Moon and Tree goddess, 172.
Moon Girl, the Japanese, 150.
Moon Island, 148.
Moon mead, 145.
Moon rabbit and hare, 144.
Moon Water, 145.
Moonlight Pearl, 218.
Mother Goddess, as “Mountain of Dawn”, 185;
as sun-boat, 185;
as source of moistures of life, 159;
as Tree of Life, 134;
Babylonian nig-gil-ma and, 246;
mandrake and, 246;
red earth and, 246;
Chinese, and Demeter, 138;
Chinese archer and, 144;
Chinese “Genius of the Hills”, 269, 270;
Chinese Nu Kwa, 151;
jade created by, 152;
Chinese symbols of, 265;
Cosmic Egg and, 266;
Chinese Si Wang Mu, and Japanese Seiobo, 137;
Chinese tigress as, 236, 237;
coloured fruits and stones of, 165;
connection of, with gems and metals, 216;
coral as tree of, 165;
connection of, with water, 165;
Dew of Immortality from, 144;
Egyptian and Chinese, 137;
Egyptian Hathor feeds souls of dead, 133;
European animal forms of, 183, 237;
Egyptian serpent form of, 237;
Egyptian cow-goddess, 238;
fish form of, 222;
pearl connection causes jade connection, 221;
forms and attributes of, 246;
goat form of, 183;
gold of, 189, 190;
in Taoism, 302;
jade contains influence of, 243;
Kiang Yuan as, 270;
lotus of, in Far East and Egypt, 171;
mugwort of, 171;
moon and, 146, 157;
night-shining gems and herbs of, 186;
peach and, in Japan, 343;
peach tree of, 143;
pot of, 184, 187;
star form of, 184;
scarab as, 223;
cicada as, 224;
Scottish, as a stone, 182;
sparrow as messenger of, 139;
stones as, 185;
precious stones of, 185;
the Ainu and, 329, 333;
the Heavenly Lady Pa, Virgin Mother Nu-Chi and nine Sons, 268;
“The Heavenly Lady Pao”, 278;
The Poosa as goddess [399]or Buddha, 271;
Kwan-yin, goddess of mercy, 271;
Kwan-yin as child-giver, 271;
the Syrian, 216;
tree, shells, pearls, gold, silver, jade, and, 157, 220;
see Artemis, Hathor, Izanami, &c.
Mother of Western King, Chinese goddess as, 137.
Mountains, Japanese dragons and, 39.
Mouse-Apollo, 185, 375 and also note 3.
Mouse, in Japanese Ohonamochi myth, 375.
Mugwort, reverenced by Ainu, 330;
Artemis and, 170;
Chinese lore regarding, 171;
as aid at birth, 172;
Far Eastern Artemis clothed in, 171;
Mexican goddess of, 172;
goat and, 173;
pine and, 168.
Mummification, history of, 257.
Naga form of Indra, 238.
Nagas, as guardians of pearls, 73;
Chinese dragons and, 69;
Garudas as enemies of, 70;
Japanese dragons and, 344;
Tibetan, Chinese, and Japanese, 70.
“Neolithic Age” unknown in China, 213.
Nig-gil-ma, the Babylonian, 245;
the Japanese, 349;
see Plant of Life.
Nihon-gi, Japanese sacred book, 347.
Nu-Chi, Chinese goddess, 268.
Nu Kwa, 220, 345;
as goddess of West, 151;
Japanese Jokwa, 152;
Chinese Ishtar, 269;
Fu Hi as brother of, 277;
in Deluge myth, 267.
Oak, reverenced by Ainu, 331.
Obsidian, mirrors of, 211, and also note 1;
use of, by early seafarers, 28
(see Mirror).
Ohonamochi, flight of, from Hades, 376;
in Creation myth, 376;
elfin deity and, 377;
the story of, 373.
Ojin Tenno, the Mikado, 385.
“Opening of Mouth” ceremony in Egypt and China, 222;
in Chinese myths, 258–62.
Orange Tree of Life, 379, 380
(see Tree of Life).
