Lapithæum, a town of Arcadia. Pausanias, bk. 3, ch. 20.

Lara, or Laranda, one of the Naiads, daughter of the river Almon in Latium, famous for her beauty and her loquacity, which her parents long endeavoured to correct, but in vain. She revealed to Juno the amours of her husband Jupiter with Juturna, for which the god cut off her tongue, and ordered Mercury to conduct her to the infernal regions. The messenger of the gods fell in love with her by the way, and gratified his passion. Lara became mother of two children, to whom the Romans have paid divine honours, according to the opinion of some, under the name of Lares. Ovid, Fasti, bk. 2, li. 599.

Larentia and Laurentia, a courtesan in the first ages of Rome. See: Acca.

Lăres, gods of inferior power at Rome, who presided over houses and families. They were two in number, sons of Mercury by Lara. See: Lara. In process of time their power was extended not only over houses, but also over the country and the sea, and we find Lares Urbani to preside over the cities, Familiares over houses, Rustici over the country, Compitales over cross-roads, Marini over the sea, Viales over the roads, Patellarii, &c. According to the opinion of some, the worship of the gods Lares, who are supposed to be the same as the manes, arises from the ancient custom among the Romans and other nations of burying their dead in their houses, and from their belief that their spirits continually hovered over their houses, for the protection of the inhabitants. The statues of the Lares resembling monkeys, and covered with the skin of a dog, were placed in a niche behind the doors of the houses, or around the hearths. At the feet of the Lares was the figure of a dog barking, to intimate their care and vigilance. Incense was burnt on their altars, and a sow was also offered on particular days. Their festivals were observed at Rome in the month of May, when their statues were crowned with garlands of flowers, and offerings of fruit presented. The word Lares seems to be derived from the Etruscan word Lars, which signifies conductor, or leader. Ovid, Fasti, bk. 5, li. 129.—Juvenal, satire 8, li. 8.—Plutarch, Quæstiones Romanæ.—Varro, de Lingua Latina, bk. 4, ch. 10.—Horace, bk. 3, ode 23.—Plautus, Aulularia & Cistellaria.

Largra, a well-known prostitute in Juvenal’s age. Juvenal, satire 4, li. 25.

Largus, a Latin poet, who wrote a poem on the arrival of Antenor in Italy, where he built the town of Padua. He composed with ease and elegance. Ovid, ex Ponto, bk. 4, ltr. 16, li. 17.

Larīdes, a son of Daucus or Daunus, who assisted Turnus against Æneas, and had his hand cut off with one blow by Pallas the son of Evander. Virgil, Æneid, bk. 10, li. 391.

Lārīna, a virgin of Italy, who accompanied Camilla in her war against Æneas. Virgil, Æneid, bk. 11, li. 655.

Larīnum, or Lārīna, now Larino, a town of the Frentani on the Tifernus, before it falls into the Adriatic. The inhabitants were called Larinates. Silius Italicus, bk. 15, li. 565.—Cicero, For Aulus Cluentius, chs. 63, 64; Letters to Atticus, ltr. 12; bk. 7, ltr. 13.—Livy, bk. 22, ch. 18; bk. 27, ch. 40.—Cæsar, Civil War, bk. 1, ch. 23.

Larissa, a daughter of Pelasgus, who gave her name to some cities in Greece. Pausanias, bk. 2, ch. 23.——A city between Palestine and Egypt, where Pompey was murdered and buried, according to some accounts.——A large city on the banks of the Tigris. It had a small pyramid near it, greatly inferior to those of Egypt.——A city of Asia Minor, on the southern confines of Troas. Strabo, bk. 13.——Another in Æolia, 70 stadia from Cyme. It is surnamed Phriconis by Strabo, by way of distinction. Strabo, bk. 13.—Homer, Iliad, bk. 2, li. 640.——Another near Ephesus.——Another on the borders of the Peneus in Thessaly, also called Cremaste from its situation (Pensilis), the most famous of all the cities of that name. It was here that Acrisius was inadvertently killed by his grandson Perseus. Jupiter had there a famous temple, on account of which he is called Larissæus. The same epithet is also applied to Achilles, who reigned there. It is still extant, and bears the same name. Ovid, Metamorphoses, bk. 2, li. 542.—Virgil, Æneid, bk. 2, li. 197.—Lucan, bk. 6.—Livy, bk. 31, ch. 46; bk. 42, ch. 56.——A citadel of Argos, built by Danaus.

Larissæus. See: Larissa.

Larissus, a river of Peloponnesus flowing between Elis and Achaia. Strabo, bk. 8.—Livy, bk. 27, ch. 31.—Pausanias, bk. 8, ch. 43.

Larius, a large lake of Cisalpine Gaul, through which the Addua runs in its way into the Po, above Cremona. Virgil, Georgics, bk. 2, li. 159.

Larnos, a small desolate island on the coast of Thrace.

Laronia, a shameless courtesan in Juvenal’s age. Juvenal, satire 2, li. 86.

Lars Tolumnius, a king of the Veientes, conquered by the Romans, and put to death, A.U.C. 329. Livy, bk. 4, chs. 17 & 19.

Titus Lartius Flavius, a consul who appeased a sedition raised by the poorer citizens, and was the first dictator ever chosen at Rome, B.C. 498. He made Spurius Cassius his master of horse. Livy, bk. 2, ch. 18.——Spurius, one of the three Romans who alone withstood the fury of Porsenna’s army at the head of a bridge, while the communication was cutting down behind them. His companions were Cocles and Herminius. See: Cocles. Livy, bk. 2, chs. 10 & 18.—Dionysius of Halicarnassus.—Valerius Maximus, bk. 3, ch. 2.——The name of Lartius has been common to many Romans.

Lartolætani, a people of Spain.

Larvæ, a name given to the wicked spirits and apparitions which, according to the notions of the Romans, issued from their graves in the night and came to terrify the world. As the word larva signifies a mask, whose horrid and uncouth appearance often serves to frighten children, that name has been given to the ghosts or spectres which superstition believes to hover around the graves of the dead. Some call them Lemures. Servius, Commentary on the Aeneid of Vergil, bk. 5, li. 64; bk. 6, li. 152.

Larymna, a town of Bœotia, where Bacchus had a temple and a statue.——Another in Caria. Strabo, bks. 9 & 16.—Mela, bk. 1, ch. 16; bk. 2, ch. 3.

Larysium, a mountain of Laconia. Pausanias, bk. 3, ch. 22.

