Adam, Chinese, 275.
Ages, Archæological, in China (see Neolithic Age);
in Japan, 325;
Mythical, Chinese, 274;
first Age perfect as in India, 276;
in Taoism, 316;
see also World’s Ages.
Agriculture, origin of, 6, 201.
Ainu, the, 326;
as potters, 21;
myths of, 328;
deities of sun, moon, and fire, 331;
deities of, made drunk, 330;
dragon mother of, 333;
Aniconic pillar and mother goddess, 333;
the Paradise of, 381, 382.
“All-heal” plants, 158.
All Souls, feast of, 133.
Ama-terâsu, Japanese sun goddess, 339;
creates children from jewels, 366, 367;
necklace of, 362;
sun goddess (cave and mirror myth), 368.
Amber, Buddhist belief in, 126.
America, ancient mariners in, 45;
gem symbolism in, 336;
whale worshipped in, 49.
Amoy, religious significance of situation of, 236.
Amulets, mortuary, in Egypt and China, 222.
Ancestor worship, Chinese, 242;
Egyptian Pharaoh worship, 242.
Aniconic Pillar, in Shinto myth, 350;
— Pillars, the Far Eastern, 333.
Animism, origin of, 256;
its connection with mummification, 256.
Antelope, Ea-dragon and, 51;
Horus and, 53;
Hindu wind god and, 53.
Aphrodite, Hathor and, 313;
Kwan-yin as Chinese, 272.
Apollo, as dragon on Island of Delos, 122;
as son of Hephaistos, 122;
the Mouse-, 185.
Apple, fruit of Aphrodite, 139.
Apple Tree, as Tree of Life, 124;
mandrake and, 168.
Arrow, the sounding, 375 and also note 1.
Artemis, Ainu and, 330;
Chinese Ho Sien Ku and Japanese Kasenko as, 171, 172;
goat and, 173, 174;
in Taoism, 312, 313;
mugwort of, 170;
Japanese symbolic gateway of, 339.
Arthur’s sword Excalibur, 101.
Astronomy, see Great Bear, Polar Star, Stars, &c.
Axe and hammer gods, 262.
Babylonia, Ainu deities made drunk as in, 330;
as cradle of Bronze industry, 196;
Chinese hill goddess and Ishtar, 269;
Chinese Ishtar in Deluge legend, 151;
Chinese world-giant myth and Tiamat myth, 264;
colonists from, as Kurgan builders, 200;
copper used at early period in, 194;
search for copper, &c., 194;
religious use of copper in, 195;
culture of in Eastern Asia, 202;
jade from Chinese Turkestan in, 202;
Date Tree of Life, 179;
dragon of, and Polynesian dragon, 78;
dragons of, 74;
Ea and Chinese Fu Hi, 275;
Ea and Japanese Hiruko, 351;
eagle god of, and Garuda, 70;
Gilgamesh and Sargon and Chinese Wu, 288;
ideas of, regarding souls, in China, [390]240;
Indian makara and “goat fish”, 215;
Ishtar and Chinese goddess, 267;
Island of Blest in, 109;
Japanese Deluge myth and Tiamat myth, 345;
Japanese links with, 333 and also note 2;
Japanese Yomi and Otherworld of, 340;
food of the dead, 341;
Nig-gil-ma of, 245;
Plant of Birth, 335;
Plant of Life, legend of, 99;
Pole Star as god in, 232;
Chinese astronomy from, 232;
precious stones from Chinese Turkestan, 202;
evidences of ancient trade of, 203;
religious use of reeds in, 85 and also note 3;
sea-god of (see Sumeria), 30;
Siberia and, 204;
source of Siberian and Chinese mythological monsters, 203;
Tammuz of, and Chinese, 138;
Tammuz story and Japanese, 155;
the Japanese Gilgamesh and, 379;
Tiamat dragon of, 52;
Ea-dragon, 51;
Water of Life in Adapa myth, 132;
ghosts search for food and water, 132;
wide areas influenced by culture of, 387.
Bamboo, moon and, 150;
dragon and, 150.
