Dietetics for Nurses

Age
5 to 8	6 oz.
8 to 11	8 oz.
11 to 14	12 oz.
14 to 16	8 oz.
16 to 18	4 oz.

Courtesy of Child Health Organization of America

Scale for Judging the State of Nutrition in Children, Prepared by Professor Pirquet [178]

Pelidisi Chart (For School Children)

Sitting Height	Percentage (Pelidisi)
in Cm.	85	86	87	88	89	90	91	92	93	94	95	96
55	10.0	10.4	10.7	11.1	11.5	11.9	12.3	12.7	13.1	13.6	14.0	14.4
56	10.6	10.9	11.4	11.7	12.2	12.6	13.0	13.4	13.9	14.3	14.8	15.3
57	11.1	11.5	11.9	12.4	12.8	13.2	13.7	14.2	13.6	15.1	15.6	16.1
58	11.7	12.1	12.6	13.0	13.5	13.9	14.4	14.9	15.4	15.9	16.4	16.9
59	12.4	12.8	13.2	13.7	14.2	14.7	15.2	15.7	16.2	16.7	17.3	17.8
60	13.0	13.4	13.9	14.4	14.9	15.4	15.9	16.5	17.1	17.6	18.2	18.8
61	13.7	14.1	14.6	15.2	15.7	16.2	16.8	17.3	17.9	18.5	19.1	19.7
62	14.3	14.8	15.4	15.9	16.5	17.1	17.6	18.2	18.8	19.4	20.0	20.7
63	15.0	15.6	16.1	16.7	17.3	17.9	18.5	19.1	19.7	20.4	21.0	21.7
64	15.8	16.3	16.9	17.5	18.1	18.8	19.4	20.0	20.7	21.4	22.1	22.8
65	16.5	17.1	17.7	18.3	19.0	19.7	20.3	21.0	21.7	22.4	23.1	23.9
66	17.3	17.9	18.5	19.2	19.9	20.6	21.2	21.9	22.7	23.4	24.2	25.0
67	18.7	18.7	19.4	20.1	20.8	21.5	22.2	23.0	23.7	24.5	25.3	26.1
68	18.9	19.6	20.3	21.0	21.7	22.5	23.2	24.0	24.8	25.6	26.4	27.3
69	19.8	20.5	21.2	22.0	22.7	23.5	24.2	25.0	25.9	26.7	27.6	28.5
70	20.6	21.4	22.1	22.9	23.7	24.5	25.3	26.2	27.0	27.9	28.8	29.8
71	21.5	22.3	23.1	23.9	24.7	25.6	26.4	27.3	28.2	29.1	30.1	31.3
72	22.4	23.2	24.1	25.0	25.8	26.6	27.6	28.5	29.4	30.4	31.4	32.4
73	23.4	24.3	25.1	26.0	26.9	27.8	28.8	29.8	30.7	31.7	32.8	33.8
74	24.4	25.3	26.2	27.1	28.0	29.0	30.0	31.0	32.0	33.0	34.0	35.2
75	25.4	26.3	27.2	28.2	29.2	30.2	31.2	32.3	33.2	34.3	35.5	36.6
76	26.4	27.4	28.4	29.4	30.3	31.3	32.7	33.5	34.6	35.7	36.9	38.2
77	27.5	28.4	29.5	30.6	31.6	32.6	33.8	34.8	36.0	37.2	38.4	39.6
78	28.6	29.6	30.7	31.8	32.8	33.9	35.0	36.2	37.4	38.6	40.0	41.1
79	29.7	30.8	31.8	33.0	34.0	35.2	36.4	37.7	38.8	40.1	41.5	42.8
80	30.8	31.9	33.1	34.2	35.4	36.6	37.9	39.0	40.4	41.7	43.0	44.5
81	32.0	33.2	34.3	35.5	36.7	38.0	39.3	40.5	41.9	43.3	44.7	46.1
82	33.2	34.4	35.6	36.8	38.1	39.4	40.8	42.0	43.5	45.0	46.4	47.9
83	34.4	35.7	36.9	38.2	39.6	40.8	42.3	43.7	45.1	46.6	48.0	49.6
84	35.7	37.0	38.2	39.6	41.0	42.3	43.8	45.3	46.8	48.3	49.9	51.5
85	37.0	38.2	39.6	41.0	42.4	43.9	46.4	46.9	48.5	50.0	51.6	53.4
86	38.3	39.6	41.0	42.5	44.0	45.5	47.0	48.7	50.2	51.9	53.7	55.4
87	39.6	41.0	42.5	44.0	45.5	47.1	48.7	50.3	52.0	53.8	55.5	57.2
88	41.0	42.5	44.0	45.5	47.2	48.7	50.4	52.0	58.8	55.5	57.5	59.3
89	42.5	44.0	45.5	47.1	48.8	50.5	52.2	53.9	55.7	57.5	59.6	61.2
90	44.0	45.4	47.0	48.7	50.4	52.2	54.0	55.8	57.5	59.5	61.5	63.4

