American politics (non-partisan) from the beginning to date

• Confederation, articles of, 4008
• Declaration of Independence, 4003
• Jefferson’s Manual
  • Absence, Sec. 8, 4026
  • Adjournment, Sec. 50, 4052
  • Address, Sec. 10, 4027
  • Amendment, Sec. 35, 4041
  • Amendment between the Houses, Sec. 45, 4048
  • Arrangement of business, Sec. 14, 4029
  • Assent, Sec. 48, 4050
  • Bills, Sec. 22, 4033
  • Bills, commitment, Sec. 26, 4034
  • Bills, first reading, Sec. 24, 4033
  • Bills, second reading, Sec. 25, 4033
  • Bills, third reading, Sec. 40, 4044
  • Bills, second reading in the House, Sec. 31, 4037
  • Bills, leave to bring in, Sec. 23, 4033
  • Bills, recommitment, Sec. 28, 4035
  • Bills, Report taken up, Sec. 29, 4036
  • Bills sent to the other House, Sec. 44, 4048
  • Call of the House, Sec. 7, 4026
  • Co-existing Questions, Sec. 37, 4043
  • Committees, Sec. 11, 4027
  • Committee of the Whole, Sec. 12, 4027
  • Conferences, Sec. 46, 4049
  • Division of the House, Sec. 41, 4045
  • Division of the Question, Sec. 36, 4043
  • Elections, Sec. 4, 4025
  • Equivalent Questions, Sec. 38, 4044
  • Examination of Witnesses, Sec. 13, 4028
  • Impeachment, Sec. 53, 4054
  • Importance of adhering to rules, Sec. 1, 4022
  • Journals, Sec. 49, 4051
  • Legislature, Sec. 2, 4022
  • Messages, Sec. 47, 4050
  • Motions, Sec. 20, 4033
  • Order, Sec. 15, 4029
  • Order, in debate, Sec. 17, 4030
  • Order, respecting papers, Sec. 16, 4030
  • Orders of the House, Sec. 18, 4032
  • Petition, Sec. 19, 4032
  • Previous Questions, Sec. 34, 4040
  • Privilege, Sec. 3, 4023
  • Privileged Questions, Sec. 33, 4038
  • Qualification, Sec. 5, 4025
  • Quasi-Committee, Sec. 30, 4036
  • Question, the, Sec. 39, 4044
  • Quorum, Sec. 6, 4026
  • Reading Papers, Sec. 32, 4037
  • Reconsideration, Sec. 43, 4047
  • Report of Committee, Sec. 27, 4035
  • Resolutions, Sec. 21, 4033
  • Session, a, Sec. 51, 4052
  • Speaker, Sec. 9, 4026
  • Titles, Sec. 42, 4047
  • Treaties, Sec. 52, 4052
  • Ordinance of 1787, 4010
  • Ratification of Constitution, 4020
  • Ratification of amendment to Constitution, 4025

INDEX TO THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES.

• Art. Sec. Page.
