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Tagalog Texts with Grammatical Analysis

Chapter 97: K.
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About This Book

The author compiles a corpus of Tagalog texts presented in phonetic transcription alongside English translations, with notes on pronunciation and variant readings. A thorough phonetic study examines distinctive sounds, syllabication, and accentuation. A syntactic analysis treats sentence structure, parts of speech, subject and predicate relations, attributive constructions, and serial groups. A morphological section analyzes word‑formation processes, prefixes and affixal derivations, reduplication, and irregular derivatives. The volume concludes with a list of formations, a glossary, an index, and corrigenda to support further linguistic study.

K.

thou, enclitic form of ikàw 47. 63. 182.

kabaliyerésa S. stable 181(39).

kabàn box; dry measure of 75 litres, equal to 25 salòp; twenty-five 220(38). 228(36).

kabáyo S. horse 60(30). 288(25).
See kinamatayàn.
naŋàŋabáyo is riding horseback 240(9).
kabá-kabayúhan hobby-horse 261(34).
nakapaŋàŋabáyo is able to ride horseback 287(26).

kabiyàw: kumabiyàw press sugar-cane 228(6).
kabyáwan cane-press 255(28).
pagkabyawàn be used to press cane in 255(27).
pagkàkabyawàn will be used to press cane in 255(28).
pinagkabyawàn was the place of pressing cane 255(24).
pinagkàkabyawàn is the place of cane-pressing 255(25).

kabuluhàn, see -búlo.

kabutì mushroom 244(19).

-kagàt: pagkagàt a gnawing 36(4). 86(6).
kinagàt was gnawed 76(9).
kinákagàt is being gnawed 106(30).
pinagkakagàt was variously gnawed 84(24).

káhit although; no matter; any 18(11). 22(3). 28(21). 48. 68. 248. 253. 264. 290. 294.

kahòn S. box 84(42). 120(20).

káhoy wood; tree 32(33). 34(28). 58(1).
See búŋa, piráso, púnoʾ.

-káin: kumáin eat 24(1). ate 16(16).
kumàkáin is eating 42(8).
kàkáin will eat 28(39).
pagkáin an eating; food 28(33). 241(40). 254(5).
naŋàŋáin makes his food of 36(13).
kánin be eaten 293(20). boiled rice 72(34).
kináin was eaten 32(16). contents of stomach 275(7).
maŋináin graze 18(33). 241(13).
naŋìŋináin is grazing 18(2).
paŋiŋináin a grazing 18(4).
makapaŋináin have grazed 18(36).
kinàkáin is being eaten 36(15).
kakanìn sweetmeats 108(6).
nagkàkakanìn makes sweetmeats 236(7).
pagkánan be eaten from 255(30).
kàínan eating-party 284(36).
pagkakàínan an eating together 108(21).
kainàn kakanàn dining-room 114(6). 230(12).
makikáin eat along 192(40).
makìkikáin will eat along 264(6).
nakikáin ate along 264(7).
kakàkáin there has been eating 175(8).
kakàínan one of two who eat together 278(9).
makakáin be able to eat 94(30). 281(37).
nakáin was able to be eaten 283(27).
pagkakáin a having eaten 108(27).
makàkáin happen to eat 108(9).
makàpakikáin-káin ever eat along 297(26).
paŋpakáin served as food 112(29).
nagpakáin caused to be eaten 303(6).
pagpapakáin a causing to eat 112(39).
pakánin be caused to eat 72(33).
ipinakipakáin was asked to be caused to eat 307(37).
tagakáin one whose task is merely to eat 315(37).
tagapagpakáin one who is to serve food 316(4).

kaiŋìn a clearing 118(40).

kakàw S. cocoa 299(6).

káki S. khaki 122(2).

kalabása S. pumpkin 76(15).

kalabàw (S.) carabao 70(38).
kalabàw-ramò grass-carabao, wild carabao 230(9).

kalabìt a touch 201(26).
kakàlabítan one of two who touch each other 277(41).

kalabòg a thud 24(4).
kumalabòg fell with a thud 24(9).
kàlabúgan thud of many objects 257(27).

kalákal merchandise 236(31).

kalámay rice-paste 56(16).

kalàn stove, brazier 74(5).

kalasìŋ clink 247(21).
kàlasíŋan clink of many objects 257(31).

