozier partnership and its difficulties, i, 115; instructions concerning farmhouse at, i, 118; Audubon and Rozier as agents for conduct and sale of, i, 132; Audubon's and Rozier's duties at, i, 146; status of house in their "Articles," i, 147; story of later mining enterprises at, i, 148-150, 152-153, 167-170; consideration for sale of remaining Audubon and Rozier interests to Dacosta and Company, i, 149; division of the property, and sale of the Audubon and Rozier rights, i, 150, 152-153; Audubon's conflicting references to sale of, i, 158, 159-160, 162, 165-168; difficulties over conditional sale of, i, 168; unraveling the tangle, i, 169; Dacosta's contested accounts, and award in their settlement, i, 168; sequel to story of mine at, i, 169; products of mine at, i, 199.
• Milestown (Pennsylvania), Alexander Wilson, as teacher at, i, 212.
• Miller, Sarah, Wilson to, i, 206.
• "Minnie's Land," purchase of estate of, ii, 234; building of house at, ii, 234; Audubon at, ii, 236-238; Audubon's account of, ii, 245-246; houses of Audubon's sons at, ii, 294-295, 311-312; the "Cave" at, ii, 295, 312; departure of Mrs. John James Audubon from, ii, 300; building activities and changes at, ii, 309; present condition of original houses at, ii, 309-311; early representations of Audubon's house at, ii, 311.
• Miquelon Island, voyage of Jean Audubon to, i, 29.
• Mississippi River, Audubon's cruise on in 1820, i, 307.
• Missouri River, Audubon's experiences and discoveries on, in 1843, ii, 252-256.
• Mitchell, Doctor Samuel Latham, his friendship with Audubon, i, 171; his repute and activities, i, 171; as friend of Rafinesque, i, 290; his introduction of Audubon and letter to Dr. Barnes, i, 336.
• Mocquard, Françoise, i, 55, 86.
• Morris, George Spencer, i, 331.
• Morris, Samuel C., purchase of "Mill Grove" by, i, 105.
• Morristown (New Jersey), stay of Audubon at, i, 99.
• Morse, Samuel Finley Breese, as Audubon's guest, ii, 311.
• Morton, Countess of, as patron and pupil of Audubon, i, 365.
• Morton, Earl of, record of a visit to the home of, i, 363.
• Morton, Samuel George, ii, 154, 171, 172.
• Moynet (Moynette, Moinet), Anne. See Mme. Jean Audubon.
• Muguet, i, 56, 57, 59, 61. See Mme. Gabriel Loyen du Puigaudeau.
• Mulattoes, numbers and plight of, in Santo Domingo, i, 43; as slave holders, i, 44; revolt under Ogé, i, 50; first clash with whites at Les Cayes, i, 50; union with the blacks and beginning of general revolt, i, 51.
• Murray, John, i, 377; Basil Hall to, i, 378.
• Nantes, Jean Audubon at, i, 30-32; his places of residence, i, 36, 57-58, 86-87; in the Revolution, i, 59, 73-74; Committee of Public Safety and National Guard of, i, 74; attack and siege of, i, 74; acceptance of republican constitution by, i, 75; reign of terror under Carrier at, i, 75; fate of Vendeans at, i, 75; savior of, i, 76; victims of Carrier and the plague at, i, 75; execution of Charette at, i, 76; raided by "Tête-Carée," i, 77; restoration of peace at, i, 77; revolutionary records of, i, 78; Jean Audubon's activities, i, 78-82; his death at, i, 87; his appreciation by, i, 83.
• Natchez (Mississippi), visit of Audubon, i, 308; loss of his portfolio at, i, 309; as teacher at, i, 321; his first lessons in oils, i, 321; engagement of Mrs. Audubon, i, 322; illness of Audubon, i, 324.
• National Assembly of Paris, Declaration of Rights, of, i, 49; vacillating policies of, i, 51.
• National Gazette, on Audubon, ii, 41-42, 50-51.
• Natural History of Deeside and Braemar, ii, 136.
• Neuwied, Maximillian, ii, 255.
• Newark (New Jersey), Alexander Wilson at, i, 210.
• New Castle (Delaware), landing of Alexander Wilson at, i, 209.
• New Haven (Connecticut), establishment of William and Benjamin Bakewell at, i, 201.
• Newman Street, Havell's shop in, i, 12.
• New Orleans (Louisiana), memorial to Audubon at, i, 13; Alexander Wilson at, i, 207; Audubon at, i, 306-310; his struggles to gain a footing at, i, 310-312; as teacher at, i, 318; settlement and financial difficulties at, i, 319; engagement of Mrs. Audubon at, i, 322; Audubon embarks for Liverpool at, i, 347; his observations at, i, 348.