Lassia, an ancient name of Andros.

Lassus, or Lasus, a dithyrambic poet, born at Hermione, in Peloponnesus, about 500 years before Christ, and reckoned among the wise men of Greece by some. He is particularly known by the answer he gave to a man who asked him what could best render life pleasant and comfortable? “Experience.” He was acquainted with music. Some fragments of his poetry are to be found in Athenæus. He wrote an ode upon the Centaurs, and a hymn to Ceres, without inserting the letter S in the composition. Athenæus, bk. 10.

Lasthĕnes, a governor of Olynthus, corrupted by Philip king of Macedonia.——A Cretan demagogue, conquered by Metellus the Roman general.——A cruel minister at the court of the Seleucidæ, kings of Syria.

Lasthĕnīa, a woman who disguised herself to come and hear Plato’s lectures. Diogenes Laërtius.

Latăgus, a king of Pontus, who assisted Æetes against the Argonauts, and was killed by Darapes. Flaccus, bk. 5, li. 584.——One of the companions of Æneas, killed by Mezentius. Virgil, Æneid, bk. 10, li. 697.

Laterānus Plautus, a Roman consul elect, A.D. 65. A conspiracy with Piso against the emperor Nero proved fatal to him. He was led to execution, where he refused to confess the associates of the conspiracy, and did not even frown at the executioner who was as guilty as himself; but when a first blow could not sever his head from his body, he looked at the executioner, and shaking his head, he returned it to the hatchet with the greatest composure, and it was cut off. There exists now a celebrated palace at Rome, which derives its name from its ancient possessors the Laterani.

Latĕrium, the villa of Quintus Cicero at Arpinum, near the Liris. Cicero, Letters to Atticus, bk. 10, ltr. 1; bk. 4, ltr. 7; Letters to his Friends, bk. 3, ltr. 1.—Pliny, bk. 15, ch. 15.

Latiālis, a surname of Jupiter, who was worshipped by the inhabitants of Latium upon mount Albanus at stated times. The festivals, which were first instituted by Tarquin the Proud, lasted 15 days. Livy, bk. 21. See: Feriæ Latinæ.

Latīni, the inhabitants of Latium. See: Latium.

Latīnus Latiaris, a celebrated informer, &c. Tacitus.

Latīnus, a son of Faunus by Marica, king of the Aborigines in Italy, who from him were called Latini. He married Amata, by whom he had a son and a daughter. The son died in his infancy, and the daughter, called Lavinia, was secretly promised in marriage by her mother to Turnus king of the Rutuli, one of her most powerful admirers. The gods opposed this union, and the oracles declared that Lavinia must become the wife of a foreign prince. The arrival of Æneas in Italy seemed favourable to this prediction, and Latinus, by offering his daughter to the foreign prince, and making him his friend and ally, seemed to have fulfilled the commands of the oracle. Turnus, however, disapproved of the conduct of Latinus; he claimed Lavinia as his lawful wife, and prepared to support his cause by arms. Æneas took up arms in his own defence, and Latium was the seat of the war. After mutual losses it was agreed that the quarrel should be decided by the two rivals, and Latinus promised his daughter to the conqueror. Æneas obtained the victory and married Lavinia. Latinus soon after died, and was succeeded by his son-in-law. Virgil, Æneid, bk. 9, &c.—Ovid, Metamorphoses, bk. 13, &c.; Fasti, bk. 2, &c.—Dionysius of Halicarnassus, bk. 1, ch. 13.—Livy, bk. 1, ch. 1, &c.—Justin, bk. 43, ch. 1.——A son of Sylvius Æneas, surnamed also Sylvius. He was the fifth king of the Latins, and succeeded his father. He was father to Alba his successor. Dionysius of Halicarnassus, bk. 1, ch. 15.—Livy, bk. 2, ch. 3.——A son of Ulysses and Circe also bore this name.

Lătium, a country of Italy near the river Tiber. It was originally very circumscribed, extending only from the Tiber to Circeii, but afterwards it comprehended the territories of the Volsci, Æqui, Hernici, Ausones, Umbri, and Rutuli. The first inhabitants were called Aborigines, and received the name of Latini, from Latinus their king. According to others the word is derived from lateo, to conceal, because Saturn concealed himself there when flying the resentment of his son Jupiter. Laurentum was the capital of the country in the reign of Latinus, Lavinium under Æneas, and Alba under Ascanius. See: Alba. The Latins, though originally known only among their neighbours, soon rose in consequence when Romulus had founded the city of Rome in their country. Virgil, Æneid, bk. 7, li. 38; bk. 8, li. 322.—Strabo, bk. 5.—Dionysius of Halicarnassus.—Justin, bk. 20, ch. 1.—Plutarch, Romulus.—Pliny, bk. 3, ch. 12.—Tacitus, bk. 4, Annals, ch. 5.

Latius, a surname of Jupiter at Rome. Statius, bk. 5, Sylvæ, poem 2, li. 392.

Latmus, a mountain of Caria near Miletus. It is famous for the residence of Endymion, whom Diana regularly visited in the night, whence he is often called Latmius Heros. See: Endymion. Mela, bk. 1, ch. 17.—Ovid, Tristia, bk. 2, li. 299; Ars Amatoria, bk. 3, li. 83.—Pliny, bk. 5, ch. 29.—Strabo, bk. 14.—Cicero, bk. 1, Tusculanæ Disputationes, ch. 28.

Latobius, the god of health among the Corinthians.

Latobrigri, a people of Belgic Gaul.

Latōis, a name of Diana, as being the daughter of Latona.——A country house near Ephesus.

Latomiæ. See: ♦Lautumiæ.

