Lublin, meeting-place of Talmudists, 640.
of the Polish synods, 644.
Lublin, third Jewish community in Poland, 632.
Lucero, Diego Rodriguez, hangman in Cordova, 484, 489.
Luna, de, Alvaro, minister of Juan II, of Castile, 228, 251, 256.
Luna, de, Pedro. See Benedict XIII.
Lünel, Jews of, accused of desecrating Christian symbols, 55.
expelled, 48.
side with Abba-Mari, 33.
Lusitano, Abraham Zacuto, physician, 678.
Lusitanus, Amatus (João Rodrigo de Castel-Branco), physician of Pope Julius III, 569–570.
death, 610.
leaves Pesaro, 581.
Luther, Martin, reformer, 467.
advises confiscation of Hebrew books, 550.
and the Jews, 547–552.
at Worms, 469.
maligns the Talmud, 549–550.
quoted, 470.
Lutherans and the Spanish Inquisition, 485.
Lurya, Isaac, Kabbalist, 618, 623–627.
and Chayim Vital Calabrese, 623–624.
effect of his teaching, 625–627.
his Messianic claims, 622, 624.
his system, 617–622.
Lurya, Solomon, Talmudist, 634–637.
criticism of Jewish society, 635–636.
Luzk, Karaites of, well treated by Casimir IV, 265.
Lyra, de, Nicholas, 232, 342, 442.
admires Rashi, 185.
refuted, 237.
Maamad, rabbinical councils at Amsterdam, 684.
"Maasé Efod," Hebrew grammar by Profiat Duran, 191.
Maccabees, the, and the biblical prophecies, 149.
Machault, Denys, convert, 175.
Madrid, cortes of, and usurers, 80.
Maella, Jews of, converted, 214.
Magdeburg, Jews of, banished, 416.
persecuted, 111.
Maggid, dream-prompter, 496, 537–538.
Maharil. See Jacob ben Moses Mölin Halevi.
Mahomet II, sultan, and the Jews, 267–269.
Mahomet IV, sultan, alluded to, 629.
Maillotins, rising of the, 152.
Maimi, Simon, martyr, 380–381.
Maimonides. See Maimuni, Moses.
Maimuni, Abraham II, and the Karaites, 72.
Maimuni, David, Nagid, 72.
Maimuni, Moses, 67, 93, 94, 146, 147, 192, 197, 239, 243, 290.
articles of faith by, 193, 240.
attacked by Aaron II, 95.
code of, 86, 88, 89.
defended, 41, 42, 43, 44, 392.
on Ordination, 530–531.
rationalizes the Scriptures, 23.
studied by Polish Jews, 633.
Maimuni's works and the Roman Jews, 60.
commented, 191.
neglected, 143.
proscribed, 40.
Maiora, martyr, 570.
Majorca, French exiles settle on, 49, 50.
Inquisition on, 332.
Majorca, Jews of, persecuted, 171, 246–247.
seek refuge in Africa, 197.
Mallo, inquisitor, 521.
Malmed, Jacob Anatoli's sermons, 32, 39, 40.
Malta, Order of, hostile to Jews, 592, 656.
Mamson, tortured on the charge of poisoning, 104.
Manasseh ben Israel, rabbi at Amsterdam, 682–684.
Manessier de Vesoul, receiver general, 130, 132.
and the Jews of France, 129, 131–132.
sons of, 150, 151, 152.
Manoel, the Great, of Portugal, and the Marranos, 485, 486, 488.
converts Jews by force, 375–377.
friendly to Jews, 372–374.
issues an amnesty, 379.
Manrique, Inigo, inquisition judge of appeals, 320.
Mansfield, general, alluded to, 701.
Mantin, Jacob, physician and philosopher, 411, 515.
denounces Molcho, 506–507.
instructs Christians, 473.
"Mappa," by Moses Isserles, 637.
"Mar Mar Jesu," anti-Christian work, 215.
Marcellus II, pope, alluded to, 566.
Margaritha, Anton, convert, maligns Jews, 551.
Maria de Medici, alluded to, 673.
Maria de Molina, regent of Castile, 2, 52, 53.
Maria de Padilla, wife of Pedro the Cruel, 116, 117, 122–123.
Maria of the Netherlands, alluded to, 572.
Maroli, Menachem, Karaite, 269.
Marranos, (new-Christians, Anusim) forced converts, 179–181.
and David Reubeni, 494–495.
and Jews, 334–335.
and the Inquisition, 310–313.
attacked in Castile, 280–283.
catechism of, 311.
conspire against Arbues, 329–331.
excluded from church offices, 321, 582.
flee to Navarre, 357–358.
help the Spanish exiles, 354–355.
injure Judaism, 181.
of Ancona, 408, 500.
of Ferrara, 581.
of Pesaro, 578–582.
petition Alexander VI, 378–380.
protected by João I, 218.
signs of, 315–316.
sufferings of, 483–490.
troublesome to the church, 255–257.
under Henry IV, of Castile, 276.
victims of the Inquisition, 314, 316–318, 323–325, 350, 351.