Sitting Height	Percentage (Pelidisi)
in Cm.	97	98	99	100	101	102	103	104	105	106	107	108
55	14.9	15.4	15.8	16.4	16.9	17.4	17.9	18.4	19.0	19.6	20.1	20.7
56	15.7	16.2	16.8	17.3	17.9	18.4	18.9	19.5	20.1	20.6	21.2	21.8
57	16.6	17.1	17.7	18.2	18.8	19.4	20.0	20.6	21.2	21.8	22.4	23.0
58	17.5	18.0	18.6	19.2	19.8	20.4	21.0	21.6	22.3	22.9	23.6	24.2
59	18.4	19.0	19.6	20.2	20.9	21.5	22.2	22.8	23.5	24.1	24.8	25.6
60	19.3	20.0	20.6	21.2	22.0	22.6	23.3	24.0	24.6	25.4	26.1	26.8
61	20.3	21.0	21.7	22.4	23.1	23.7	24.4	25.2	25.9	26.6	27.4	28.2
62	21.4	22.1	22.8	23.4	24.2	24.9	25.7	26.4	27.2	28.0	28.8	29.6
63	22.4	23.2	23.8	24.6	25.4	26.2	27.0	27.8	28.6	29.4	30.2	31.1
64	23.5	24.3	25.0	25.8	26.8	27.4	28.2	29.1	30.0	30.8	31.6	32.6
65	24.6	25.5	26.2	27.0	27.9	28.8	29.6	30.5	31.4	32.2	33.2	34.2
66	25.7	26.6	27.4	28.2	29.2	30.0	31.0	31.9	32.8	33.8	34.8	35.8
67	26.9	27.8	28.6	29.5	30.6	31.4	32.4	33.4	34.3	35.4	36.3	37.4
68	28.2	29.1	30.0	30.9	32.0	32.9	33.8	34.9	35.9	36.9	38.0	39.1
69	29.7	30.4	31.3	32.3	33.4	34.4	35.4	36.4	37.5	38.6	39.7	40.9
70	30.7	31.6	32.7	33.8	34.8	35.8	37.0	38.1	39.1	40.3	41.5	42.6
71	32.1	33.1	34.1	35.2	36.4	37.4	38.6	39.7	40.9	42.0	43.2	44.5
72	33.5	34.5	35.6	36.7	38.0	39.0	40.3	41.5	42.6	43.9	45.1	46.8
73	34.9	36.0	37.0	38.2	39.5	40.7	42.0	43.2	44.5	45.7	47.1	48.4
74	36.3	37.4	38.6	39.8	41.1	42.4	43.7	45.0	46.4	47.6	49.0	50.4
75	37.8	39.0	40.1	41.4	42.8	44.1	45.4	46.9	48.3	49.5	50.9	52.5
76	39.3	40.5	41.7	43.1	44.5	45.9	47.3	48.7	50.3	51.5	53.0	54.5
77	40.9	42.7	43.5	44.8	46.4	47.7	49.2	50.7	52.3	53.6	55.2	56.8
78	42.5	43.9	45.2	46.6	48.2	49.6	51.0	52.6	54.3	55.7	57.3	58.9
79	44.1	45.5	46.9	48.4	50.0	51.5	53.1	54.7	56.5	58.0	59.6	61.3
80	45.9	47.3	48.7	50.2	52.0	53.6	55.1	56.9	58.6	60.1	61.8	63.7
81	47.6	49.1	50.6	52.1	54.0	55.5	57.3	59.0	60.8	62.5	64.3	66.0
82	49.9	51.0	52.5	54.1	56.0	57.6	59.5	61.3	63.0	67.9	66.7	68.5
83	51.2	52.9	54.5	56.1	58.1	59.7	61.7	63.5	65.3	67.2	69.1	71.0
84	53.0	54.8	56.5	58.2	60.2	62.0	64.0	65.8	67.7	69.7	71.6	73.6
85	55.0	56.8	58.5	60.4	62.4	64.3	66.3	68.2	70.0	72.1	74.2	76.3
86	57.1	58.9	60.7	62.6	64.6	66.5	68.5	70.5	72.7	74.8	76.9	79.0
87	59.1	60.9	62.9	64.7	66.9	69.0	71.0	73.0	75.2	77.5	79.6	81.8
88	61.2	63.0	65.0	67.0	69.3	71.4	73.5	75.5	77.8	80.0	82.4	84.7
89	63.3	65.3	67.3	69.4	71.6	73.6	76.0	78.1	80.5	82.9	85.2	87.5
90	65.4	67.5	69.5	71.5	74.0	76.4	78.6	80.9	83.4	85.7	88.1	90.5

