B

Baker, Sir Sherston, 94

Balance of power, 62, 65, 80, 193, 289, 307

Baltic, the, 248, 267

maintenance of status quo in the, 604

Bancroft treaties, 389

Barbeyrac, 90

Barents Sea, 266

Barima, river, 242

Bass, case of De, 459

Batoum, 539, 575, 579

Bavaria sends and receives diplomatic envoys, 441

Bay:

of Cancale, 262

of Chesapeake, 262, 263

of Conception, 262, 263

of Delaware, 262, 263

of Stettin, 263

Bays, 262

Bearers of despatches, 511, 512

Beckert, case of, 474

Behring Sea Award Act (1894), 352

Behring Sea conflict between Great Britain and United States, 320, 351

Belgium, independence of, 68, 312

neutralisation of, 152, 588

Belle-Isle, case of Maréchal de, 471

Belli, 84

Bello, 97

Bentham, 4, 88

Berlin:

Congo Conference of (1884-85), 72, 153, 368, 514, 537, 590, 605

Congress of (1878), 71, 118, 272, 368, 514

Decrees of, 65

Treaty of (1878), 71, 76, 327, 364, 369, 387, 575, 576, 579, 590

Bernard, 102

Berne Convention, 615

Bill of lading, 331

Binding force of treaties, 541, 545, 546

Biologic investigation of the North Sea, 626

Birds:

in Africa, preservation of, 623

useful to agriculture, Convention for the preservation of, 618

Birkenfeld, 230

Birth, acquisition of nationality by, 375

Black Sea, 247, 268, 269, 321

neutralisation of, 70, 325, 575

Blockade, 63, 335, 538, 588

of Venezuela, 74

Bluntschli, 36, 96, 99

Bodin, 111, 112

Bombardments, convention concerning, 594

Bon, 96

Bonfils, 95, 100

Bornemann, 97

Bosnia and Herzegovina, international position of, 77, 233, 576

Bosphorus and Dardanelles, 247, 266, 267, 268, 321

Boundaries of State territory, 270-273

Boundary:

Commissions, 272

dispute, 272, 296

mountains, 272

waters, 270

Boundary dispute:

between Great Britain and Venezuela, 198, 242

Louisiana, 295

Oregon, 295

Boundary treaty:

between Great Britain and the United States, 272

of Buenos Ayres (1881) between Argentina and Chili, 267, 564, 592

Bounties on sugar, Convention concerning, 515, 617

Brazil, international position of, 72, 312

Bristol Channel, 266

British seas, 317

Brooke, Sir James, Sovereign of Sarawak, 282

Brunus, 84

Brussels:

Anti-Slavery Conference of, 368, 517, 560, 591

Conference of (1874), 71, 552

Convention concerning sugar, 515, 617

Bry, 95

Buddhist States, 30, 154

Buenos Ayres, Boundary treaty of (1881), between Argentina and Chili, 267, 564, 592

Buffer States, 148

Bulgaria:

a party to the Hague Peace Conferences, 534

international position of, 71, 183, 576

Bulletin des Douanes, 517

Bulmerincq, 96, 100

Bumboats in the North Sea, 338, 351

Bundesrath, the, 433, 516, 546

Bundesgericht, the, 417

Burlamaqui, 90

Burroughs, Sir John, 319

Bynkershoek, 91, 320

C

Cabotage, 258, 606

Calhoun, 115

Callao, revolutionary outbreak at, 342

Calvo, 97, 99

Campos, 97

Canals, 248-254

Cancale, bay of, 262

Cancellation of treaties on account of:

subsequent change of status of a party, 579

their inconsistency with subsequent rules of International Law, 578

their violation by one of the parties, 579

war, 580

Canning, case of George, 532

Canning, case of Sir Stratford, 451

Canonists, 55

Canon Law, 8

Cape Breton Island, restitution of, to France, 566

Capitulations, 395, 482, 497

Capture in maritime war, Convention concerning, 594

Carlowitz, Peace Treaty of, 63

Carnazza-Amari, 96

Carnot, assassination of, 418, 420

Caroline, case of the, 187, 501

Caroline Islands, sold by Spain to Germany, 288

Carthagena, rebel men-of-war at, 342

Casa Blanca incident, the, 502

Casanova, 96

Caspian Sea, 246

Castione, case of, 415

Castlereagh, Lord, 412

Casus fœderis, 599

Cavour, Count, 426

Cellamare, case of Prince, 459

Celsus, 315

Central American Court of Justice, 525

Ceremonials, maritime. See Maritime ceremonials

Certificate of registry, 331

Cession of territory, 285-291

acquisition of nationality through, 289, 377

Ceylon, pearl fishery off the coast of, 348

Chablais and Faucigny, 279, 286

Chalmers, 103

Chambers of Reunion (1680-1683), 62

Changes in the condition of States, 121-125

Channel:

Bristol, 266

North, 266

St. George's, 266

Channel tunnel, proposed, 359

Chapelle, droit de, 467

Chargés d'Affaires, 445-481. See also Diplomatic envoys

Chargés des Affaires, 445

Charkieh, case of the, 507

Charles I., 319

Charlton, case of Porter, 408

Charter-party, 332

Chesapeake, Bay of, 262, 263

China, international position of, 164

China and Japan, war between, 72

Cholera. See Sanitary Conventions

Christiania, Treaty of, 75, 135

Christina, Queen of Sweden, 431

"Citizen" and "subject" of a State synonymous in International Law, 370

Civilians, the, 55

Clayton-Bulwer Treaty, 251

Coasting trade, 258, 606

Code of signals, International, 333

Codification of International Law, 35

Collective guarantee, treaties of, 601

Collision at sea, 334

Colonial States cannot be parties to international negotiation, 530

Colonies rank as territory of the motherland, 231

Comity of Nations, 24, 261

Commercial Code of Signals, 333, 334

Commissaries, 511

Commissions, International, 512-515

in the interest of:

fisheries, 513

foreign creditors, 515

navigation, 513

sanitation, 515

sugar, 515

Common Consent, 16

Como, Lake of, 245

Composite International Persons, 132-140

Compromise clause, 583

Conception, Bay of, 262, 263

Concert, European, 170

Concordat, 161

Condominium, 232, 272

Confederate States, 133, 135

Conferences. See Congresses.

Congo, river, 242

Congo Commission, the international, 242

Congo Conference of Berlin, 72, 368, 514, 537, 590, 605

Congo Free State:

annexation of, 76

merged in Belgium, 34, 287

neutralisation of, 153

recognition of, 73

Congresses, international:

cannot be distinguished from Conferences, 533

conception of, 533

envoys representing states at, 443, 453

parties to, 534

permanent, suggested by Podiebrad, 58

procedure at, 535

reception of envoys at, 452

Conquest, 302. See alsoSubjugation

Conseil sanitaire maritime et quarantenaire at Alexandria, 515

Conseil supérieur de santé at Constantinople, 515

Consolato del mare, 56

Constance, Lake of, 246

Constantinople:

Conference of (1885-6), 71

Treaty of (1888), 514, 591

Constitution, case of the, 507

Constitutional restrictions concerning the treaty-making power, 545

Constitutional system, 68

Consular Act, 484

Consular districts, 485

Consul-general, 486

Consular jurisdiction in non-Christian States, 497

Consular officers, 485

Consular service, British, 487

Consuls:

appointment of, 487-490

archives of, 495, 496

consular organisation, 485

consules missi and electi, 485

consular districts, 485

different classes of, 486

functions of, 480, 490-493

general character of, 484

informal appointment of, 490

in non-Christian States, 497

in the fifteenth century, 483

no obligation to admit, 488

non-professional, 495

position and privileges of, 493-495

qualification of, 487

subordinate to diplomatic envoys, 487

termination of consular office, 496

the institution of, 482

Consuls Marchands, 482

Contiguity, right of, 295

Contraband, 335

Contract debts, recovery of, 192, 592

Conventio omnis intelligitur rebus sic stantibus, 573

Convention, 551:

Anglo-French (1904), 278

concerning matters of international administration, 79

concerning the North Sea Fisheries, 349

concerning radiotelegraphy, 236, 355

for the protection of submarine cables, 354

Co-operation, 189

Copenhagen:

Peace Treaty of, 63

Treaty (1857) abolishing Sound dues, 268

Copyright:

Union concerning, 615

Acts concerning, 616

Corinth Canal, 248

Corps, diplomatic, 446

Corsica, pledged by Genoa to France, 233, 288

Costa Rica Packet, case of the, 217

Councillors of Legation, 472

Couriers, 472, 473, 475. See also Retinue of envoy

Courland merged in Russia, 124, 287

Court of Arbitration. See Arbitration.

Court of Justice, Central American, 525

Cracow, republic of, 151, 310

Creasy, Sir Edward Shepherd, 94

Crete:

international position of, 72, 144

possesses no right of legation, 441

Crews of men-of-war, their position when on land abroad, 508

Crime:

against the Law of Nations, 209

extraditable, 408

political, 415

Crimean war, 68

Cromwell, 172, 459

Crucée, Émeric, 58

Cruchaga, 97

Cuba:

independence of, 72, 181

intervention in, 190

Cuban debt, 132

Culte, droit du, 467

Cumberland, Duke of (1837), 433

Cussy, 102

Custom, as source of International Law, 16, 22, 23

Custom tariffs, Union for publication of, 616

office of the Union for publication of, 517

Customs Laws Consolidation Act, 608

Cutting, case of, 205

Cyprus, international position of, 233