♦ ‘Latumiæ’ replaced with ‘Lautumiæ’

Latōna, a daughter of Cœus the Titan and Phœbe, or, according to Homer, of Saturn. She was admired for her beauty, and celebrated for the favours which she granted to Jupiter. Juno, always jealous of her husband’s amours, made Latona the object of her vengeance, and sent the serpent Python to disturb her peace and persecute her. Latona wandered from place to place in the time of her pregnancy, continually alarmed for fear of Python. She was driven from heaven, and Terra, influenced by Juno, refused to give her a place where she might find rest and bring forth. Neptune, moved with compassion, struck with his trident, and made immovable the island of Delos, which before wandered in the Ægean, and appeared sometimes above, and sometimes below, the surface of the sea. Latona, changed into a quail by Jupiter, came to Delos, where she resumed her original shape, and gave birth to Apollo and Diana, leaning against a palm tree or an olive. Her repose was of short duration. Juno discovered the place of her retreat, and obliged her to fly from Delos. She wandered over the greatest part of the world, and in Caria, where her fatigue compelled her to stop, she was insulted and ridiculed by peasants of whom she asked for water, while they were weeding a marsh. Their refusal and insolence provoked her, and she intreated Jupiter to punish their barbarity. They were all changed into frogs. She was exposed to repeated insults by Niobe, who boasted herself greater than the mother of Apollo and Diana, and ridiculed the presents which the piety of her neighbours had offered to Latona. See: Niobe. Her beauty proved fatal to the giant Tityus, whom Apollo and Diana put to death. See: Tityus. At last Latona, though persecuted and exposed to the resentment of Juno, became a powerful deity, and saw her children receive divine honours. Her worship was generally established where her children received adoration, particularly at Argos, Delos, &c., where she had temples. She had an oracle in Egypt, celebrated for the true, decisive answers which it gave. Diodorus, bk. 5.—Herodotus, bk. 2, ch. 155.—Pausanias, bks. 2 & 3.—Homer, Iliad, bk. 21; Hymns to Aphrodite & Artemis.—Hesiod, Theogony.—Apollodorus, bk. 3, chs. 5 & 10.—Ovid, Metamorphoses, bk. 6, li. 160.—Hyginus, fable 140.

Latopŏlis, a city of Egypt. Strabo.

Latous, a name ♦given to Apollo, as son of Latona. Ovid, Metamorphoses, bk. 6, fable 9.

♦ ‘give’ replaced with ‘given’

Latreus, one of the Centaurs, who, after killing Halesus, was himself slain by Cæneus. Ovid, Metamorphoses, bk. 12, li. 463.

Laudămia, a daughter of Alexander king of Epirus, and Olympias daughter of Pyrrhus, killed in a temple of Diana, by the enraged populace. Justin, bk. 28, ch. 3.——The wife of Protesilaus. See: Laodamia.

Laudice. See: Laodice.

Laverna, the goddess of thieves and dishonest persons at Rome. She did not only preside over robbers, called from her Laverniones, but she protected such as deceived others, or performed their secret machinations in obscurity and silence. Her worship was very popular, and the Romans raised her an altar near one of the gates of the city, which from that circumstance was called the gate of Laverna. She was generally represented by a head without a body. Horace, bk. 1, ltr. 16, li. 60.—Varro, de Lingua Latina, bk. 4.——A place mentioned by Plutarch, &c.

Lavernium, a temple of Laverna, near Formiæ. Cicero, bk. 7, Letters to Atticus, ltr. 8.

Laufella, a wanton woman, &c. Juvenal, satire 6, li. 319.

Laviana, a province of Armenia Minor.

Lăvīnia, a daughter of king Latinus and Amata. She was betrothed to her relation king Turnus, but because the oracle ordered her father to marry her to a foreign prince, she was given to Æneas after the death of Turnus. See: Latinus. At her husband’s death she was left pregnant, and being fearful of the tyranny of Ascanius her son-in-law, she fled into the woods, where she brought forth a son called Æneas Sylvius. Dionysius of Halicarnassus, bk. 1.—Virgil, Æneid, bks. 6 & 7.—Ovid, Metamorphoses, bk. 14, li. 507.—Livy, bk. 1, ch. 1.

Lavīnium, or Lavīnum, a town of Italy, built by Æneas, and called by that name in honour of Lavinia, the founder’s wife. It was the capital of Latium during the reign of Æneas. Virgil, Æneid, bk. 1, li. 262.—Strabo, bk. 5.—Dionysius of Halicarnassus, bk. 1.—Livy, bk. 1, ch. 2.—Justin, bk. 43, ch. 2.

Laura, a place near Alexandria in Egypt.

Laureacum, a town at the confluence of the Ens and the Danube, now Lorch.

Laurentālia, certain festivals celebrated at Rome in honour of Laurentia, on the last day of April and the 23rd of December. They were, in process of time, part of the Saturnalia. Ovid, Fasti, bk. 3, li. 57.

Laurentes agri, the country in the neighbourhood of Laurentum. Tibullus, bk. 2, poem 5, li. 41.

Laurentia. See: Acca.

Laurentīni, the inhabitants of Latium. They received this name from the great number of laurels which grew in the country. King Latinus found one of uncommon largeness and beauty, when he was going to build a temple to Apollo, and the tree was consecrated to the god, and preserved with the most religious ceremonies. Virgil, Æneid, bk. 7, li. 59.

Laurentius, belonging to Laurentum or Latium. Virgil, Æneid, bk. 10, li. 709.

Laurentum, now Paterno, the capital of the kingdom of Latium in the reign of Latinus. It is on the sea coast, east of the Tiber. See: Laurentini. Strabo, bk. 5.—Mela, bk. 2, ch. 4.—Livy, bk. 1, ch. 1.—Virgil, Æneid, bk. 7, li. 171.

Laurion, a place of Attica, where were gold mines, from which the Athenians drew considerable revenues, and with which they built their fleets by the advice of Themistocles. These mines failed before the age of Strabo. Thucydides, bk. 2.—Pausanias, bk. 1, ch. 1.—Strabo, bk. 9.

Lauron, a town of Spain, where Pompey’s son was conquered by Cæsar’s army.

Laus, now Laino, a town on the river of the same name, which forms the southern boundary of Lucania. Strabo, bk. 6.

Laus Pompeia, a town of Italy, founded by a colony sent thither by Pompey.

Lausus, a son of Numitor and brother of Ilia. He was put to death by his uncle Amulius, who usurped his father’s throne. Ovid, Fasti, bk. 4, li. 54.——A son of Mezentius king of the Tyrrhenians, killed by Æneas in the war which his father and Turnus made against the Trojans. Virgil, Æneid, bk. 7, li. 649; bk. 10, li. 426, &c.

Lautium, a city of Latium.

Lautumiæ, or Latomiæ, a prison at Syracuse, cut out of the solid rock by Dionysius, and now converted into a subterraneous garden filled with numerous shrubs, flourishing in luxuriant variety. Cicero, Against Verres, bk. 5, ch. 27.—Livy, bk. 26, ch. 27; bk. 32, ch. 26.

Leades, a son of Astacus, who killed Eteoclus. Apollodorus.

Lēæi, a nation of Pæonia, near Macedonia.

