Italy, comments upon, 10–39, 295, 296, 309–312;
derivation of name of, 19;
founders of, 19;
four papal territories of, 21;
soil of, 23;
women of, 23.
Ithaca, ancient name of Cephalonia, 56.
Jadileke, fortress or prison in Constantinople, 122.
James VI., King, his foure Crownes, 252;
and the Holy Sepulchre at Jerusalem, 253;
letters and patents of, to Lithgow, examined at Malaga, 394;
death of (1625), 424.
Jericho, 231;
house of Zacheus at, 231.
Jerome, abbey of, 234.
Jerusalem, sighted, 208;
comments upon, 208–255;
gates of, 210;
antiquity of, 212;
walls of, 213;
overthrow of, 214;
government (A.D. 1612), 214, 215;
garrison at, 215;
Christian kings of, 217;
Turks, rulers of, 217;
places of biblical interest in and round, 220, 221, 243, 244 ff.;
arms of, 252, 253.
Jerusalem, Model of the Great Seale of the Guardians of the Holy Grave at, 254.
Jesuits, Scottish, in Rome, 18;
in Jerusalem, 241;
of Malaga, and Lithgow, 407, 410, 411, 412.
Jewish kings, 216.
Jewry, dukes of, 216.
Jews, in Venice, 36;
comparison between and Jesuits, 39;
in Turkey, 148;
origin of the, 191;
bondage of, 192;
dispersion of the, 215.
Joab, Christian guide, treachery of, 196, 197.
Joppa, tribute exacted at, from pilgrims to Jerusalem, 207.
Jordan, pilgrimage to, 225;
river, 190;
river, and the Dead Sea, 227;
source of the, 229.
Josephus, on the fall of Jerusalem, 214.
Joshua, tomb of, on Mount Lebanon, 172.
Judea, mountain of, 246.
Judgment, a favourable Turkish, 268.
Juno, worship of, by the Maltese, 336.
Justinopoli, ruins of, 41.
Kingdoms of Greece mentioned, 52.
Kings, Moorish, 324.
Kirkwall, St. Magnus Cathedral at, 437.
Knights of St. John, of Malta, of Rhodes, 159;
formal oath of Knights of Malta, 336.
Knights of the Holy Grave, 242.
Knox, John, and the abbeys and monasteries of Scotland, 433.
Lacedæmon, see Sparta.
Lanark, birthplace of William Lithgow, ix. 431;
churchyard of St. Kentigern at, xii.;
ancient city of, 72;
paradise of Scotland, 430.
Lanark Grammar School, William Lithgow educated at, ix.
Lango, island of, 88, 89;
birthplace of Hippocrates and Appelles, 157.
Largastolo, Christian gallies assemble at (1571), 56.
Latin, spoken in Hungary, 364.
Lebanon, cedars of, 170, 171;
comments upon Mount, 171;
prince of, 171.
Lepanto, battle of, 46, 47;
description of battle of, 59.
Lesbos, island of, or Mytilene, 94;
Sarcam, Turkish name for, 98;
comments upon, 94–102.
Lesina, island of, in the Adriatic, 47.
Letters, Egyptians and, 273.
Letters and patents granted to Lithgow, 372;
loss of, at Malaga, 418.
Ley, Alexander, Scotchman in Malaga, 407.
Library of the ancient Romans, 15.
Libyan Desert, comments upon, 327–332;
wild beasts of the, 328.
Lithgow, James, father of William Lithgow, ix.
Lithgow, William, author and traveller, account of, ix.–xiii.;
William Lithgow, Poetical Remains of, Edinburgh, 1863, xii.;
works of, xii., xiii.;
prologue of, to the reader, xxi.;
the author to his book, xxxi.;
portrait of, frontispiece, 110;
in his Turkish dress, 128;
in the Libyan Desert, 328;
beset with six murderers, 364;
in irons in the governour’s palace, 396;
in the racke at Malaga, 402.
Lithgow’s Survey of Scotland, 427, 438.
Lombardy, garden of the world, 22, 38.
‘London, The present Surveigh of, and Englands State,’ by William Lithgow. London, 1643, xii.
London and Paris compared (1609), 9.
Loretto, Madonna di, illusions concerning, 24;
pilgrimages to, 24;
opinions of Papists concerning, 27;
chapel of, Armenians and, 194.