• Newton, Alfred, i, 444; ii, 223.
• New York (New York), memorials to Audubon at, i, 13; Jean Audubon a prisoner at, i, 32; his release, i, 32, 34; disbanding of the British army at, i, 35; Audubon's introduction to, i, 99; pestilence at, i, 99, 135; Audubon's original drawings at, i, 228; Vanderlyn's portrait of Andrew Jackson in City Hall of, i, 338; Audubon's description of landing at, in 1836, ii, 146; his success in canvassing at, ii, 153; his old residence and estate, ii, 234-236, 310-312.
• New York Herald, account of "Mill Grove" mine in, i, 114.
• Niagara Falls (New York), Alexander Wilson at, i, 216; Audubon at, i, 340; ii, 167.
• Nighthawk (Chordeiles virginianus), Audubon's early drawing of, i, 180.
• Nolte, Vincent, on Audubon in 1811, i, 277; his journey from Pittsburgh to Lexington, i, 276-279; 352.
• Northumberland, Duke of, i, 377.
• Nuttall, Thomas, collection of western birds of, ii, 147, 149, 153-154, 156; meeting with Audubon, ii, 150; career and writings, ii, 150.
• Nymphæa. See Water-lily.
• "Oakley," plantation and house of, i, 313-315; Audubon's pupil and his life as tutor at, i, 315-318; his drawings at, i, 316; ii, 74.
• Oates, George, ii, 211, 218.
• Ogé, James, rebellion and death of, i, 50; its effect upon the Santo Domingan whites, i, 50.
• Ohio River, Audubon's description of journey on, i, 195; Wilson's journey in 1810, i, 205; traffic of the "ark" and keel boat, in 1810, i, 234-236; first steamer, and steam traffic on, i, 236; Audubon's experience at the mouth of, i, 238; breaking up of the ice in, i, 241; Rafinesque on fishes of, i, 292; Audubon's descent of, in 1820, i, 307.
• Ord, George, on Alexander Wilson, i, 211; as Wilson's editor and biographer, i, 217, 223-225; his octavo edition of Wilson, i, 223; defense of Wilson and charge against Audubon, i, 226-228; 230; basis of his attack on Audubon, i, 227, 231-232; his opposition to Audubon, i, 328-329; 333, 339, 422; ii, 4, 27, 55, 61, 72, 80, 83; as Waterton's correspondent, ii, 87-88, 91; 98, 284.
• Orleans, Duke of, as Audubon's patron, i, 3, 411-412.
• Ornithological Biography, description of Bird Rock in, i, 9; story of the Pewee, i, 99, 106-107; on the Velvet Duck, i, 182; journey down the Ohio River, i, 195; Alexander Wilson's visit to Louisville, i, 220-223; Wilson on the Whooping Crane, i, 227; discrepancies in "Episodes" in, i, 273; "Louisville in Kentucky," i, 274; "The Prairie," i, 274, 282-284; "A Wild Horse," i, 274-276; "The Eccentric Naturalist," i, 274, 285-300; "The Earthquake," i, 279; "The Hurricane," i, 280; "The Regulators," i, 281; "Colonel Boone," i, 281; Natchez, i, 308; on The Birds of America, i, 343; publication of, i, 438; MacGillivray's assistance in, i, 438; rivals of, i, 438-439; 442-445; American copyright of, i, 439; publisher's announcement, i, 444-445, 448; the Athenæum on, ii, 84-85, 140, 142; W. B. O. Peabody on, ii, 85; Featherstonhaugh on, ii, 85; on the authorship of, ii, 87-89, 102-103, 103-109; on new species in, ii, 109-111; "Ornithophilus" on, ii, 111, 112; Swainson on, ii, 113; and MacGillivray, ii, 125-138; Audubon on American Edition of, ii, 134, 141; MacGillivray's copy of, ii, 138; John Wilson on, ii, 139; third volume of, ii, 144, 178-180; fourth volume of, ii, 181; completion of, ii, 186; valedictory to reader, ii, 187; memorandum of accounts with MacGillivray for assistance in, ii, 188; Audubon on residual stock of, ii, 189.
• Ornithological Gallery, plan and abandonment of, by Audubon and Kidd, i, 446.
• Orr, Charles, correspondence of Alexander Wilson, with, i, 210-212.
• Osprey, Fish Hawk (Pandion haliaëtus), early drawing by Audubon, i, 182.
• Otter, original painting and exhibition of, i, 394.