-kálat: pakálat caused to be rumored 118(10).

kálaw owl 18(29).

kalaykày rake 225(25).
kinalaykày was raked 166(22).

kàliŋkíŋan, see -liŋkìŋ.

kaliwàʾ left-hand 90(26).
See bandà.

kalsáda, see karsáda.

káluluwà soul 72(26). 268(15).

-kaluskòs: kumaluskòs pattered 228(6).
kàluskúsan a pattering by many 84(20).

kamálig storehouse 253(37).
Also as place-n., see báyan.

kamátis (S.) tomato 268(26).

kamatsilè S. a tree, Pithecolobium dulce Benth. 247(1).

kamày hand 22(9).
nagkàmáyan shook hands with each other 234(10).

kambèŋ goat 112(40).

kamì we, excl. 20(38). 63.
See ámin.

kamiséta S. shirt 122(2).

-kamìt: nagkamìt gained 232(22).
kàkamtàn will be received 272(42).
màkamtàn get obtained 40(5).
nàkamtàn got obtained 62(3).

kampánaʾ S. church-bell 80(26).

kampìt kitchen-knife 174(22).

kampòn S. comrade 305(33).

-kámot: kinámot was scratched 84(2).

kamóte S. sweet-potato 253(2).

kánan right-hand 90(26).
See bandà.

kandáro S. lock 283(40).

kandidáto S. candidate 209(24).

kandílaʾ S. candle 50(29).

kandeléro S. candlestick 293(5).

kanilà, see silà.

kanína a little while ago 22(17). 50(40). 262(5).

kaníno, see síno.
—kanità, see kità.
—kaniyà, see siyà.

kaniyàʾ therefore 20(13). 241. 295. 297. 324.

kaniyòn S. cannon 252(9).

kaniyunéro kaniyunéros S. cannoneer 200(18). See trabáho.

kànser S. cancer 204(11).

kantà S. song 208(6).
kumantà sing 110(32).
kumákantà is singing 228(8).
nagsísikantà pl. 110(38).
pagkantà a singing 112(3).
nagkákantà sings 112(2).
kantahìn be sung 110(38).
kinantà was sung 208(7).
kantahàn be sung for 204(29).
kantáhan song in chorus 112(4).
nagkantáhan sang in chorus 200(20).

-kapàʾ: kumapàʾ felt out 228(9).
kumákapàʾ is groping for 228(10).
naŋapàʾ caught with his hand 240(10).
kinapàʾ was groped out 244(21).
nakàkàkapàʾ has come to be grasping 291(31).

kapàg when, if 187(12). 248(31). 48. 296. 300. 304.

-kapàl: makapàl thick 86(7).

Kapampáŋan, see paŋpàŋ.

kápit that held; a hold 66(29).
kápit-báhay neighboring house, neighbor 38(10). 56(35). 211(5).
magkápit-báhay pair of neighbors 242(22).
magkakápit-báhay pl. 38(9).
kápit-báyan neighboring town; person from the next town 46(7). 60(12). 211(7).
pagkápit a holding on 295(4).
nagsikápit took hold, pl. 78(11).
nakakápit has taken hold 64(22).
nàkàkápit is clinging 78(15).
pakapítin be caused to take hold 78(2).

kápitan S. mayor 98(38).

kapitàn S. captain 254(34).

kapóte S. rain-coat 161(20).

kápuwàʾ fellow-; equally 36(39). 249.
kápuwà tào: magkápuwà-táo two fellow-men 242(23).

karaniyúwan, see -dániw.

káraŋ covering of wagon or boat 118(21).

karáyom needle 224(1). See bútas.

karéra S. course 167(27).

karéta S. wagon 100(23).

karitòn S. cart 38(17).

karnabàl S. carnival 237(8).