Leæna, an Athenian harlot. See: Læna.

Leander, a youth of Abydos, famous for his amours with Hero. See: Hero.——A Milesian who wrote an historical commentary upon his country.

Leandre, a daughter of Amyclas, who married Arcas. Apollodorus.

Leandrias, a Lacedæmonian refugee of Thebes, who declared, according to an ancient oracle, that Sparta would lose the superiority over Greece when conquered by the Thebans at Leuctra. Diodorus, bk. 15.

Leanira, a daughter of Amyclas. See: Leandre.

Learchus, a son of Athamas and Ino, crushed to death against a wall by his father, in a fit of madness. See: Athamas. Ovid, Fasti, bk. 6, li. 490.

Lebădēa, now Lioadias, a town of Bœotia, near mount Helicon. It received this name from the mother of Aspledon, and became famous for the oracle and cave of Trophonius. No moles could live there, according to Pliny. Strabo, bk. 9.—Pliny, bk. 16, ch. 36.—Pausanias, bk. 9, ch. 59.

Lebĕdus, or Lebĕdos, a town of Ionia, at the north of Colophon, where festivals were yearly observed in honour of Bacchus, and where Trophonius had a cave and a temple. Lysimachus destroyed it, and carried part of the inhabitants to Ephesus. It had been founded by an Athenian colony, under one of the sons of Codrus. Strabo, bk. 14.—Horace, bk. 1, ltr. 11, li. 7.—Herodotus, bk. 1, ch. 142.—Cicero, bk. 1, Divination, ch. 33.

Lebēna, a commercial town of Crete, with a temple sacred to Æsculapius. Pausanias, bk. 2, ch. 26.

Lĕbinthos and Lebynthos, an island in the Ægean sea, near Patmos. Strabo, bk. 10.—Mela, bk. 2, ch. 7.—Ovid, Metamorphoses, bk. 8, li. 222.

Lechæum, now Pelago, a port of Corinth in the bay of Corinth. Statius, Thebiad, bk. 2, li. 381.—Livy, bk. 32, ch. 23.

Lectum, a promontory, now cape Baba, separating Troas from Æolia. Livy, bk. 37, ch. 37.

Lecythus, a town of Eubœa.

Leda, a daughter of king Thespius and Eurythemis, who married Tyndarus king of Sparta. She was seen bathing in the river Eurotas by Jupiter, when she was some few days advanced in her pregnancy, and the god, struck with her beauty, resolved to deceive her. He persuaded Venus to change herself into an eagle, while he assumed the form of a swan, and, after this metamorphosis, Jupiter, as if fearful of the tyrannical cruelty of the bird of prey, fled through the air into the arms of Leda, who willingly sheltered the trembling swan from the assaults of his superior enemy. The caresses with which the naked Leda received the swan, enabled Jupiter to avail himself of his situation, and nine months after this adventure, the wife of Tyndarus brought forth two eggs, of one of which sprang Pollux and Helena, and of the other Castor and Clytemnestra. The two former were deemed the offspring of Jupiter, and the others claimed Tyndarus for their father. Some mythologists attributed this amour to Nemesis, and not to Leda; and they further mention, that Leda was entrusted with the education of the children which sprang from the eggs brought forth by Nemesis. See: Helena. To reconcile this diversity of opinions, others maintain that Leda received the name of Nemesis after death. Homer and Hesiod make no mention of the metamorphosis of Jupiter into a swan, whence some have imagined that the fable was unknown to these two ancient poets, and probably invented since their age. Apollodorus, bk. 1, ch. 8; bk. 3, ch. 10.—Ovid, Metamorphoses, bk. 6, li. 109.—Hesiod, bk. 17, li. 55.—Hyginus, fable 77.—Isocrates, Helen.—Homer, Odyssey, bk. 11.—Euripides, Helen.——A famous dancer in the age of Juvenal, satire 6, li. 63.

Ledæa, an epithet given to Hermione, &c., as related to Leda. Virgil, Æneid, bk. 3, li. 328.

Ledus, now Lez, a river of Gaul, near the modern Montpelier. Mela, bk. 2, ch. 5.

Lĕgio, a corps of soldiers in the Roman armies, whose numbers have been different at different times. The legion under Romulus consisted of 3000 foot and 300 horse, and was soon after augmented to 4000, after the admission of the Sabines into the city. When Annibal was in Italy it consisted of 5000 soldiers, and afterwards it decreased to 4000, or 4500. Marius made it consist of 6200, besides 700 horse. This was the period of its greatness in numbers. Livy speaks of 10, and even 18, legions kept at Rome. During the consular government it was usual to levy and fit up four legions, which were divided between the two consuls. This number was, however, often increased, as time and occasion required. Augustus maintained a standing army of 23 or 25 legions, and this number was seldom diminished. In the reign of Tiberius there were 27 legions, and the peace establishment of Adrian maintained no less than 30 of these formidable brigades. They were distributed over the Roman empire, and their stations were settled and permanent. The peace of Britain was protected by three legions; 16 were stationed on the banks of the Rhine and Danube, viz. two in Lower, and three in Upper Germany; one in Noricum, one in Rhætia, three in Mœsia, four in Pannonia, and two in Dacia. Eight were stationed on the Euphrates, six of which remained in Syria, and two in Cappadocia; while the remote provinces of Egypt, Africa, and Spain were guarded each by a single legion. Besides these the tranquillity of Rome was preserved by 20,000 soldiers, who, under the titles of city cohorts and of pretorian guards, watched over the safety of the monarch and of the capital. The legions were distinguished by different appellations, and generally borrowed their name from the order in which they were first raised, as prima, secunda, tertia, quarta, &c. Besides this distinction, another more expressive was generally added, as from the name of the emperor who embodied them, as Augusta, Claudiana, Galbiana, Flavia, Ulpia, Trajana, Antoniana, &c.; from the provinces or quarters where they were stationed, as Britannica, Cyreniaca, Gallica, &c.; from the provinces which had been subdued by their valour, as Parthica, Scythica, Arabica, Africana, &c.; from the names of the deities whom their generals particularly worshipped, as Minervia, Apollinaris, &c.; or from more trifling accidents, as Martia, Fulminatrix, Rapax, Adjutrix, &c. Each legion was divided into 10 cohorts, each cohort into three manipuli, and every manipulus into two centuries or ordines. The chief commander of the legion was called legatus, lieutenant. The standards borne by the legions were various. In the first ages of Rome a wolf was the standard, in honour of Romulus; after that a hog, because that animal was generally sacrificed at the conclusion of a treaty, and therefore it indicated that war is undertaken for the obtaining of peace. A minotaur was sometimes the standard, to intimate the secrecy with which the general was to act, in commemoration of the labyrinth. Sometimes a horse or boar was used, till the age of Marius, who changed all these for the eagle, being a representation of that bird in silver, holding sometimes a thunderbolt in its claws. The Roman eagle ever after remained in use, though Trajan made use of the dragon.

