EXPLANATORY LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS TO VOLUME II.

INSERTED PLATES AND MAPS.
To face page  
Title.
 Portrait bearing the inscription “Marcus Polvs Venetvs Totivs Orbis et Indie Peregrator Primvs.” In the Gallery of Monsignor Badia at Rome; copied by Sign. Giuseppe Gnoli, Rome.
xxiv.
 Medallion, representing Marco Polo in the Prison of Genoa, dictating his story to Master Rustician of Pisa, drawn by Signor Quinto Cenni from a rough design by Sir Henry Yule.
29.
 The celebrated Christian Inscription of Si-ngan fu. Photolithographed by Mr. W. Grigg, from a Rubbing of the original monument, given to the Editor by the Baron F. von Richthofen.

This rubbing is more complete than that used in the first edition, for which the Editor was indebted to the kindness of William Lockhart, Esq.
79.
 The Lake of Tali (Carajan of Polo) from the Northern End. Woodcut after Lieut. Delaporte, borrowed from Lieut. Garnier’s Narrative in the Tour du Monde.
79.
 Suspension Bridge, neighbourhood of Tali. From a photograph by M. Tannant.
111.
 The City of Mien, with the Gold and Silver Towers. From a drawing by the Editor, based upon his sketches of the remains of the City so called by Marco Polo, viz., Pagán, the mediæval capital of Burma.
131.
 Itineraries of Marco Polo. No. V. The Indo-Chinese Countries. With a small sketch extracted from a Chinese Map in the possession of Baron von Richthofen, showing the position of Kien-ch’ang, the Caindu of Marco Polo.
143.
 Sketch Map exhibiting the Variations of the Two Great Rivers of China, within the Period of History.
182.
 The City of Su-chau. Reduced by the Editor from a Rubbing of a Plan incised on Marble, and preserved in the Great Confucian Temple in the City.

The date of the original set of Maps, of which this was one, is uncertain, owing to the partial illegibility of the Inscription; but it is subsequent to A.D. 1000. They were engraved on the Marble A.D. 1247. Many of the names have been obliterated, and a few of those given in the copy are filled up from modern information, as the Editor learns from Mr. Wylie, to whom he owes this valuable illustration.
193.
Map of Hang-chau fu and its Lake, from Chinese Sources.

The Map as published in the former edition was based on a Chinese Map in the possession of Dr. W. Lockhart, with some particulars from Maps in a copy of the Local Topography, Hang-Chau-fu-chi, in the B. Museum Library. In the second edition the Map has been entirely redrawn by the Editor, with many corrections, and with the aid of new materials, supplied by the kindness of the Rev. G. Moule of the Church Mission at Hang-chau. These materials embrace a Paper read by Mr. Moule before the N. China Branch of the R. As. Soc. at Shang-hai; a modern engraved Map of the City on a large scale; and a large MS. Map of the City and Lake, compiled by John Shing, Tailor, a Chinese Christian and Catechist;

The small Side-plan is the City of Si-ngan fu, from a plan published during the Mongol rule, in the 14th century, a tracing of which was sent by Mr. Wylie. The following references could not be introduced in lettering for want of space:—

  1. Yuen-Tu-Kwan (Tauist Monastery).
  2. Chapel of Hien-ning Prince.
  3. Leih-Ching Square (Fang).
  4. Tauist Monastery.
  5. Kie-lin General Court.
  6. Ancestral Chapel of Yang-Wan-Kang.
  7. Chapel of the Mid-year Genius.
  8. Temple of the Martial Peaceful King.
  9. Stone where officers are selected.
  10. Mews.
  11. Jasper-Waves Square (Fang).
  12. Court of Enquiry.
  13. Gate of the Făng-Yuen Circuit.
  14. Bright Gate.
  15. Northern Tribunal.
  1. Refectory.
  2. Chapel of the Făng-Yuen Prince.
  3. Embroidery manufactory.
  4. Hwa-li Temple.
  5. Old Superintendency of Investigations.
  6. Superintendent of Works.
  7. Ka-yuen Monastery.
  8. Prefectural Confucian Temple.
  9. Benevolent Institution.
  10. Temple of Tu-Ke-King.
  11. Balustrade enclosure.
  12. Medicine-Bazar Street.
  13. Tsin and Ching States Chapel.
  14. Square of the Double Cassia Tree.

