Aasen, Ivar, 99

Abruzzi, 88

Adalia, Gulf of, 251, 256-257

Adige, 84

Adige valley, 70, 74

Adriatic, control, 83-84;
eastern coast, 337-338;
piracy, 86, 87;
problem, 199-201;
Serbia and, 180

Adriatic coast and German language, 68

Adriatic provinces, 76

Ægean, 174, 175, 247-248, 274

Aidin railway, 250, 251, 255

Albanach, 192

Albania, 84, 163, 164, 180, 181, 187, 189, 193-201;
Greek boundary, 197;
importance, 199;
national feeling and boundaries, 194, 195;
religion, 201

Albanian, 87, 90, 163, 165, 192

Albanians, 175, 192-201

Alemanni, 44

Aleppo, 224, 225, 259, 261, 264

Alexandretta, 244, 261

Alexandria, 233, 234

Alghero, 64

Allevis, 285

Alpes-Maritimes, 64

Alpine race, xiv, 4, 5, 6, 19, 38, 40, 41, 323-324

Alps, 42, 333

Alsace, 38-49;
Lower and Higher, 41

Alsace-Lorraine, 329-330, 334-335;
linguistic boundary between French and German, 35-49

Alsatians, 40, 41, 46, 47

Amanus, 259, 260

America, discovery of, 233, 235

Anatolia, 225, 247, 248, 266, 271, 275, 276, 284;
Turks in, 281

“Ange,” 36

Anglo-Saxon, 13

Ansariyehs, 298-299

Ansiedelunggesetz, 127

Antioch, 297, 298

Aosta, 60

Aptals, 289

Arabia, 238;
British influence, 240-241;
France and, 266

Arabic, 225, 230;
in Turkish, 280

Arabs, 307-308

Aram, 302

Aramaic, 302, 306

Arameans, 302-303

Argana, 261, 266

Argyrocastro, 197, 199

Arlon, 22

Armenia, 224, 244, 254, 266;
etymology, 291

Armenian, Persian words in, 272

Armenians, 272, 289-294

Armenoids, 271, 273, 285, 324

Armorica, 56

Arnaut, 194

Aromunes, 163

Aryan, Albanian, 192;
Armenians, 291, 292;
early home, 7;
Lithuanians, 104, 105;
vagueness of term, 8

Ashkenazim, 301

Asia Minor, 175, 225, 228-229, 269, 270;
geography, 252;
Greeks in, 273-278;
highway character, 249;
Mohammedan dissenters, 285-289;
Mohammedan immigrants, 282-284;
peoples and villages, non-Turkish, table, 308-309;
resources, 253-255;
Turks in, 278-282.
See also Turkey

Asiatic trade with Europe, 233-236

Asiatics in Europe, 174-176

Assassins, 298

Athens, 248

Augustus, 64

Austria, 95, 330;
as protector of Europe, 82;
census returns, character, 76;
Dalmatia, 87;
foreign policy, 80;
Italian frontier claims (with sketch-map), 335-337;
Jewish capitalists, 125;
Lombardo-Venetia, 74;
Poles in, 130;
sketch-map showing Slavs and their languages, 183;
Slovene in, map, 81

Austria-Hungary, 155, 156;
Adriatic provinces, 76;
Italians in, 66;
nationality, 83;
Polish provinces, table, 138;
population and weakness, 80-82;
Serbians in, 181-182

Avars, 81, 176

Avshars, 288


Bagdad, 238, 242, 260, 262

Bagdad railroad, 178, 251, 257-263

“Bahnhof,” 53

Balearic islands, 64

Balikis, 288

Balkan peninsula, 86-87;
clash of Slav and Teuton, 181;
highway character, 174-175, 177-181;
linguistic and political divisions, 201-202;
physical character, 174;
Romanic languages, 164-166;
Rumanians in, 160;
Serbian inhabitants and, 174-191;
Slavicization, 165;
southeastern angle, 215-216, 218

Balkan States, areas and populations before and after the wars, tables, 345

Balkans, communications, map, 179;
sketch-map of western, 203

Baltic, Poland and the, 119, 120

Baltic languages, 100-110

Baltic provinces, 103-108

Banat territory, 86, 158

Baradeus, Jacobus, 306

Basel, 54

Basra, 306

Bavaria, 68, 73, 74

Bedouins, 307-308

Beirut-Aleppo railroad, 250, 265

Bektash, 287-288

Belekis, 288

Belgae, 21

Belgium, 329;
boundary of French and Germanic languages in, 19-34;
French- and Flemish-speaking inhabitants, table, 34;
language, xiv;
linguistic and political boundaries, 22;
literature, 318-319;
national language, 23;
nationality, 33;
present crisis, 29, 33;
Romance languages in, 25;
shape of land, 29-30;
struggle for unity, 20