Leitus, or Letus, a commander of the Bœotians at the siege of Troy. He was saved from the victorious hand of Hector and from death by Idomeneus. Homer, Iliad, bks. 2, 6 & 17.——One of the Argonauts, son of Alector. Apollodorus, bk. 2, ch. 9.

Lelaps, a dog that never failed to seize and conquer whatever animal he was ordered to pursue. It was given to Procris by Diana, and Procris reconciled herself to her husband by presenting him with that valuable present. According to some, Procris had received it from Minos, as a reward for the dangerous wounds of which she had cured him. Hyginus, fable 128.—Ovid, Metamorphoses, bk. 7, li. 771.—Pausanias, bk. 9, ch. 19.——One of Actæon’s dogs. Ovid, Metamorphoses, bk. 3, li. 211.

Lĕlĕges (a λεγω, to gather), a wandering people, composed of different unconnected nations. They were originally inhabitants of Caria, and went to the Trojan war with Altes their king. Achilles plundered their country, and obliged them to retire to the neighbourhood of Halicarnassus, where they fixed their habitation. The inhabitants of Laconia and Megara bore this name for some time, from Lelex, one of their kings. Strabo, bks. 7 & 8.—Homer, Iliad, bk. 21, li. 85.—Pliny, bk. 4, ch. 7; bk. 5, ch. 30.—Virgil, Æneid, bk. 8, li. 725.—Pausanias, bk. 3, ch. 1.

Lelegeis, a name applied to Miletus, because once possessed by the Leleges. Pliny, bk. 5, ch. 29.

Lelex, an Egyptian, who came with a colony to Megara, where he reigned about 200 years before the Trojan war. His subjects were called from him Leleges, and the place Lelegeia mœnia. Pausanias, bk. 3, ch. 1.——A Greek, who was the first king of Laconia in Peloponnesus. His subjects were also called Leleges, and the country where he reigned Lelegia. Pausanias.

Lemanis, a place in Britain, where Cæsar is supposed to have first landed, and therefore placed by some at Lime in Kent.

Lemannus, a lake in the country of the Allobroges, through which the Rhone flows by Geneva. It is now called the lake of Geneva or Lausanne. Lucan, bk. 1, li. 396.—Mela, bk. 2, ch. 5.

Lemnos, an island in the Ægean sea between Tenedos, Imbros, and Samothrace. It was sacred to Vulcan, called Lemnius pater, who fell there when kicked down from heaven by Jupiter. See: Vulcanus. It was celebrated for two horrible massacres; that of the Lemnian women murdering their husbands [See: ♦Hypsipyle], and that of the Lemnians, or Pelasgi, in killing all the children they had had by some Athenian women, whom they had carried away to become their wives. These two acts of cruelty have given rise to the proverb of Lemnian actions, which is applied to all barbarous and inhuman deeds. The first inhabitants of Lemnos were the Pelasgi, or rather the Thracians, who were murdered by their wives. After them came the children of the Lemnian widows by the Argonauts, whose descendants were at last expelled by the Pelasgi, about 1100 years before the christian era. Lemnos is about 112 miles in circumference, according to Pliny, who says that it is often shadowed by mount Athos, though at the distance of 87 miles. It has been called ♦Hypsipyle, from queen ♦Hypsipyle. It is famous for a certain kind of earth or chalk, called terra Lemnia or terra sigillata, from the seal or impression which it can bear. As the inhabitants were blacksmiths, the poets have taken occasion to fix the forges of Vulcan in that island, and to consecrate the whole country to his divinity. Lemnos is also celebrated for a labyrinth, which, according to some traditions, surpassed those of Crete and Egypt. Some remains of it were still visible in the age of Pliny. The island of Lemnos, now called Stalimene, was reduced under the power of Athens by Miltiades, and the Carians, who then inhabited it, were obliged to emigrate. Virgil, Æneid, bk. 8, li. 454.—Homer, Iliad, bk. 1, li. 593.—Cornelius Nepos, Miltiades.—Strabo, bks. 1, 2, & 7.—Herodotus, bk. 6, ch. 140.—Mela, bk. 2, ch. 7.—Apollonius, bk. 1, Argonautica.—Flaccus, bk. 2, li. 78.—Ovid, Ars Amatoria, bk. 3, li. 672.—Statius, bk. 3, Thebiad, li. 274.

♦ ‘Hipsipyle’ replaced with ‘Hypsipyle’ for consistency

Lemovices, a people of Gaul, now Limousin and Limoges. Cæsar, Gallic War, bk. 7; ch. 4.

Lemovii, a nation of Germany. Tacitus, Germania.

Lĕmŭres, the manes of the dead. The ancients supposed that the souls after death wandered all over the world, and disturbed the peace of its inhabitants. The good spirits were called Lares familiares, and the evil ones were known by the name of Larvæ, or Lemures. They terrified the good, and continually haunted the wicked and impious; and the Romans had the superstition to celebrate festivals in their honour, called Lemuria, or ♦Lemuralia, in the month of May. They were first instituted by Romulus to appease the manes of his brother Remus, from whom they were called Remuria, and, by corruption, Lemuria. These solemnities continued three nights, during which the temples of the gods were shut and marriages prohibited. It was usual for the people to throw black beans on the graves of the deceased, or to burn them, as the smell was supposed to be insupportable to them. They also muttered magical words, and, by beating kettles and drums, they believed that the ghosts would depart and no longer come to terrify their relations upon earth. Ovid, Fasti, bk. 5, li. 421, &c.—Horace, bk. 2, ltr. 2, li. 209.—Persius, bk. 5, li. 185.

♦ ‘Lemurialia’ replaced with ‘Lemuralia’

Lĕmūria and Lĕmŭrālia. See: Lemures.