N.B.—The shaded spaces are marked in the original Min-Keu “Dwellings of the People.”
213.
 Plan of Southern Part of the City of King-szé (or Hang-chau), with the Palace of the Sung Emperors. From a Chinese Plan forming part of a Reprint of the official Topography of the City during the period Hien-Shun (1265–1274) of the Sung Dynasty, i.e. the period terminated by the Mongol conquest of the City and Empire. Mr. Moule, who possesses the Chinese plan (with others of the same set), has come to the conclusion that it is a copy at second-hand. Names that are underlined are such as are preserved in the modern Map of Hang-chau. I am indebted for the use of the original plan to Mr. Moule; for the photographic copy and rendering of the names to Mr. Wylie.
241.
 Sketch Map of the Great Ports of Fo-kien, to illustrate the identity of Marco Polo’s Zayton. Besides the Admiralty Charts and other well-known sources the Editor has used in forming this a “Missionary Map of Amoy and the Neighbouring Country,” on a large scale, sent him by the Rev. Carstairs Douglas, LL.D., of Amoy. This contains some points not to be found in the others.
246.
 Itineraries of Marco Polo, No. VI. The Journey through Kiang-Nan, Che-kiang, and Fo-kien.
313.
 1. Map to illustrate Marco Polo’s Chapters on the Malay Countries.
2. Map to illustrate his Chapters on Southern India.
375.
 1. Sketch showing the Position of Káyal in Tinnevelly.
2. Map showing the Position of the Kingdom of Ely in Malabar.
440.
 Aden, with the attempted Escalade under Alboquerque in 1513, being the Reduced Facsimile of a large contemporary Wood Engraving in the Map Department of the British Museum. (Size of the original 42½ inches by 19⅛ inches.) Photolithographic Reduction by Mr. G. B. Praetorius, through the assistance of R. H. Major, Esq.
474.
 Facsimile of the Letters sent to Philip the Fair, King of France, by Arghún Khan, in A.D. 1289, and by Oljaïtu, in A.D. 1305, preserved in the Archives of France, and reproduced from the Recueil des Documents de l’Époque Mongole by kind permission of H.H. Prince Roland Bonaparte.
594.
 Some of the objects found by Dr. M. A. Stein, in Central Asia. From a photograph kindly lent by the Traveller.
WOODCUTS PRINTED WITH THE TEXT.
Book Second.—Part Second.
Page
  