• Arts and sciences, to be promoted, 1 8 15
• Acts, records, and judicial proceedings of each State entitled to faith and credit in other States, 4 1 17
• Amendments to the Constitution, how made, 5 1 18
  • made, .. .. 19
• Appointments to be made by the President, 2 2 16
• Apportionment of representatives, 1 2 13
• Appropriations by law, 1 9 15
• Appropriation for army not to exceed two years, 1 8 15
• Armies, Congress to raise and support, 1 8 15
• Arms, right of the people to keep and bear, .. .. 19
• Assemble, people may, .. .. 19
• Attainder, bill of, prohibited to Congress, 1 9 15
  • • prohibited to the States, 1 10 16
  • of treason shall not work corruption of blood or forfeiture, except during the life of the person attainted, 3 3 17
• Bail, excessive, not required, .. .. 19
• Bankruptcy laws to be uniform, 1 8 15
• Bills for raising revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives, 1 7 14
  • before they become laws, shall be passed by both houses and approved by the President; or, if disapproved, shall be passed by two-thirds of each house, 1 7 14
  • not returned in ten days, unless an adjournment intervene, shall be laws, 1 7 15
• Borrow money, Congress may, 1 8 15
• Capitation tax, apportionment of, 1 9 15
• Census, or enumeration, to be made every ten years, 1 2 13
• Citizens of the United States, who are, (14th amendment), .. 1 20
  • privileges or immunities of, not to be abridged by any State (14th amendment), .. 1 20
• Citizens of United States, not to be abridged on account of color, race, or previous condition of servitude, (15th amendment), .. .. 20
• Citizens of each State shall be entitled to the privileges and immunities of citizens in the several States, 4 2 17
• Claims, no prejudice to certain, 4 3 17
  • of the United States, or of the several States, not to be prejudiced by any construction of the Constitution, 4 3 18
• Coasting trade, regulations respecting, 1 9 15
• Coin, Congress fix value of foreign, 1 8 15
• Commerce, Congress to regulate, 1 8 15
  • regulations respecting, to be equal and uniform, 1 9 15
• Commissions to be granted by the President, 2 3 17
• Common law recognized and established, (7th amendment), .. .. 19
• Congress vested with power, 1 1 13
  • may alter the regulations of State legislatures concerning elections of senators and representatives, except as to place of choosing senators, 1 4 14
  • shall assemble once every year, 1 4 14
  • officers of government cannot be members of, 1 6 14
  • may provide for cases of removal, death, &c., of President and Vice-President, 2 1 16
  • may determine the time of choosing electors of President and Vice-President, 2 1 16
  • may invest the appointment of inferior officers in the President alone, in the courts of law, or the heads of departments, 2 2 16
  • may establish courts inferior to the Supreme Court, 3 1 17
  • may declare the punishment of treason, 3 3 17
  • may prescribe the manner of proving the acts and records of each State, 4 1 17
  • to assent to the formation of new States, 4 3 18
  • may propose amendments to Constitution or call a convention, 5 1 18
  • to lay and collect duties, 1 8 15
  • to borrow money, 1 8 15
  • to regulate commerce, 1 8 15
  • to establish uniform laws of bankruptcy and naturalization, 1 8 15
  • to coin money, to regulate the value of coin, and fix a standard of weights and measures, 1 8 15
  • to punish counterfeiting, 1 8 15
  • to constitute tribunals inferior to the Supreme Court, 1 8 15
  • to define and punish piracies, felonies on the high seas, and offenses against the laws of nations, 1 8 15
  • to establish post offices and post roads, 1 8 15
  • to authorize patents to authors and inventors, 1 8 15
  • to declare war, grant letters of marque, and make rules concerning captures, 1 8 15
  • to raise and support armies, 1 8 15
  • to provide and maintain a navy, 1 8 15
  • to make rules for the government of the army and navy, 1 8 15
  • to call out the militia in certain cases, 1 8 15
  • to organize, arm, and discipline militia, 1 8 15
  • to exercise exclusive legislation over seat of government, 1 8 15