Barge of Death, 240.
Beads, as Kami in Japan, 343;
children created from, 366;
in Japanese religion (see Tama), 337;
sun goddess, 362.
Bear, Ainu and, 355 (see Great Bear).
Bird and serpent myths, 66;
in Diamond Valley legend, 128.
Birds, as carriers of souls, 128;
in Diamond Valley legend, 128;
the Thunder-, 162.
Bird souls in China, 150.
Blood-bag myth, 286.
Blood from trees, 143.
Blood of Life, 159.
Blood, River of, Japanese, Asiatic, and Egyptian, 346.
Blue Dragon, 57.
Boar stone, in Japanese myth, 373.
Boat, Japanese god in, 351.
Boat of Death, Chinese, 240;
Egyptian, 240.
Bride, Serpent of the Celtic goddess, 57.
British “foreign devils”, 31.
Bronze, first manufactured in Babylonia, 196;
industry, and European and Chinese links, 205;
jade and, in ancient Europe, 201.
Buddha, blue eyes of, 127;
Chinese deities and, 273;
of Western Paradise, 210;
Nagas as worshippers of, 70.
Buddhism, Chinese Taoism and, 297;
culture mixing in, 243;
Dew of life in, 140;
Japanese, 20;
religious merit in jewels, gems, &c., 126;
Shinto and, 347.
Burma, Chinese influence in, 21;
junks of, 32.
Butterfly, as Chinese longevity symbol, 225;
as soul in Mexico, 225;
as Scandinavian goddess, 225;
as soul in Italy and Greece, 225;
Psyche a, 225;
cicada and, 225;
as soul in Indonesia, 241;
soul form in China, 225;
and in Scotland, 240.
Calendar, ancient Egyptian, 11.
California, whale’s vertebra in grave in, 49.
Calisthenics, in Taoism, 320.
Camphor Tree of Life, 166.
Cardinal Points, Chinese gods of, 230;
Chinese colours of, 230;
Chinese connection of, with seasons, elements, plants, and internal organs, 230;
colours of, in Scotland and India, 229;
in Japan, 343;
jades of, 234;
pillars of, 227, 268.
Cassia Tree of Life, 141 (see Tree of Life).
Caves, wells and dragons of, 55.
Charm, Scottish and Chinese similar, 65.
Chin Dynasty, 291.
China, as culture centre in Far East, 21;
potter’s wheel in (see Potter’s wheel);
Babylonian links with, 203;
British “foreign devils” in, 31;
civilization of, began in Shensi province, 209;
Egyptian, Babylonian, and Indian influence in, 209;
civilization of, not of local origin, 388;
connection of, with Khotan, 202;
dragon lore of, 38, 46;
early culture of, similar to European, 205;
early trade of, 293;
[391]
Empire of, how formed, 295;
Great Wall of, 291;
how civilization first reached, 199;
Indian influence in South, 21;
Egyptian influence in, 23;
metal symbolism of, 37;
no “Neolithic Age” in, 213;
Siberian art links with, 203.
Chinese, a mixed people, 292.
Chinese Turkestan, Babylonian influence in, 202.
Chou Dynasty, Wu founder of, 288.
Chrysanthemum in religious legends, 140.
Cicada, jade tongue amulets, 222;
Scarab and, 223;
“Song of”, 224;
Soul and, 224;
Tree of Life and, 225;
“Shen” and the, 239.
Cinnabar, in Elixir of Life, 38.
Civilization, origin of, 2.
Cock, the Celestial, Ainu and, 330.