4.
 The Bridge of Pulisanghin, the Lu-ku-k’iao of the Chinese, reduced from a large Chinese Engraving in the Geographical work called Ki-fu-thung-chi in the Paris Library. I owe the indication of this, and of the Portrait of Kúblái Kaan in vol. i. to notes in M. Pauthier’s edition.
5.
 The Bridge of Pulisanghin. From the Livre des Merveilles.
8.
 Bridge of Lu-ku-k’iao. From a photograph by Count de Semallé.
9.
 Bridge of Lu-ku-k’iao. From a photograph by Count de Semallé.
19.
 The Roi d’Or. Professed Portrait of the Last of the Altun Khans or Kin Emperors of Cathay, from the (fragmentary) Arabic Manuscript of Rashiduddin’s History in the Library of the Royal Asiatic Society. This Manuscript is supposed to have been transcribed under the eye of Rashiduddin, and the drawings were probably derived from Chinese originals.
26.
 Plan of Ki-chau, after Duhalde.
30.
 The Cross incised at the head of the Great Christian Inscription of Si-ngan fu (A.D. 781); actual size, from copy of a pencil rubbing made on the original by the Rev. J. Lees. Received from Mr. A. Wylie.
38.
 Diagram to elucidate the cities of Ch’êng-tu fu.
39.
 Plan of Ch’êng-tu. From Marcel Monnier’s Tour d’Asie, by kind permission of M. Plon.
41.
 Bridge near Kwan-hsien (Ch’êng-tu). From Marcel Monnier’s Tour d’Asie, by kind permission of M. Plon.
47.
 Mountaineers on the Borders of Sze-ch’wan and Tibet, from one of the illustrations to Lieut. Garnier’s Narrative (see p. 48). From Tour du Monde.
50.
 Village of Eastern Tibet on Sze-ch’wan Frontier. From Mr. Cooper’s Travels of a Pioneer of Commerce.
52.
 Example of Roads on the Tibetan Frontier of China (being actually a view of the Gorge of the Lan t’sang Kiang). From Mr. Cooper’s Travels of a Pioneer of Commerce.
55.
 The Valley of the Kin-sha Kiang, near the lower end of the Caindu of Marco Polo. From Lieut. Garnier in the Tour du Monde.
58.
 Salt Pans in Yun-nan. From the same.
61.
 Black Lolo.
62.
 White Lolo. From Devéria’s Frontière Sino-annamite.
66.
 Pa-y Script. From the T’oung-Pao.
68.
 Garden-House on the Lake of Yun-nan-fu, Yachi of Polo. From Lieut. Garnier in the Tour du Monde.
72.
 Road descending from the Table-Land of Yun-nan into the Valley of the Kin-sha Kiang (the Brius of Polo). From the same.
73.
 “A Saracen of Carajan,” being the portrait of a Mahomedan Mullah in Western Yun-nan. From the same.
75.
 The Canal at Yun-nan fu. From a photograph by M. Tannant.
78.
 “Riding long like Frenchmen,” exemplified from the Bayeux Tapestry. After Lacroix, Vie Militaire du Moyen Age.
83.
 The Sang-miau tribe of Kwei-chau, with the Cross-bow. From a coloured drawing in a Chinese work on the Aboriginal Tribes, belonging to W. Lockhart, Esq.
90.
 Portraits of a Kakhyen man and woman. Drawn by Q. Cenni from a photograph (anonymous).
108.
 Temple called Gaudapalén in the city of Mien (i.e. Pagán in Burma), erected circa A.D. 1160. Engraving after a sketch by the first Editor, from Fergusson’s History of Architecture.
111.
 The Palace of the King of Mien in modern times (viz., the Palace at Amarapura). From the same, being partly from a sketch by the first Editor.
118.
 Script Pa-pe. From the T’oung-Pao.
122.
 Ho-nhi and other Tribes in the Department of Lin-ngan in S. Yun-nan, supposed to be the Anin country of Marco Polo. From Garnier in the Tour du Monde.
125.
 The Koloman tribe, on borders of Kwei-chau and Yun-nan. From coloured drawing in Mr. Lockhart’s book as above (under p. 83).
129.
 Script thaï of Xieng-hung. From the T’oung-Pao.
130.
 Iron Suspension Bridge at Lowatong. From Garnier in Tour du Monde.
131.
 Fortified Villages on Western Frontier of Kwei-chau. From the same.
Book Second.—Part Third.
Page
  
155.
 Yang-chau: the three Cities under the Sung.
156.
 Yang-chau: the Great City under the Sung. From Chinese Plans kindly sent to the present Editor by the late Father H. Havret, S.J., Zi-ka-wei.
162.
 Mediæval Artillery Engines. Figs, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, are Chinese. The first four are from the Encyclopædia San-Thsai-Thou-hoei (Paris Library), the last from Amyot, vol. viii.

Figs. 6, 7, 8 are Saracen, 6 and 7 are taken from the work of Reinaud and Favé, Du Feu Grégeois, and by them from the Arabic MS. of Hassan al Raumah (Arab Anc. Fonds, No. 1127). Fig. 8 is from Lord Munster’s Arabic Catalogue of Military Works, and by him from a MS. of Rashiduddin’s History.

