The Project Gutenberg eBook of A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, by John R. Clark Hall

belūcan² to lock, shut up, close, surround, enclose, embody, Bl, CP, Mt, VPs; AO: stop, impede, block up, choke, Æ: preserve, protect: shut out, exclude, Æ. [‘belouke’]

belune = belene

belūtian to lie hid, GD 293¹⁵.

belȳfan (ē) to believe, Æ. pp. belȳfed having belief.

belympan = belimpan

belyrtan (N) to deceive, cheat, MtL 2¹⁶. [‘belirt’]

belytegian to allure, seduce, AO 112²⁶. [lytig]

bemǣnan to ‘bemoan,’ bewail, mourn over, lament, Æ.

bemancian to maim, Lcd 3·214²⁰.

bēmare = bȳmere

bēme = bīeme

bemeldian to disclose, reveal, denounce.

bēmere = bȳmere

bemetan⁵ to estimate, account, consider, AO. [‘bemete’]

bemīðan¹ to hide, conceal, CP: lie hid.

be-murcian, -murcnian, to murmur at, grumble over, AO 48¹⁷.

bemurnan³ (also wk.) to mourn, bewail, deplore, be sorry for: care for, take heed for.

bemūtian to change, exchange for, Gu 42. [L. mutare]

bemyldan to bury, WW. [molde]

ben = benn

bēn I. f. (±) prayer, request, Lk; AO, CP: compulsory service, LL 447 (v. 2·418, Fron.). [‘bene’]

II. pret. 3 sg. of bannan.

bēna m., bēne f. suitor, petitioner, AO.

benacian to lay bare. [nacod]

benǣman (ē) to take away, deprive of, rob of, Æ, AO. [niman]

benc f. ‘bench,’ B.

bencian to make benches, LL 455 (13).

bencsittend † m. one who sits on a bench.

bencswēg ‡ m. bench-rejoicing, sound of revelry, B 1161.

bencðel † n. bench-board, wainscotted space where benches stand, B. [v. ‘theal’]

bend mfn. (+b. MtL) bond, chain, fetter, BH, Bl, Mt, Ps; CP: band, ribbon, ornament, chaplet, crown, WW. [‘bend’]

bēndagas mpl. days of prayer, ‘dies rogationum,’ A 8·329²⁶.

±bendan to bend (a bow), Ps: bind, fetter, Chr. [‘bend’]

bendfeorm = bēnfeorm

beneah (pret. pres. vb.) pl. benugon, pret. benohte to have at one’s disposal, possess, enjoy: require.

beneced = benacod pp. of benacian.

benēman = benǣman

benemnan to name: stipulate, settle, declare, asseverate.

benēotan² † to deprive of, rob.

beneoðan (i, y) prep. w. d. ‘beneath,’ under, below.

bēnfeorm f. harvest feast? bean-feast? food required from a tenant? (BT), LL 452´.

bengeat n. wound-gash, B 1121.

benīdan to compel? A 9·110.

beniman⁴ to take, assume, obtain, AO: take away from, deprive of, bereave, rob, BH, Bo, Gen; AO, CP: contain: catch, apprehend. [‘benim’]

beniming f. deprival, WW (bi-).

beniðan = beneoðan

bēnlic (oe) that may be entreated, DR. adv. -līce beseechingly, DR.

benn † f. wound, mortal injury. [bana]

bēnn pret. 3 sg. of bannan.

benne f. reed-grass, BC (Mdf).

±bennian † to wound.

benohte v. beneah.

benorðan in the north, northwards (of).

benoten pp. of benēotan.

benotian to use, consume, ChrB. [‘benote’]

bēnrīp n. compulsory service rendered to a landowner at harvest time, LL 448. [cp. bedrīp]

±bēnsian to pray, supplicate, BH.

benst pres. 2 sg. of bannan.

bēntīd f. prayer time, rogation days, Men 75.

bēntigðe, bēntīð(ig)e granting requests, gracious, LPs: obtaining requests, successful, Chr.

benð pres. 3 sg. of bannan.

benugon v. beneah.

bēnyrð f. ploughing required from a tenant, LL 448 (5,2).

benyðan = beneoðan

bēo I. f. nap. bēon; dp. bēo(u)m ‘bee,’ Ps; Æ.