Colour Symbolism, black and white mandrakes, 246;
black and white nig-gil-ma, 246;
black and white rhinoceroses, 248;
black and white elephants, 248;
blue eyes of Buddha, 127;
coloured fruits and stones as forms of goddess, 165;
colours of Cardinal Points in Celtic and Indian myths, 229;
Chinese Cardinal Points, 230;
Chinese coloured internal organs, 230;
Chinese colours of seasons, elements, and planets, 230;
colours of sacred animals, 140;
five colours of dragon, 84;
gem symbolism and, 186;
green falcon of Horus, 108;
green sparrow of goddess, 139;
colours of saints, 126;
white saints, 113;
Indian metal symbolism and, 38;
jade colours, 234, 253;
Japanese and Indian Cardinal Points coloured, 344;
Japanese river of blood, 346;
mandrake colours, 174;
Osiris as green water, 9;
Plants of Life, 159;
Purple Sea legend, 140;
green Water of Life, 125, 140;
red All-father and black All-mother, 266;
red as life colour, 160;
red birds as “Thunder-birds”, 162;
red jasper as blood of goddess, 185;
the five dragons, 61;
Dragon bones colours, 61;
colours of internal organs, plants, &c., 62;
the Yellow God as Chinese Emperor, 277;
Tree of Life and, 167;
yellow fire, &c., 162;
Yellow as earth colour, 163;
Blue symbolism, 163;
White symbolism, 163;
Black symbolism, 163;
the five colours, 163.
Columbus, his search for Paradise, 119.
Confucianism, 297.
Confucian temple, god of, 233.
Copper, ancient Egyptians and, 10;
as variety of gold, 192;
early implements of, 193;
wars for mines of, 194;
search for, 197;
associated with death in China, 39;
dragon and, 38;
Japanese smelting of, 207;
malachite as offering to dead, 37;
Egyptian deities and, 37;
see Metal Symbolism.
Coral, as marine tree of goddess, 165;
Buddhist belief in, 126;
night-shining, 64, 219;
trees of, in Paradise, 165;
Chinese coral trees, 219.
Cords, The Knotted, 275.
Cosmogony, Chinese, 227;
Egyptian and Babylonian, 227;
The Ainu, 311.
Cowry (see Shells).
Creation Myths, none in Shinto, 345;
Taoist, 258;
Cosmic Egg, 260;
Pʼan Ku myths, 260;
Tibetan Ymir myth, 261, 262.
Crete, Dolphin god of, and elephant, 203;
influence of, in Asia, 206;
potter’s wheel in, 17;
prospectors from, in Asia, 200;
whale’s vertebra as amulet in, 49.
Cro-Magnon races, 5.
Cromarty, Demon in “Dropping Cave” at, 55.
Culture Heroes, Fu Hi, Chinese Adam, 275;
Shen-nung as Chinese Osiris, 277.
Culture mixing in China and Japan, 387.
Cypress Tree of Life, 166;
mandrake and, 167.
Dagan, Philistine Dagon, and, 52 (see Ea).
Date Stone elixir, 178.
Date Tree, Mesopotamian Tree of Life, 179. [392]
Deluge Legend, Chinese goddess Nu Kwa in, 151;
Chinese reference to, 267;
Nu Kwa and, 267;
Chinese date of, 268;
Japanese version, 345;
the Ainu, 332.
Deluge myth, Emperor Yu and, 283;
the Chinese, why ship is absent from, 247.
Demeter, Chinese goddess and, 138.
Devils, “The Foreign”, 31.
Dew, as Water of Life, 139.
Dew of Immortality, 144, 157;
Pot and Plant of Life and, 246.
Dew of Life, 140.
Diamond Valley Legend, Chinese version of, 128.
Dionysos, goat and, 183.
Dog, connection with trees and plants, 167;
Japanese story of Shiro, 168;
the lunar, 147.
Dolmen, in Korea, 325, and also note 1.
Dolphin, Buddhists and, 127;
Dragon and, 50.
