Reuchlinists, defenders of the Jews, 456, 457.
Rheims, Hebrew studies at, 474.
Rheingau, the, Jews of, expelled, 543.
Rhine, the, island in, scene of a persecution, 107.
Jewish communities on, massacred, 225.
Rhineland, the, Jews of, persecuted, 97, 107.
Ribash. See Isaac ben Sheshet Barfat.
Riccio, Paul, convert, 466.
Rieti, da, Gajo. See Moses ben Isaac da Rieti.
Rindfleisch, persecutor of the Jews, 35–36.
Robert of Anjou, king of Naples, and Kalonymos ben Kalonymos, 61, 63.
and Shemarya Ikriti, 69, 70.
patron of learning, 59.
taught by Leo Romano, 68.
Romano, Leone. See Jehuda ben Moses ben Daniel.
Romano, Solomon (John Baptista), denounces the Talmud, 564.
Rome, the oldest European Jewish community, 61.
exiles at, 363, 408.
inundated, 505.
Rome, Jews of, culture of, 58–60.
threatened, 61.
See also Italy.
Romi. See Immanuel ben Solomon Romi.
Rosales, Immanuel, author, 692.
Rossi, deï, Azarya ben Moses, critic, 613–615.
opposition to, 616–617.
Rouelle, French Jew-badge, 131.
Roussillon, French exiles in, 49.
Jews of, devoted to science, 25.
Rotterdam, Jews settle in, 685.
Röttingen, Jews of, persecuted, 35.
Rubianus, Crotus (Johann Jäger), author of the "Letters of Obscurantists," 456, 461.
Rudolph II, emperor, and the Jews, 652.
Ruez, Juan, Spanish inquisitor, 312.
Saatz, imperial army at, 226.
Saba, Abraham, Kabbalist, 381.
Sabbation, a mythical river, 4.
Sadolet, bishop, quoted, 515.
Safet, Kabbalistic center, 74, 399, 405, 622–623.
ordination revived in, 531–532.
Spanish exiles in, 399.
Safi, Jews in, 389.
Sancta Anastasia, de, cardinal, favorable to Marranos, 379.
St. Bartholomew, massacre, 604.
St. Gall, Jews of, persecuted, 105.
Salamanca, Jews of, baptized, 205.
Salonica, Kabbalistic center, 405.
Spanish exiles in, 404–405.
Salzring, place of execution in Breslau, 262.
Samael, Kabbalistic term, 17.
Sambation, a mythical river, 4.
Samiel, Kabbalistic term, 17.
Samson ben Meïr, partisan of Abba-Mari, 38.
Samson of Sens denounces the Karaites, 72.
Samuel, Kabbalist, 6.
Samuel, prophet, pilgrimages to grave of, 398.
Samuel, treasurer under Ferdinand IV, of Castile, 51.
San Benito, a garment, 317, 327.
San Martin, de, Juan, Spanish inquisitor, 312, 318–319, 323.
San Thomas, islands of, Jewish children at the, 371.
Sanchez, Juan Perez, opposes the Inquisition, 329.
Sancho IV, of Castile, employs Todros Abulafia, 2.
Sangisa, sister of Pope John XXII, hostile to Jews, 61.
Santa Cruz, de, Gaspard, conspirator against Arbues, 331–332.
Santa Fé, de, Francisco, conspirator against Arbues, 331.
Santillano, de, Diego and Francisco, plead for the Inquisition, 311.
Santob (Shem Tob) de Carrion, troubadour, 87, 114–115.
Saporta, Enoch, influences Karaites to Rabbinism, 270.
Saragossa, celebration of Purim in, 148.
conversions in, 206, 214.
Inquisition at, 326, 329.
rising against the Marranos of, 330.
Saragossi, Joseph, Kabbalist, 393.
Sariel, Kabbalistic term, 17.
Sarrão Thomé, Marrano leader, 516.
Saruk, Israel, Kabbalist, 625.