Marranos, Portuguese, and Clement VII, 509.
and Paul III, 516–517, 519–520.
and Paul IV, 568.
as physicians, 488.
burnt, 499.
culture of, 674.
emigrate, 485–486.
forbidden to emigrate, 508–509.
imprisoned, 670–671.
in Hamburg, 686–693.
in the Netherlands, 662–675.
informed against, 489–490.
keep an agent at Rome, 512–513.
massacred in Lisbon, 487.
persecuted, 521–522.
refused by Frankfort, 695.
settle in Italy, 568–571.
sufferings of, 528.
under restrictions, 368.
useful citizens, 527–528.
Marseilles, Jews of, protected, 177.
Martin V, pope, 229, 249, 253.
and the Jews, 219–220, 226–227.
Martinez (Martin), Fernan, and Joseph Pichon, 156–157, 193, 335.
Martinez, Gonzalo, favorite of Alfonso XI, 83–86.
Mascarenhas, John Rodrigo, Marrano tax farmer, 486.
Masserano, Bezalel, pleads for the Talmud, 658.
Matathiah ben Joseph Provenci, chief rabbi, 133, 152.
Matronita, Kabbalistic term, 18, 19.
Matthias, emperor, abolishes Judenstättigkeit, 700.
Maurice, of Orange, favorable to Jews, 674, 678.
Maximilian I, emperor, and Jews, 414–415, 423–429.
and the German Jews, 463–464.
and the Nuremberg Jews, 415–416.
and the Pfefferkorn-Reuchlin case, 429, 437, 441, 458–459.
Maximilian II, emperor, 587.
and the Polish election, 603.
Mayence, decisions of, 135.
exiles from, 294, 295.
Mayence, Jews of, banished, 413.
massacred, 109.
Medeïros, Francisco (Isaac) Mendes, Marrano, 667, 671.
Medici, family of, alluded to, 289, 291.
Medicine, study of, allowed, 40.
Medigo, Leon. See Abrabanel, Judah Leon.
Medina del Campo, cortes of, and the Inquisition, 310, 313.
Jews of, burnt, 278.
Medina-Sidonia, Marranos take refuge in, 313.
Medina-Sidonia, duke of, and Marranos, 282, 283.
Megadef, sobriquet of Geronimo de Santa Fé, 217.
Meïl Zedek. See Menachem of Merseburg.
Meïr ben Baruch Halevi, rabbi, and the French Jews, 152–153.
compiles Jewish customs, 134.
Meïr ben Gabbai, Kabbalist, 481.
Meïr of Rothenburg, 34, 37, 74.
Meïr, son-in-law of Abraham Benveniste, 351.
Meïri, rabbi of Perpignan, 26–27.
Meïron, Simon bar Yochaï buried in, 623.
Meles, Moses Iskafat, partisan of Ben Adret, 44.
Meliza, poetical prose, 65.
Menachem ben Aaron ben Zerach, rabbi of Toledo, 77, 144–145.
Menachem of Merseburg, Talmudist, 227–228.
Mendes, Diogo, banker at Antwerp, 572, 573.
Mendes, Francisco, husband of Gracia Mendesia, 571, 572.
Mendes, Manuel, Marrano, 516.
Mendes, Portuguese family in Holland, 667.
Mendesia, Gracia (Beatrice), Marrano philanthropist, 571, 578.
at Antwerp, 572–573.
at Constantinople, 577.
at Ferrara, 575–577.
at Venice, 574–575.
eulogized by Samuel Usque, 575–576.
protects the Ancona Marranos, 578, 579–580.
Mendeza, archbishop, prepares a catechism for Marranos, 311.
Menz, Abraham, head of the Padua college, 410.
Menz, Judah, Talmudist, 294, 406, 410.
and Elias del Medigo, 295.
Menz, Moses, Talmudist, in Posen, 294.
Merlo, de, Diego, member of the Inquisition commission, 312.
Messianic pretenders, 7, 197, 482–483.
Messianic speculations, 7, 8–10, 18–19, 120, 141, 471, 482–483, 494–495, 497, 530, 534, 622, 624, 625.
Meshullam ben Jacob, patron of learning, 30.
Meyer, of Breslau, accused of host-desecration, 261.
Meyer, Peter, partisan of Pfefferkorn, 449.
Michael, of Frankfort, and Luther, 551.
Michael, the Old, Karaite, 269.
Middelburg refuses Portuguese Marranos, 663.
Midrash of Simon bar Yochaï, the Zohar, 19.
Milan, Jews of, expelled, 660.