Osiris, agriculture and, 6;
as the Nile, 8, 53;
as dangerous god, 53;
as serpent of Nile, 52;
Babylonian Ea and, 30;
cult of, 9;
missionaries of, 9, 10;
Dionysos and Bacchus and, 10;
dragon-lore and, 54;
gazelle and, 52;
potter’s wheel and, 20.
Pʼan Ku, as ancestor of three races, 274;
as world artisan, 260;
as Chinese Ymir, 260;
Egyptian Ptah and, 262–5;
Emperor Yu as, 284.
Paradise, Ainu myths of, 331;
Chinese sages reach, 144;
Japanese “Eternal Land”, 379;
Lord of Fish carries saint to, 141;
Polynesian, 380;
Buddhist, 126;
Indian Uttara Kuru, 128;
the Stellar, 148, 210;
the “Wonderful Rose Garden”, 135;
Under-Sea, of Japan, 381;
Ainu, 381;
see also Underworld and Islands of Blest.
Patriarch Phăng lives for 1500 years, 319, 322.
Peach, as fruit of Chinese goddess, 139;
as Kami in Japan, 343;
in Japanese Hades myth, 360.
Peach of Longevity, 138.
Peach, Son of, story, 153.
Peach tree indigenous in China, 141.
Peach Tree of Life, 116, 137;
Chinese, 136
(see Tree of Life).
Pearl, as “wish-jewel”, 39;
moon and lore of, 44;
Polynesian dragon and, 51;
“soul substance” in, 86.
Pearl fishers, sharks and dragon-lore, 47;
wanderings of, 43.
Pearl Mountain, in Chinese Paradise, 137.
“Pearl of Heaven” in dragon procession, 64;
moon as, 157.
Pearl Princess legend, 97;
the Abundant, 378
(see Melusina).
Pearl-shell, mugwort and, 171;
religious use of, by Sumerians, 195, 196.
Pearls, ancient mariners as searchers for, 41;
as “life-givers” (margan), 219;
beliefs regarding origin of, [400]253;
Buddhist belief in, 126;
dragons and, 39, 49;
fish scales and, 222;
“Great Bear” and, 232;
in Japan, 343;
in Japanese waters, 333;
in Shinto faith, 335;
jade and, 157;
jade and gold used like, 214;
Japanese Tama, 220;
Nagas and, 73;
night-shining, 39, 64, 216;
Polynesian dragon and, 68;
produced at Dragon Battles, 57;
shark as guardian of, 221;
Mother Goddess and, 222;
the moonlight, 218;
flaming or fiery, 218;
whale’s eyes as, 218;
of Ebb and Flood, 40, 54.
Peking, religious significance of situation of, 236.
Perseus myth, Japanese version of, 346.
Persia, Bird and serpent myth in, 74.
Peruvians, whale worshipped by, 49.
Phœnicians, Africa circumnavigated by, 34;
as seafarers, 30;
Solomon’s mariners were, 36;
as Egypt’s mariners, 34;
colonies of, in Europe and Asia, 30.
Pike, Northern God as, 77.
Pillars of Cardinal Points, 227, 268.
Pine, Ainu and, 330;
Chinese goddess and, 270.
Pine Tree, Maiden of, 170;
Japanese Jo and Uba of, 171;
mugwort and, 168;
Japanese dog and pine story, 168.
Planets, the five, mythical kings and, 274.
Plant of Birth, 335.
Plant of Life, Babylonian legend of, 99;
Babylonian nig-gil-ma and, 245;
goat and, 173;
in Taoism, 320;
Japanese “reed shoot” as, 349, 350;
mandrake as, 174, 246;
tea as, 175;
mistletoe as, in Asia and Europe, 176;
ivy and mugwort in Asia, 176;
mandrake (ginseng), mushroom and fungus as, in Japan, 335;
mistletoe as, 100;
origin of, from tears of deities, 180;
sap of, as elixir, 145;
hemp as, 180;
the “huchu”, 177;
the “root”, in Taoism, 312.
Plants of Life, 158.
Plum tree, dragon’s blood originates, 80.
Plum Tree of Life, 116;
butterfly and, 225.
Polar Star, as “Pivot of Sky”, 232;
as Babylonian god, 232;
as Chinese god, 232.
