[1] Vol. I. p. 46.

[2] See Vol. I. p. 43.

[3] See Viollet-le-Duc Dictionnaire—passim; also, Development and Character of Gothic Architecture, by C. H. Moore (1890).

[4] Vol. I. p. 40.

[5] Bower (Vol. I. p. 375-6).

[6] Introduction, p. 39.

[7] Vol. I. p. 62.

[8] Ibid. p. 355.

[9] Introduction, Vol. I. p. 46.

[10] Vol. I. p. 259.

[11] Introduction, Vol. I. p. 47.

[12] Introduction, Vol. I. p. 49.

[13] Ibid. p. 11.

[14] Celtic Scotland, Vol. II. p. 274.

[15] See Vol. I. p. 185.

[16] Over.

[17] Apparently the door seen on Plan immediately west of the south transept.

[18] Tribute.

[19] Martine’s Reliquiæ Divi Andreæ (St. Andrews, 1797), pp. 40 and 192.

[20] We have to thank Mr. Kinross, architect, for the plan of the conventual buildings, here shown, which have been recently excavated.

[21] Martine, p. 206, and Hay Fleming’s Guide to St. Andrews.

[22] Book ix.

[23] Exchequer Rolls, Vol. III., p. xlix.

[24] Lyon’s History of St. Andrews, p. 191.

[25] Quoted by Hay in his History of Arbroath, p. 27.

[26] Vol. I. p. 376.

[27] Castellated and Domestic Architecture of Scotland, Vol. I., p. 561.

[28] Arbroath and its Abbey, by David Miller, 1860, p. 103.

[29] Arbroath and its Abbey, p. 105-6. See also Castellated and Domestic Architecture of Scotland, Vol. v. p. 526.

[30] History of Arbroath, by George Hay, p. 91.

[31] Ibid., p. 193.

[32] See Description of Holyrood Palace, Castellated and Domestic Architecture of Scotland, Vol. IV. p. 130.

[33] Wilson’s Memorials, Vol. II. p. 185.

[34] For an illustration and description of the lectern, see Proceedings of the Antiquarian Society of Scotland, 1878-9, p. 287.

[35] Pont’s Cuninghame by Dobie, p. 254.

[36] Ibid. p. 260.

[37] Pont’s Cuninghame by Dobie, p. 266.

[38] Vol. I. p. 89.

[39] We have to thank Mr. Robert Watson, architect, London, for the geometric drawings of this cathedral—Figs. 509, 514, 515, 516-519, 520, 522, and 523.

[40] Celtic Scotland, Vol. II. p. 396.

[41] See St. Blane’s, Bute, Vol. I. p. 292.

[42] In the recent restoration by Dr. R. Rowand Anderson, which has been carried out since the above description was written, several openings have been formed between the upper chamber (now used as an organ loft) and the choir.

[43] For further reference to the first Bishop William, see Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries, Vol. XI., 1874-76.

[44] Historic Scenes in Perthshire, by Dr. William Marshall, p. 343.

[45] See description in The Castellated and Domestic Architecture of Scotland, Vol. IV. p. 285.

[46] Registrum Episc., Moraviensis, p. xii.

[47] Register of the Diocese, p. xiii.

[48] The “Wolf” finally made his peace with the Church, and his monument was erected in the cathedral of Dunkeld, where it still exists (see Dunkeld Cathedral).

[49] Registrum, p. xv.

[50] See Castellated and Domestic Architecture of Scotland, Vol. II. p. 58, and Vol. V. p. 90.

[51] Exchequer Rolls, Vol. III. pp. 276, 316, &c.

[52] Nisbet, 1-51.

[53] Castellated and Domestic Architecture of Scotland, Vol. I. p. 439.

[54] Spottiswoode, p. 145.

[55] Spottiswoode, p. 145.

[56] Castellated and Domestic Architecture of Scotland, Vol. II. p. 246.

[57] Guide to Elgin Cathedral, J. S. Pozzi, 1892, p. 29.

[58] Beauly Priory, by E. Chisholm Batten, p. 136.

[59] See Illustration in M‘Phail’s History of Pluscardyn, p. 121.

[60] Registrum Episcopatus Glasguensis, Preface, p. xxiv.

[61] Registrum Episcopatus Glasguensis, Preface, p. xxiv.

[62] Castellated and Domestic Architecture of Scotland, Vol. IV. p. 1.

[63] This view is founded on drawings published in 1836 by James Collie.

[64] Mr. Honeyman was kind enough to accompany us over the building and explain his views on the spot.

[65] This section is taken from Mr. Collie’s work above referred to.

[66] Gordon’s Vade Mecum to Glasgow Cathedral, p. 66.

[67] Royal Archæological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, Annual Meeting, Edinburgh, 1891.

[68] See Mr. Chalmers’ work, A Scots Mediæval Architect, p. 45.

[69] Transactions of the Glasgow Archæological Society (New Series), Vol. II., Part II., p. 155.