Lenæus, a surname of Bacchus, from ληνος, a wine-press. There was a festival called Lenæa, celebrated in his honour, in which the ceremonies observed at the other festivals of the god chiefly prevailed. There were, besides, poetical contentions, &c. Pausanias.—Virgil, Georgics, bk. 2, li. 4; Æneid, bk. 4, li. 207.—Ovid, Metamorphoses, bk. 4, li. 14.——A learned grammarian, ordered by Pompey to translate into Latin some of the physical manuscripts of Mithridates king of Pontus.

Lentŭlus, a celebrated family at Rome, which produced many great men in the commonwealth. The most illustrious were Lucius Cornelius Lentulus, a consul, A.U.C. 427, who dispersed some robbers who infested Umbria.——Batiatus Lentulus, a man who trained up some gladiators at Capua, which escaped from his school.——Cornelius Lentulus, surnamed Sura. He joined in Catiline’s conspiracy, and assisted in corrupting the Allobroges. He was convicted in full senate by Cicero, and put in prison and afterwards executed.——A consul who triumphed over the Samnites.——Cnæus Lentulus, surnamed Gætulicus, was made consul A.D. 26, and was some time after put to death by Tiberius, who was jealous of his great popularity. He wrote a history mentioned by Suetonius, and attempted also poetry.——Lucius Lentulus, a friend of Pompey, put to death in Africa.——Publius Cornelius Lentulus, a pretor, defeated by the rebellious slaves in Sicily.——Lentulus Spinther, a senator, kindly used by Julius Cæsar, &c.——A tribune at the battle of Cannæ.——Publius Lentulus, a friend of Brutus, mentioned by Cicero (On Oratory, bk. 1, ch. 48) as a great and consummate statesman.——Besides these, there are a few others, whose name is only mentioned in history, and whose life was not marked by any uncommon event. The consulship was in the family of the Lentuli in the years of Rome 427, 479, 517, 518, 553, 555, 598, &c. Tacitus, Annals.—Livy.—Florus.—Pliny.—Plutarch.—Eutropius.

Leo, a native of Byzantium, who flourished 350 years before the christian era. His philosophical and political talents endeared him to his countrymen, and he was always sent upon every important occasion as ambassador to Athens, or to the court of Philip king of Macedonia. This monarch, well acquainted with the abilities of Leo, was sensible that his views and claims to Byzantium would never succeed while it was protected by the vigilance of such a patriotic citizen. To remove him he had recourse to artifice and perfidy. A letter was forged, in which Leo made solemn promises of betraying his country to the king of Macedonia for money. This was no sooner known than the people ran enraged to the house of Leo, and the philosopher, to avoid their fury, and without attempting his justification, strangled himself. He had written some treatises upon physic, and also the history of his country, and the wars of Philip in seven books, which have been lost. Plutarch.——A Corinthian at Syracuse, &c.——A king of Sparta.——A son of Eurycrates. Athenæus, bk. 12.—Philostratus.——An emperor of the east, surnamed the Thracian. He reigned 17 years, and died A.D. 474, being succeeded by Leo II. for 10 months, and afterwards by Zeno.

Leocorion, a monument and temple erected by the Athenians to Pasithea, Theope, and Eubele, daughters of Leos, who immolated themselves when an oracle had ordered that, to stop the raging pestilence, some of the blood of the citizens must be shed. Ælian, bk. 12, ch. 28.—Cicero, de Natura Deorum, bk. 3, ch. 19.

Leocrătes, an Athenian general, who flourished B.C. 460, &c. Diodorus, bk. 11.

Leodămas, a son of Eteocles, one of the seven Theban chiefs who defended the city against the Argives. He killed Ægialeus, and was himself killed by Alcmæon.——A son of Hector and Andromache. Dictys Cretensis.

Leodŏcus, one of the Argonauts. Flaccus.

Leogŏras, an Athenian debauchee, who maintained the courtesan Myrrhina.

Leon, a king of Sparta. Herodotus, bk. 7, ch. 204.——A town of Sicily, near Syracuse. Livy, bk. 24, ch. 25.

Leona, a courtesan, called also Læna. See: Læna.

Leonătus, one of Alexander’s generals. His father’s name was Eunus. He distinguished himself in Alexander’s conquest of Asia, and once saved the king’s life in a dangerous battle. After the death of Alexander, at the general division of the provinces, he received for his portion that part of Phrygia which borders on the Hellespont. He was empowered by Perdiccas to assist Eumenes in making himself master of the province of Cappadocia, which had been allotted to him. Like the rest of the generals of Alexander, he was ambitious of power and dominion. He aspired to the sovereignty of Macedonia, and secretly communicated to Eumenes the different plans he meant to pursue to execute his designs. He passed from Asia into Europe to assist Antipater against the Athenians, and was killed in a battle which was fought soon after his arrival. Historians have mentioned, as an instance of the luxury of Leonatus, that he employed a number of camels to procure some earth from Egypt to wrestle upon, as, in his opinion, it seemed better calculated for that purpose. Plutarch, Alexander.—Curtius, bk. 3, ch. 12; bk. 6, ch. 8.—Justin, bk. 13, ch. 2.—Diodorus, bk. 18.—Cornelius Nepos, Eumenes.——A Macedonian with Pyrrhus in Italy against the Romans.

Leonĭdas, a celebrated king of Lacedæmon, of the family of the Eurysthenidæ, sent by his countrymen to oppose Xerxes king of Persia, who had invaded Greece with about five millions of souls. He was offered the kingdom of Greece by the enemy, if he would not oppose his views; but Leonidas heard the proposal with indignation, and observed, that he preferred death for his country, to an unjust though extensive dominion over it. Before the engagement Leonidas exhorted his soldiers, and told them all to dine heartily, as they were to sup in the realms of Pluto. The battle was fought at Thermopylæ, and the 300 Spartans who alone had refused to abandon the scene of action, withstood the enemy with such vigour, that they were obliged to retire wearied and conquered during three successive days, till Ephialtes, a Trachinian, had the perfidy to conduct a detachment of Persians by a secret path up the mountains, whence they suddenly fell upon the rear of the Spartans, and crushed them to pieces. Only one escaped of the 300; he returned home, where he was treated with insult and reproaches, for flying ingloriously from a battle in which his brave companions, with their royal leader, had perished. This celebrated battle, which happened 480 years before the christian era, taught the Greeks to despise the number of the Persians, and to rely upon their own strength, and intrepidity. Temples were raised to the fallen hero, and festivals, called Leonidea, yearly celebrated at Sparta, in which free-born youths contended. Leonidas, as he departed for the battle from Lacedæmon, gave no other injunction to his wife but, after his death, to marry a man of virtue and honour, to raise from her children deserving of the name and greatness of her first husband. Herodotus, bk. 7, ch. 120, &c.—Cornelius Nepos, Themistocles.—Justin, bk. 2.—Valerius Maximus, bk. 1, ch. 6.—Pausanias, bk. 3, ch. 4.—Plutarch, Lycurgus & Cleomenes.——A king of Sparta after Areus II., ♦257 years before Christ. He was driven from his kingdom by Cleombrotus his son-in-law, and afterwards re-established.——A preceptor to Alexander the Great.——A friend of Parmenio, appointed commander, by Alexander, of the soldiers who lamented the death of Parmenio, and who formed a separate cohort. Curtius, bk. 7, ch. 2.——A learned man of Rhodes, greatly commended by Strabo, &c.