• Oven-bird (Seiurus aurocapillus), "Golden-crowned Thrush," Audubon's original drawing of, i, 425.
• Owen, David Dale, i, 294.
• Owen, Sir Richard, i, 354.
• Owensboro (Kentucky), i, 236.
• Oxford Street (London), i, 11.
• Page, Benjamin, i, 256.
• Paimbœuf, i, 32, 80, 137.
• Palmer, Sarah White, i, 124.
• Palmer, Theodore Sherman, ii, 293.
• Pamar, R., i, 318, 348.
• Paris, in 1828, i, 2; Audubon at, i, 74, 408-413, 448; his reception and patronage at, i, 410-413.
• Parkman, Dr. George, ii, 29, 35, 36; to Audubon, ii, 42-43, 57, 59, 134, 141; Audubon to, ii, 227.
• Patterson, W. D., i, 231; ii, 352.
• Peabody, W. B. O., i, 231; ii, 200.
• Peale, Rembrandt, i, 328.
• Peale, Robert, i, 328.
• Peale, Titian R., his drawings of birds, i, 330.
• Pears, Thomas W., i, 124; as partner of Audubon and Bakewell, i, 254; his withdrawal, i, 255, 426.
• Peel, Sir Robert, i, 377.
• Penal laws, in England, i, 395.
• Penn, John, i, 105.
• Penn, William, land purchase by, i, 103.
• Percy, Capt. Robert, Mrs. Audubon's school at plantation of, i, 322; Audubon at plantation of, i, 324.
• Perkins, Thomas H., ii, 28, 29, 39, 150.
• Perkioming Consolidated Mining Company, i, 169.
• Perkioming Creek, i, 103-104, 106.
• Perrytown (Sutton, New Hampshire), i, 284.
• Pewee, Phœbe (Sayornis phœbe), Audubon on, i, 99; his first study of, i, 106; original drawing of, i, 180.
• Pewee, Wood (Myiochanes virens), Audubon's original drawing of, i, 180, 425.
• Philadelphia (Pennsylvania), reception of Audubon at, i, 327-335; a meeting of the Academy of Natural Sciences at, i, 333; ii, 154.
• Philarète-Chasles, impressions of Audubon's exhibition at Edinburgh, i, 359.
• Phillips, Dr. Benjamin, ii, 144-145, 223-224; Audubon to, ii, 244-246.
• Phœbe, Say's (Sayornis sayus), i, 330.
• Picus auduboni, ii, 113.
• Pigeon, Passenger (Ectopistes migratorius), Audubon's original painting of, i, 363; Audubon on, i, 368.
• Pirrie, Eliza, as Audubon's pupil, and her romantic history, i, 315, 317-318.
• Pirrie, James, i, 315; Audubon's drawings made at plantation of, i, 316.
• Pirrie, Mrs. James, engagement of Audubon by, i, 313; her home and family, i, 313-318.
• Pitois, M., i, 432.
• Pittsburgh (Pennsylvania), record of journey from Philadelphia to, in 1807, i, 187-191; characterization, growth and population of, i, 191; Wilson's description of, in 1810, i, 204; 343, 344.
• Plaisance, Samuel, i, 123, 265.
• Planters (Santo Domingo), their prosperity and grievances, i, 42-44; their morality and vicissitudes, i, 44-46; their revolt, i, 49-51.
• Polly, Audubon's and Rozier's voyage on, i, 134-135, 187.
• Pope, John, i, 237.
• Pornic, mission of Citizen Audubon to, i, 79.
• Porter, Dr. Edmund, to Dr. Thomas Miner, i, 333.
• Posey, Fayette, i, 258.
• Presque Isle, i, 340.
• Priestley, Joseph, i, 154, 200-201.
• Prospectus, of American Ornithology (Wilson), i, 217; of The Birds of America, i, 373; of first octavo edition, ii, 211-214; reproduction of (for 1828) for original folio, ii, 386-388; reproduction of (by J. W. Audubon), for second (partial) American edition of original folio, ii, 389-391.
• Provost, Henry Augustin, i, 105-106, 122.
