Thomas, Felix, excavations, 8.
Thousand and One Nights, 494.
Threshold of Long Life, name of zikkurat in Sippar, 641.
Tiâmat, mythical monster, conquered by Marduk, 140, 197, 408;
fought by Anu, Ea, 197;
synonymous with Apsu, 411;
female principle, 411;
personified chaos, 411, 414;
dominion of T. and Apsu precedes that of the gods, 412;
gods product of the union of T. and Apsu, 413;
mythical monsters product of the union of T. and Apsu, 414;
associates of T., 419;
Ummu-Khubur, epithet of T., 419;
Kingu her consort, 420;
Tiâmat epic compared with Zu myth, 543;
comparison with Nergal-Allat fight, 585.
Tiglathpileser I., king of Assyria, nomenclature of Bel, 146;
dedicates temple to Anu and Ramman, 154, 159;
as a hunter, 216;
rebuilds temple of Bel at Ashur, 225;
pantheon, 236;
dedicates captured gods, 675.
Tiglathpileser II., sacrifices in Babylonia, 664.
Tigris, course of, 28-9;
comparison with Euphrates, 30;
in garden of Eden, 2 (cf. 506);
one of the four streams forming the confluence of streams, 506 (cf. 2).
Tishri, 7th month, sacred to Shamash, 462 (cf. 681, 685);
7th day sacred to Shamash, Malkatu, and Bunene, 685.
Tombs, see Dead.
Triad, the great, Anu, Bel, Ea, 107;
relationship of the members, 147;
product of theology, 147, 149;
development of, 148;
extraneous position, 149;
representative of the three kingdoms, 155;
punish the violator of monuments, 207;
fix the name of the months, 208, 236;
general position in Ass. pantheon, 236;
give victory, 236;
grant rule, 236;
associated with Ashur, Ishtar, and Igigi, and Anunnaki, 236;
in incantations, 273;
associated with fire-god, 279;
in Gudea, 418;
in the cosmology, 418;
ancestors of the triad, 418;
symbolizes the eternal laws of the universe, 432.
Triad, second, Sin, Shamash, Ramman, 163;
in incantations, 273.
Tubal-cain, biblical father of metal workers, 178.
Tur-lil-en, in Nebuchadnezzar's II. pantheon, 242.
Tychsen, Gerhard, decipherment of wedge writing, 15.
Ubshu-kenna, council chamber of the gods, 423, 629, 687.
Uddushu-Namir, a divine servant, created by Ea, 571.
Ud-zal = Nimib, 166.
Ukhat, in the Gilgamesh epic, 475, 476 ff.;
parallelism betw. U. and Eve, 511.
Ukhâti, sacred harlots of Uruk, 475, 531, 660.
Ul-mash-shi-tum, in proper names of the 2d Bab. period, 170.
Ululu, 6th month, sacred to Ishtar, 462, 684;
sacred to Ashur, 463, 685;
sacred to Ninib, 215, 684;
3d day of U. sacred to Shamash, Malkatu, and Bunene, 685.
Ululu 2d (intercalated), sacred to Anu and Bel, 463.
Umu, goddess, 51;
priestess of Uruk, 102;
in Lugalzaggisi's pantheon, 110.
Umun-pa-uddu = Shul-pa-uddu, 99.
Ur, city, home of Terahites, 9;
dynasties, 36-7;
sacred to Sin or Nannar, 69-70, 75, 242, 640, 647;
sanctuary of Shamash, 70;
starting point of Hebrew migrations, 77;
association with Harran, 77;
temple of Nanâ, 81;
temple of Nin-gal, 97;
temple of Sin, 70, 242, 295, 640;
literary center, 245;
zikkurat at Ur, 617;
temple E-kharsag, 638;
temple E-gal-makh, 639.
Ur-Bau, patesi of Lagash,
builds sanctuary of Belit, 56;
builds sanctuary to Ea in Girsu, 61-3;
builds temple of Ninni in Gishgalla, 80;
builds temple to Nin-Mar in Mar, 100;
builds temple to Ku(?)-anna in Girsu, 102;
erects a zikkurat in Nippier, 645.
Ur-Gur, 2d dynasty of Ur,
builds sanctuary to Shamash in Larsa, 69;
preserves local cults in Larsa, Nippur, Uruk, 69;
builds temple to Sin in Ur, 76;
builds temple to Nanâ in Uruk, 81.
Ur-Kasdim = Ur.
Ur-Nin-Girsu, of Lagash, priest of Anu, 90.
Ur-Shul-pa-uddu, ruler of Kish, 99.
Uru-azagga, quarter of Lagash, 57;
temple of Bau, 59, 103.
Uru-gal, "great city,"
designation of nether-world, 592;
Nin-azu, god of U., 592.