The remainder are European. Fig. 9 is from Pertz, Scriptores, vol. xviii., and by him from a figure of the Siege of Arbicella, 1227, in a MS. of Genoese Annals (No. 773, Supp. Lat. of Bib. Imp.). Fig. 10 from Shaw’s Dresses and Decorations of the Middle Ages, vol. i., No. 21, after B. Mus. MS. Reg. 16, G. vi. Fig. 11 from Pertz as above, under A.D. 1182. Fig. 12, from Valturius de Re Militari, Verona, 1483. Figs. 13 and 14 from the Poliorceticon of Justus Lipsius. Fig. 15 is after the Bodleian MS. of the Romance of Alexander (A.D. 1338), but is taken from the Gentleman’s Magazine, 3rd ser. vol. vii. p. 467. Fig. 16 from Lacroix’s Art au Moyen Age, after a miniature of 13th cent. in the Paris Library. Figs. 17 and 18 from the Emperor Napoleon’s Études de l’Artillerie, and by him taken from the MS. of Paulus Santinus (Lat. MS. 7329 in Paris Library). Fig. 19 from Professor Moseley’s restoration of a Trebuchet, after the data in the Mediæval Note-book of Villars de Honcourt, in Gentleman’s Magazine as above. Figs. 20 and 21 from the Emperor’s Book. Fig. 22 from a German MS. in the Bern Library, the Chronicle of Justinger and Schilling.
169.
 Coin from a treasure hidden during the siege of Siang-yang in 1268–73, and lately discovered in that city.
172.
Island Monasteries on the Yang-tzŭ kiang; viz.:—

1. Uppermost. The “Little Orphan Rock,” after a cut in Oliphant’s Narrative.

2. Middle. The “Golden Island” near Chin-kiang fu, after Fisher’s China. (This has been accidentally reversed in the drawing.)

3. Lower. The “Silver Island,” below the last, after Mr. Lindley’s book on the T’ai-P’ings.
177.
 The West Gate of Chin-kiang fu. From an engraving in Fisher’s China after a sketch made by Admiral Stoddart, R.N., in 1842.
183.
 South-West Gate and Water Gate of Su-chau; facsimile on half scale from the incised Map of 1247. (See List of Inserted Plates preceding, under p. 182.)
193.
 The old Luh-ho-ta or Pagoda of Six Harmonies near Hang-chau, and anciently marking the extreme S.W. angle of the city. Drawn by Q. Cenni from an anonymous photograph received from the Rev. G. Moule.
196.
 Imperial City of Hang-chau in the 13th Century.
197.
 Metropolitan City of Hang-chau in the 13th Century. From the Notes of the Right Rev. G. E. Moule.
209.
 Fang of Si-ngan Fu. Communicated by A. Wylie.
212.
 Stone Chwang or Umbrella Column, one of two which still mark the site of the ancient Buddhist Monastery called Fan-T’ien-Sze or “Brahma’s Temple” at Hang-chau. Reduced from a pen-and-ink sketch by Mr. Moule.
223.
 Mr. Phillips’ Theory of Marco Polo’s Route through Fo-Kien.
228.
 Scene in the Bohea Mountains, on Polo’s route between Kiang-Si and Fo-Kien. From Fortune’s Three Years’ Wanderings.
233.
 Scene on the Min River below Fu-chau. From the same.
245.
 The Kaan’s Fleet leaving the Port of Zayton. The scenery is taken from an engraving in Fisher’s China, purporting to represent the mouth of the Chinchew River (or River of Tswan-chau), after a sketch by Capt. (now Adm.) Stoddart. But the Rev. Dr. Douglas, having pointed out that this cut really supported his view of the identity of Zayton, being a view of the Chang-chau River, reference was made to Admiral Stoddart, and Dr. Douglas proves to be quite right. The View was really one of the Chang-chau River; but the Editor has not been able to procure material for one of the Tswan-chau River, and so he leaves it.

