[145] Nominative sing. of stem jalakse (fr. jala, foot), the foot or end of a sledge.
[147] Ablative plur. of lause (stem lausehe).
[148] = oraa, part. sing, of ora, a gimlet.
[149] Part. sing. of vääntiä, an auger.
[150] Accusative sing. of rekonen, dim. fr. reke, a sledge.
[152] Accusative sing. compound word formed from laulu, song, and korja, a basket sledge (Swedish korgsläde).
[154] Adv. now.
[155] Part. sing. of venoinen, dim. of vene, boat.
[156] 2nd sing. imperf. of laittaa, to make ready.
[157] = minulle.
[158] kyllä, adv. much; originally a subst. meaning plenty.
[160] 3rd sing. pres. of torua, to chide.
[161] 3rd sing. pres. of riidella (stem riitele), to quarrel or be angry.
[162] Nominative sing., a fool.
[163] Part. sing, with affix of 2nd pers. of stem hulluute, folly, derived from hullu (p. 47); for use of part, after oi, v. p. 136.
[164] Nominative sing. of stem miehe.
[165] Gen. sing. of mieli, with affix of 2nd pers. sing.
[166] Part. sing. of stem vähyyte (after oi), formed like hulluus, above, from vähä, little.
[167] Abessive sing. of syy, cause; tauitta (from tauti) is same case.
[168] Allative sing. (after tulet) from maja, a habitation.
[169] Nominative of stem parempa, comp. of hyvä, good.
[171] 1st infin. and root to return, conjugated like luvata.
[172] Adessive plur. of oma, own.
[173] Adessive plur. of maa, land.
[174] Adv. and adj. much.
[175] Part. plur. of stem tullehe (nominative sing. tullut, p. 40), 2nd part. act. of tulla, to come.
[176] Adv. much.
[178] Nominative sing., an old woman.
[179] Ablative sing. tie, a way.
[180] = kääntyköön, 3rd sing. opt. of kääntyä, reflex. form of kääntää, to turn.
[181] Nominative of compar. of paha, bad (p. 42), with adv. affix kana. N.B. As ei is indic. and not imper. the line must mean ‘the meanest man will not.’
[183] Nominative of compar. of untelo, sleepy or dull, from untua, to be sleepy.
[186] Abessive of 3rd infin. of kuolla, to die.
[187] Nominative sing. good.
[188] Nominative sing. (gen. emännän), mistress or hostess.
[189] Adessive sing. of tuoppi. The inessive would seem more natural.
[191] 3rd sing. of kantaa, to bear.
[192] Adessive sing. of kaksikorvainen, formed of kaksi, two; korva, ear, with adj. ending inen, two-eared or two-handled.
[193] 2nd sing. imperf. of juoda, to drink.
[194] 3rd sing. imperf. of katsoa, to look.
[196] Nominative plur. of sammakko, frog.
[197] 3rd sing. (for plural) imperf. of kutea.
[199] = madot, nominative plur. of mato, worm.
[200] = laidoilla, adessive plur. of laita, side.
[201] = mateli (which perhaps should be read), imperf. of madella (sing. for plur.), to creep (connected mato).
[202] Accusative plur. of malja, a cup.
[206] Genitive sing. of kannu, a cup, or can.
[207] Nominative plur. of appaja, formed from appaa, to eat or drink greedily.
[209] Part. of mitä, used adverbially, why.
[210] Part. of kuka, here used like mikä.
[211] Allative plur. (after tulit) of tupa, house.
[212] Adv. before.
[213] Abessive of 3rd infin. of tahtoa, to wish. There is here a confusion of two ideas, without the will of Tuoni and before the bidding of Tuoni.
[214] Ablative plur. of maa, land.
[215] Abessive of 3rd infin. of kutsua, to call.
[217] Part. sing. of uusi (stem uute), new; part. because action was not complete.
[218] Inessive of 2nd infin. of puuhata, like luvata.
[221] = peräpää, lit. end-head, i.e. extreme part.
[222] Inessive of 2nd infin. of päätellä, derived from päättää, to finish.
[223] = kokkaa, part. sing. of kokka, prow.
[224] Inessive of 2nd infin. of kohottaa, transitive form of kohota, to swell or rise.
[225] 1st sing. imperf. neg. of saada, with adv. affix kana.
[226] Part. plur. of tuo used after negative.
[227] Ablative plur. of ilma, air. maailma (earth, air) means universe, and the present expression, in which the two elements are declined, has much the same force.
[228] Nominative sing. 2nd part. active of tavata (root tapata), conjugated like luvata; en must be understood with this participle.
[229] 3rd sing. imperf. of pitää (here impersonal, oportere).