Dragon, Apollo as, 122;
as Celestial stag in China, 51;
as water god in China, 55;
as makara, 150;
as symbol of Emperor, 54;
as Tree, 75, 152;
as Vampire, 64;
as water controller, 235;
Babylonian Ea and, 51;
Babylonian Goat-fish god, 30, 31;
Babylonian Tiamat as, 52;
bad rain from sick dragon, 364, 365;
Bird and serpent myth and, 72;
blue and yellow, 57;
characters of Chinese, 46;
Chinese and Egyptian Deathless Snake, 78, and also note 3;
Chinese and Scottish charms, 56, 57;
connection with Pines, 167;
Dugong and Dolphin and, 50;
Eastern Dragon as Indra, 238;
eggs of, 58;
Egyptian slayer of, 77;
Emperor Hwang-Ti becomes, 279;
Yao as son of, 280;
Shun and, 280;
female dragon eaten by Emperor, 285;
five colours of, 84, 163;
fish forms of, 59, 75;
folk-stories of, 76;
forms assumed by, 47;
as thunder and rain god, 47;
Indra, Zeus, &c., and, 47;
as guardians of pearls, 47;
shark and, 47;
gold and, 55;
has most “ling” of all creatures, 186;
influence of, on towns, 236;
Japanese, 343, 347;
Japanese and Indian Naga, 344;
Japanese and Nagas, 356;
“makara” and Chinese sea-dragon, 215;
moon and bamboo and, 150;
Osiris as, in serpent form, 59;
Plum tree grows from blood of, 80;
Polynesian forms of, 78;
Polynesian gods and, 48;
sea and land animals and, 50;
Teutonic, 77;
the Chinese, and metal symbolism, 38;
the Eight-Headed Japanese, slain by Susa-no-wo, 371;
the great mountain, 63;
the Japanese sea snake and, 41;
Jewels offered to, 41;
the lunar, 149;
the Polynesian (see Polynesia), tiger as enemy of, 47;
water snake becomes, 54;
coiled dragon as water-retainer, 54;
woman as, 84;
Medusa legend of, 84;
Japanese dragon woman, 85.
Dragon and Ball procession, 64.
Dragon Battles, 56.
Dragon Boat Festival, 268.
Dragon Boats, in rain-getting ceremonies, 41.
Dragon Eggs, 182.
Dragon Fire, 63.
Dragon Herbs, 79.
Dragon Island, Greek legend of, 100;
in Egyptian, Scottish, and Melanesian legends, 98.
Dragon jade symbols, 253.
Dragon Kings, the five, and the five planets, 274.
Dragon Mother, in Polynesia, 79.
Dragon of Babylonia, the Kupu of, and Polynesian Kupua, 78.
Dragon-slayer, Egyptian, 77;
Siegfried and Sigurd as, 77.
Dragon Stones, 182.
Dragon Sword of Japan, how Susa-no-wo obtained it, 372.
Dragon wells, 55.
Dragon’s Blood, manufactured from metals, 38.
Dragon’s Heart, as source of knowledge, 77.
“Dragon’s Spittle”, 79.
Dragons as guardians of treasure, 156;
Babylonian and Chinese, 74;
connection with “Water of Life” and “Tree of Life”, 75;
blue [393]rush of, 85;
Chinese and Polynesian, 67;
and Dragon Boat Festival, 269;
Egyptian serpent-island story, 98;
Five, as rulers of seasons, &c., 61;
Fungus of Immortality and, 107;
Garudas and Nagas and, 70;
gods ride on, 65;
herbs, &c., and, 183;
human shapes of, 47;
Indian Nagas and, 69;
in pools, rivers, and sea, 54;
as tide controllers, 54;
iron dreaded by, 38, 64;
as rain-bringers, 39;
fond of gems, 38;
Japanese dragon place-names, 356;
Japanese sea-gods as, 352;
Japanese “water snakes” as, 353;
“Kingdom Under the Sea” legends of, 95;
as Light-gods, 63;
Melusina legend in lore of, 86, 87;
mother of, 59;
Pearl Princess legend, 97;
pearls produced by, 39;
Japanese mountains and, 39;
Red Island of, 95;
skins of, shine by night, 64;
the Chinese nine-headed dragon, 372, and also note 2;
transformed dragons harmless, 105;
vital spirit in eyes of, 64;
Water of Life controlled by, 159;
were-animals and, 221;
whales and, 49;
women as, in China, 86;
boys become, in Japan, 86.
Dugong, dragon and, 50.
Dynasties, Chin or Tsʼin, 291;
Early and Mythical, 277;
Han, Minor, Tʼang, Sung, Mongol, Ming, and Manchu, 292;
the Chinese, Chou Dynasty, 288;
the Hea, 281;
the Shang, 285.