Uruk, ancient center, 9, 35, 245, 445, 472;
excavated, 9;
rulers, 37;
temple of Nin-shakh, 93;
temple of Lugal-banda, 95;
temple of Nin-gul, 96;
origin of cult of Nisaba, 102;
Nanâ, or Ishtar, the great goddess of Uruk, 81, 84, 103, 242, 311, 445, 473, 475, 645, 648;
importance of Uruk in Nippur inscriptions, 103;
worship of Nisaba, 111;
temple of Nanâ or Ishtar, 81, 242, 311, 531, 639;
Uruk supûri, 472;
city of the Kizrêti, Ukhâti, and Kharimâti, 475, 531;
conquered by Gilgamesh, 473, 513;
attacked by Khumbaba, 430;
Uruk under Cassites (?), 480;
attacked by Dibbarra, 531;
dwelling of Anu and Ishtar, 531;
zikkurat at U., 619, 639.
Uru-kagina, patesi of Lagash, 53;
king of Girsu, 56;
erects temple of Bau at Uru-azagga, 103.
Utu, surname of Shamash, 72;
etymology, 73.
Utukku, a class of spirits, 260 (cf. 511).
Vases, sacred objects, 652, 674-5
comparison with vases in the Solomonic temple, 653.
Venus = Ishtar, name of planet, 370.
Votive inscriptions, see Religious Texts.
Votive offerings, 51, 57, 660 ff.;
lists of, 165;
popular character, 668-9;
statues of kings votive offerings, 669;
occasions for, 670;
offered by kings and laymen, 671, 675;
various objects, 671, 675;
captured gods as offerings, 675.
Warka, see Uruk.
Water, see Fire and Ea;
means of purification, 276, 279, 282, 289.
Wedge writing, styles and varieties, 19, 20;
origin, 21 ff., 454, 455.
Witchcraft, origin of belief in, 267;
relationship betw. w. and demons, 267;
the sex in w., 267, 342, 485;
means of w., 268;
protection against, 269;
release from, 285, 657;
causes of punishment by, 291.
Worship, tree worship compared with Hebrew-Phoenician Ashera cult, 689;
symbolical in Bab., 689.
Xenophon, contemporary of Ctesias, 1.
Xisuthras, 505;
see Adra-Khasis.
Yakhin, name of column in Solomon's temple, 624.
Zab, lower, tributary of Tigris, 192.
Zabu, king of Babylon, restores Shamash temple at Sippar, 117;
restores Anunit temple at Agade, 117.
Zag-muk, festival of Bau, 59, 677;
festival of Marduk, 127, 631, 678-9;
festival of En-lil, 678;
festival of Sin, 678;
festival of Nanâ, 678;
propitious time for asking oracles, 628-9;
spring and fall the time of the z., 678;
compared with Jewish New Year, 687.
Zakar, god, meaning of name, 172;
place of worship, 172;
"wall of Zakar," 172;
relationship to Bel and Belit, 172.
Zamama, god of the 2d Bab. period, 168;
sanctuary to Z. in Kish, 169;
god of battle (identified with Ninib, 640), 169;
Ninni his consort, 169;
in incantations, 273;
temple of Zamama-Ninib, 640.
Zarmu, son of Bau, 103.
Za-za-uru, son of Bau, 103.
Zikkurat, staged tower, 615;
imitation of mountain, 615;
house of oracle, 622;
names of zikkurats, 638 ff.
Zodiac, z. system outcome of religious thought, 247, 434;
zodiacal interpretation of the gods, 82, 310-1, 434, 462-3, 676;
almost the entire zodiac known to the Babylonians, 456.
Zoroastrianism, 45.
Zu, personification of storm, 525, 537;
myth of Zu, 537 ff.;
compared with Tiâmat epic, 543;
explanation of name, 537;
the chief worker of evil, 538;
under the control of Shamash, 538;
robs the tablets of fate, 540;
conquered by Marduk, 542.
Zurghul, city in Babylonia, 578.
Edited by Morris Jastrow, Jr., Professor of Semitic Languages in the University of Pennsylvania
The distinguishing features of this series will be: first, each volume will deal with the history of a special religion, which is to be intrusted to the hands of a competent specialist; second, the treatment of the subject in the various volumes will follow so far as possible a uniform order; a third division will embody a full exposition of the beliefs and rites, the religious art and literature; a fourth division will give the history of the religion and set forth its relation to others. Three volumes are now ready.
I. THE RELIGIONS OF INDIA
By Edward Washburn Hopkins, Professor of Sanskrit and Comparative Philology in Yale University. 8vo. Cloth. xviii + 612 pages. List price, $2.00; mailing price, $2.20.
II. THE RELIGION OF BABYLONIA AND ASSYRIA
By Morris Jastrow, Jr., Professor of Semitic Languages in the University of Pennsylvania. 8vo. Cloth. xiv + 780 pages. List price, $3.00; mailing price, $3.25.
III. THE RELIGION OF THE TEUTONS
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IV. THE RELIGION OF ISRAEL
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V. THE RELIGION OF PERSIA
By Professor A. V. Williams Jackson of Columbia University.
VI. INTRODUCTION TO THE HISTORY OF RELIGIONS
By Professor C. H. Toy of Harvard University.
VII. THE RELIGION OF ISLAM
By Professor Morris Jastrow, Jr., of the University of Pennsylvania.
VIII. THE RELIGION OF THE ROMANS
By Professor Jesse Benedict Carter of Princeton University.
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