[230] Illative of 3rd infin. of saada. N.B. This infin. does not depend on piti, but denotes the purpose of the action; v. p. 192.
[231] Part. plur. of ongelmo (derived from onki), a crooked saying, a riddle.
[232] Illative of 3rd infin. of oppia, to learn.
[234] Negative form (understand ei) of jaella, derived from jakaa, to divide or distribute.
[235] 2nd pers. sing. concessive negative of päästä (like nousta).
[236] Essive of se.
[237] Essive sing. of ilmoinen, derived from ilma (the open space or air) and apparently meaning long.
[238] Essive of ikä, life. For temporal meaning of essive, v. p. 157. The whole expression apparently means in this long life, i.e. as long as you live.
[239] Illative plur. of koti, home, with affix of 2nd pers. pron.
[240] Illative of 3rd infin. of kulkea, to go.
[241] Allative plur. of maa, land, with affix of 2nd pers.
[242] Illative of 3rd infin. of madella.
[243] 3rd sing. imperf. of uuvuttaa, to tire or throw to sleep.
[244] = uneen, illative sing. of uni, sleep; the illative is used on account of the idea of change of state in uuvutti.
[245] 3rd sing. imp. of panna (like tulla), to put.
[246] 1st infin. of root makata (like lupata), to sleep. The expression panna maata is generally used in an intransitive sense, to go to bed.
[247] Acc. sing. of matkalainen, a traveller, deriv. from matka, journey.
[248] Allative sing. (on account of motion in lying down unto) of compound noun composed of talja and vuode, both meaning skin, or fur.
[249] 3rd sing. pres. of makaella, derivative verb from maata.
[250] Part. sing. of uni.
[251] Derivative verb from ottaa, to take.
[251a] 3rd sing. imperf. of valvoa, to watch. The expression is a proverb, and means he slept with one eye open.
[251b] Nominative sing. of compound adj. formed of käykkä, prominent, and leuka, chin.
[251c] Genitive sing. of compound substantive formed of rauta, iron, and rihma, thread.
[251d] Noun of agency formed with affix ja from kehrätä, to spin.
[251e] Genitive plur. of vaskilanka, compound of vaski, brass, and lanka, twine.
[252] Noun of agency from valaa, to pour or make by casting.
[253] Accusative sing. of satainen, hundred-fold, here meaning complicated or large.
[254] Accusative sing. of nuotta, a large net.
[255] Accusative sing. of tuhantinen; v. satainen, above.
[256] 3rd sing. imperf. of tuuritella, to knit (from tuurittaa).
[258] Essive sing. of yksi.
[259] Essive sing. of kesäinen, adj. from kesä, summer; kesäisenä, contracted to kesäisnä.
[261] Adessive sing. of compound subst. formed of vesi, water, and kivi, stone.
[262] Nominative sing. an old man.
[263] Nominative sing. compound of kolme, three (N.B. in compounds the e becomes i), and sormi, a finger.
[264] Genitive plur. of rautaverkko, compound of rauta, iron, and verkko, a net.
[265] Noun of agency from kutoa, to weave.
[267] Noun of agency from valmistaa, to make ready.
[268] 3rd sing. imperf. of kutoa.
[269] 3rd sing. imperf. of tuikutella.
[270] Essive of sama, the same.
[271] Nominative sing. (gen. pojan), a boy.
[272] Compound adj. koukku, a hook, sormi, a finger.
[273] Compound adj. rauta, iron, näppi, finger tip.
[274] 3rd sing. imperf. of vetää, to draw or spread.
[275] Elative sing. of joki, river; alatse, läpi, poikki, yli, sometimes take the elative instead of partitive in the Kalevala.
[276] sekä ... jotta = both ... and, but the third jotta introduces a final sentence with the verb in the indicative, not in the subjunctive, as is more usual.
[277] Illative sing. of vita, crosswise.
[278] Negative pres. of päästää, to let go.
[279] Negative pres. of selvittää, to liberate (from selvä, free or clear).
[280] Essive of kuu, moon.
[281] Genitive sing. of kulta, gold.
[282] Essive of walkea, bright. The meaning of these three words is clearly as long as the moon shines, but their exact relation to each other is a little obscure. Kullan is apparently an attributive genitive belonging to kuun, and the essive is to be taken in a temporal sense. Literally, in the moon of gold shining. Cf. XLIX. 116. Päivä-kullan paistamahan.
[283] Elative plur. of koti, home.
[284] Elative plur. of ikimaja, compound of iki, always, and maja, dwelling.
[285] Compound concessive of tulla; lie = lienee. For use of the concessive in questions, v. p. 177.
[286] Nominative sing. with affix of 1st person.
[287] Compound of hätä, straits or danger, and päivä, day.