♦ omitted word ‘years’ added

Leontium and Leontīni, a town of Sicily, about five miles distant from the sea-shore. It was built by a colony from Chalcis in Eubæa, and was, according to some accounts, once the habitation of the Lætrygones, for which reason the neighbouring fields are often called Læstrygonii campi. The country was extremely fruitful, whence Cicero calls it the grand magazine of Sicily. The wine which it produced was the best of the island. The people of Leontium implored the assistance of the Athenians against the Syracusans, B.C. 427. Thucydides, bk. 6.—Polybius, bk. 7.—Ovid, Fasti, bk. 4, li. 467.—Silius Italicus, bk. 14, li. 126.—Cicero, Against Verres, bk. 5.

Leontium, a celebrated courtesan of Athens, who studied philosophy under Epicurus, and became one of his most renowned pupils. She prostituted herself to the philosopher’s scholars, and even to Epicurus himself, if we believe the reports which were raised by some of his enemies. See: Epicurus. Metrodorus shared her favours in the most unbounded manner, and by him she had a son, to whom Epicurus was so partial, that he recommended him to his executors on his dying bed. Leontium not only professed herself a warm admirer and follower of the doctrines of Epicurus, but she even wrote a book in support of them against Theophrastus. This book was valuable, if we believe the testimony and criticism of Cicero, who praised the purity and elegance of its style, and the truly Attic turn of the expressions. Leontium had also a daughter called Danae, who married Sophron. Cicero, de Natura Deorum, bk. 1, ch. 33.

Leontocephălus, a strongly fortified city of Phrygia. Plutarch.

Leonton, or Leontopŏlis, a town of Egypt where lions were worshipped. Ælian, De Natura Animalium, bk. 12, ch. 7.—Pliny, bk. 5, ch. 10.

Leontychides. See: Leotychides.

Leos, a son of Orpheus, who immolated his three daughters for the good of Athens. See: Leocorion.

Leosthĕnes, an Athenian general, who, after Alexander’s death, drove Antipater to Thessaly, where he besieged him in the town of Lamia. The success which for a while attended his arms was soon changed by a fatal blow, which he received from a stone thrown by the besieged, B.C. 323. The death of Leosthenes was followed by the total defeat of the Athenian forces. The funeral oration over his body was pronounced at Athens by Hyperides, in the absence of Demosthenes, who had been lately banished for taking a bribe from Harpalus. See: Lamiacum. Diodorus, bks. 17 & 18.—Strabo, bk. 9.——Another general of Athens, condemned on account of the bad success which attended his arms against Peparethos.

Leotychĭdes, a king of Sparta, son of Menares, of the family of the Proclidæ. He was set over the Grecian fleet, and, by his courage and valour, he put an end to the Persian war at the famous battle of Mycale. It is said that he cheered the spirits of his fellow-soldiers at Mycale, who were anxious for their countrymen in Greece, by raising a report that a battle had been fought at Platæa, in which the barbarians had been defeated. This succeeded, and though the information was premature, yet a battle was fought at Platæa, in which the Greeks obtained the victory the same day that the Persian fleet was destroyed at Mycale. Leotychides was accused of a capital crime by the Ephori, and, to avoid the punishment which his guilt seemed to deserve, he fled to the temple of Minerva at Tegea, where he perished, B.C. 469, after a reign of 22 years. He was succeeded by his grandson Archidamus. Pausanias, bk. 3, chs. 7 & 8.—Diodorus, bk. 11.——A son of Agis king of Sparta by Timæa. The legitimacy of his birth was disputed by some, and it was generally believed that he was the son of Alcibiades. He was prevented from ascending the throne of Sparta by Lysander, though Agis had declared him upon his death-bed his lawful son and heir, and Agesilaus was appointed in his place. Cornelius Nepos, Agesilaus.—Plutarch.—Pausanias, bk. 3, ch. 8.

Lephyrium, a city of Cilicia.

Lepĭda, a noble woman, accused of attempts to poison her husband, from whom she had been separated for 20 years. She was condemned under Tiberius. Tacitus, Annals, bk. 3, ch. 22.——A woman who married Scipio.——Domitia, a daughter of Drusus and Antonia, great niece to Augustus, and aunt to the emperor Nero. She is described by Tacitus as a common prostitute, infamous in her manners, violent in her temper, and yet celebrated for her beauty. She was put to death by means of her rival Agrippina, Nero’s mother. Tacitus.——A wife of Galba the emperor.——A wife of Cassius, &c.

Lepĭdus Marcus Æmĭlius, a Roman, celebrated as being one of the triumvirs with Augustus and Antony. He was of an illustrious family, and, like the rest of his contemporaries, he was remarkable for his ambition, to which were added a narrowness of mind, and a great deficiency of military abilities. He was sent against Cæsar’s murderers, and some time after, he leagued with Marcus Antony, who had gained the heart of his soldiers by artifice, and that of their commander by his address. When his influence and power among the soldiers had made him one of the triumvirs, he showed his cruelty, like his colleagues, by his proscriptions, and even suffered his own brother to be sacrificed to the dagger of the triumvirate. He received Africa as his portion in the division of the empire; but his indolence soon rendered him despicable in the eyes of his soldiers and of his colleagues; and Augustus, who was well acquainted with the unpopularity of Lepidus, went to his camp and obliged him to resign the power to which he was entitled as being a triumvir. After this degrading event, he sunk into obscurity, and retired, by order of Augustus, to Cerceii, a small town on the coast of Latium, where he ended his days in peace, B.C. 13, and where he was forgotten as soon as out of power. Appian.—Plutarch, Life of Augustus.—Florus, bk. 4, chs. 6 & 7.——A Roman consul, sent to be the guardian of young Ptolemy Epiphanes, whom his father had left to the care of the Roman people. Tacitus, Annals, bk. 2, ch. 67.—Justin, bk. 30, ch. 3.——A son of Julia the granddaughter of Augustus. He was intended by Caius as his successor in the Roman empire. He committed adultery with Agrippina when young. Dio Cassius, bk. 59.——An orator mentioned by Cicero, Brutus.——A censor, A.U.C. 734.

