Middle Ages, life in the, 7, religious spirit in the, 32

Miélot, Jean, 383

Milford, 205

“Mill on the Floss,” 235

Minot, Laurence, 201

Minstrels, singing, 7, 13, gallery for, 18; 183, repertory and behaviour, 194 ff., received by the king, 201 ff., by a bishop, 202, at the inn, 202, the king’s, 204 ff., for colleges, lords and cities, 205 ff., gifts to, 206, their instruments, 208 ff., monopoly of the royal, 208 ff., 435 ff., gilds of, 211, spread liberal ideas, 212 ff., disappear, 216 ff., tolerated by St. Thomas Aquinas, 217, execrated by Phil. Stubbes, 221 ff.; 419

“Mirabilia Romæ,” 388

Miracles, at Walsingham, 158, sham, by Thos. of Lancaster, 339 ff., at Meaux, 343 ff., at Rocamadour, 380 ff., at Santa Maria delle Grazie, 380, at Rome, 386, by Moses, 415, in Bethlehem, 416

“Mirror for Justices,” 169

Mistreworth, Sir John, 231

Molière, 335

Mommsen, 30

Monasteries, hospitality in, 118 ff.

Monks, great agriculturists, 84, their worldly dress, 115, 432

Monmouth, bridge at, 14, 73

Monmouth, Geoffrey of, 224

Monnow Bridge, 14, 73

Montalto, Cardinal, 192

Montesquieu, 244

Montfort, Guy de, 229

Montfort, Henry de, 342

Montfort, Reginald de, 342

Montfort, Simon de, 341, 372

Moon, the planet of the English, 402

Mordon, Walter, a stockfishmonger, 298

More, Sir Thomas, 48, 172, on friars, 310; 355, 363, 365

Morley, Henry, 250

Morris, W. A., 112

Morston, Hamo de, 64, 429

“Mort d’Arthur,” 199

Mortet, Victor, 32

Moses, 328, 415

Mosques, 414, 417

Mountebanks, 184 ff., 191

Mowbray, Lord, 60

Murley, Isabella of, an adulteress, 166

Mynach, bridge on the, 77

Mystery plays, 201

Naples, 330

Navarre, 230

Nazareth, 328, 400

Nets, certain, prohibited, 250

Newcastle-on-Tyne, 126, 149, staple at, 247; 370

Newenham, 80

Newgate, 167, 171

Newport fair, 251

Newton Abbot, 66

Newur, 80

Nichol, J., 341

Nicholas, St., patron of travellers, 43, 389, 416

Nichols, F. M., 388

Nicholson, E. B., 406

Nicholson, Wm., a murderer, 164, 434

Nicodemus, 387

Nicopolis, 398

Nicosia, 405

Nile, comes from Paradise, 415

Niniveh, 400

Nith, bridge on the, 78

Nobles, their lands scattered, 82, who are truly, according to Chaucer, 214, their literary tastes, 196 ff., slandered, 277, sceptic, 393; see Knights

Nogent, Ingelram de, a thief, 108

None-such-house, 13, 45, 48

Norden, 49

Norfolk, 347

Norfolk, Countess of, 78

Norfolk, Duke of, 47, 405

Northampton, 59, 284

North Berwick, 339

Northumberland, Earl of, 205

Norton, 36

Norwich, bridge at, 69, 78; 143, minstrels at, 206, staple at, 247; 441

Nottingham, 63, its goose fair, 193 ff.; 353, 426

Nucius, Nicander, 49, 371

Nuncio, remits penance, 165; 232

“Nut Brown Maid,” 255 ff.

Oaks, preserved, 156

“Octavian,” 199

Oddyngesles, Sir John and Esmon de, 151 ff.

Okeden forest, 36

Oliver, 296

Olives, Mount of, 396

Oman, C., 262, 276, 284

Orfevre, Richard, M.P., 264

Orléans, 244

Orléans, Charles d’, 13

Ormerod, 66, 78

Orthez, 35

Outlaws, 107, 174, 181, 254 ff., 269

Oxford, 126, its common carriers, 149; 176, 187, 236, to London by water, 246; 252, university, on friars, 303, on pardoners, 327, 444

Palestine, pilgrimages to, 395 ff.

Palgrave, 108, 114

Palmatæ, 312

Palmers, professional, 181, 367, 368, gild, 334, way, 347, 358

Palmistry, 236

“Pantagruel,” 330

Pantheon, the Roman, 386

Panurge, gaining pardons, 330

Pardon, charters of, 174 ff.

“Pardoner and the Frere,” the, 327

Pardoner, Thomas, 318

Pardoners, 20, 24, 133, 181, 312 ff., Chaucer’s, 315 ff., 336, Boniface IX on, 316 ff., greed and misdeeds of, 316, their associations, 324, the authorized, 324, collect various goods, 325, Urban VI on, 326 ff., hated by the secular clergy, 326, Oxford and the, 327, on the stage, 331, in Spain, 331, suppressed, 337; 367, 394, 419 ff., documents concerning, 440 ff., 444

Paris, roads leading to, 85, 86; 257, its minstrels, 211, its idlers, 265, its relics, 372

Paris, the diacre, 342

Paris, Gaston, 9

Paris, Matthew, portrays an elephant, 217, on friars, 296; 329, 350

Parliament, the good, 9, 25, 154; sitting at Westminster, 14, 87 ff., members of, detained by bad roads, 86; on what principle created, 214, its development, 421

Parson, Chaucer’s, 125

Paston letters, 100 ff., 380

Patmer, John of, 155

Paul, St., 199, 384, 386, 389

Paul V, 445

Paula, St., 395 ff.