Milchamoth Adonaï, work by Gersonides, 92, 93.
Miliana, Jews settle in, 197.
Miller, John, and the Hamburg Jews, 691–692.
quoted, 690.
Minim imprecated in Jewish prayers, 83.
Minyan Yavanim, Seleucidan chronology, 394–395.
Miques, João. See Nassi, Joseph.
"Mirror for Admonition," work by Ortuinus Gratius, 425.
"Mirror of Morals," work by Solomon Alami, 154.
Mistress, Kabbalistic term, 19.
Mizrachi, Elias, chief rabbi of Constantinople, 402–404.
Mocenigo, Luis, doge, hostile to Jews, 600–601, 606.
Mocenigo, Pietro, doge, protects the Jews of Padua, 299.
Mocho, John, arouses Lisbon against the Marranos, 487.
Modena, duke of, invites Jews, 675.
Molcho, Solomon (Diogo Pires), Marrano, 529–530, 622.
and David Reubeni, 495–496, 504.
burnt, 510–511.
denounced, 503, 506–507.
in Italy, 501–507.
predicts the Messiah, 497.
saved by Clement VII, 507.
Mölin, Jacob. See Jacob ben Moses Mölin Halevi.
Moncado de, Abraham, official at Recife, 693.
Moncilla, Jews of, persecuted, 78.
Montpellier, Jews of, and free inquiry, 29–30, 31, 38–39, 41, 50.
compelled to wear a badge, 54.
expelled, 48.
Montano, Arias, publisher of a polyglot Bible, 651.
Montalto, Elias (Felix), physician, 653, 670, 673.
Montemar, marquis of, friend of Isaac Abrabanel, 338.
Moravia, Jews of, persecuted, 98.
Mordecai ben Hillel, martyr, 36.
Morenu, ordination of rabbis, 134.
Morillo, Miguel, inquisitor, 312, 323.
censured, 318–319.
issues the Edict of Grace, 314–315.
Moro, Joseph (Philip), denounces the Talmud, 564.
proselytizer, 581.
Morocco, war with Castile, 84–85.
Jews in, 389–390.
Marranos emigrate to, 179.
Morteira, Saul Levi, rabbi at Amsterdam, 673, 681, 682, 685.
Moses ben Isaac (Gajo) da Rieti, neo-Hebraic poet, 230–231.
Moses ben Joshua Narboni. See Narboni.
Moses ben Nachman. See Nachmani.
Moses ben Shem Tob (Moses de Leon), Kabbalist, 3, 622.
author of the Zohar, 10–12.
forgery of, revealed, 20–21.
Moses, of Trent, tortured, 298.
Moses, rabbi of Trent, 298.
Moses, treasurer under Maria de Molina, 52.
Mostarabi, Egyptian Jews, 395.
Mucate, Jacob, official at Recife, 693.
Muley Abu-Abdallah (Boabdil), last king of Granada, 345.
Munich, Jews of, persecuted, 110.
Münster, Sebastian, disciple of Reuchlin, 434, 472.
Murad III, sultan, and Joseph Nassi, 627–628, 629.
Murviedro, Jews of, protected, 170.
Musaphia, Benjamin, physician to Christian IV, 692.
Mutafarrica, life-guard, 595.
Nachmani (Moses ben Nachman), 28, 71, 75, 208, 238, 242.
predicts the Messianic redemption, 120.
reputed discoverer of the Zohar, 20.
Nagid, chief of Egyptian Jews, 392.
Najara, Israel, Hebrew poet, 609.
Naples, Jewish printing house in, 289.
Jews of, banished, 543–544.
Jews settle in, 358–359.
Narboni, Moses ben Joshua (Maestro Vidal), philosopher, 87, 93–95, 342.
Nassi, Gracia. See Mendesia, Gracia.
Nassi, Gracia, the younger, 572, 577.
Nassi, Joseph (João Miques), duke of Naxos, 596–597, 611.
accused of treason, 598, 599.
aids Gracia Mendesia, 574.
as a statesman, 595–602.
at Antwerp, 572–573.
end of his power, 627.
favorite of sultans, 577, 593–595.
in Turkey. See Chapter XVII.
protects Marranos, 579–580.
receives Tiberias, 596–597, 611.
Nassi, Reyna, daughter of Gracia Mendesia, 572–573, 577.
patroness of Jewish learning, 628.
Nassi, Samuel, brother of Joseph, 577, 581.
Nassir Mahomet, Jews under, 73.
Nathan, Isaac. See Isaac ben Kalonymos.
Navarre, Jews of, persecuted, 77–78.
Jews settle in, 352.
Spanish exiles in, 357–358.
Navarro, Moses, rabbi of Portugal, 173.
Naxos, duke of. See Nassi, Joseph.
Nazarenes (Minim) imprecated in Jewish prayers, 83.