II. pres. 1 sg. of bēon.

bēobrēad n. honey with the comb.

bēoce = bēce

bēoceorl m. bee-master, bee-keeper, LL 448[5].

bēocere m. bee-keeper, LL. [MHG. bīkar]

+beod = +bed

bēod m. table, Mt: bowl, dish. [‘beod’]

bēodærn n. refectory, dining-room, Æ (-ern). on bēoderne at table.

beodan = bidon pret. pl. of bīdan.

±bēodan² to command, decree, summon, Æ, AO, CP. b. ūt call out (an army), banish: declare, inform, announce, proclaim, Gu, LL: threaten: offer, proffer, give, grant, surrender, Æ, Gen; AO: (refl.) show oneself, behave: exact, collect. [‘bid,’ ‘i-bede’]

bēodbolle f. table-bowl, Gl.

bēodclāð m. ‘gausape,’ table-cloth, carpet, ÆGr 34⁸.

bēoddern = bēodærn

bēoddian to do joiner’s work, LL 455 (13).

bēodend m. preceptor, CM 967.

bēodendlic = bebēodendlic

bēodern (Æ) = bēodærn

bēodfæt n. table-vessel, cup, WW 204²⁵.

bēodfers n. grace at meal-time.

bēodgæst m. table-companion, An 1090.

bēodgenēat † m. table-companion.

bēodgereordu np. feast, Gen 1518.

bēod(h)rægl n. table-cloth, WW 126³³.

bēodlāfa fp. table-leavings, Bl 53¹³.

bēodland n. land from which the table of monasteries, etc., was supplied, glebe-land, Ct.

bēodlēs f. table-allowance, TC 474⁶.

bēodrēaf n. table-cloth, TC 530³⁶.

bēod-scēat n., -scȳte m. table-napkin, towel, WW 449²².

bēodwyst f. a table with food on it, LPs 22⁵. [wist]

beofer = beofor

beofian = bifian

beofor (e, y) m. beaver.

beoft redupl. pret. of bēatan; beoftadon is from a later wk. *beoftian (ES 38·28).

beofung = bifung

bēogang m. swarm of bees, WW.

+bēogol (ȳ) submissive, obedient: forgiving, Æ. [būgan]

bēohāta m. chief? prince? Ex 253?

beolone = belene

bēom I. dp. of bēo I.

II. = bēam

III. = bēo pres. 1 sg. of bēon.

bēomōder f. queen-bee, OEG.

bēon I. anv. [conj. in full (WS and A) Wt 548] to be, exist, become, happen. b. ymbe to have to do with. b. of to be gone. (v. also eom, wesan.)

II. nap. of bēo I.

bēona gp. of bēo I.

bēonbrēad = bēobrēad

bēonbroð n. mead? (or? bēanbroð ES 38·302).

bēonnon pret. pl. of bannan.

bēor n. strong drink, ‘beer,’ mead, Lk (v. A 27·495). [bēow]

+bēor m. pot-companion, guest, Æ.

beora = bearu

±beoran = beran

bēorbyden f. beer-barrel, LL 455 (17).

beorc I. (e, i, y) f. birch, Mdf: name of the rune for b.

II. (±) n. barking.

beorcan³ (tr.) to ‘bark,’ CP: (intr.) bark at, Lcd.

beorce = beorc

beorcen (i, y) of birch.

beorcragu (e¹) f. lichen from a birch-tree, Lcd 99b.

beorcrind (e¹) f. birch-bark, Lcd 119b.

beord (BH 392²⁷) = bord

bēordræst(e) f. dregs of beer, Lcd.

beorg m. mountain, hill, Lk, AO; Mdf: mound, tumulus, ‘barrow,’ burial place, Æ, Lcd.

+beorg n. protection, defence, refuge, W.

beorgælfen f. orcad.

±beorgan I. sv³ (w. d.) to save, deliver, preserve, guard, defend, fortify, spare, An, Ps; AO, CP: (w. refl. d.) beware of, avoid, guard against. [‘bergh’]

II. = byrgan II.

beorg-hlið n. nap. -hleoðu mountain-height, mountain-slope.

+beorglic fitting, profitable, LL, W: safe, prudent, Æ.

beorgseðel n. mountain dwelling. [setl]

beorgstede m. mound.

±beorh I. == beorg

II. imperat. of beorgan.

beorhlēode (WW 178⁴¹) = burglēode

+beorhnes f. refuge, CPs 30³.