Savoy, duke of, invites Jews, 675.
expelled, 294.
Savoy, Jews of, persecuted, 104, 218.
privileges, of, confirmed, 219.
Scaliger, Joseph, humanist, 685.
Schaffhausen, Jews of, persecuted, 105.
Schutz-juden, protected Jews, 688.
Schwarz, Peter, convert, maligns the Jews, 302, 442.
Schweidnitz, Jewish community of Silesia, 260, 261.
Scotus, Duns, alluded to, 277.
"Scourge of the Jews," sobriquet of John of Capistrano, 260.
Scriptures, the Holy. See Bible, the.
Scrutinium Scriptuarum (Searching the Scriptures), work by Solomon Levi, 233.
Sebastian, of Portugal, in Africa, 381.
Sechel ha-Poel, in the Kabbala, 4.
"Sefer Yochasin," chronicle, 391.
Sefiroth, Kabbalistic term, 6, 13, 14, 17, 22, 619, 626.
Segovia, Jews of, baptized, 205.
prepare for exile, 352.
Marranos of, massacred, 283.
synagogue of, turned into a church, 196.
Seleucidan chronology, 394–395.
Selim I, sultan, and the Jews, 393–394, 400, 401, 402.
Selim II, sultan, and Joseph Nassi, 594–595.
Jews under, 602.
Selve, de, George, disciple of Elias Levita, 472, 474.
Semichah, ordination, 530.
Sen Escalita. See Sulami.
Senensis, Sixtus, proselytizer, 581.
and the Talmud, 582.
rescues the Zohar, 584.
Senior, Abraham. See Benveniste, Abraham.
Sens, college of, dispersed, 48.
Separation, Kabbalistic term, 619.
Sephardic Jews. See Jews of Spain, Africa, Italy, and the East.
Septuagint, not authoritative, 237.
Sepulveda, Jews of, persecuted, 278, 279.
Serachya ben Shaltiel, promoter of culture among Italian Jews, 59.
Serkes, Joel, Talmudist, 703.
Servetus, Michael, anti-Trinitarian, 541, 646.
"Servi cameræ," coveted by petty rulers, 128.
Jews of France claimed as, 47.
protected by Charles of Luxemburg, 106.
under Louis the Bavarian, 96.
Setubal, a port for Jewish exiles, 374.
Seville, Inquisition organized in, 312–314.
Seville, Jews of, cause the Spanish persecutions, 155, 157–158.
persecuted, 167–169.
Seville, Marrano victims of the Inquisition in, 317.
Marranos of, attacked, 282–283.
Seville, mayor of, opposed to the Inquisition, 313.
synagogues of, turned into churches, 169.
Seven Planets, Tables of the, by Zacuto, 367.
Sezira, John, friend of Isaac Abrabanel, 338, 340.
Sforno, Obadiah (Servadeus), physician, 411.
Reuchlin's teacher, 434, 473.
Sforza, Galeazzo, and Jews, 287, 296–297.
Shachna, Shalom, Talmudist, 634, 639.
Shalal, Isaac Cohen, Nagid, 392, 398.
Shalom, of Austria, compiles Jewish customs, 134.
Shaprut, Shem-Tob ben Isaac, controversialist, 142–143, 144.
Shaltiel, Jewish advocate in Turkey, 494.
"Shebet Jehuda," a history by the Ibn-Vergas, 557–558.
Shemarya Ikriti, and the Karaites, 69–70, 71.
"Shield and Sword," controversial work, 237.
Shulam, Samuel, historian, 608.
"Shulchan Aruch," code of Joseph Karo, 539, 612–613.
Sibili, Astruc, denounces the Jews of Palma, 246–247.
Siciliano, Judah, poet, 60, 68.
Sicily, opposition to the Inquisition in, 319–320.
Siddur Tefila, Karaite prayer-book, 71.
Sidillo (Sid), Samuel, scholar, 392.