[70] While passing through the press, we observe that Mr. P. Macgregor Chalmers, in his recent very interesting work, A Scots Mediæval Architect, states that he can prove that these figures illustrate the seven ages of man. This interpretation is ingenious, and we should be glad if the proof was made more convincing. Mr. Chalmers is of opinion that the rood screen is of the time of Bishop Blackadder; but the work is considerably superior to that of the adjoining altars, which are certainly by that bishop. It is altogether of finer design and execution than the work of about 1500. The pinnacles have some analogy with those of the Dean’s seat in the chapter house.

[71] Skene’s Celtic Scotland, Vol. II. pp. 397-400.

[72] Black’s Brechin, p. 17.

[73] Ibid. pp. 253, 254.

[74] See Vol. I. p. 175.

[75] Ibid. p. 127.

[76] Scotland in Early Christian Times, p. 41.

[77] Black’s Brechin, p. 276.

[78] See Lindores Abbey and its Burgh of Newburgh, by Alexander Laing, F. S. A. Scot., 1876.

[79] Laing’s Lindores Abbey, p. 135.

[80] Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, Session 1864-5, p. 14.

[81] Registrum Monasterii de Cambuskenneth, Grampian Club.

[82] Ibid.

[83] Castellated and Domestic Architecture of Scotland, Vol. V. p. 18.

[84] History of Culross.

[85] Royal Institute of British Architects, 19th June 1871, p. 196.

[86] Royal Institute of British Architects, 19th June 1871, p. 196.

[87] It has, however, been suggested that, as the parish was anciently very large, and included Kincardine, possibly the old parish church, which is about a mile off in the country, was used for the landward district, while that of the abbey was the parish church of the town.

[88] The Priory of Beauly, by E. Chisholm-Batten, from which the following historical notes are taken.

[89] Stewart’s Records of Kinloss, XLIX.

[90] For particulars of this abbey see Registrum Sancte Marie de Newbotle, edited for the Bannatyne Club by Professor Cosmo Innes.

[91] Ibid. pp. xv. xx.

[92] Ibid. p. xxxix.

[93] Registrum Sancte Marie de Newbotle, p. xi.

[94] Ibid. pp. xv., xx.

[95] Diplom. Coll. Adv. Libr. MSS., quoted in the Registrum, p. xxiv. Father Hay, so well known in connection with Rosslyn, appears to have had access to papers relating to Newbotle which are not now in existence.

[96] Diplom. Coll. Adv. Libr. MSS., quoted in the Registrum, p. xli., and Bannatyne Miscellany, Vol. II.

[97] Registrum, p. xliv.

[98] Ibid. p. xliv.

[99] Castellated and Domestic Architecture of Scotland, Vol. III. p. 355.

[100] We have to thank Mr. Ramsay for kindly supplying us with the annexed Plan and the measurements of the ruins, and for other assistance freely rendered.

[101] “A Boar’s head, and on a chief indented 3 mullets, which are probably the arms of James Hasmall, who was abbot of the monastery at this time.”—Descriptive Catalogue of Ancient Scottish Seals, by Henry Laing, No. 1090. Laing gives no authority for this supposition; while in the Workman MSS. the same arms are assigned to Schewall of that Ilk. Edward Schewall was abbot in 1526 and 1528. When he died is not known. So that it is quite as likely that the arms on the sixth shield are those of Abbot Schewall as that they refer to Abbot Hasmall.

[102] The Upper Ward of Lanarkshire, p. 257.

[103] See Tynninghame and Whitekirk.

[104] We have to thank Mr. T. S. Robertson, Dundee, for the drawings of this church.

[105] Antiquities of the Shires of Aberdeen and Banff, Spalding Club, p. 414. From Chronica de Mailros, pp. 197-8.

[106] See A General View of the Agriculture of Aberdeenshire, by George Skene Keith, D.D., Aberdeen, 1811, p. 98.

[107] Proceedings of Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, Vol. VIII. p. 323.

[108] New Statistical Account.

[109] Shires of Aberdeen and Banff, Vol. II. p. 394; Ibid. p. 395. Also Chamberlain Rolls, Vol. III. p. 529.

[110] Shires of Aberdeen and Banff, Vol. IV. p. 61.

[111] Lindores Abbey, p. 66.

[112] Ibid. p. 69.

[113] We have to thank Mr. Galloway, architect, Whithorn, for plans and photographs of this chapel.

[114] Ecclesiological Notes, p. 229.

[115] The Castellated and Domestic Architecture of Scotland, Vol. I. p. 90.

[116] Vol. III. p. 72.

[117] M‘Kerlie’s Galloway, Vol. V. p. 234.

[118] M‘Kerlie’s Galloway, Vol. V. p. 189.

[119] Transactions of the Edinburgh Architectural Association, Vol. I. p. 127.

[120] Vol. V. p. 169.

[121] Vol. IV. p. 322.

[122] Act I., Scene 2.

[123] See Proceedings of Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, Vol. II. p. 489.

[124] See Introduction, Vol. I. p. 7.

[125] Figs. 739 and 740 are from sketches in Sir J. Y. Simpson’s paper above referred to.