  • to pass laws necessary to carry the enumerated powers into effect, 1 8 15
  • to dispose of and make rules concerning the territory or other property of the United States, 4 3 18
  • President may convene and adjourn in certain cases, 2 3 17
  • may enforce prohibition of slavery by appropriate legislation, (amendment), 13 2 20
• Congress may, by a two-third’s vote, remove disability of persons who engaged in rebellion, (14th amendment), 14 8 20
  • shall have power, by appropriate legislation, to enforce the provisions of Article XIV, (14th amendment), 14 5 20
  • shall have power to enforce the provisions of Article XV, (15th amendment), 15 2 20
  • representation in, how apportioned, (14th amendment), .. 2 20
• Constitution, how amended, 5 1 18
  • laws and treaties declared to be the supreme law, 6 1 18
  • rendered operative by the ratification of nine States, 7 1 18
• Contracts, no law impairing, 1 10 16
• Conventions for proposing amendments to the Constitution, 5 1 18
• Counterfeiting, Congress to provide for punishment of, 1 8 15
• Court, Supreme, its original and appellate jurisdiction, 3 2 17
• Courts inferior to the Supreme Court may be ordained by Congress, 1 8 15
  • Ditto Ditto, 3 1 17
• Crimes, persons accused of, fleeing from justice, may be demanded, 4 2 17
  • how to be tried, 3 2 17
• Criminal prosecutions, proceedings in cases of, .. .. 19
• Debts against the confederation to be valid, 6 1 18
• Debt, public, authorized by law, shall not be questioned, (14th amendment), .. 4 20
  • incurred in aid of rebellion not to be assumed or paid, (14th amendment), .. 4 20
• Disability of persons who engaged in rebellion (14th amendment), .. 3 20
• Duties to be laid by Congress, and to be uniform, 1 8 15
  • further provision respecting, 1 9 15
  • cannot be laid by the States, 1 10 16
  • on exports prohibited, 1 9 15
  • on imports and exports imposed by States shall inure to the treasury of the United States, 1 10 16
• Elections of Senators and representative shall be prescribed by the States, 1 4 14
  • qualifications and returns of members of Congress to be determined by each house, 1 5 14
• Electors of President and Vice-President, how chosen, and their duties, 2 1 16
  • altered (see 12th amendment), .. .. 19
  • to vote the same day throughout the United States, 2 1 16
  • no senator or representative, or public officer, shall serve as, 2 1 16
• Enumeration every ten years, 1 2 13
• Executive power vested in the President, (see President), 2 1 16
• Exports not to be taxed, 1 9 15
  • and imports, States prohibited from laying duties on, 1 10 16
• Ex post facto law, none shall be passed, 1 9 15
  • prohibited to States, 1 10 16
• Fines, excessive prohibited, .. .. 19
• Fugitives from justice to be delivered up, 4 2 17
  • from service may be reclaimed, 4 2 17
• Habeas corpus, writ of, can be suspended in cases of rebellion or invasion, 1 9 15
• House of Representatives. (See Representatives.)
• Impeachment to be brought by House of Representatives, 1 2 13
  • tried by the Senate, 1 3 14
• Impeachment, judgment on, 1 3 14
  • all civil officers liable to, 2 4 17
• Importation of slaves, not prohibited till 1808, 1 9 15
• Judges shall hold their office during good behavior, 3 1 17
  • their compensation, 3 1 17
• Judiciary—tribunals inferior to Supreme Court may be created, 1 8 15
• Judicial power vested in a Supreme Court and courts inferior, 3 1 17
  • powers of the judiciary, 3 2 17
  • restriction as to suits against a State, .. .. 19
• Judicial proceedings of each State are entitled to faith and credit in every State, 4 1 17
• Jury trial secured, and shall be held in the State where the crime shall have been committed, 3 2 17
  • further regulated, (6th amendment), .. .. 19
  • secured in suits at common law where the value of controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, (7th amendment), .. .. 19
• Law, what is declared the supreme, 6 1 18
  • common, recognized and established, (7th amendment), .. ..
• Laws, President to see them faithfully executed, 2 3 17
• Legislative powers vested in Congress. (See Congress.)