Lyndesay, Walter, panegyric verses of, xxvi.
Lyon, the, flagship of the English fleet at Malaga, 391.
Maccabean princes, 217.
Macedonia, comments upon, 104–108.
Madrid, 387.
Mahomet, birth and early life, 130;
later life, 131;
tomb of, 133;
the Great, Otranto taken by, Anno 1481, 21.
Maidment, Dr. James, and the ‘Poetical Remains of William Lithgow,’ xii.
Malaga, Mr. Woodson and Lithgow at, 390;
English fleet in the harbour of, 390, 391;
English factors at, 394, 417;
imprisonment of Lithgow at, 395 ff.
Malta, comments upon, 290–293, 336, 337;
castles of, 291;
products of, 291;
and the Knights of St. John, 292;
inhabitants and language, 292;
slaves in, 293.
Mamalukes, or Mamelukes, sultans of Egypt, 283.
Mansell, Sir Robert, Admiral of the English fleet at Malaga (1620), 391;
and Lithgow, 417;
and the sufferings of Lithgow, 424.
Mansfield, Count, army of, in Austria, 360.
Mariana, attendant, in the dungeon at Malaga, 405.
Market place of Damascus, 185.
Matthew, the, of London, 313.
Maxwell, Sir James, 424.
Mecca, 133;
pilgrimages to, 135.
Mediterranean, queens of the, 166.
Menelaus, king of Sparta, 68.
Mermaid, the, of Amsterdam, 334.
Mesopotamia, comments upon, 179;
fruitfulness of, 179.
Messina, Christian galleys at, 347.
Miles, Hungarian, 363.
Minerals found in Cyprus, 165.
Minos, King, cave of, near Mount Ida, 78.
Miracle, account of a, 384, 385.
Miracles, Our Lady of, see Loretto.
Moldavia, Duke of, and Sir Thomas Glover, 126;
northern division of Roumania, 365, 366.
Monster, description of a, 47, 48.
Montpellier, in Languedoc, a Frenchman of, in the Venetian galleys at Canea, 74;
his escape, aided by Lithgow, 75, 76.
Moorish brigantine (slaver), 293, 294.
Moors, travellers attacked by, 208;
Egyptian, 273.
Morea or Peloponnesus, southern peninsula of Greece, description of the, 61.
Morocco, kings of, and men of science, 324.
Mouslee, strange tree, 174.
Mufti (chief priest), or caliph, Mohammedan sovereign and head of the Mohammedan religion, title now assumed by the Sultan of Turkey, 129.
Mummies, caves of the, at Cairo, 274.
Murray, John, panegyric verses of, xxviii.
Mussulman, Mahommedan, 184.
Naples, commendation of, 19;
kingdom of, 20;
chief cities, 20;
comments upon, 350–353;
Lithgow in the Grotto di Cane, 353.
Navarre, kingdom of, 384.
Nazareth, 194.
Negro, Indian, kindness of, to Lithgow, 414.
Negropont, island of, comments upon, 102, 103.
Nestorians, 172;
paradise of the, 173.
Nestorius, heresy of, 154.
Netherlands, comments upon the, 303;
Spaniards in the, 303.
Newcastle, An Experimental and Exact Relation upon that famous and renowned Siege of, by William Lithgow. Edinburgh, 1645, xii.
Nicalide, in Achaia, birthplace of Aristotle, 108.
Nicaria, island of, 87.
Nile, artificial channels of the, 266, 280;
irrigation of Egypt by the, 273, 278–281;
names of the, 281;
its delta, 281;
Rhone compared to the, 282.
Oils of Candia, 166.
Okes, J., printer, London, xii.
Olive trees of Crete, 77.
Olivet, Mount, and its places of interest, 251, 252.
Olympian Games, instituted by Hercules, 104.
Orange, Prince of, and war with Spain in the Netherlands, 303.
Oranges and lemons of Scios, 91;
fruits of Scios, 92.
Orkney and Shetland Islands, voyages to, 9;
compared to the Sporades, 95;
fertility of, 95.
Osero, island of, 43.
Ostia, Mediterranean port, 13.
Ovid, quotation from, 87.
Padua, description of, 38.