Lepīnus, a mountain of Italy. Columella, bk. 10.

Lepontii, a people at the source of the Rhine. Pliny, bk. 3, ch. 20.

Lepreos, a son of Pyrgeus, who built a town in Elis, which he called after his own name. He laid a wager that he would eat as much as Hercules; upon which he killed an ox and ate it up. He afterwards challenged Hercules to a trial of strength, and was killed. Pausanias, bk. 5, ch. 5.

Leprium, or Lepreos, a town of Elis. Cicero, bk. 6, Letters to Atticus, ltr. 2.—Pliny, bk. 4, ch. 5.

Leptĭnes, a general of Demetrius, who ordered Cnæus Octavius, one of the Roman ambassadors, to be put to death.——A son of Hermocrates of Syracuse, brother to Dionysius. He was sent by his brother against the Carthaginians, and experienced so much success, that he sunk 50 of their ships. He was afterwards defeated by Mago, and banished by Dionysius. He always continued a faithful friend to the interests of his brother, though naturally an avowed enemy to tyranny and oppression. He was killed in a battle with the Carthaginians. Diodorus, bk. 15.——A famous orator at Athens, who endeavoured to set the people free from oppressive taxes. He was opposed by Demosthenes.——A tyrant of Appollonia in Sicily, who surrendered to Timoleon. Diodorus, bk. 16.

Leptis, the name of two cities of Africa, one of which, called Major, now Lebida, was near the Syrtes, and had been built by a Tyrian or Sidonian colony. The other, called Minor, now Lemta, was about 18 Roman miles from Adrumentum. It paid every day a talent to the republic of Carthage, by way of tribute. Lucan, bk. 2, li. 251.—Pliny, bk. 5, ch. 19.—Sallust, Jugurthine War, ch. 77.—Mela, bk. 1, ch. 8.—Strabo, bk. 3, li. 256.—Cæsar. Civil Wars, bk. 2, ch. 38.—Cicero, bk. 5, Against Verres, ch. 59.

Leria, an island in the Ægean sea, on the coast of Caria, about 18 miles in circumference, peopled by a Milesian colony. Its inhabitants were very dishonest. Strabo, bk. 10.—Herodotus, bk. 5, ch. 125.

Lerĭna, or Planasia, a small island in the Mediterranean, on the coast of Gaul, at the east of the Rhone. Tacitus, Annals, bk. 1, ch. 3.

Lerna, a country of Argolis, celebrated for a grove and a lake, where, according to the poets, the Danaides threw the heads of their murdered husbands. It was there also that Hercules killed the famous hydra. Virgil, Æneid, bk. 6, li. 803; bk. 12, li. 517.—Strabo, bk. 8.—Mela, bk. 2, ch. 3.—Ovid, Metamorphoses, bk. 1, li. 597.—Lucretius, bk. 5.—Statius, Thebiad, bk. 4, li. 638.—Apollodorus, bk. 2, ch. 15.——There was a festival, called Lernæa, celebrated there in honour of Bacchus, Proserpine, and Ceres. The Argives used to carry fire to this solemnity from a temple upon mount Crathis, dedicated to Diana. Pausanias.

Lero, a small island on the coast of Gaul, called also Lerina.

Leros. See: Leria.

Lesbos, a large island in the Ægean sea, now known by the name of Metelin, 168 miles in circumference. It has been severally called Ægira, Lasia, Æthiope, and Pelasgia, from the Pelasgi, by whom it was first peopled, Macaria, from Macareus who settled in it, and Lesbos, from the son-in-law and successor of Macareus, who bore the same name. The chief towns of Lesbos were Methymna and Mitylene. Lesbos was originally governed by kings, but they were afterwards subjected to the neighbouring powers. The wine which it produced was greatly esteemed by the ancients, and still is in the same repute among the moderns. The Lesbians were celebrated among the ancients for their skill in music, and their women for their beauty; but the general character of the people was so debauched and dissipated, that the epithet of Lesbian was often used to signify debauchery and extravagance. Lesbos has given birth to many illustrious persons, such as Arion, Terpander, &c. The best verses were by way of eminence often called Lesboum carmen, from Alcæus and Sappho, who distinguished themselves for their poetical compositions, and were also natives of the place. Diodorus, bk. 5.—Strabo, bk. 13.—Virgil, Georgics, bk. 2, li. 90.—Horace, bk. 1, ltr. 11.—Herodotus, bk. 1, ch. 160.

Lesbus, or Lesbos, a son of Lapithas, grandson of Æolus, who married Methymna daughter of Macareus. He succeeded his father-in-law, and gave his name to the island over which he reigned.

Lesches, a Greek poet of Lesbos, who flourished B.C. 600. Some suppose him to be the author of the little Iliad, of which only few verses remain, quoted by Pausanias, bk. 10, ch. 25.

Lestrȳgŏnes. See: Læstrygones.

Letānum, a town of Propontis, built by the Athenians.

Lethæus, a river of Lydia, flowing by Magnesia into the Mæander. Strabo, bk. 10, &c.——Another of Macedonia,——of Crete.

Lēthe, one of the rivers of hell, whose waters the souls of the dead drank after they had been confined for a certain space of time in Tartarus. It had the power of making them forget whatever they had done, seen, or heard before, as the name implies, ληθη, oblivion.——Lethe is a river of Africa, near the Syrtes, which runs under the ground, and some time after rises again, whence the origin of the fable of the Lethean streams of oblivion.——There is also a river of that name in Spain.——Another in Bœotia, whose waters were drunk by those who consulted the oracle of Trophonius. Lucan, bk. 9, li. 355.—Ovid, Tristia, bk. 4, poem 1, li. 47.—Virgil, Georgics, bk. 4, li. 545; Æneid, bk. 6, li. 714.—Silius Italicus, bk. 1, li. 235; bk. 10, li. 555.—Pausanias, bk. 9, ch. 39.—Horace, bk. 4, ode 7, li. 27.

Letus, a mountain of Liguria. Livy, bk. 41, ch. 18.