karnè S. meat, beef 114(11).

karsáda kalsáda S. street 201(22). 257(26).

karumáta S. carriage 52(36).

karósa S. float 234(13).

kasàl (S.) wedding 219(38). married 54(19). 223(31).
pagkakasàl a uniting in marriage 90(34).
ikinasàl was united in marriage 94(29).
mákasàl get married 92(26).
màkàkasàl will get married 295(14).
pagkákasàl a getting married 94(35).
pakasàl get married 168(16).
ipakasàl be caused to be united in marriage 92(17).
ipinakasàl was caused to be united in marriage 92(24).
mápakasàl get married 90(41).

kasalukúyan, see -salúkoy.

kasapuwégo S. match 193(7).

kaséra S. landlady 302(28).
naŋàŋaséra eats in a boarding-house 240(11).
pàŋaserahàn boarding-place 38(4). 262(9).
nagpàpakaséra keeps a boarding-house 303(8).

Kastílaʾ S. Spanish, Spaniard 28(3).

katàm a plane 56(38).
kumatàm use the plane 58(10).
màŋaŋátam planer 56(34).
pinagkatamàn was variously planed off; shavings 56(40).

katawàn, see táo.

kathàʾ that composed 221(2).

kátiyaw fighting-cock 238(3).

kátre S. bedstead 62(38).

katuturàn, see -tuwìd.

káwad wire 284(22).

-káwag: ikináwag was shaken 78(14).

káwal herd, troop 106(26). 116(6).

kawáleʾ frying-pan 114(10).

káwáwaʾ, see áwaʾ.

kawáyan bamboo 34(37). See pantày.
kawayanàn kwayanàn bamboo-grove 260(42). 290(20).

káwit pruning-knife 240(12).
maŋáwit prune; get tired of 240(12).
naŋàŋáwit is getting tired of 104(18).

kay, see si.

káy ké than 16(9). 281.

káya ability, means 56(4). 226(35). 255(3).
naŋàŋáya has mastery 240(14).
ikakáya be the cause of ability; means 54(22).
makàkáya will come within the ability 16(16).
nakáya came within the ability 283(29).
nakàkáya comes within the ability 283(30).

kayàʾ else 40(5).
so that 48(11). 47. 219. 297. 317(4). 321.

-káyas: kayàs smoothed 222(34).
kumáyas smoothed 228(11).
nakáyas was able to be smoothed 283(31).

-kayilàʾ: ipinagkayilàʾ was lied about 60(18).

káylan kélan when? 70(18). 92(2). 39. 262(7). (13). 317(5).

káyo cloth 249(34).
maŋkakayò cloth-dealer 248(9).

kayò you, pl. 63. See iniyò.

kibòʾ least sound or movement 44(42).
kumibòʾ make the least sound, budge 279(13). made the least sound, budged 44(5).
pagkibòʾ a making the least sound or movement 104(25).

Kíkaʾ (S.) short-n. (Francisca) 311(11).

Kíkoʾ (S.) short-n. (Francisco) 50(36).

-kilála: kilalà familiar 290(19).
kumilála make acknowledgement 90(40).
kakilála person with whom one is acquainted 60(23).
pagkàkilanlàn be used as an advertisement 58(18). 279(28).
nakàkìkilála nakàkàkilála is acquainted with 167(30). 276(8). 292(28).
nàkilála was perceived, got known 70(38). 104(2).
màpagkilála be found out 40(20). 66(38).
nàpagkilála was realized 50(32).
nàpagkìkilála is being recognized 44(34). 52(1).
nagpakilála caused to be known 168(34).
nagpàpakilála is causing to be known, showing 44(24).
pagpapakilála a showing 52(25).
ipakilála be caused to be known 58(5).
ipinakilála was caused to be known 64(40).
ipinakìkilála is being shown 88(8).
màipakilála come to be shown 68(32).