Palestine, comments upon, 193–207.
Papists, superstition of, 17.
Parenzo, port of, 40;
city of, 41.
Parliament, Lithgow’s bill of grievance to, 424, 425.
Parnassus, chief seat of the Muses, 106.
Patent, of Jerusalem, 254, 296.
Patents, Lithgow’s, and the Inquisition at Malaga, 331.
Patmos, island of, Saint John in the, 86.
Patriarchal sees, cities of the, 286.
Pau, province of, 383.
Pausanius, supposed founder of Byzantium, 118, 119.
Pennington, Captain, and the confiscation of his ship by the French, 353.
Pentland Firth, tides of the, 436;
dangers of, 437.
Pera, suburb of Constantinople, 125.
Peredas, Don Jasper Ruiz de, governor of Malaga (1620), 391;
traitorous dealings of, 392;
and a tyrannical oath, 393;
in Lithgow’s prison, 397;
and the Inquisition, 399.
Pergamus, parchment first made at, 165.
Persians and Turks compared, 151.
Peterasso (Patras), Turkish armada at, 56;
description of the city of, 60;
English consul poisoned at, 60.
Pharsalia, battle of, in Arcadia, 62.
Piedmont and Genoese jurisdictions, 23.
Pigeon post between Aleppo and Babylon, 181.
Pilgrims’ dinner at Rome, 13, 14.
Pinder, Sir Paul, succeeds Sir Thomas Glover as ambassador at Constantinople, 126;
kindness of, to Lithgow, 153.
Pindus, Mount, 52.
Pirates, Lithgow’s vessel pursued by, 54, 55, 56;
Lithgow wounded by, 56;
Turkish, danger from, 89, 99.
Poets, Moorish, prince of, 325.
Pola, poisonous exhalations from lake near, 41.
Poland, comments upon, 367–369;
people of, 368;
soil of, 368.
Pompey’s Pillar, 125.
Portugal, 386.
Pottaro, or rack, instrument of torture, 400;
description of, 403.
Potters’ field at Jerusalem, 249.
Prester, John, tribute paid by the Great Turk to, 281.
Puteoli, ancient monuments of, 350, 351, 352;
dogs’ cave near, 354.
Pyramids, 274–277.
Quaranto, mountain of, where Christ fasted forty days, 232;
danger in descending, 233.
Rack, see Pottaro.
Ragusa, republic of, 49;
islands belonging to, 49;
description of, 49, 50;
trade with Genoa, 50.
Ramadan, or Beiram, Turkish lent, 141.
Ravenna, 360.
Red Sea, 264.
Rhama, inhabitants of, 207.
Rhodes, island of, comments upon, 158, 159;
Colossus at, 159;
Knights of Malta and, 159;
conquest of, by Soliman, 160;
chief cities of, 161.
Rhone, river, compared to the Nile, 307.
Rivers of Hell, 52.
Robbers, savage Arabian, tyranny of, from the Red Sea to Babylon, 186.
Robertson, Eleazar, commendation of Lithgow by, xxix.
Rollocke, James, secretary to Sir Thomas Glover at Constantinople, 125.
Roman antiquities, 14 f.
Rome, antiquity of, 10;
Seven Hills of, 11;
Lithgow’s escape from, 18;
comments upon, 355–359.
Royal Exchange, the, of London, 169.
Rubicon, river of Italy, 33.
St. Angelo, Mount, in Apulia, 46.
St. Catherine of Siena, observation of, 12.
St. Francis of Asisi, 21.
St. Kentigern, churchyard of, at Lanark, xii.
St. Maure, island of, 54.
St. Peter’s at Rome, 16.
St. Salvator, monastery of, in Canea, 75.
Sabunks, or Sabuncks, Libyan desert tribe, 330.
Salonica, situation of, 103;
Jews of, 103, 104.
Samaria, 200;
Jacob’s Well at, 204.
Samson’s Pillar, 199.
Samuel, tomb of, 243.
Sancto Salvatore, Church of the Holy Sepulchre at Jerusalem, 235.
Saracens, 133;
descendants of Esau, 144;
and the Turks, 143;
and the Knights of St. John, 159.
Sardis, in Lydia, residence of King Crœsus, 155.