Ea, Babylonian god, as seafarer, 30;
Dagan and Dagon and, 52;
dragon and, 51;
antelope, goat, gazelle and, 51;
Oannes and, 31.
Eagle, jade and, 221.
East, Cult of, 134, 210;
Cult of, in China and Egypt, 60;
sacredness of, in Egypt and China, 229.
East Indies, Egyptian millet in, 9.
Eel, as Polynesian dragon, 78;
God of Samoa as, 68.
Eels as dragon-vampires, 64.
Egg, the Cosmic, 260, 266, 303;
in Shinto, 348.
Egg, the Swallow’s, Ancestress of Emperor Tʼang and, 285 (see Dragon Eggs).
Egypt, agriculture in, 6;
beliefs of, regarding souls, in China, 239, 240;
Bird and serpent myth in, 71;
Chinese adopt inventions of, 13;
potter’s wheel of, 13;
Chinese goddess and, 137;
Chinese Horus, 285;
Chinese Isis and Nephthys, 139;
Chinese Shun and Horus, 280;
cinnamon imported into, 142;
corn, fruit, and milk in Paradise, 133;
Cosmic Egg in, 348;
cult of East and of West in, 60;
Date Tree of Life, 179;
Deathless Snake of, and Chinese and Japanese dragons, 78, and also note 3, 156;
deities as fish, 59;
deities create plants of life, 180;
Dragon Isle story of, 98;
Dragon-slayer of, 77, 78;
Dragon-stones and mountain of dawn, 59;
Frog goddess of, 145;
god Ptah and Dragon, 63;
goddess of turquoise, 58;
gold plentiful in, 198, and also note 1;
Hathor and Chinese Spinning Maiden, 147;
Hathor and Taoism, 313;
Hathor beer and Far Eastern intoxicants, 330;
Heart and tongue connection in, 222;
Heart as “mind” in, 77;
Horus myth in Japan, 351;
Horus story in Japan, 155;
Indian links with, 74;
influence of, in Asia, 206;
iron as Set’s metal, 64;
Island of the Blest in Pyramid Texts of, 108;
Japanese Deluge myth and Egyptian, 345;
Pharaoh and Mikado, 341, 387;
jasper of Isis and Japanese Tama, 336;
kings of, as gods, 342;
Mikado as Osiris and Horus, 386;
Mikado and Osiris, 339, 340;
myths of, in China, 148;
myth of separation of Heaven and Earth, in Japan and Polynesia, 348;
Nile flows from Milky Way in, 111;
Nut and Chinese virgin goddess, 268;
origin of agriculture in, 201;
origin of mummification in, 257;
connection of mummification with Animism, 256;
Osiris and Chinese Shen-nung, 277;
Osiris and Lao Tze, 299;
Set and Lao Tze, 300;
[394]
Osiris of Japan, 367;
Paradises of, 135;
pearl lore in, 44;
pearl searchers of, in East, 41;
Pharaoh becomes god, 242;
Polynesian boats, 33;
Ptah and the Chinese artisan god, 262;
Osiris and Pʼan Ku, 264;
Ptah doctrine and Taoism, 303;
Queen Hatshepsut’s naval expedition, 36, 37;
red earth in Deluge myth of, 246;
religious use of reeds and linen in, 85, and also note 3;
Rhampsinitus and Chinese Wu-Yih, 286, 287, and also note 1;
scarab as mother goddess, 223;
scarab of, and Chinese cicada amulets, 222;
scarab protected heart and tongue, 223;
search for life-giving herbs, stones, &c., 207;
ships of, in Sea of Okhotsk, 32;
smelting furnaces of, in Asia and Europe, 207, 208;
star-form of goddess, 184;
struggles for copper-mines, 194;
Japanese Hathor, 386;
Tree of Life as “World Tree” in, 136;
weeping deities of, 365;
Well and Tree of Life at Heliopolis, 122;
wide areas influenced by culture of, 387.