• Quadrupeds of North America, i, 17; Bachman to Audubon on, ii, 208; Audubon to Brewer on, ii, 209; on Bachman's coöperation in, ii, 210; Audubon to Baird on, ii, 219-221, 222, 226-227, 233; Audubon to Parkman, ii, 227; to W. O. Ayres, ii, 229; Parke Godwin on, ii, 236; editions of, ii, 261; Bachman on text of, ii, 261-263, 269-272, 281-283; Baird on materials for, ii, 263, 264, 274, 276-277, 278; Audubon on letterpress of, ii, 265; Harris as mediator in difficulties with letterpress of, ii, 269; coöperation of authors in, ii, 273; subscribers to, ii, 274; Louis Agassiz on, ii, 274; title of text of, ii, 275; English edition of first volume of text of, ii, 280; dedication copy of first volume of text of, ii, 280; J. E. Gray on, ii, 281; manuscript of text of, ii, 283; Illustrations of, ii, 285; in octavo, ii, 293.
• Quebec, Audubon's visit and success in, ii, 244.
• Queen, Jean Audubon's fight in, i, 35.
• Queen Charlotte (La Reine Charlotte), Captain Jean Audubon's command of, at Yorktown, i, 34.
• Quinarianism, curious tenets and advocacy of, ii, 94, 95, 104, 109, 114, 116, 117.
• Quincy, Josiah, ii, 29, 150.
• Rabin, Mlle., birth of son of, i, 52; as characterized by Jean Audubon, i, 52; record of physician of, i, 53; her feeble health and death, i, 56; suppression of her name, i, 60; early and assumed names of her son, i, 62; as characterized by her son, i, 63, 66; fictitious account of death of, i, 67.
• Rabin, Jean, i, 53, 57, 61, 62, 63, 64, 263, 264; ii, 361, 362, 364. See Jean Jacques Fougère Audubon.
• Rafinesque, Constantine Samuel (Schmaltz), i, 171; his travels, writings and career, i, 285-300; Audubon on, i, 285; and the bats, i, 286; his early life and precocity, i, 287; his bibliography, i, 287; visit to America, i, 288; life in Sicily, i, 288; marriage and embitterment, i, 289; return to America and shipwreck, i, 290; visits Audubon, i, 290; his "scarlet-headed swallow" and fictitious fishes, i, 291; his Ichthyology of the Ohio River and "Devil-Jack Diamond-fish," i, 292; at Transylvania University, i, 294; originality and independence, i, 295; impractical projects and inventions, i, 295-296, 298; troubles at Lexington and return to Philadelphia, i, 296; his mania for new species, i, 296; his letters, i, 297; his multifarious writings, final struggles and death, i, 297-299; his ardor and fatal versatility, i, 299; contemporary notice of, i, 333.
• "Rafinesquiana," i, 287.
• Rambler, i, 7.
• Ramsden, George, Edward Holden to, i, 351.
• Rankin, Dr. Adam, i, 238, 242; his "Meadow Brook Farm," i, 248; birth of John Woodhouse Audubon at home of, i, 248.
• Rankin, William, i, 248.
• Rathbone, Richard, introduction of Audubon to, i, 352.
• Rathbone, William, Sr., assistance rendered Audubon by, i, 352.
• Rathbone, Mrs. William, Sr., at "Greenbank," i, 353; gift to Audubon by, i, 355.
• Rathbone, William, Jr., i, 352.
• Rattlesnake, Audubon's account of drawing of, i, 316; climbing habits of, ii, 53-54, 64; Audubon on, ii, 71-76; Dr. Jones' charge concerning, ii, 72; Audubon's error in description of, ii, 76-78; vindication of Audubon's drawing and account of the fangs of, ii, 79.
• Rattlesnake, encounter of the Polly with, i, 134-135, 187.
• Redbanks. See Henderson.
• Redbird, Summer Tanager (Piranga rubra), Audubon's drawing of, i, 316.
• Redouté, Pierre Joseph, works and friendship of, i, 411.
• Red River (Arkansas), drawing of the Chuck-will's-widow on, i, 182.
• Redstart, American (Setophaga ruticilla), Audubon's early drawings of, i, 181, 316.
• Rees, Abraham, i, 216.
• Rees, William J., ii, 62.
• "Regulus cuvieri," "Cuvier's Wren," i, 180, 354; ii, 215, 219.
• Rhoads, Samuel N., i, 291; ii, 202.
• Richardson, John, ii, 98, 105, 106.
• Ricordel, Mme. See Mme. Jean Audubon.
• Rider, Alexander, i, 331.
• Ridgely, D., ii, 38.
• Ripley, the voyage of, ii, 43-50.
• Robertson, John Argyle, ii, 183.
• Robin, American (Planesticus migratorius), Audubon's early drawing of, i, 182.
• Rochambeau, Comte de, i, 34.
• Rochefort, i, 30, 83, 93, 94.
• Roe Lockwood & Son, ii, 296.
• Roget, Dr. Peter Mark, i, 377.
• Roscoe, Edward, i, 352, 353, 354.