• Loans, authority to make, 1 8 15
• Marque and reprisal, letters of, 1 8 15
• Militia to be called out, 1 8 15
  • to be officered by the States, 1 8 15
  • to be commanded by the President, 2 2 19
  • their right to keep and bear arms secured, (2d amendment), .. .. 19
• Money shall be drawn from the treasury only by appropriation laws, 1 9 15
  • Congress to coin and regulate value of, 1 8 15
  • States cannot make, 1 10 16
• Naturalization, uniform rules of, 1 8 15
• Navy, Congress to provide and govern, 1 8 15
• Nobility, titles of, shall not be granted by the United States, 1 9 15
  • nor by the States, 1 10 12
• Oath of the President, 2 1 16
  • of the public officers, 6 1 18
• Office, who prohibited from holding, (14th amendment), .. 3 20
• Officers of the House of Representatives shall be chosen by the House, 1 2 13
• Officers of the Senate shall be chosen by the Senate, 1 3 14
  • civil, may be removed by impeachment, 2 4 17
• Order of one house requiring the concurrence of the other, 1 7 14
• Pardons, President may grant, 2 2 16
• Patents to be granted to inventors, 1 8 15
• Petition, right of, .. .. 19
• Persons held to service or labor, their importation or migration into the United States may be prohibited after 1808, 1 9 15
  • escaping from one State to another shall be delivered up to those entitled to service, 4 2 17
• Piracy, Congress to prescribe punishment for, 1 8 15
• Post offices and post roads, establishment of, 1 8 15
• Powers not delegated to Congress nor prohibited to the States are reserved, (10th amendment), .. .. 19
  • legislative (See Congress.)
  • executive (See President.)
  • judicial (See Judicial.)
• Presents from foreign powers to public officers prohibited, 1 9 15
• Press, freedom of
• President of the U. S. vested with the executive power, 2 1 16
  • shall be chosen for four years, 2 1 16
  • how elected, 2 1 16
  • same, (12th amendment), .. .. 19
  • qualifications for, 2 1 16
  • who shall act in case of vacancy, 2 1 16
  • compensation of, 2 1 16
  • shall take an oath of office, 2 1 16
  • may be removed by impeachment, 2 4 17
• President, commander of army, navy, and militia, 2 2 16
  • may require the written opinion of the heads of departments, 2 2 16
  • may reprieve and pardon, 2 2 16
  • may make treaties with consent of the Senate, 2 2 16
  • may appoint to office with consent of the Senate, 2 2 16
  • shall fill up vacancies happening during the recess of the Senate, 2 2 16
  • shall give information to Congress and recommend measures, 2 3 17
  • may convene both houses or either house, 2 3 17
  • may adjourn them in case of disagreement, 2 3 17
  • shall receive ambassadors and public ministers, 2 3 17
  • shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed, 2 3 17
  • shall commission all officers, 2 3 17
• Privileges and immunities of members of Congress, 1 6 14
  • of citizens (See Citizens, also Rights.)
• Property, Congress to provide for care of public, 4 3 18
  • shall not be taken for public use without just compensation, (5th amendment), .. ..
• Punishments, cruel and unusual, prohibited, .. ..
• Quorum for business, what shall be a, 1 5 14
  • of States in choosing a President by the House of Representatives, 2 1 16
• Quartered, no soldier to be quartered on a citizen, .. .. 19
• Rebellion, debt incurred in aid of, not to be assumed or paid, (14th amendment), .. 4 20
  • disability of persons who have engaged in (14th amendment), .. 3 20
• Receipts and expenditures, accounts of, to be published, 1 9 15
• Records, how to be authenticated, 4 1 17
• Religion—no law to be made—free exercise of, .. .. 19
  • religious test not required, 6 .. 18
• Reprieves granted by the President, 2 2
• Representatives, House of, composed of members chosen every second year, 1 2 13
  • qualifications of voters, 1 2 13
  • qualifications of members, 1 2 13
  • apportionment of, 1 2 13
  • vacancies, how supplied, 1 2 13
  • shall choose their officers, 1 2 13
  • shall have the power of impeachment, 1 2 13
• Representation shall be the judge of the election and qualifications of its members, 1 5 14
  • what shall be a quorum, 1 5 14
  • any number may adjourn and compel the attendance of absentees, 1 5 14
  • may determine the rules of proceeding, 1 5 14
  • may punish or expel a member, 1 5 14
  • shall keep a journal and publish the same, 1 5 14
  • shall not adjourn for more than three days nor to any other place, without the consent of the Senate, 1 5 14
  • one-fifth may require the yeas and nays, 1 5 14
  • shall originate bills for raising revenue, 1 7 14
  • compensation to be ascertained by law, 1 6 14
  • privileged from arrest, except in certain cases, 1 6 14
• Representatives shall not be questioned for speech or debate in the House, 1 6 14
  • shall not be appointed to office, 1 6 14
  • shall not serve as electors of President, 2 1 16
