Man-gods, eating of, ii. 563 sq.;
killing of, ii. 606–610, 753 sq.

Mankind at large, duties to. See Cosmopolitanism

Manslaughter, distinguished from murder, i. 294–298, ii. 633

Manslayers, regarded as unclean, i. 225, 232, 233, 375–382, ii. 256 sq. n. 2;
adoption of unintentional, i. 484;
refuge denied to, ii. 632 sq.

Marital affection, i. 113, 532 sq., ii. 190–193.
See Conjugal affection

Marriage, ch. xl. (ii. 364–398);
as a compensation for homicide, i. 484;
the father’s consent required for a daughter’s, i. 599, 609, 611, 613, 615 sq., ii. 383;
for a son’s, i. 609, 613, 615 sq.;
the parents’ consent required for a child’s, i. 607, 608, 617, 618, 624 sq.;
slaves prohibited from contracting a legal, i. 693, 697, 706 sq.;
prohibition of, between white and coloured persons, i. 714;
between relations by adoption, ii. 369, 374, 375, 748–750, 752;
regarded as a duty, ii. 399–405;
enjoined by religion, ii. 399–404;
between dead persons, ii. 400;
forbidden to persons whose function it is to perform religious or magical rites, ii. 405–409, 412–414, 418–421;
considered impure, ii. 410–412;
between a god and a woman, ii. 412–414;
avoidance of, between cannibals and their non–cannibal neighbours, ii. 571;
the contracting of a second, forbidden to widows, i. 475, ii. 450 sq.;
to priests, ii. 412;
considered improper for widowers, ii. 451.
See Divorce, Group marriage, Incest, Levirate

Marriage by capture, ii. 382 sq.

—— by purchase, i. 421, 599, 632 sq., ii. 382–385, 751;
a hindrance to polygyny, ii. 389;
the marriage tie strengthened by, ii. 397;
the standard of female chastity raised by, ii. 436, 437, 440

—— portion, ii. 385 sq.;
the marriage tie strengthened by the, ii. 397

Maternal affection, i. 405, 529–531, ii. 186–190, 193, 748

—— duties, i. 526, 533, ii. 748

—— rights, ch. xxv. (i. 597–628), ii. 748

Matter, regarded as impure, ii. 362 sq.

Meat, manslayers prohibited from eating, i. 375;
abstained from before the offering of a sacrifice, ii. 296;
after a death, ii. 301, 302, 304 sq.
See Vegetarianism

——, fresh, abstained from after a death, ii. 300 sq.;
by girls at puberty, ii. 307 sq.

Medicines, religious veneration of, ii. 591, 641

Men, the occupations of, i. 633–637;
the sexual impulse of, i. 657;
forbidden to eat certain foods, ii. 321 sq.;
extra-matrimonial intercourse of, ii. 422–434, 436–455;
the preference given to virgin brides by, ii. 434–437, 440;
homosexual practices between, ch. xliii. (ii. 456–489), ii. 752 sq.

“Merit,” analysis of the concept, i. 150–152

Merits, i. 86, ii. 360 sq., common enjoyment of, i. 96–99;
the conferring of, upon the dead, ii. 550–552

Midsummer customs, i. 56 sq.

Milk, prohibition of boiling, i. 197;
offered to strangers, i. 590 sq.;
abstinence from, ii. 325 sq.;
after a death, ii. 301

Miracles, ii. 590 sq.

Modesty, ii. 144 sq.

Monkeys, the feeling of revenge in, i. 37 sq.;
self-regarding pride in, i. 39, ii. 138;
sympathetic resentment in, i. 112;
credited with a conscience, i. 249;
adoption of young among, ii. 189;
abstinence from eating, ii. 328 sq.;
aversion to killing, ii. 329, 490, 513.
See Apes

Monks, sexual intercourse forbidden to, ii. 409, 412;
addicted to homosexual practices, ii. 462, 467

Monogamy, ii. 192, 387–392

Monotheism, intolerance of, ii. 644–647, 649, 650, 652;
its tendency to attribute the most exalted qualities to the deity, ii. 734

Moon, abstinence from work in connection with changes in the, ii. 284–287, 747;
fasting in connection with changes in the, ii. 296, 297. 309–313

—— gods, appealed to in oaths, ii. 121, 122, 699;
regarded as judges, ii. 699, 703 sq.

Moral approval, the nature of, i. 21, 93– 107;
the origin of, i. 108–111, 117–123, 129 sq.;
moral concepts springing from, i. 145–154;
only indirectly expressed in custom, i. 160;
hardly at all expressed in law, i. 166 sq.;
the resemblance between the phenomena which give rise to gratitude and those which call forth, i. 318 sq.