+beorhstōw f. place of refuge, PPs 31⁸.

beorht (e, y) I. ‘bright,’ shining, brilliant, light, clear, Bo, El, Gu: clear-sounding, loud, Cra: excellent, distinguished, remarkable, beautiful, magnificent, noble, glorious, PPs: pure, sublime, holy, divine.

II. n. brightness, gleam, light. ēagan b. twinkling of an eye: sight.

beorhtan = bierhtan

beorhtblōwende bright-blooming, Lcd 1·404⁹.

beorhte brightly, brilliantly, splendidly: clearly, lucidly, distinctly, CP.

beorhthwīl (OEG) = bearhtmhwīl

beorhtian to glisten, shine, BH, Ps: to sound clearly, B: to make bright, VPs. [‘bright’]

+beorhtian = +beorhtnian

beorhtlic brilliant, clear, shining, splendid. adv. -līce, Mk; Æ. [‘brightly’]

beorhtm = bearhtm

beorhtnes f. ‘brightness,’ clearness, splendour, beauty, JnL, Lk; CP.

±beorhtnian (e) to grow bright, OEG 534: glorify.

beorhtrodor m. shining heavens, Ex 94.

beorhtte (= *beorgihte) pl. mountainous, AO 10²⁵.

beorhtu = bierhtu

beorhtword (y¹) clear-voiced, Sat 238.

bēorhyrde m. cellarer, butler, Cra 75.

beorm- = bearm-

beorma m. ‘barm,’ yeast, leaven, Mt.

+beormad leavened, MtR 13³³.

beorn I. † m. man: noble, hero, chief, prince, warrior, B, Ma: rich man, Run 12. [‘berne’]

II. = barn pret. 3 sg. of biernan.

III. = bearn

beornan (VPs) = biernan

beorncyning m. lord of heroes, B 2148.

beorne = byrne

Beornice mp. Bernicians, inhabitants of part of Northumbria.

beorning (= ie) f. incense, LkL 1¹¹.

beornðrēat m. troop of men, Pa 50.

beornwiga m. †warrior, hero.

bēorscealc reveller, feaster, B 1240.

±bēorscipe, m. feast, banquet, revel, Æ, CP.

bēorsele † m. beer-hall, banqueting hall.

bēorsetl n. ale-bench, Jul 687.

beorswinig (NG) = bærsynnig

beorð fn? birth: the thing born.

Entry supplied from first edition.

bēorðegu † f. beer-drinking.

-beorðling (ie) v. hyse-b.

±beorðor (e, o, u, y) n. child-bearing, child-birth: what is born, foetus, offspring.

beorðorcwelm m. abortion, WW 348²³.

beoruh = beorg

beosmrian = bismrian

bēost m. beestings, the first milk of a cow after calving, WW: swelling (of the ground)? v. Mdf. [‘beest’]

beosu = basu

±bēot I. n. boastful speech, boast, threat, Æ, Gen. on b. boastfully: promise, vow, AO: command: peril, danger, Da 265. [= behāt; ‘beot,’ ‘i-beot’]

II. pret. 3 sg. of bēatan.

beotian = botian

±bēotian to threaten, Jul: boast, vow, promise, AO. [‘beoten’]

±bēotlic arrogant, exulting, boastful, threatening, Æ. adv. -līce.

bēotmæcg m. leader, Da 265.

bēoton pret. pl. of bēatan.

bēotung f. threatening.

bēotword † n. boast: threat.

bēoðēof m. bee-thief, LL 54[9,2].

bēoum dp. of bēo.

bēow n. barley, Gl.

bēowan = bȳwan

bēowyrt f. bee-wort, sweet flag, Lcd.

bepǣcan to deceive, cheat, seduce, Mt; Æ. [‘bipeche’]

bepǣcend m. deceiver, Æ.

bepǣcestre f. whore, ÆGr 175⁹.

bepǣcung f. deception, OEG.

beprīwan (ē) to wink, Bo, W.

bēr (NG) = bǣr

bera m. ‘bear,’ Æ.

beræccan = bereccan

berǣdan to deprive, take by treachery, rob: betray, Æ: deliberate on: get the better of.

berǣsan to rush upon or into, Æ, CP.