Sigismund, emperor, 216, 218, 227.
and the Jews, 219, 248.
appoints rabbis, 227.
in the Hussite war, 225.
Sigismund III, of Poland, friendly to Jews, 643.
Sigismund Augustus, of Poland and Joseph Nassi, 602.
and the Reformation, 646.
protects Jewish trade, 633.
Silesia, Jews of, persecuted, 260–263.
Silva, de, Diogo, inquisitor-general of Portugal, 508, 513.
Silva, de, Miguel, opposes David Reubeni, 498–499.
Simon bar Yochaï, pretended author of the Zohar, 12–14, 15, 16, 18, 20, 21, 618, 623.
Simon ben Zemach Duran, rabbi of Algiers, 199–200.
at Palma, 247.
controversial writer, 238.
Simon Duran II, rabbi of Algiers, aids Spanish exiles, 390, 391.
Simon of Trent, a supposed victim of the Jews, 298–299, 414.
Simoneta, cardinal, opposes the Portuguese Inquisition, 520.
Sixtus IV, pope, 340.
and Simon of Trent, 299.
and the Inquisition in Aragon, 319.
and the Spanish Inquisition, 311, 312, 318–119, 322–323.
friendly to Marranos, 320.
opposes Jewish church officers, 321.
votary of the Kabbala, 292, 443.
Sixtus V, permits the printing of the Talmud, 658.
removes Jewish restrictions, 655–659.
Soares, João, inquisitor, 521.
Socinians, anti-Trinitarians, 647.
Socinus, religious reformer, 647.
Sokolli, Mahomet, vizir of Selim II, and Joseph Nassi, 596, 599, 611, 627–628.
employs a Jewish negotiator, 602.
partisan of Venice, 600.
Solis, de, Pedro, member of the Inquisition commission, 312.
Solomon, king, as a character in Immanuel Romi's work, 67.
quoted, 33.
Solomon, son of Manessier de Vesoul, 150.
Solomon ben Abraham ben Adret, rabbi of Barcelona, 7, 26, 49, 51, 74, 75, 91, 147.
attacked by Bedaresi, 42–44.
partisan of the obscurantists, 28–30, 33, 34, 39, 42, 50.
pronounces a ban against the Montpellier freethinkers, 38.
signs ban against science, 40.
Solomon ben Jacob, translator of Maimuni, 60.
Solomon ben Reuben Bonfed attacks Christian dogmas, 182.
neo-Hebraic poet, 230.
Solomon Duran, rabbi of Algiers, controversial writer, 238, 390.
Solomon of Montpellier, proscriber of Maimuni, 27.
Solyman I, sultan, and Joseph Nassi, 594.
conspired against, 395.
favorable to Jews, 400, 402, 404.
intercedes for Turkish Jews in Ancona, 578.
protects Gracia Mendesia, 574–575.
Soncino, Jewish printing house in, 289.
Soncino, Gershon, printer, 586.
Soranzo, Jacopo, Venetian agent in Constantinople, 606.
Soria, cortes of, deprive the Jews of criminal jurisdiction, 157.
Spain, exiles from, 357–364, 389–392.
first auto-da-fé in, 317.
Inquisition established in, 312.
See Inquisition.
Spain, Jews of, banished, 81, 347–348.
controversial literature of, 231–238.
culture of, 37, 75, 387–389.
degeneracy of, 60, 86, 87, 91, 143–144, 153–155, 228.
employed by Ferdinand and Isabella, 336.
enjoy peace, 274–276.
humbled by the civil war, 126.
in Africa, 197.
influenced by Asheri, 51.
invited to adopt the ban against science, 40.
persecuted in 1391, 166–173.
plan to emigrate, 283.
prepare for exile, 349–352.
send an embassy to Martin V, 219.
supposed to have caused the Black Death, 101.
wealth of, 383.
Spain misses the Jews, 353–354.
See also Castile, Aragon, etc.
Spain, northern, Jews of, persecuted, 53.
threatened, 103.