”—— axioms,” i. 12

—— concepts, based on moral emotions, ch. i. (i. 4–20);
analysis of the principal, ch. vi (i. 131–157);
among non-European peoples, i. 131–133

—— disapproval, the nature of, i. 21–93, 100–107;
the origin of, i. 108–129;
moral concepts springing from, i. 134–145;
expressed in customs and laws, ch. vii. (i. 158–201);
the resemblance between the phenomena which give rise to non-moral resentment and those which call forth, i. 315–319

Moral emotions, the moral concepts based on, chs. i. (i. 4–20), vi. (i. 131–157);
the nature of the, chs. ii.–iv. (i. 21–107);
the origin of the, ch. v. (i. 108–130);
expressed in customs and laws, ch. vii. (i. 158–201);
the resemblance between the phenomena which give rise to non-moral retributive emotions and those which call forth, i. 314–319;
not determined by the cognition of free-will, i. 321–326

—— evolution, general characteristics of, ii. 743–746

—— ideals, i. 153 sq.

—— judgments, the emotional origin of, ch. i. (i. 4–20);
the assumed objectivity of, i. 6–20, 104 sq.;
the general nature of the subjects of, chs. viii.–xii. (i. 202–313);
why conduct and character form the subjects of, i. 314–320;
the relation between free-will and, i. 320–326;
the innate character the proper subject of, i. 326

—— law, the authoritativeness attributed to the, i. 14–17

“—— reason,” i. 7 sq.

“—— truth,” i. 17 sq.

Morbid impulses, injuries committed under the influence of, i. 298 sq.

Morning gift, ii. 385

Mos, i. 119, 122

Mother, children’s affection for their, i. 534–538, 618, 659, ii. 194, 748;
descent traced through the, i. 597 598, 655 sq., ii. 44–46, 54, 202, 203, 205, 206, 211, 220;
committing suicide on the death of her only son, ii. 244 n. 3.
See Maternal affection, duties, rights; Parents

Motives, ch. xi. (i. 283–302); i. 207–209, 316, 318

Mourners, delicate state of, ii. 283, 307;
considered polluted, ii. 306, 307, 545;
purificatory ceremonies of, ii. 354

Mourning costume, ii. 524, 545, 547

—— customs, ii. 283, 284, 298–308, 520, 524, 526, 528, 541, 542, 544–548;
forbidden in the case of suicide, ii. 247.
See Death

Murder, manslaughter distinguished from, i. 294–298, ii. 633.
See Homicide

Mutilation, as a punishment, i. 192, 195. 311, 312, 513, 518–523. ii. 8, 9, 12, 13, 74, 84, 123 n. 1, 143 n. 1, 447, 449 sq.

Mutton, abstinence from, ii. 322, 327

Mutual aid, i. 538–569

NAMES, certain superstitions relating to, i. 460, ii. 369;
social influence of, ii. 203 sq.;
their influence on exogamy, ii. 369, 748;
prohibition of mentioning dead persons’, ii. 524, 545–547, 550;
of mentioning supernatural beings’, ii. 640– 643

National conceit, ii. 170–174

Nationalism, i. 367–369, ii. 184, 185, 224 sq.

Nationality, the feeling of, ii. 183–185.
See Patriotism

Negative commandments, why more prominent than positive commandments, i. 303

Negligence, i. 210, 211, 303–305

Negro slavery, i. 428, 429, 516–518, 683, 704–714, ii. 32 sq.

Negroes, not accepted as witnesses against white persons, i. 429;
antipathy to, i. 713 sq.;
injuries inflicted upon white persons by, i. 713 sq.;
white persons prohibited from marrying, i. 714

New, fear of anything, i. 462 sq.

Nuns, sexual intercourse forbidden to, ii. 409, 412

OATHS, materialistic conception of, i. 58–61, 233 sq.;
the taking of, forbidden to the high priest, i. 58, ii. 638;
to priestesses, ii. 638;
contained in ordeals, i. 505 sq., ii. 687–690;
taken upon arms, i. 506, ii. 119–121;
upon tent-poles, i. 588 n. 5;
in connection with theft, ii. 62, 63, 66, 68;
sworn by the eldest sister, i. 606;
on the life of the king, ii. 637;
supernatural beings appealed to in, ii. 67, 68, 120–123, 686–690, 699, 731 sq.;
prohibition of taking, ii. 99, 124;
not considered binding if contrary to the good of the Church, ii. 100;
methods of adding supernatural energy to, ii. 118–122;
taken upon blood, ii. 118–121, 621, 622, 687–689;
blood-covenants accompanied by, ii. 208, 209, 567.
See Perjury