Instructions for use: To determine the “pelidisi,” locate in the left-hand column the child’s sitting height in centimeters. With a ruler follow the weights in kilograms to the right until the proper figure is reached. Trace upward in that column to the heavy figure at the top, which indicates the pelidisi.

FOOTNOTE:

[178] This material was published in the American Medical Journal, Vol. 77, No. 20, Nov. 12, 1921, by Dr. William E. Carter, Dept. Pediatrics, University of California Medical School, San Francisco, Calif.

THE NUTRITIONAL INDEX—THE “PELIDISI”

Pirquet believes that the sitting height is a basis for the more accurate estimation of the nutritional state than is the standing height. It was demonstrated that the cube of the sitting height in centimeters is approximately ten times the weight in grams of the normal person. With this formula in mind, it becomes easy to compute the nutritional state in percentages, when the sitting height and the weight are known. The formula would read:

ADDENDA TO INDEX

Diet, in fevers, 244
in infectious diseases, 244, 244j

Diphtheria, 244d, 244k
complications of, 244d, 244k
convalescent diet in, 244e, 244k
dietetic treatment of, 244e, 244k
gavage in, 244k
rectal feeding in, 244e, 244k

Fevers, diet in, 244

Infant feeding, in infectious diseases, 244

Infectious diseases, diet in, 244, 244j
infant feeding in, 244
restricting diet in, 244a

Measles, 244h, 244l
complications of, 244h, 244l
dietetic treatment of, 244i, 244l

Nephritis in scarlet fever, 244c, 244j

Scarlet fever, 244b, 244j
convalescent treatment in, 244d
dietetic treatment of, 244c, 244j
nephritis in, 244c, 244j

Whooping cough, 244e, 244k
after-effects of, 244f
complications of, 244f, 244k
dietetic treatment of, 244f, 244k
hygiene and sanitation in, 244g

INDEX

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z

Absorption, 166, 176
defined, 166
in large intestine, 178
of carbohydrate, 177
of fat, 177
of mineral salts, 178
of proteins, 177
of water, 177

Acetone bodies, in diabetes, 401

Acetone in urine, test for, 333

Acid, uric, see Uric acid

Acid content of stomach, determining of, 248

Acid-forming foods, 184, 454

Acidosis, 453, 454, 458
dietetic treatment in, 453, 458
fat metabolism in, 453
in diabetes mellitus, 372, 382, 401, 454
in typhoid fever, 299

Acids, amino, 19
organic, 13

Added urea and salt test, 351

Adenase, 171

Adenin, 184

Adipose tissue, 15

Adult, factors influencing food requirement of, 43

Agar jelly, preparation of, 147

Age, influence of on food requirements, 43

Albumen, in urine, 333
tests for, 333

Albumen milk, preparation of, 142

Albumen water, with brandy, preparation of, 141

Albumenized grape juice, preparation of, 97
lemonade, preparation of, 97
milk, preparation of, 87
milk shake, preparation of, 87
orangeade, preparation of, 96

Albumins, 20

Albuminoids, 21

Albuminuria, 333
of pregnancy, diet in, 197

Alcohol in gout, 418

Alfalfa, vitamines in, 498

Alkalies, effect of on vitamine B, 32
in diabetes mellitus, 382
in infant feeding, 205, 206

Alkaline carbonates, effect of on gastric secretion, 175

Allen’s Paradoxical Law, 371
starvation treatment in diabetes, 63, 372

Almond biscuits, preparation of, 157

Almond flour, preparation of, 158

Almond ice cream, preparation of, 91

Almond meal, preparation of, 158

Almonds, ash constituent of, 472
composition of, 484
food content of, 478
fuel value of, 461, 484
nutrient value of, 461
standard portion of, 478