Spain, southern, Jews of, enjoy peace, 53.
Spanish language cultivated by the exiles, 387–388.
Speyer, decisions of, 135.
Jews of, persecuted, 107–108.
Spina, de, Alfonso, preacher, hostile to Jews, 276–277.
Spinoza, Baruch, alluded to, 93, 682.
Sprinz, David, partisan of Israel Bruna, 302.
Stein, inhabitants of, attack the Jews of Krems, 110.
Strasburg, authorities of, defend the Jews, 105–108.
Jews of, imprisoned, 108.
"Strengthening of the Faith, The," by Isaac Troki, 648–649.
Sturm, Gosse, defends the Jews, 106, 108.
Suabia, Jews of, banished, 307, 413.
persecuted, 97, 110, 163.
Sulami, Samuel, patron of Levi of Villefranche, 25–26, 29.
Sulchat, Karaite stronghold, 71.
Suson, de, Diego, victim of the Spanish Inquisition, 317.
Swaber, Peter, defends the Jews, 106, 108.
Swedes, the, and Jews, 707.
Switzerland, Jews of, persecuted, 104.
Synhedrion, Maimuni's teachings on, 530.
value of a, 532.
Synods of the Four Countries, 643–645.
Syria conquered by Selim I, 393.
Tab Yomi. See Lipmann of Mühlhausen.
"Table-cloth," work by Moses Isserles, 637.
Talith, Kabbalistic use of, 5.
Talmud, the, and the Kabbala, 19.
burnt, 50, 55, 582–583.
confiscated, 565–566.
declared hostile to Christianity, 444–445.
defended, 234, 238, 442–443, 657.
denounced, 213, 425–426, 439, 549–550, 563–564.
interdicted by popes, 215–216, 251, 565–566, 659.
permitted by Sixtus V, 658.
permitted to appear under another name, 589.
printed, 468, 589.
threatened, 141, 427–428.
used by controversialists, 142.
Talmud, study of the, by Karaites, 269.
by Portuguese Marranos, 485.
in France, 133.
in Germany, 96, 134, 227.
in Jerusalem, 74.
in Padua, 410.
in Poland, 420, 634–641.
in Prague, 418.
in Safet, 399.
in Spain, 86, 144, 229–230.
neglected, 653.
spread by Asheri, 87, 88.
Talmud Torah, Hebrew institute in Amsterdam, 681–682.
Talmud Torah, Jewish synagogue at Hamburg, 689.
Tam, college of, dispersed, 48.
Tam, Jacob, alluded to, 609.
Tamar as a character in Immanuel Romi's work, 67.
Tamarica, Jews of, 693.
Tamarite, Jews of, converted, 214.
Tangier taken by Alfonso V, 286.
Targum, the, not authoritative, 237.
Tavs (Tus), Jacob, translator of the Pentateuch into Persian, 401.
Taytasak, Jacob, scholar, 496.
Taytasak, Joseph, Kabbalist and Talmudist, 405, 506.
Tekanoth Shum, decisions of Speyer, Worms and Mayence, 135.
Ten tribes, supposed home of, 4.
Teneo, Jews settle in, 197.
Teruel opposes the Inquisition, 328.
Terza rima introduced into Hebrew poetry, 65.
Testaments, Old and New, contrasted, 540–541. See also Bible, the.
Teutonic knights defeat Casimir IV, 266.
Texeira, Diego, de Mattos, prominent in Hamburg, 690–691.
Thebes, Spanish exiles in, 406.
Themudo, George, spies upon the Portuguese Marranos, 489.
"Theorica," work by Frohbach, 638.
Thirty Years' War, the, and the Jews, 701–702, 707.
Thuringia, Jews of, slaughtered, 109, 225.
Tibbon. See Jacob ben Machir, and Judah ben Moses.
Tibbonides, party opposed to Abba-Mari, 32–33, 50.
defend Maimuni, 41, 42.
issue a ban, 40–41.