• Roscoe, William, i, 218.
• Ross, David (and Company), i, 57, 121-123, 265, 266.
• Rothschild, Baron, Audubon's account of interview with, ii, 206.
• Rowan, William, i, 400.
• Roy, Constance (Rozier), i, 245.
• Royal Society (London), Audubon's election to membership in, i, 437; William Swainson on his election, ii, 97.
• Rozier, Charles A., i, 146.
• Rozier, Claude François, i, 147; Ferdinand Rozier to, i, 149-152; his family, i, 152; his death, i, 152; and Benjamin Bakewell, i, 154; Audubon to, i, 154, 156-158, 161-163, 164-166.
• Rozier, Felix, i, 246.
• Rozier, Ferdinand, i, 146; his "Articles," i, 147; to his father, i, 149-152; at Philadelphia, i, 153; as attorney for Lieutenant Audubon and his wife, i, 153; his business plans, i, 156-158, 161-162, 165; his diary, i, 187-192; Thomas Bakewell to, i, 196; William Bakewell to, i, 199; removes from Louisville to Henderson, i, 236; removes with Audubon to Ste. Geneviève, i, 237-241; dissolves partnership with Audubon, i, 241; Audubon to, i, 243; career of, i, 244-246; his death, i, 246; "Audubon & Bakewell" to, i, 251; ii, 359.
• Rozier, Firman A., i, 246.
• Rozier, François Denis, i, 154.
• Rozier (Colas), Renée Angelique, death of, i, 152.
• Rozier, Tom J., i, 196.
• Rozier, Welton A., manuscripts in possession of, i, 149, 168, 187.
• Rue de Crébillon, Jean Audubon's home in, i, 57.
• Rush, Dr. Benjamin, i, 288.
• Russell, W. Gurdon, ii, 204.
• Saget (mayor of Nantes), i, 77.
• St. Albans, i, 403.
• St. Augustine, Audubon's description of, ii, 12; hunting birds at, ii, 12.
• St. Francisville (Louisiana), engagement of Audubon at, i, 313; origin of name, i, 314; character of country and abundance of birds, i, 314; Audubon as tutor at, i, 315-318; Mrs. Audubon's school, i, 322; former wealth of country, i, 323, 345.
• Sainte Geneviève (Missouri), Audubon's journey to, i, 237-241; dissolution of partnership with Rozier at, i, 241; Audubon's subsequent visits, i, 242; Ferdinand Rozier's career at, i, 244-247.
• St. John, Mrs. Horace Roscoe Stebbing, i, 17.
• St. Johns, ii, 244.
• Saint Louis (Santo Domingo), i, 39, 41.
• Sammis, Capt. S., i, 131, 156, 158, 159, 164, 187.
• Sandpiper, Spotted (Actitis macularia), Audubon's early drawing of, i, 249.
• Sanson, Dr., as Jean Audubon's physician, i, 53; his bill of services, resources and favorite remedies, i, 53; his inoculations for smallpox, i, 55; his treatment of Audubon's mother, i, 56; for complete text of bill, with translation, see ii, 314-327.
• Santo Domingo, pre-revolutionary lure of, i, 36; Jean Audubon's career in, i, 36-38; effect of the Declaration of Rights on, i, 37; slave trade at, i, 39-41; cost of slaves at, i, 40; prosperity and praise of, i, 42; population of whites and blacks in 1790, i, 42; plight of mulattoes and history of slavery in, i, 43; Baron de Wimpffen's experience with society and plantation life, i, 44-48; unjust taxation, i, 44, 46; debasement of morals, i, 45; bossals, Creoles and mulattoes, i, 44-47; outbreak and progress of the Revolution, i, 49-51; the Revolution in relation to the history of Jean and Jean Jacques Fougère Audubon, i, 50; Les Cayes first touched by Revolution of, i, 50; first blood drawn in the North, i, 50; Ogé's futile rebellion, i, 50; later events in rising of blacks and mulattoes against whites, i, 50; physicians and their remedies in, i, 54.
• Sautron, i, 139.
• Savenay, i, 78.
• Say, Thomas, i, 294, 330, 333-334.
• Sayornis saya, i, 330.
• Sayre, Robert H., ii, 7.
• Scott, Sir Walter, on Audubon's exhibition, i, 359; Audubon on, i, 365; on Audubon, i, 366-368; 370.
• Scott, Winfield, ii, 242.
• Searles, Edward F., ii, 203.
• Seaside Finch (Passerherbulus maritimus), original drawing of, i, 425.
• Sedgwick, Adam, i, 399.