Polynesia, ancient mariners reach, 45;
bird-god and serpent-god in, 71;
Cosmic Egg in, 348;
dragon of, 50, 51;
dragon of, and pearls, 51;
dragon of, and Babylonian, 78;
dragon of, and Chinese, 67;
“Fire nail” legend of, 84;
Garden Paradise of, 380;
Paradise of chiefs, 381;
ghosts go westward, 121;
myth of separation of Heaven and Earth in, 348;
Tree of Life in, 135;
wandering ghosts in, 132;
well of life in, 119, 120;
connection with America, 120.
Polynesian gods, Chinese dragons and, 48;
birds, beasts, and reptiles as, 48;
in sea shells, 48;
protectors of fisheries, 49.
Polynesians, Egyptian boats of, 33;
long voyages of, 33.
Poosa (see Kwan-yin).
Pot, the Mother, 16, 183, 187, 303;
Babylonian nig-gil-ma and, 245;
Chinese, 266;
Lotus and, 172.
Potters, male and female, 15.
Potter’s wheel, an Egyptian invention, 13;
China receives, 17;
Chinese same as Egyptian, 22;
in Babylonia and Persia, 22;
did not “evolve”, 17;
unknown in America, 18;
Japanese receive, 20;
Koreans and, 20, 21;
Ptah-Osiris and, 20;
sacred in Egypt, 19;
Biblical references to, 19;
Chinese Emperors and potters, 19–20;
went farther than inventors, 42.
Pottery and civilization, 14, 15.
Pottery, religious and secular, 18.
Progress, Origin of, 12.
Ptah, Egyptian god (or Ptah-Osiris), as divine potter, 20.
Pumpelly Expedition, 200.
Purple Sea, 140.
Rabbit of moon, 144.
Rain god, dragon as, 55.
Red Island, Egyptian Horus and, 99. [401]
Reed Plains, Land of, China and Japan as, 360.
Reed Shoot, in Japanese myth, 349.
Reeds, religious use of, 85, and also note 3.
Rhinoceros horn, healing qualities of, 249;
jade and, 247;
Yang in, 248;
pearl fishers used, 249;
nocturnal luminosity of, 219, 249;
warm and cold, 249.
Rhinoceros, prototype of unicorn, 250;
herbs and, 250;
as Judgment Beast, 250.
Rip Van Winkles, the Chinese, 177–180.
River of Life, Polynesian belief regarding, 121;
Ganges as, 121;
Lethe as, 121.
Rush mats, magical use of, 85.
Rush patterns on jade, 85.
Russian Turkestan, Babylonian influence in, 202.
Sacrifices, human, in China, 290.
Salmon, worshipped by Ainu, 330;
as dragon in China, 76;
as dragon in Scotland, 75;
as Irish dragon, 77;
Loki as, 76.
“Salmon of Knowledge”, the Gaelic, 77.
San Tsi herb, goat and, 173
(see Plant of Life).
Scarab, jade forms resemble, 226.
Scotland, Apple-land Paradise, 124;
doctrine of Cardinal Points in, 229;
eagle carries man to Island Paradise, 129;
eagle-stone and raven-stone, 129;
Gaelic story regarding water of life, 120;
goddess as stone, 182;
goddess with hammer, 262;
offerings to dead in, 133;
salmon as dragon in, 75;
soul forms in, 240;
calling back of souls, 241;
wind-raising stones in, 58.
Scottish serpent charm resembles Chinese, 57.
Sea-cows, 50.
Sea-dogs, dragons and, 48;
as guardians of pearls, 48.
Seafarers, ancient (see Mariners).
Sea trade, early, 293
(see Ships).
Secretary Bird, mungoose replaces, in Indian myth, 73;
origin of bird and serpent myth, 71, 72.
Seiobo, 380;
Cosmic Egg and, 266, 267;
Japanese goddess, 137;
same as Si Wang Mu of China, 137.
Serpent and bird myths, 66.
Serpent charm, Scottish, resembles Chinese, 57.
Serpent, Osiris as, 59;
the horned, dragon and, 54;
water snake becomes dragon, 54;
see Snake.
Set, gazelle and, 52.