[126] Vol. I. p. 51.

[127] Introduction, Vol. I. p. 55.

[128] Vol. I. p. 388.

[129] M‘Kerlie’s Galloway, Vol. V. p. 4.

[130] Grose, p. 181.

[131] M‘Kerlie’s Galloway, Vol. V. p. 5.

[132] See Vol. I. pp. 347, 398, 448.

[133] Liber S. Marie de Melros, Introduction, p. ix. See also Morton’s Monastic Annals of Teviotdale.

[134] See Vol. I. Fig. 26.

[135] P. 178.

[136] See The Castellated and Domestic Architecture of Scotland, Vol. V. p. 515.

[137] Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries, Scotland, Vol. II. p. 168.

[138] See Fig. 804.

[139] See ante, Fig. 602.

[140] Copied from Halfpenny’s York.

[141] Copied from The Builder of 4th April 1896.

[142] Grose, p. 171.

[143] Chronicles of Lincluden, by W. M‘Dowall, p. 55.

[144] M‘Dowall, p. 140.

[145] Ibid. p. 17.

[146] M‘Dowall, p. 64.

[147] Pennant, Vol. II. p. 119.

[148] Mr. P. M‘Gregor Chalmers, in A Scots Mediæval Architect, p. 26, gives a full account of the sculptured scenes on this screen. He thinks they are the work of John Morow, in the beginning of the sixteenth century; but the work here appears to us to be of earlier date.

[149] Vol. I. p. 178.

[150] Celtic Scotland, Vol. II. p. 229.

[151] Beauly Priory, by E. Chisholm-Batten, p. 189.

[152] Muir, Characteristics, p. 68.

[153] Priory of Beauly, p. 195.

[154] Beauly Priory, p. 198.

[155] For illustrations of the gatehouse, see The Castellated and Domestic Architecture of Scotland, Vol. III. p. 385.

[156] In connection with St. Giles’ we are indebted to the following works.—The Charters of St. Giles’, edited by Dr. Laing (1859); Memorials of Edinburgh, by Sir Daniel Wilson (1848); St. Giles’, Edinburgh, by the Very Rev. J. Cameron Lees, D.D.; The Story of St. Giles’, by Dr. W. Chambers (1870).

[157] W. Chambers’ Story of St. Giles’ Church.

[158] The Castellated and Domestic Architecture of Scotland, Vol. V. p. 525.

[159] This Plan shows the building as it stood before 1829, but without the walls which divided the space into three churches.

[160] This oriel is now rebuilt in the west end of the Murray aisle.

[161] The Castellated and Domestic Architecture of Scotland, Vol. V. p. 536.

[162] Celtic Scotland, Vol. II. p. 311.

[163] The Castellated and Domestic Architecture of Scotland, Vol. V. p. 525.

[164] Exchequer Rolls, Vol. II.

[165] See ante, p. 297.

[166] Vol. I. p. 4.

[167] M‘Kerlie’s Galloway, Vol. I. p. 464.

[168] A Scots Mediæval Architect, by P. M‘G. Chalmers, p. 30.

[169] Vol. I. p. 362.

[170] Transactions of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, Vol. I. p. 67.

[171] The Castellated and Domestic Architecture of Scotland, Vol. V. p. 64.

[172] Robb’s Guide, p. 30.

[173] See The Castellated and Domestic Architecture of Scotland, Vol. V. p. 203.

[174] Robb’s Guide, p. 32.

[175] Ibid. p. 35.

[176] For further information see Balmerino and its Abbey, by the Rev. James Campbell, M.A., and Liber Sancte Marie de Balmorinach, Abbotsford Club, edited by William B. D. D. Turnbull.

[177] Balmerino and its Abbey, p. 90. The ford of Burglyn was probably on the river Eden, about eight miles distant.

[178] Ibid., and Calendar of State Papers relating to Scotland, Vol. I. p. 73.

[179] Balmerino and its Abbey, p. 126.

[180] These figures are from sketches by Mr. T. S. Robertson.

[181] The Castellated and Domestic Architecture of Scotland, Vol. I. p. 80.

[182] In Irving’s Upper Ward of Lanarkshire, Vol. II. p. 79, the monument to Sir James is stated to have been erected by Sir Archibald, his son.

[183] Ibid. p. 88.

[184] Upper Ward of Lanarkshire, Vol. II. p. 92.

[185] Upper Ward of Lanarkshire, Vol. II. p. 93.

[186] History of Tain, by Rev. W. Taylor, p. 24.

[187] P. 65.

[188] Taylor’s Tain, pp. 40, 44.

[189] Ecclesiological Notes, p. 62.

[190] P. 52.

[191] See List of Abbots of Fearn, in The Priory of Beauty, by K. Chisholm-Batten, p. 313, and New Statistical Account, Vol. XIV. pp. 361, 440.

[192] The Castellated and Domestic Architecture of Scotland, Vol. III. p. 568.

[193] Irving’s Dumbartonshire, p. 414.