• Selby, Prideaux John, Audubon's visit to, i, 374; Illustrations of British Ornithology by, i, 375; to Audubon, i, 375; ii, 102.
• Serinettes, i, 163.
• Shannonville (Pennsylvania), i, 102.
• Sharp, William, i, 209.
• Shattuck, Dr. George C., ii, 29, 35, 43, 150, 151, 228.
• Shattuck, Dr. George Cheyne, as Audubon's assistant, ii, 43; as philanthropist, ii, 43; 228.
• Shippingport (Kentucky), Audubon as peripatetic portrait painter at, i, 303; 326, 345.
• Slack, Elijah, on Audubon's term of service at the Western Museum, i, 304; as president of Cincinnati College, i, 305.
• Slaves (in Santo Domingo), numbers delivered at Les Cayes, i, 31; as a basis of wealth, i, 39; trade in, i, 39-41; numbers and mortality of, i, 42; management of, i, 43-47; diseases of, i, 46; cost and taxes of, i, 46; revolt of, i, 49-51.
• Smallpox, i, 55.
• Smith, Rebecca (Bakewell), i, 201.
• Smith, Rev. Sidney, i, 369, 372.
• Smythe, Henry A., ii, 310.
• Sparrow, Baird's (Emberiza bairdii, Audubon, 1844; now Ammodramus bairdi), ii, 259.
• Sparrow, Harris's (Zonotrichia querula), ii, 253.
• Sparrow, Swamp (Melospiza georgiana), Audubon's early drawing of, i, 249.
• Sparrow, Vesper (Poœcetes gramineus), "Bay-winged Bunting," original drawing of, i, 425.
• Spencer, John C., ii, 242.
• Sprague, Isaac, ii, 252.
• Stanilaus, Francis Alexander (Baron de Wimpffen), i, 44; his experiences and observations as planter in Santo Domingo, i, 44-48.
• Stanley, Edward George Geoffrey Smith (fourteenth Earl of Derby), i, 354, 380, 437.
• "Stanley Hawk" (Falco stanleyi, now Accipiter cooperi), Cooper's Hawk. See Falco.
• Starling, Edmund L., i, 236, 250, 252, 256-257.
• Sterling, Mrs. Frederick A., i, 342.
• Stoddard, Rev. Charles Augustus, tribute to Mrs. John James Audubon, ii, 303.
• Stone, Charles F., ii, 311.
• Stone, Witmer, ii, 214.
• Stuart, Gilbert, i, 336.
• Sturnella neglecta, Western Meadow Lark, ii, 254.
• Sully, Thomas, i, 2, 328; Audubon as pupil of, i, 334; to Audubon, i, 334; Audubon to, i, 339; ii, 68-71.
• Sully, Mrs. Thomas, Audubon to, i, 389.
• Swainson, William, on Rafinesque, i, 289, 377, 395; correspondence of, i, 400; Audubon to, i, 400-401, 405-407, 409-410; ii, 95-97, 99, 101-103, 112, 176-177, 353; to Audubon, i, 402, 413-414, 422-423, 430-431; ii, 97-101, 103-108; characteristics, i, 402; on Audubon, i, 403; Audubon at home of, i, 404; with Audubon in Paris, i, 408-412, 415; ii, 84; in controversy over the Ornithological Biography, ii, 88, 93-109; as leader in the Quinarian movement, ii, 93-95, 114, 116-117; Audubon's proposal for assistance of, ii, 102; his response and answer to a later letter, ii, 103-108; their subsequent relations, ii, 111-114; as biographer, ii, 113-116; Literary Gazette on, ii, 113; as the "British Cuvier," ii, 114; his career and adversities, ii, 117; his emigration and death, ii, 118, 173.
• Sylvia (Helinaria) swainsonii, ii, 113.
• Syme, John, i, 361.
• Synopsis of Birds of North America, publication of, ii, 186; number of species recognized in, 186.
• Tawapatee Bottom, i, 240.
• Taylor, Richard C., ii, 77.
• Thayer, John E., i, 307, 363; ii, 227, 229.
• Tête-Carée. See Dupré.
• Texas, Audubon's visit to Republic of, ii, 163-165.
• Thackeray, George, ii, 146.
• The Foresters, i, 216.
• Thomas, William, i, 101, 113, 115, 116, 117, 118, 150, 151.
• Thrush, Hermit (Hylocichla ustulata), i, 308.
• Thrush, Wood (Hylocichla mustelina), Audubon's early drawing of, i, 180.