-kílos: pagkílos a moving, intr. 44(35). 66(35).
kìlúsan concerted movement 264(4).
makakílos be able to move 311(28).

kinà, see sinà.

kinábaŋ profit 263(39).
pakikinábaŋ profit; holy communion 263(38).
pakinábaŋ advantage 300(3).
nagpakinábaŋ caused to profit, gave holy communion 98(4).
pakìkinabáŋan will be profited from 94(26).

-kinìg: kuminìg trembled 42(41). 64(27).

-kinìg: makinìg hear 20(16). 30(17).
makíkinìg will hear 96(11).
nakinìg heard 285(30).
nakíkinìg is hearing 22(21). 96(5).
pakiŋgàn be listened to 20(29). 308(12).
pinakiŋgàn was listened to 50(27).
nàpakiŋgàn happened to be heard 46(24).

kínis skill 56(37). 102(22).
kakínis what cleverness, how clever? 102(14).
makínis smooth, skilful 102(9).
pinakamakínis most skilful 102(14).
makikínis pl. 118(29).
nakapagpàpakínis is able to make smooth 58(14).

-kintàb: nagpápakintàb is causing to shine, polishing 114(8).

-kiŋg, see kinìg.

-kísig: makísig lively 78(23).

-kíta: kumíta find, earn 30(33).
kumìkíta is finding 30(37).
pagkíta an earning 60(37).
magkíta see each other (two actors) 234(10).
magkikíta pl. 28(1). 239(5).
nagkíta saw each other 203(40).
kinakitáan was the place of seeing, was seen in 36(32).
makàkíta happen to see, find 30(26). 66(6).
makàkìkíta will happen to see 30(36).
nakàkíta happened to see 16(2). 40(27).
nakàkàkíta happens to see 292(31).
màkíta get seen 30(25). 32(38).
màkìkíta will be seen 22(37).
nàkíta got seen 20(24). 32(31).
nàkìkíta is getting seen 20(21). 26(4).
pagkàkíta a chance seeing 38(18). 80(12). 292(35).
kàpakitáan one of two who show each other 310(36).
nagpàpakíta causes to be seen, shows 48(14).
ipakíta be shown 48(33). 306(21).
ipinakíta was caused to be seen, was shown 30(38). 34(18).
màipakíta come to be shown 28(15).

kità thou and I; thou by me 16(19). 18(21). 63. 182.
nità disj., by, of thee and me 163.
kanità prep. and loc., thy and my, thee and me, by thee and me 227(17). 165. 169.

kitèʾ chicken 238(9).

kláse S. class, school 26(36).

kristàl S. glass 255(21).

kristiyáno (Chinese brogue: kilistiyáno) S. Christian 58(39).

Krísto S. Christ 20(4).

krùs S. cross; also as family-n. 20(24). 242(20).
nagkurùs crossed himself 64(29).
nagkúkurùs is crossing himself 64(5).

disj. of akò: of me, by me 47. 163. 182.

kúbaʾ hump; hunchback 22(29).

-kublì: nagkublì concealed himself 94(5).
nagkúkublì is hiding (intr.) 232(23).
pagkukublì a hiding 186(14).
naŋúŋublì is staying concealed 108(20). 240(16).
paŋúŋublì a staying concealed 272(14).
pinagkùkublihàn is being hidden in 94(8).
kublíhan hiding-place 36(33).
nàkùkublì is in hiding 108(33).
pagkákublì a being in hiding 108(23).

kúbo hut 118(27).

kúgon nipa, Imperata arundinacea 118(27).

-kúha: kumúha took 50(38).
kumùkúha is taking 112(7).
kúnin be taken 202(10).
kinúha was taken 30(7). 84(25).
kinùkúha is being taken 74(26).
pinagkúkuhà is being variously taken 74(7).
pagkúnan be taken from 255(35).
pagkùkúnan will be taken from 222(35).
pinagkúnan was taken from 255(31).
pinagkùkúnan is being taken from 255(33).
ikinakúha was the cause of taking 272(11).
makakùkúha will be able to take 56(40).
nakakúha has taken 90(24).
nakakùkúha succeeds in taking 54(4).
pagkakúha a completed taking 52(36).
màkúha get taken 34(9).
nàkúha chanced to be taken 58(11). 267(7).

kukò fingernail 234(23).
maŋhinukò cut the fingernails 241(24).

kúlam magic principle 40(11).
maŋkukúlam sorcerer 40(1). See médiko.
kinúlam was bewitched 42(29).
kinùkúlam is being bewitched 40(41).
nàkùkúlam is bewitched 42(6).

kúlaŋ lack 201(10).
kulàŋ made incomplete 222(35).
nagkùkúlaŋ is at fault 96(40).

