• Hague, The, 288
  • Treaty of the, 266, 271,272
• Halles, 72, 112, 113, 116, 121, 137
• Hansa, Hanseatic, 77, 82, 121, 152
• Hapsburg, 141, 142, 143, 148, 158, 159, 173,
  • 210, 242, 251, 254
• Hennequin of Liége, 137, 138
• Henry III, Duke of Brabant, 97
• Hoffmann, Melchior, 171
• Horn, Count of, 175, 176, 184, 333
• Hôtel de Ville, see Town Halls
• Huguenot, 179, 185
• Humanism, 169, 170, 175, 224
• Hundred Years' War, 85
• Huy, 92, 217, 243

• Iconclasts, 168, 180, 181, 184, 189, 198
• Industry, 78, 85, 128, 165, 167, 214, 216,
  • 217, 247, 276, 283, 321, 323
• China, 247
• Cloth, 45, 70, 86, 116, 117, 121, 146,
  • 164, 216
• Coal, 166, 216, 247, 282
• Copper-working, 216
• Distilling, 217
• Dyeing, 216
• Glass, 217, 321
• Lacemaking, 217, 247
• Linen, 117, 165, 216, 247
• Metal and Mining, 71, 166, 167, 216, 217, 282, 321,
  • 322
• Papermaking, 217
• Spinning, 276, 321
• Silk, 217
• Tapestry, 117, 165, 177, 216, 247
• Wool, 32, 48, 70, 74, 80, 83, 87,
  • 116, 117, 216, 247
• Inquisition, 171, 172, 177, 178, 180, 181, 208,
  • 256
• Invasion—
  • Frankish, 33, 34, 35
  • German, 342
  • Norman, 50
• Investitures, Struggle of, 58, 66, 103
• Isabella, Archduchess, 139, 152, 204, 206, 208, 211, 212,
  • 217, 218, 228
• Italianizants, 222, 223, 229

• Jemappes, 269
• Jesuits, 221, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 250
• John the Fearless, 104, 105, 126
• John I of Brabant, 82
• John IV of Brabant, 105
• Jordaens, Jacques, 228, 229, 258, 338
• Joseph II, 152, 253, 254, 255, 256, 258, 259,
  • 260, 261, 262, 263, 264, 265, 268,
  • 272, 282, 286, 288, 291
• Josquin des Prés, 130
• Joyous Entry of Brabant, 84, 145, 155, 258, 263, 271, 291
• Justice, 125, 208, 250, 261, 275, 277, 332

• Kermesses, 258, 261

• La Brielle, 185
• Laermans, Eugène, 335
• Lalaing, Count of, 193
• Lalaing, J. de, 234
• Lambeaux, 333
• Lambermont, Baron, 322
• Lambert d'Ardres, 97
• Lambert le Bègue, 90
• Lambert of Louvain, 55
• Language limit, 34, 35, 36, 42, 126, 287 (see Bilingualism)
• League of Nations, 347
• Lebeau, 291
• Le Bel, Jean, 129
• Leipzig, Battle of, 277
• Lemaire, Jean, 129
• Lemonnier, Camille, 337
• Leopold II of Austria, 266, 268
• Leopold I of Belgium, 293, 294, 295, 302, 310, 324
• Leopold II of Belgium, 266, 268, 310, 311, 312, 318, 324-30
• Leys, Henri, 334
• Liége, 43, 44, 54, 91, 92, 95, 166,
  • 167, 210, 217, 243, 282, 311, 321,
  • 342
  • Bishopric, 38, 40, 54, 57 88, 105, 173
  • University, 282
• Lille, 90, 97, 165, 195, 214, 216, 238
• Limburg, 295, 296, 297, 299, 300
• Lipsius, Justus, 224
• Literature, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 124, 125,
  • 126, 127, 128, 129, 131, 226, 227,
  • 331, 336, 337, 338, 339
• Lotharingia, 48, 52, 55, 58, 103, 109
• Lotharius I, 48
• Lotharius II, 48, 50
• Louis, Buonaparte, 275
• Louis the Germanic, 48
• Louis de Mâle, 87, 104, 137
• Louis Philippe d'Orléans, 286, 293, 294
• Louis XIII, 210
• Louis XIV, 235, 237-41
• Louis XVI, 259, 268
• Louvain, 74, 132, 165, 169, 184, 224 235,
  • 251, 295, 343
  • Town Hall, 112, 113, 124
  • University, 117, 223, 250, 263, 282
• Luther, Lutheranism, 168, 169, 170, 171, 179
• Luxemburg, 239, 292,295, 296, 297, 299, 300,
  • 301, 306

• Mabuse (Jean Gossaert), 222
• Madrid, 173
  • Treaty of, 151, 158
• Maeseyck, 138
• Maestricht, 55, 210, 211, 234, 248, 271, 282,
  • 292, 295, 296
  • Bishopric, 38
  • Fall of, 200
• Maeterlinck, Maurice, 337
• Malcontents, 194, 195, 200, 203
  • Malines, 93, 117, 145, 148, 153, 176, 187,
  • 203, 216, 252, 263, 320, 332
• Malplaquet, 241
• Manicheans, 89
• Mansfeld, Count of, 181, 188
• Margaret of Austria, 143, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152,
  • 153, 154, 155, 200, 222, 332
• Marguerite of Parma, 175, 176, 177, 178, 180, 181, 184
• Maria Theresa, 246, 247, 250, 251, 253, 257, 258,
  • 259, 260, 266
• Marie d'Oignies, 90
• Marlborough, Duke of, 240, 241, 242
• Marnix, de, 177, 181, 183, 203
• Mary of Burgundy, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 153, 252,
  • 258
• Mary of Hungary, 155, 156, 157, 169, 222
• Massys, J., 222
• Matsys, Quentin, 229
• Matthias, Archduke, 193
• Maximilian, 122, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 147,
  • 149, 150, 153, 174, 184, 187, 288
• Maximilian II, 205
• Maximilian Emmanuel of Bavaria, 240, 241, 243, 252
• Mazarin, 235
• Memling, 131, 139, 226, 338
• Menapii, 32, 40, 45
• Mendicant Orders—
  • Franciscans, 89
  • Dominicans, 89
• Merchant Adventurers, 121
• Merovingian dynasty, 41, 42
• Meunier, Constantin, 334
• Molinet, Jean, 129
• Monarchomaques, 192, 219
• Monasteries, 39, 42, 44, 45, 54, 56, 57,
  • 94, 128, 180
• Mons, 185, 269, 321
• Monstrelet, 129
• Morel, 329, 330
• Moresnet, 166
• Morini, 40
• Mousket, Philippe, 98
• Muhlberg, 159
• Münster, 171, 172
  • Treaty of, 235, 236, 237, 243, 246, 271, 272,
  • 289, 296
• Music, 124, 130, 133