• Title pages, in facsimile, The Birds of America, original folio, i, 381; prospectus of The Birds of America, i, 391; of covers of parts, of octavo (second) edition of the Birds, ii, 213; of English edition (Vol. I) of The Viviparous Quadrupeds of North America, i, 275.
• Titmouse, Mountain, Audubon's early drawing of, i, 181.
• Torrey, John, i, 171.
• Townsend, Dr. John Kirk, ii, 147, 149, 153-154, 156, 170-173, 179.
• Traill, Dr. Thomas S., i, 353.
• Transportation by steam, in the Atlantic, i, 2; on the Ohio River, i, 236.
• Transylvania Company, i, 252.
• Transylvania University, i, 294-296, 306.
• Treat, Mary, ii, 81.
• Trinity Cemetery, i, 13.
• Trudeau, James, ii, 184, 185, 186.
• Turkey, Wild (Meleagris gallopavo), i, 311, 355, 358, 363; ii, 198.
• "Twizel House," i, 374.
• Tyler, John, Audubon's credentials from, ii, 242.
• Tyttenhanger (or Tittenhanger), Green, i, 403.
• Valentine, Edward Virginius, i, 14.
• Valley Forge (Pennsylvania), i, 102.
• Van Buren, Martin, ii, 153, 166.
• Vanderlyn, John, i, 312, 338.
• Vaux, James, i, 108.
• Vendée, La, i, 24-27.
• Vendeans, characteristics and revolt of, i, 26; Nantes besieged by, i, 74; defeat and fate of, i, 75; execution of leader of, i, 76-77, 80.
• Vigors, Nathaniel Augustus, i, 377; to Audubon, i, 407-408, 415; ii, 101, 107.
• Vireo belli (V. bellii, of Audubon, 1844), Bell's Vireo, ii, 253.
• Vireo, Warbling (Vireosylva gilva), Audubon's original drawing of, i, 425.
• Vireo, Yellow-throated (Lanivireo flavifrons), Audubon's original drawing of, i, 316.
• Vulture, Turkey (Cathartes aura), and Black, or "Carrion Crow" (Catharista urubu), controversy over the sense of smell in, ii, 81-84; experiments of Audubon and Bachman on, ii, 55-56, 61, 81-82; memorial of the faculty of the South Carolina Medical College on, ii, 83; present condition of the question, ii, 83.
• Wade, Joseph M., i, 213, 254.
• Wagtail, White (Motacilla alba), Audubon's early drawing of, i, 181.
• Wainwright, Rev. Dr., Edward Everett to, i, 436.
• Waller, Sir J. Walter, to Audubon, i, 392, 406.
• Walton, Isaac, i, 206.
• Warbler (Sylvia trochilus delicata, sylvia delicata), Audubon's unpublished drawing of, i, 228.
• Warbler, Bay-breasted (Dendroica castanea), "Autumnal Warbler," Audubon's original drawing of, i, 426.
• Warbler, Blackburnian (Dendroica fusca), "Hemlock Warbler," Audubon's original drawing of, i, 180, 426.
• Warbler, Black-poll (Dendroica striata), Audubon's original drawing of, i, 425; ii, 50.
• Warbler, Black-throated Blue (Dendroica cærulescens), "Pine Swamp Warbler," Audubon's original drawing of, i, 425.
• Warbler, Canada (Wilsonia canadensis), "Canada Flycatcher," Audubon's original drawing of, i, 425.
• Warbler, Carbonated (Dendroica carbonata), Audubon's original drawing of, i, 180.
• Warbler, Chestnut-sided (Dendroica pennsylvanica), Audubon's original drawing of, i, 180.
• Warbler, "Children's," Yellow Warbler (Dendroica æstiva), i, 354.
• Warbler, Connecticut (Oporornis agilis), Audubon's original drawing of, i, 426.
• Warbler, Magnolia (Dendroica magnolia), "Black and Yellow Warbler," Audubon's original drawing of, i, 425.
• Warbler, Pine-creeping (Dendroica vigorsi), Audubon's original drawing of, i, 316.
• Warbler, Prairie (Dendroica discolor), Audubon's original drawing of, i, 316.
• Warbler, "Rathbone," i, 180, 354.
• Warbler, Tennessee (Vermivora peregrina), Audubon's original drawing of, i, 316.
• Warbler, Yellow-rumped, Myrtle Warbler (Dendroica coronata), Audubon's original drawing of, i, 180.
• Ward, Henry, ii, 2, 4, 9, 12, 25, 32, 59.
• Washington, General George, at Valley Forge, i, 102; Folk's portrait of, i, 106; at "Fatland Ford," i, 108.