-kulápol: nàkùkulapúlan is encrusted 110(35).

Kulàs (S.) n. (for Nicolás) 258(28).

Kulása (S.) n. 287(23).

kúlay color 171(21).
kakúlay of the same color 266(10).
kasiŋkúlay id. 314(37).

kulilìŋ small bell 225(22).

kólera S. cholera 42(3).

-kulòʾ: kumúkulòʾ is boiling, intr. 74(24).
nagpakulòʾ caused to boil 96(20).

kulòg thunder 254(36).

kulugò wart 228(30).

-kulòŋ: kùlúŋan place of imprisonment 86(4).
kuluŋàn cage, crate 238(41).
kinàkùkuluŋàn is the place of accidental imprisonment 86(5).
nàkùkulòŋ is imprisoned 84(42).

-kumbidà (S.): kinumbidà was summoned 20(19).

kompaniyà S. company 221(20).

-kumpisàl (S.) magkumpisàl go to confession 98(22).
pagkukumpisàl a going to confession 98(12).
naŋumpisàl practised going to confession 98(28).
naŋúŋumpisàl goes to confession 56(13).
kinúkumpisàl is being given confession 98(7).
kumpìsálan confession 98(24).
mapagkumpisàl given to going to confession 98(11).
nagpápakumpisàl gives confession 98(3).
pagpapakumpisàl a giving confession 98(5).
pàkumpisálan confessional 96(37).

kumpòl cluster 281(35).

kumpusisiyòn S. composition 90(15).

kumustà S. como está? 230(39).

kúmot blanket, sheet 36(39).

-kun, see—kúha.

kuŋ when, if, whether 16(6). 45. 298–301.

koŋkristiyános S., see kapatìd.

kópiya S. copy 52(10).

kúra S. priest 50(3).

kuràl S. corral 268(42).

korbáta S. necktie 163(36).

kurípot stingy 112(16).

koréyo S. mail 168(19).

-kúroʾ: pinagkùkúroʾ is being considered 82(24).
mapagkúroʾ be able to be divined 287(10).
napagkùkúroʾ is able to be divined 52(19).
màpagkúroʾ get figured out 20(18).
màpàpagkúroʾ will get figured out 182(20).
nàpagkúroʾ got figured out 297(13).
nàpàpagkúroʾ is divined, is understood 297(15).

koróna S. crown 26(24).

-kurùs, see krùs

-kuròt: kumuròt pinch 228(13).
maŋuròt pinch people 240(16).
kurutìn be pinched 244(24).
kurutàn be pinched from 251(43).
kùrútan a pinching by many 257(35).

kúsaʾ of its own accord 225(20).

kusínaʾ S. kitchen 114(9).

kosinéro S. cook 114(1).

kutìŋ kitten 255(37).

kutsíliyo S. table-knife 114(9).

kutséro S. driver 272(2).

kúto head-louse 225(16). See pamatày.
kutuhàn lousy person 260(10).

kuwáko cigar-holder 220(34).

kuwaltà kuwàlta kuwàrta (S.) money 30(33). 141(27).

kuwàrto S. room 84(23).

-kuwayan, see kawáyan.

-kuwènta S.: pagkuwènta a counting 223(6).

kuwènto S. story 66(3).
pagkukuwènto a story-telling 286(5).

kúya kúyaŋ (C.) oldest brother 46(22). 118(15). 59. 254.
magkúya oldest brother with brother or sister 242(14).
magkukúya pl. 242(30).