Amino acids, 19

Ammonium salts, 183

Amylopsin, 171, 174

Anabolism, 181

Anemia, in gastric ulceration, 255

Angel food cake, preparation of, 110

Appendicitis, 268, 278
convalescent diet in, 269, 278
dietetic treatment in, 269, 278
after operation, 317, 321
food to be avoided in, 269
recurring, 278
relapse in, 278

Apples, ash constituent of, 472
composition of, 484
food content of, 478
fuel value of, 461, 484
nutrient value of, 461
standard portion of, 478
vitamines in, 497

Apple tapioca pudding, preparation of, 107

Apricot ice, preparation of, 137

Apricots, ash constituent of, 472
composition of, 484
food content of, 478
fuel value of, 461, 484
nutrient value of, 461
standard portion of, 478

Arrowroot, composition of, 484
fuel value of, 484

Artificial feeding of infants, 205

Artificially fed infants, digestive disturbances in, 231

Artichoke, composition of, 484
fuel value of, 461, 484
nutrient value of, 481

Ash, 25

Ash constituents of foods, 472, 473, 474, 475, 476, 477

Asparagus, ash constituent of, 484
composition of, 484
food content of, 478
fuel value of, 461, 484
nutrient value of, 461
standard portion of, 478

Auto-intoxication, 273
absorption of toxins in, 273
care of bowels in, 273
convalescent diet in, 275
dietetic treatment of, 273

Autolytic enzymes, 171

Avocado, fuel value of, 461
nutrient value of, 461

Bacon, ash constituent of, 472
composition of, 484
food content of, 478
fuel value of, 461, 484
nutrient value of, 461
standard portion of, 478

Bacteria, action of in alimentary canal, 178
types of, 180

Bacterial action, in body, 180
upon carbohydrates, 13

Bacterial activity, 181

Baked custard, preparation of, 102

Baked onion, preparation of, 151

Baked potato, preparation of, 130

Baked tapioca, preparation of, 106

Baking, 71

Bananas, ash constituent of, 472
composition of, 484
food content of, 478
fuel value of, 461, 484
nutrient value of, 461
standard portion of, 478
vitamines in, 497

Banting’s method for obesity, 426, 427

Barley, ash constituent of, 472
composition of, 484
fuel value of, 461, 484
nutrient value of, 461
vitamines in, 496

Barley water, 220
preparation of, 140

Basal metabolism, 42

Basal requirements, 42

Bass, composition of, 484
fuel value of, 484

Beans, ash constituent of, 472
composition of, 484
food content of, 478
fuel value of, 461, 484
nutrient value of, 461
standard portion of, 478
vitamines in, 497

Beef, and see Meats
ash constituents of, 472
cuts of, 117
food content of, 473
fuel value of, 462, 463, 484
composition of, 484
methods of preparing, 117
nutrient value of, 462, 463
standard portion of, 478
vitamines in, 496

Beef broth, preparation of, 118

Beef juice, preparation of, 119, 141

Beef steak, preparation of, 123

Beer, ash constituents of, 472

Beets, ash constituent of, 472
composition of, 484
food content of, 478
fuel value of, 463, 484
nutrient value of, 463
standard portion of, 478
vitamines in, 496

Benedict’s solution, 331, 332

Benedict’s test for sugar in urine, 328, 329, 331, 332

Bile, 174

Biliousness, 404, 414

Birds à la bain marie, preparation of, 121

Blackberries, ash constituent of, 472
fuel value of, 463
nutrient value of, 463

Blackfish, fuel value of, 463
nutrient value of, 463

Blood, ash constituent of, 472
vitamines in, 498

Bluefish, ash constituent of, 472
composition of, 484
fuel value of, 463, 484
nutrient value of, 463

Body, 165
chemical composition of, 165
food requirements of, 42, 50, 165
metabolism of tissues of, 187

Boas’ enema, preparation of, 146

Boiled corn beef with cabbage and other vegetables, preparation of, 153

Boiling, 70

Bomb calorimeter, 36

Borax, test for, 68

Boric acid, test for, 68

Boston crackers, fuel value of, 463
nutrient value of, 463

Bowels, of nursing mother, 197

Boys, height and weight of, 500

Brains, vitamines in, 496

Bran, composition of, 484
fuel value of, 484

Bran agar wafers, preparation of, 146