• Water-lily, yellow (Nymphæa lutea), ii, 80.
• Waterton, Charles, i, 12, 224-232, 415; ii, 55, 61, 73; on Audubon's drawing of the rattlesnake, ii, 79; on the vulture's olfactory sense, ii, 82; to George Ord, ii, 83; his Wanderings, polemics and life at Walton Hall, ii, 86-92; on Alexander Wilson's diary, ii, 87; on the Ornithological Biography, ii, 87; on the young Cuckoo and Hummingbird's nest, ii, 90-91; 142.
• Watty and Meg, i, 208.
• Webster, Daniel, as Audubon's patron, ii, 151; his letter of recommendation and promise of ducks, ii, 152; Audubon's credentials from, ii, 242.
• Wellington, ii, 189, 191.
• Wernerian Society, i, 183; ii, 72.
• Westermann, General, to Citizen Audubon, i, 80.
• Western Journal, ii, 298.
• Western Museum, Audubon as its taxidermist, and story of its foundation, i, 303-306.
• Wetherill, Samuel, Junior, i, 102, 169; ii, 14.
• Wetherill, Samuel Price, i, 102.
• Wetherill, Dr. William, i, 201.
• Wetherill, W. H., i, 99, 102, 149.
• Wheelock, John, i, 218.
• Whewell, William, i, 399.
• Whip-poor-will (Antrostomus vociferus), Audubon's early drawings of, i, 180, 249.
• Whitehall (New York), ii, 244.
• White-throated Sparrow (Zonotrichia albicollis), Audubon's early drawing of, i, 249.
• Wilkie, David, i, 377.
• Williams, George Alfred, on the ancestry and achievements of Robert Havell, Junior, i, 382; ii, 193-195.
• Wilson, Alexander, i, 107; his life and accomplishments, i, 202-220; his journey of 1810, i, 202; his rebuke to a judge, i, 203; description of Pittsburgh, i, 204; descends the Ohio, i, 205; impressions of Cincinnati and Louisville, i, 205; success in New Orleans, i, 207; his meeting with Audubon, i, 207; early life and struggles, i, 208; success as a dialect poet, i, 208; champions the oppressed weavers, is fined and sent to jail, i, 208; emigrates to America, i, 209; unfortunate love affairs, i, 209, 212, 215, 216; to Charles Orr, i, 210-212; George Ord on, i, 211; friendship with Bartram and Lawson, i, 212; his poverty and thrift, i, 214-216; his talents and genius, i, 214; The Foresters, i, 216; his American Ornithology begun, i, 216; his prospectus and first volume, i, 217; canvasses New England, i, 218; journey South and extension of his work, i, 218; second New England tour, and his arrest as a spy, i, 219; completion of his seventh volume and his premature death, i, 219; his character, i, 219; Audubon's account of their meeting in Louisville, i, 220-223; Ord's revival of the incident, i, 223; his diary in light of later events, i, 224-232; his evasive flycatcher, i, 226; the "twin" Mississippi Kites, i, 227-230; as a later "rival" of Audubon, i, 231-232, 234-235, 311, 422; mistaken obituary of, ii, 2; Audubon on, ii, 143; number of species of American birds recognized, ii, 214; and Bachman, ii, 284.
• Wilson, James, i, 438.
• Wilson, John, i, 362, 385, 447; ii, 84; Audubon to, ii, 139.
• Winterfield, Charles, ii, 121, 256-258; on Audubon at the ruins of a fire, ii, 267.
• Wollaston, Dr. William Hyde, i, 377.
• Wood, Rev. J. G., on Waterton, ii, 89.
• Woodbury, Levi, ii, 5; to Louis McLane, ii, 23.
• Woodpecker, Green, Audubon's early drawing of, i, 178, 181.
• Woodpecker, Red-cockaded (Dryobates borealis), Audubon's early drawing of, i, 316.
• Wren, "Cuvier's." See "Regulus."
• Wren, Bewick's (Thryomanes bewicki), Audubon's original drawing of, i, 180.
• Wren, Marsh (Telmatodytes palustris), original drawing of, i, 425.
• Wren, Parkman's (Troglodytes aëdon parkmani), original specimen, ii, 227.
• Yarrell, William, ii, 58; to Audubon, ii, 223-225, 246-247.
• Yellow-throat, "Roscoe's," Maryland Yellow-throat (Geothlypis trichas), i, 354.
• Yorktown (Virginia), Jean Audubon's command at, i, 24.
• Zoölogical Gallery, i, 12, 382, 394.
• Zoölogical Society (London), i, 398, 444.