Berat, 164

Berne, 53, 54

Beskid, 115, 143

Bessarabia, 159;
Rumanians in, 172

Bienne, 49, 50, 51, 55

Bismarck, 329

Black Caps, 284

Black Sea, 218;
Poland and, 120

Blanc, Mont, 52

Blondness in Asia Minor, 286

Bohemia, 56, 341;
culture, 143;
German element at present, 148-149;
German ring about, 141-142, 144;
national consciousness, 148;
nationality, 153;
Slav and Teuton struggle, 143-144;
spoliation, 148

Bohemian and Bohemians, 141-150;
literature, 146, 147, 151

Böhmerwald, 141, 142

Boleslas, 119

Bolzano, 73, 74

Boshnaks, 189

Bosnia, 181, 182, 189, 190;
German settlers, 190-191

Bosnian Mohammedans, 190

Bosporus, 174, 178, 181, 217-220, 244

Boulogne, 23

Boundaries, linguistic and political, 342;
national frontiers, 328;
natural, 327;
natural and scientific, 332-334;
revisions, 202.
See also Frontiers

Boyana, 196

Brandenburg, 116, 118

Brenner Pass, 70, 72

Breslau, 116

Bressanone, 73

Breton, 56

Bromberg, 121, 122

Bruche, 43

Brussels, French language in, growth, 27;
languages, 24;
sketch-map of environs showing language distribution, 26

Budapest, 156

Bukovina, 168-173;
colonies and population, 170, 171;
Germans in, 169;
sketch-map of Rumanian area, 169

Bulgaria, history, 214;
national unity, 214-215

Bulgarian, Macedonian and, 206;
old, 211;
Serbian transition dialect, 212

Bulgarians, 176, 180, 202;
ethnic composition, 209-210;
Greek boundary, 207;
Macedonia, 204;
Turks and, 210

Bunjevci, 188

Burgundy, 20, 36, 52, 53, 61

Byzantium, 232, 235


Caliphate, 241, 267

Cape-to-Cairo railroad, 252

Caravans, 234, 257-258, 263

Carniola, 79, 80

Carpathians, 114-115, 131, 136

Catalonians, 64

Cathay, 233, 234

Caucasus, 135, 283, 284

Celtic, xiv, 47, 52, 59;
early home, 6;
in France, relation to Italic, 56;
Po, 63

Celts, 6, 40, 41;
Asia Minor, 287;
early home, 56;
influence on Teutons, 14

Chaldeans, 305

Charlemagne, 38, 39

Charles the Bald, 38, 39

Charles IV, 145, 146

Chepmi, 285

China, 234

Chinese, 7

Christians of St. John, 306

Christians of Turko-Persian borderland, table, 311-313

Chuds.
See Esthonians

Cilician Gates, 225, 258

Cimbro, 68

Cimmerians, 286

Circassians, 282-284

Colonization, Germans in Poland, 127-129;
Germans in Russia, 343-344

Constantinople, 167, 181, 205, 219-220, 232, 244, 282, 324;
Turkish capture, 235

Cracow, 125, 130

Crete, 217

Croatia, 182, 184, 190

Croats, 81, 85, 88, 182

Crusades, 245, 301

Czech, xv, 3;
German and, in northern Bohemia, 144-145;
linguistic area, 142, 143

Czecho-Slovak body, 143

Czechs and Poles, 115

Czernowitz, 170


Dacia, 161

Dacians, 175

Dalmatia, 182, 186;
Italians in, 77;
Italy’s claims, 84-86;
map of the coast, 85;
nationality, 87;
Roman influence, 84-86;
value to Italy, 84

Dalmatian coast, 78, 337-338

Dalmatian islands, population statistics, 76

Damascus, 264, 267, 302

Danish, 93-97;
Norway, 98

Dante, 75

Danube, 46, 82, 137, 154, 155, 156, 165, 175, 181, 199

Danzig, 117, 118, 121

Danzig, Gulf of, 117, 126

Dardanelles, 174, 217-220, 244

Denmark, linguistic problem, 93-97.
See also Schleswig-Holstein

Devil-worshipers, 303, 304

Discovery, age of, 233

Dnieper, 111, 136, 137

Dodecanesia, 246-247, 256

“Drang nach Osten,” 119, 181, 243, 331

Druzes, 299-300

Duma, 124

Dunkirk, 20, 23, 24

Durazzo, 200, 212

Dushan, Stephen, 186, 211

Dwellings, Alemannic, 44;
German types, 14;
Italian and German, in northern Italy, 68;
Lithuanians, 105;
Lorraine, 44;
Romansh, 54

Dyrrachium, 200


Eastern Question, 180, 228, 231-233, 248

Elbe, 93, 118, 133,