  • and direct taxes apportioned according to numbers, 1 2 13
  • how apportioned among the several States, (14th amendment), .. 2 20
  • who prohibited from being, (14th amendment), .. 3 20
  • of a State, vacancies in, supplied until a new election by executive authority, 1 2 13
• Resolution, order, or vote, requiring the concurrence of both houses, to undergo the formalities of bills, 1 7 14
• Revenue bills to originate in the House of Representatives, 1 7 14
• Rights of the citizen declared to be—
  • privileges of citizens of the several States, 4 2 17
  • liberty of conscience in matters of religion, .. .. 19
  • freedom of speech and of the press, .. .. 19
  • to assemble and petition, .. .. 19
  • to keep and bear arms, .. .. 19
  • to be exempt from the quartering of soldiers, .. .. 19
  • to be secure from unreasonable searches and seizures, .. .. 19
  • to be free from answering for a crime, unless on presentment or indictment of a jury, .. .. 19
  • not to be twice jeoparded for the same offence, .. .. 19
  • not to be compelled to be a witness against himself, .. .. 19
  • not to be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due course of law, .. .. 19
  • private property not to be taken for public use, .. .. 19
  • in criminal prosecutions, shall enjoy the right of a speedy trial by jury, with all the means necessary for his defence, .. .. 19
  • in civil cases trial to be by jury, and shall only be re-examined according to common law, .. .. 19
  • excessive bail shall not be required, excessive fines imposed, no cruel nor unusual punishment inflicted, .. .. 19
  • enumeration of certain rights shall not operate against retained rights, .. .. 19
• Rules, each house shall determine its own, 1 5 14
• Seat of government, exclusive legislation, 1 8 15
• Searches and seizures, security against, .. .. 19
• Senate, composed of two senators from each State, 1 3 14
  • how chosen, classed, and terms of service, 1 3 14
• Senate, qualifications of senators, 1 3 14
  • Vice-President to be President of the, 1 3 14
  • shall choose their officers, 1 3 14
  • shall be the judge of the elections and qualifications of its members, 1 5 14
  • what number shall be a quorum, 1 5 14
  • any number may adjourn, and compel attendance of absentees, 1 5 14
  • may determine its rules, 1 5 14
  • may punish or expel a member, 1 5 14
  • shall keep a journal, and publish the same, except parts requiring secrecy, 1 5 14
  • shall not adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place, without the consent of the other house, 1 5 14
  • one-fifth may require the yeas and nays, 1 5 14
  • may propose amendments to bills for raising revenue, 1 7 14
  • shall try impeachments, 1 3 14
  • effect of their judgment on impeachment, 1 3 14
  • compensation to be ascertained by law, 1 6 14
  • privileged from arrest, 1 6 14
  • not questioned for any speech or debate, 1 6 14
  • shall not be appointed to office, 1 6 14
• Senator, shall not be elector, 2 1 16
  • who prohibited from being, (14th amendment), .. 3 20
• Senators and representatives, elections of, how prescribed, 1 4 14
• Slaves, their importation may be prohibited after 1808, 1 9 15
  • escaping from one State to another may be reclaimed, 4 2 17
  • claims for the loss or emancipation of, to be held illegal and void, (14th amendment), .. 4 20
• Slavery, except as a punishment for crime, prohibited, amendment, 13 1 20
  • Congress authorized to enforce the prohibition of, (amendment), 13 2 20
• Soldiers not quartered on citizens, .. .. 19
• Speaker, how chosen, 1 2 13
• Speech, freedom of, .. .. 19
• States prohibited from—
  • entering into treaty, alliance, or confederation, 1 10 16
  • granting letters of marque, 1 10 16
  • coining money, 1 10 16
  • emitting bills of credit, 1 10 16
  • making anything a tender but gold and silver coin, 1 10 16
  • prohibited from—
    • passing bills of attainder, ex post facto laws, or laws impairing contracts, 1 10 16
    • granting titles of nobility, 1 10 16
    • laying duties on imports and exports, 1 10 16
    • laying duties on tonnage, 1 10 16
    • keeping troops or ships of war in time of peace, 1 10 16
    • entering into any agreement or contract with another State or foreign power, 1 10 16
    • engaging in war, 1 10 16
    • abridging right of United States citizens of, to vote on account of race or color, (15th amendment), .. 1 20
• States, new, may be admitted into the Union, 4 3 18
  • may be admitted within the jurisdiction of others, or by the junction of two or more, with the consent of Congress and the legislatures concerned, 4 3 18
• State judges bound to consider treaties, the Constitution, and the laws under it, as supreme, 6 .. 18
• State, every, guarantied a republican form of government, protected by United States, 4 4 18
• Supreme Court. (See Court and Judiciary.)
