Ramaḍân, the fast of, i. 271, ii. 313–315, 725

Rank, influencing customs or laws relating to homicide, i. 34, 35, 178, 430–433, 491;
to capital punishment, i. 491;
to bodily injuries, i. 518, 519, 524;
to corporal punishment, i. 522–524;
to torture, i. 523 sq.;
to theft, ii. 19, 20, 58;
to sincerity, ii. 103;
to insults, i. 142 sq.;
to politeness, i. 151 sq.;
to suicide, i. 243;
to marriage, ii. 379, 380, 384;
to chastity, ii. 428, 433 sq.;
to rape, ii. 437 sq.;
to adultery, ii. 448–450;
to the disposal of the dead, ii. 527, 549;
to cannibalism, ii. 573 sq.;
supposed to influence the efficacy of curses, i. 626 sq.;
to influence men’s state in the other world, ii. 698

Rape, i. 187, 188, 311, 521, ii. 437, 438, 476, 633, 679;
self-defence in the case of, i. 290

Rashness, i. 211, 305–310

Ravens, fear of killing, ii. 491

Reason, the theory according to which moral judgments are ultimately based on, i. 7–17

Reception ceremonies, i. 590–592

Reflection, its influence on moral estimates, i. 10, 11, 70, 216, 237, 247, 248, 251, 283, 303, 310, 312–314, ii. 111, 136, 267, 268, 274, 283, 405, 512–514, 580, 581, 744–746;
on non-moral resentment, i. 315, 316, 318

Reflex action, i. 22

Regalia, regarded as wonder-working talismans, ii. 608 n. 4, 753 sq.

Regret, the similarity between remorse and, i. 123 sq.

Religio, the meaning of the word, ii. 584–586

Religion, belief in supernatural being an essential element in, ch. xlvii., (ii. 582–601);
duties to gods inculcated by, ch. xlviii. sq. (ii. 602–662);
relations between morality and, chs. l.–lii. (ii. 663–737), 745 sq.;
custom stronger than, i. 164;
enjoins abstinence from work on certain days, i. 187, ii. 284–289, 718;
the severity of punishment increased by, i. 193–198;
enjoins fasting, i. 271, ii. 246, 292–298, 308–318, 358, 406, 725;
a source of war, i. 339, 349–352, 359;
attitude of, towards war, i. 339, 341, 342, 345–366, 369 sq., ii. 711;
condemns homicide, i. 345, 346, 378–380, 382, ii. 669, 672, 676, 684, 686, 700, 705, 714, 716 n. 2, 717, 732;
condemns the killing or exposure of infants, i. 407, 411 sq.;
condemns feticide, i. 414–417, ii. 705;
attitude of, towards slavery, i. 424, 426, 516, 683–689, 693–700, 711–713, ii. 711;
gives support to capital punishment, i. 496;
influences the right to bodily integrity, i. 520;
inculcates filial duties, i. 536, 537, 608, 610, 612, 613, 616, 617, 620–627, ii. 711, 714, 715, 716 n. 2, 717, 732;
enjoins charity, i. 549–558, 561–569, ii. 669, 672, 699, 705, 711, 717, 718, 725, 726, 732;
enjoins hospitality, i. 578–580, ii. 669, 711, 714, 715, 717, 718, 726, 732;
influences the treatment of old persons, i. 620 sq., ii. 672, 675;
influences the position of women, i. 663;
regards women as unclean, i. 663–666;
attitude of, towards serfdom, i. 703 sq.;
the right of property sanctioned by, ii. 59–69, 669, 675–677, 679, 684, 686, 699, 700, 705, 714, 717, 732;
the regard for truth and good faith sanctioned by, ii. 96, 114–124, 128, 129, 669, 672, 675–677, 684, 686, 699, 700, 703–705, 707. 711, 714, 717, 726, 732;
leads to “pious fraud,” ii. 100, 104, 112;
condemns pride, ii. 144 sq., its relation to national feeling and patriotism, ii. 174, 175, 178 sq.;
as a social tie, ii. 209–213, 225–227, 725;
the opinions as regards suicide influenced by, ii. 234, 236, 237, 242–254, 260, 261, 263;
the moral ideas relating to self-regarding conduct influenced by, ii. 267 sq.;
commends agriculture, ii. 275;
attitude of, towards labour, ii. 275, 280–289, 675, 705, 747;
commends poverty, ii. 280–282;
requires ceremonial cleanliness, ii. 294, 295, 352–354, 358, 359, 415–420, 700 n. 5, 705, 718, 726;
enjoins pilgrimage, ii. 314, 725;
imposes various restrictions in diet, ii. 322–338, 671;
encourages drunkenness, ii. 339;
enjoins sobriety or total abstinence from intoxicating liquors, ii. 341–345;
a cause of uncleanliness, ii. 354–356;
leads to various forms of asceticism, ii. 355–363;
stigmatises incest, ii. 375, 376, 671;
enjoins various forms of endogamy, ii. 378– 382;
a bar to inter-marriage, ii. 380– 382;
enjoins monogamy, ii. 392;
prohibits divorce, ii. 397;
enjoins marriage, ii. 399–404;
enjoins celibacy or continence, ii. 406–421;
regards marriage as impure, ii. 410–412;
condemns second marriages, ii. 412, 451;
enjoins sexual cleanliness, ii. 415–420, 736, 752;
requires chastity of unmarried women, i. 49, ii. 427 sq.;
condemns extra-matrimonial intercourse, ii. 431–433, 439, 675;
prostitution connected with, ii. 443–446, 488;
condemns adultery, ii. 447, 448, 450, 453–455, 675, 676, 684, 686, 700, 717;
homosexual practices connected with, ii. 458, 459, 472–474, 484, 486–489, 752;
stigmatised by, ii. 475, 476, 479–482, 485–489, 705;
inculcates regard for the lower animals, ii. 497–504, 705;
looks down upon the lower animals, ii. 505– 508;
cannibalism in connection with, ii. 562 sq.;
definitions of, ii. 584, 753;
born of fear, ii. 612–614;
hope an element in every, ii. 614–616;
attitude of, towards magic, ii. 649, 650, 652, 753;
the communal character of, ii. 661.
See Asylums, Atheism, Baptism, Blasphemy, Blood (effusion of, as a religious rite), Eucharist, Flagellation, Future life, Future state, “God,” Goddesses, Gods, Guardian spirits, Hell, Heresy, Holiness, Human sacrifice, Intolerance, Monotheism, Oaths, Ordeals, Penance, Perjury, Pilgrimage, Polytheism, Prayer, Priestesses, Priests, Purificatory ceremonies, Sacred places, Sacrifice, Sacrilege, Saints, Self-mortification, Self-mutilation (as a religious rite), Sin, Supreme beings, Tolerance, Totem, Totemism, Unbelief

Remorse, i. 105–107, 123–125, 136;
absence of, in criminals, i. 90 n. 1;
a cause of suicide, i. 106, ii. 233

Repentance, i. 105–107, 123–125;
as a ground for forgiveness, i. 84–88, 99, 311, 318, ii. 360, 735;
adequate, deemed impossible in the case of blasphemy, ii. 640

Repetition of an offence, i. 186, 187, 189, 257, 306, 311, 312, 318, ii. 7

Reptiles, aversion to eating, ii. 324

Requisitions, military, ii. 27

Resentment, i. 21–93;
towards animals, i. 26, 27, 251–260, 264, 308, 316;
towards inanimate things, i. 26, 27, 260–264, 315;
the phenomena which call forth, i. 315– 318