±beran (eo) to ‘bear,’ carry, bring, take away, carry out, extend, B; Æ, AO, CP: bring forth, produce, Bl, Mt, Gen (and v. ‘ibere’). berende fruitful. +boren born, own (by birth): (with ūp) set forth, open (a case), Chr 1052e: wear, AO: endure, support, sustain, LL, Mt; CP.

berascin n. bear-skin, EC 250.

+berbed vermiculated, DR 4³.

ber-bēne, -bīne f. verbena, Lcd.

berc == beorc

+berd- = +byrd-

+bēre = +bǣre

bere m. barley, JnLR; Æ. [‘bear’]

bereærn n. ‘barn,’ LkL. [bere, ærn]

berēafere m. despoiler, OEG 46³⁶.

berēafian to ‘bereave,’ deprive of, take away, seize, rob, despoil, Bo; Æ, AO.

berēafigend m. despoiler, robber.

berebrytta m. barn-keeper, LL 451 (17).

berēcan to cause to smoke, smoke (tr.), Lcd 1·106¹⁶.

bereccan to relate: excuse or justify oneself, CP.

berecorn n. barley-corn.

+bered crushed, WW: harassed, oppressed, NG.

berēfian (KGl) = berēafian

bereflōr m. barn-floor, threshing-floor, LkL. [v. ‘bear’]

beregafol n. rent paid in barley, LL 116 (59¹). [cp. gafolbære]

beregræs n. barley-grass, fodder, WW 148²⁶.

berehalm n. barley haulm, straw, Lcd 157a.

bereland (ber-) barley land, KC 3·367⁹.

beren I. of barley, Æ.

II. = biren

III. = bereærn

berend m. bearer, carrier, Gl.

berendan to peel, take off husk, Lcd.

berende v. beran.

berendlīce with fecundity, DR 32⁸.

berendnes f. fertility, DR 108¹¹.

berenhulu f. barley-husk, Sc 95¹⁹.

berēnian to bring about, Ex 147: ornament, mount (with silver), KC 6·101²².

berēocan² to fumigate, LL (164⁵).

berēofan² † to bereave, deprive, rob of.

berēotan² to bewail, Hell 6.

berēowsian = behrēowsian

-berere v. wæter-b.

berern (NG) = bereærn

beresǣd n. barley, BH 366²⁷.

beretūn m. barley-inclosure, threshing-floor, barn, MtL; Æ. [‘barton’]

berewæstm m. barley-crop, Lcd 1·402⁶.

berewīc f. barley-yard, demesne farm, TC. [‘berewick’]

berg = (1) bearg, (2) beorg

berg- = beri-, byrg-

berh = bearh pret. 3 sg. of beorgan.

berht = beorht

berht- = beorht-, bierht-

berhtm- = breahtm-

berian I. to make bare, clear, B 1239. [bær]

II. = byrgan II.

+berian = +byrian

bericge = bearrige

berīdan¹ to ride round, surround, besiege, LL: overtake, seize, capture, occupy, Chr. [‘beride’]

berie f. ‘berry,’ Lcd: grape, Æ.

berig I. n. berry, RPs 77⁴⁷.

II. = byrig, ds. of burg.

berigdrenc m. drink made of mulberries, WW 114²².

berige = berie

berigea = byrga

be-rindan, -rindran to strip off bark, peel.

berinnan³ to run upon, run over, wet, bedew, Cr 1176. [‘berun’]

berland = bereland

bern = bereærn

bern- = bærn-, biern-

bernan (VPs) = bærnan

bernhus n. barn, GD 68²². [= beren-]

berōfon (pret. pl. of *berafan or *berebban) despoiled, Gen 2078.

berōwan⁷ to row round, Chr 897a.

berst = byrst

+berst n. bursting, eruption, W 186⁷.

±berstan³ intr. (tr. at Rd 2⁸) to break, ‘burst,’ fail, fall, B, Lcd, Ma; Æ, AO: break away from, escape: break to pieces, crash, resound.

berthwīl = beorhthwīl

bertūn = beretūn

berð- = beorð-, byrð-

+bēru = +bǣru

berūmod = behrūmod, pp. of behrūmian.

berunnen pp. of berinnan.

berwe ds. of bearu.

berwinde f. ‘bearbind,’ navel-wort, WW 300¹⁹.

berȳfan to deprive, Mod 63. [rēaf]

berȳpan despoil of, strip, spoil, plunder, rob, Æ.

besǣgan to sink, GPH 388⁸⁵.

besæncan = besencan