• Suits at common law, proceedings in, .. .. 19
• Tax, direct, according to representation, 1 2 13
  • shall be laid only in proportion to census, 1 9 15
• Tax on exports prohibited, 1 9 15
• Tender, what shall be a legal, 1 10 16
• Territory or public property, Congress may make rules concerning, 4 3 18
• Test, religious, shall not be required, 6 .. 18
• Titles. (See Nobility.)
• Title from foreign state prohibited, 1 9 15
• Treason, defined, 3 3 17
  • two witnesses, or confession, necessary for conviction, 3 3 17
  • punishment of, may be prescribed by Congress, 3 3 17
• Treasury, money drawn from, only by appropriation, 1 9 15
• Treaties, how made, 2 2 16
  • the supreme law, 6 .. 18
  • States cannot make, 1 10 16
• Vacancies happening during the recess may be filled temporarily by the President, 2 2 16
  • in representation in Congress, how filled, 1 2 13
• Veto of the President, effect of, and proceedings on, 1 7 14
• Vice-President of the U. S. to be President of the Senate, 1 3 14
  • how elected, 2 1 16
    • amendment, .. .. 19
  • shall, in certain cases, discharge the duties of President, 2 1 16
  • may be removed by impeachment, 2 4 17
• Vote of one house requiring the concurrence of the other, 1 7 14
  • right of citizens to, not to be abridged on account of race or color, (15th amendment), .. 1 20
• War, Congress to declare, 1 8 15
• Warrants for searches and seizures, when and how they shall issue (14th amendment), .. .. 19
• Witness, in criminal cases, no one compelled to be against himself (5th amendment), .. .. 19
• Weights and Measures, standard of, 1 8 15
• Yeas and nays entered on journal, 1 6 14

• Aggregate Issues of Paper Money in War Times, 5004
• Ante-war Debts, 5015
• Cabinet Officers of the Administrations, 5013
• Chronological Politics, 1765–1892, 5025
• Civil Officers, 5018
• Customs Tariff of Great Britain, 5010
• Electoral Votes for President and Vice-President, 5005
• Electoral Votes; Number to which each State has been Entitled, 1789–1892, 5016
• Gold; Highest and Lowest Prices of, 5024
• Interest Laws of all the States and Territories of the United States, 5004
• Length of Sessions of Congress, 1779–1881, 5018
• National Commerce, per capita, 5023
• National Debt, per capita, 5023
• National Expenditures, per capita, 5023
• Popular and Electoral Votes in Presidential Elections, 1789–1889, 5011
• Presidents and Vice-Presidents,, 5010
• President and Vice-President, Candidates for, 5016
• Rebellion, Expenditures caused by, 5021
• Signers of Declaration of Independence, 5015
• Speakers of House of Representatives, 5020
• States, when admitted, 5019
• Supreme Courts, 5017
• Territories, when Organized, 5019
• Troops furnished by each State, 1861–65, 5020
• Troops, number of called into service during the Rebellion, 5017
• Value of United States Money in Foreign Gold and Silver Coin, 5003