Shang Dynasty, 285–8;
Patriarch Phăng in, 319.
Shang-ti, God of Sky, 272.
Shao-Kʼang, the Chinese Horus, 285.
Shark, as guardian of pearls, 221;
King as, 68, 69;
see Dragons.
Sharks, as dragons in Polynesia, 78;
dragons and, 47, 48.
Shells, ancient trade in, 43;
religious use of, 43;
Buddhist belief in, 126;
cowry symbolism, 44;
deities and, 44;
gold and, 164;
milk from, 374, and also note 4;
Polynesian dragon and, 51;
Polynesian gods in, 48.
Shen-ming, as father of agriculture, 20;
Osiris and, 277.
Shensi, as cradle of Chinese civilization, 209.
Shintai (god body), the Japanese, 338;
Spirit of Kami in, 341.
Shinto, concerned chiefly with food supply, health, &c., 340;
deities of fire, food, &c., 352;
Dragon Flood myth in, 346;
Gods of Sea, 352;
myth of separation of heaven and earth in, 347, 348;
not Nature worship, 386;
doctrines of, 335;
revival of, 387.
Shipbuilding, origin of, in Egypt, 27;
as Egyptian national industry, 28.
Ships, Ancient Egyptian and Chinese, 24;
earliest, on Chinese coasts, 293;
Egyptian, in Burmah, &c., 32;
in Japan, 32;
in Far East, 325;
Malay, Polynesian, &c., 33;
Cecil Torr on Egyptian types of, 33;
went farther than inventors, 42;
see Barge of Death, Boat of Death, Navigation, and Mariners.
Shun, the Emperor, as fisher, potter, and agriculturist, 20;
son of rainbow, 280.
Siberia, art links with China, 203;
bronze links with Europe, 205;
[402]
gold in, 202;
horse sacrifices in, 355;
religious symbols of, 203.
Sigurd, Chinese Shun and, 280.
Silk-worms, Chinese Empress nourishes, 278;
Japanese myth of origin of, 369.
Silver, as moon metal, 37;
as offering to dead, 37;
Babylonian nig-gil-ma and, 245;
bad metal in India, 38;
Buddhist belief in, 126;
pearls, &c., and, 219;
Tree of Life roots are, 116;
see Metal Symbolism.
Si Wang Mu, 380;
Chinese goddess, 137;
Japanese Seiobo and, 137;
Cosmic egg and, 266, 267;
in Chinese legend, 139.
Snake, Dragon-maiden as, 87;
Japanese dragon as, 353;
see Serpent.
Solomon, as importer of peacocks, 32;
imports of, 34;
ships of, 30.
Soma, moon and, 145
(see Amrita).
Soul, as White Bird in Japanese myth, 384;
calling back of, in China, Siberia, Egypt, and British Isles, 241;
Chinese ideas regarding, 239;
crane as carrier of, 240;
boat of, 240;
dragon as carrier of, 240;
departure of, during life, 240;
animal, &c., forms of, in Europe, 240;
Indonesian forms of, 241;
two souls in China, 241;
Egyptian ideas regarding, in China, 241;
Japanese dead as animals, 341;
no ghosts in early Shinto, 341;
Kami and, 343;
kings and ancestors as gods, 242;
kirins as carriers of, 240;
in moon or starland, 240;
transmigration of, 240;
Korean belief in three souls, 241;
Shinto ideas regarding, 335;
soldiers’ spirits worshipped in Japan, 386.
Sparrow as messenger of goddess, 139.
Spines of fish and whales as amulets in Europe and America, 49.
Spinning Maiden in Milky Way, 147, 148
(see Milky Way and Mother goddesses).
Spirits (see Soul).
Spirits of fallen soldiers worshipped in Japan, 386.
Stag, Chinese goddess and, 140;
dragon and, 51.
Star goddesses of China and Egypt, 147.
Star gods, as ancestors, 275;
Dragon Swords and, 275.
Stars, Chinese Emperors and, 277–80;
Chinese god and goddess of, 233;
Emperor Yu and, 281;
Irish myth and Chinese, 281, 282;
“Great Bear” constellation as controller of Yang and Yin, 231;
Norse “World mill” and, 232.