Book Third
Page
  
248.
 The Kaan’s Fleet passing through the Indian Archipelago. From a drawing by the Editor.
254.
 Ancient Japanese Emperor, after a Native Drawing. From the Tour du Monde.
257.
 Ancient Japanese Archer, after a native drawing. From the same.
261.
 The Japanese engaged in combat with the Chinese, after an ancient native drawing. From Charton, Voyageurs Anciens et Modernes.
273.
 Java. A view in the interior. From a sketch of the slopes of the Gedéh Volcano, taken by the Editor in 1860.
274.
 Bas Relief of one of the Vessels frequenting the Ports of Java in the Middle Ages. From one of the sculptures of the Boro Bodor, after a photograph.
289.
 The three Asiatic Rhinoceroses. Adapted from a proof of a woodcut given to the Editor for the purpose by the late eminent zoologist, Edward Blyth. It is not known to the Editor whether the cut appeared in any other publication.
291.
 Monoceros and the Maiden. From a mediæval drawing engraved in Cahier et Martin, Mélanges d’Archéologie, II. Pl. 30.
310.
 The Borús. From a manuscript belonging to the late Charles Schefer, now in the Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris.
311.
 The Cynocephali. From the Livre des Merveilles.
321.
 Adam’s Peak from the Sea.
327.
 Sakya Muni as a Saint of the Roman Martyrology. Facsimile from an old German version of the story of Barlaam and Josaphat (circa 1477), printed by Zainer at Augsburg, in the British Museum.
330.
 Tooth Reliques of Buddha. 1. At Kandy, after Emerson Tennent. 2. At Fu-chau, after Fortune.
336.
 “Chinese Pagoda” (so called) at Negapatam. From a sketch taken by Sir Walter Elliot, K.C.S.I., in 1846.
352.
 Pagoda at Tanjore. From Fergusson’s History of Architecture.
353.
 Ancient Cross with Pehlvi Inscription, preserved in the church on St. Thomas’s Mount near Madras. From a photograph, the gift of A. Burnell, Esq., of the Madras Civil Service, assisted by a lithographic drawing in his unpublished pamphlet on Pehlvi Crosses in South India. N.B.—The lithograph has now appeared in the Indian Antiquary, November, 1874.
356.
 The Little Mount of St. Thomas, near Madras. After Daniel.
358.
 Small Map of the St. Thomas localities at Madras.
378.
 Ancient Christian Church at Parúr or Palúr, on the Malabar Coast; from an engraving in Pearson’s Life of Claudius Buchanan, after a sketch by the latter.
379.
 Syrian Church at Caranyachirra, showing the quasi-Jesuit Façade generally adopted in modern times. From the Life of Bishop Daniel Wilson.
379.
 Interior of Syrian Church at Kötteiyam. From the same.
384.
 Cape Comorin. From an original sketch by Mr. Foote of the Geological Survey of India.
387.
 Mount d’Ely. From a nautical sketch of last century.
393.
 Mediæval Architecture in Guzerat, being a view of Gateway at Jinjawára, given in Forbes’s Ras Mala. From Fergusson’s History of Architecture.
399.
 The Gates of Somnath (so called), as preserved in the British Arsenal at Agra. From a photograph by Messrs. Shepherd and Bourne, converted into an elevation.
415.
 The Rukh, after a Persian drawing. From Lane’s Arabian Nights.
416.
 Frontispiece of A. Müller’s Marco Polo, showing the Bird Rukh.
425.
 The Ethiopian Sheep. From a sketch by Miss Catherine Frere.
441.
 View of Aden in 1840. From a sketch by Dr. R. Kirk in the Map-room of the Royal Geographical Society.
447.
 The Harvest of Frankincense in Arabia. Facsimile of an engraving in Thevet’s Cosmographie Universelle (1575). Reproduced from Cassell’s Bible Educator, by the courtesy of the publishers.
448.
 Boswellia Frereana, from a drawing by Mr. W. H. Fitch. The use of this engraving is granted by the India Museum through the kindness of Sir George Birdwood.
453.
 A Persian Bád-gír, or Wind-Catcher. From a drawing in the Atlas to Hommaire de Hell’s Persia. Engraved by Adeney.
Book Fourth.
Page
  
478.
 Tomb of Oljaitu Khan, the brother of Polo’s Casan, at Sultaniah. From Fergusson’s History of Architecture.
483.
 The Siberian Dog-Sledge. From the Tour du Monde.
489.
 Mediæval Russian Church. From Fergusson’s History of Architecture.
493.
 Figure of a Tartar under the Feet of Henry Duke of Silesia, Cracow, and Poland, from the tomb at Breslau of that Prince, killed in battle with the Tartar host, 9th April, 1241. After a plate in Schlesische Fürstenbilder des Mittelalters, Breslau, 1868.
501.
 Asiatic Warriors of Polo’s Age. From the MS. of Rashiduddin’s History, noticed under cut at p. 19. Engraved by Adeney.