Paulinus, 395, 396

Payne, John, 323

Peasants, out of bond, 181, 254 ff., 259 ff., 421; at the tavern, 136, at the drug sellers’, 193, revolt of the, 212, 276 ff., compared with French, 277, 279, results of, 280, cursed by Langland, 293, and the scepticism of the nobles, 393

Pedlars, 181, their temper, 234 ff., long ignored by statutes, 235 ff., content of their packs, 236 ff., at the fair, 252, Wordsworth’s 253; 307, 419

Pegge, S., 159

Pelagrua, Cardinal de, 232

Penrose, John, a vintner, 239

Perceval, romance of, 198, 199

Percy, Henry, 404

Percy, Bishop Thomas, 437

“Percy and Douglas,” song of, 216

Perers, Alice, 154

Persia, dances in, 18, 220, 221; poetry of, chanted, 194

Persians in Palestine, 395

Peter, St., 314, his vest, 329; 384

Peterborough, 347

Petit-Dutaillis, Ch., 276

Petrarch, 324

Petronella, St., 385

Philip II, Augustus, 353

Philip IV, the Fair, 95, 185

Philip VI, of Valois, 95, 397

Philippa, Queen, 154, 229

Physicians, 18, 183 ff., laws about, 188 ff.

Piccolomini, Æneas Sylvius, 339

Pie powder court, 249

“Pierce the Ploughman’s Crede,” 301

Piers, Johan, 258

“Piers Plowman” (Visions about), 19, 25, 42, 124, 135, 137, 145 ff., 203, 207, 213, 218, 233 ff., 237, 246, 250, 293, 301, 307, 358, 368, 393, 400

Pilate, 201

Pilgrimages, vows of, remitted, 323, 325; chief, 338, motives for, 338 ff., by proxy, 340, 357, 394; various English, 342 ff., 346 ff., how advertised, 344 ff., Reynard’s, 360, 446; Erasmus on, 362 ff., More on, 363, restrained, in England and France, 369 ff., various French, 370 ff., to Compostela, 375 ff., indulgences attached to, 383, to Rome, 384 ff., cost of, 389 ff., to the Holy Land, 395 ff.

Pilgrims, 21, 24, inns for, 131; 181, 226, as news bringers, 263, 270, escaped villeins as, 273; how attracted, 343 ff., on the road to Canterbury, 348, royal and imperial, 352 ff., their mixed troups, their prayers, 357 ff., their amusements on the way, 359 ff., tale tellers, 360, visit the curiosities and buy signs, 364 ff., 418, professional, 367, their speeches and livelihood, 367, their staffs and scrips, 362, 368 ff., false, 369, 420, permits for real, 369, oaths before leaving, 376, uncomfortable at sea, 376 ff., offerings by, 380, attracted by indulgences, 383 ff., how helped, 389 ff., go to Palestine and have to pay the Saracen, 395 ff., 409, 413; 419

Pilgrims’ Way, 352

Pisan, Christine de, 136, 329

Pius II, 339

Pius IV, 337

Plague, the great, effect on labour and wages, 263 ff.

Plato, 387

“Play of the Sacrament,” 186

Players, common, 236

“Plowman’s Tale,” 301

Plymouth, 370

Poictiers, 201, 232

Poissy-sur-Seine, 354

Pole, the de la, Earls of Suffolk, 244

Pollock, Sir Frederick, 111, 113

“Polycraticus,” 218

Pompeii, 7, 8

Pontagium, 57

Pont du Gard, 35

Pontefract, 339, 341

Pont-Sainte-Maxence, Garnier de, 351, 365

Pont-Saint-Esprit, 32

Pontiff brothers, 32 ff.

Popes, and bridge building, 36, and sanctuary, 174, condemn pardoners, 316 ff., at Avignon, are abused, 391

Porter, Nicholas le, 165 ff.

Porter, Simon, 64

Porto, 232

’Pothecary, Heywood’s, 189

Potter Heigham, 78

“Povre Clerc,” le, 216

Powell, E., 276

Power, Robert, 155

Prague, 229

Pratt, Godfrey, 41 ff., 57, 61, 143

Preachers, wandering, 181, 283 ff., Wyclif’s, 284 ff., Rolle of Hampole as a, 290, 419, 421

Prest, Godfrey, coppersmith, 14

Prestbury, 178

Preston, Gilbert de, 429

“Promessi Sposi,” 152

Prussia, hampers British trade, 241, the pagans of, 391, 398

Pulteney, Wm., 74

Purveyors, royal, their exactions, how remedied, 91 ff., 95 ff., 430 ff.

Putnam, Miss Bertha, 264

Pyne, C., 14, 51

Pythagoras, 387

Quacks, 24, 181, laws about, 188 ff., 419

Questors, or pardoners, 315 ff., 440

Quintilian, 323

Rabelais, 135, 330

Railton, Herbert, 126

Raven, Edward, 347

Reading, 348

Reapers, 19, 267

Recluses, 142

Reims, 349

Relics, pardoners’, 327 ff., at Exeter, Westminster, the Ste-Chapelle, 328 ff.; 343, at Walsingham, 362, in various places, 365, at Amiens, Paris, Chartres, etc., 371 ff., at Rome, 386 ff., Venice, 389, in Holy Land, 415 ff.

Réville, André, on Abjuratio Regni, 169; 276

Reynard, his pilgrimage, 138, 360 ff., 446 ff., as a preacher, 304; 332

Rhine country, the, 239

Rhodes, dogs at, 410, 411

Richard, St., 346