Savoy, Dukes of, and Cyprus, 166;
Dukes of, 307;
Turin, residence of, 307;
wars of, 308.
Saybantus, Gaudentius, Father Guardian of the Grey Friars at Jerusalem, 253.
Scanderbeg, see Castriot, Captain George.
Scios, comments upon, 91;
under Turkish rule, 92;
products of, 92;
monasteries at, 92;
women of, 92;
fortress of, 93;
Turkish Pasha of, and Duke Ferdinand, 93, 94.
Scoks, Dalmatians, 42;
and the Turks, 42;
and the Venetians, 42.
Scotland, false aspersions upon, 96;
comments upon, 427–439;
length of, 429;
lakes or lochs of, 429;
chief rivers and towns of, 430;
nobility of, 430, 432;
chief commodities of, 432.
Scots families in Poland, 368.
Seal, Great, Discourse of, see Patent.
Sehan, commerce of, 261.
Sergius, Nestorian monk, and Mahomet, 131.
Serigo, island of, famous for its marble, 68.
Serpentine stone, found in Negropont, 103.
Sestos, fortress on the Hellespont (Turkey), opposite Abydos, 112.
Shetland, islands of, 438.
Shipwreck, account of a, 89;
a happy deliverance, 90.
Sicilians as orators, 339.
Sicily, early names of, 337;
fertility of, 337;
wines and wheat of, 338;
ancient divisions of, 338;
parliament of, 339;
general council of, 339;
crown-rent of, 339;
language of, 340;
chief cities of, 344;
women of, 346;
famous scholars of, 347.
Sidon, 198;
English factor at, 199.
Sidonians, or Drusians, origin of, 172.
Sigismund, king of Poland, 367.
Sinclair, Sir William, of Catboll, 433;
lines to, 434–436.
Slavonia, comments upon, 46–50;
former names of, 50.
Slavonians, characteristics of, 50.
Smith, John, English soldier in Canea, 75;
and Lithgow, 82, 83.
Smiths, Moorish, 331.
Sodom, lake of, see Dead Sea.
Sofia, 114.
Soliman the Magnificent and the Jews of Salonica, 104;
conquest of Rhodes by, 159, 160;
and the Knights of St. John, 292.
Solomon, temple of, at Jerusalem, 223.
Solomon’s fish-ponds, 247.
Sona, Duke of, and the bandits of Sicily, 340.
Spain, comments upon, 385–399;
travelling in, 387.
Spaniards, pedigree of, 388;
their captivity under the Moors, 388;
manners and virtues of, 388, 389;
and arts and sciences, 389;
Lithgow’s tortures by the, of Malaga, 398 ff.
Sparta, or Lacedæmon, ancient capital of Laconia, ruins of, 63.
Sphinx, 277.
Spices, of India and Arabia, 264.
Starhulds, Baron, 365.
Stromboli, island of, 349.
Stydolffe, Mr., Englishman, at Messina, 347.
Suda, harbour of, or Suda Bay, 76;
valley of, 76, 77.
Suez Canal, 263.
Sur, Moorish name for Tyre, 198.
Survey of Scotland, Lithgow’s, 427, 438.
Switzerland, comments upon, 305–307;
cantons of, 305.
Syra, comments upon, 89.
Syracuse, 344.
Syria, comments upon, 176, 177.
Syrians, biblical Aramites, 181.
Tarsus, birthplace of St. Paul, 162.
Tartars, characteristics of the, 366; see Turks.
Tartary, boundaries of, 366;
Cham, or Emperor of, 366.
Tenedos, island of, comments upon, 108, 109;
French merchants at, 109.
Thebes, former capital of Upper Egypt, ruins of, 107.
Thessaly, 104.
Thrace, chief cities of, 115.
Tiber, river, 11, 12;
compared to the Jordan, 229.
Timariots, 149, 186, 332, 362.
Tobacco pipes, Turkish, 183.
Toledo, 389.
Tophet, 250.
Torne, Count of, in Cracow, 367.
Torture, different forms of, used by the Inquisition, 401 ff.
Tortures, Lithgow’s comments upon his, 417–425.
Totall Discourse, by William Lithgow, x., xi., xii., xiii.;
facsimile of title-page of 1632 edition, xvii.
Transylvania, province of Hungary, 364, 365;
religion of, 365.